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Segment and Geographic Area Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment and Geographic Area Information Segment and Geographic Area Information
Howmet is a global leader in lightweight metals engineering and manufacturing. Howmet’s innovative, multi-material products, which include nickel, titanium, aluminum, and cobalt, are used worldwide in the aerospace (commercial and defense), commercial transportation, and industrial and other markets. Segment performance under Howmet’s management reporting system is evaluated based on a number of factors; however, the primary measure of performance is Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, the Company used Segment operating profit as its primary measure of performance. However, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer believes that Segment Adjusted EBITDA is now a better representation of its business because it provides additional information with respect to the Company’s operating performance and the Company’s ability to meet its financial obligations. Howmet’s definition of Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) is net margin plus an add-back for depreciation and amortization. Net margin is equivalent to Sales minus the following items: Cost of goods sold; Selling, general administrative, and other expenses; Research and development expenses; and Provision for depreciation and amortization. Special items, including Restructuring and other charges, are excluded from Net margin and Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Segment Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Differences between the total segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate.
Following the Arconic Inc. Separation Transaction, Howmet’s operations consist of four worldwide reportable segments as follows:
Engine Products
Engine Products produces investment castings, including airfoils, and seamless rolled rings primarily for aircraft engines and industrial gas turbines. Engine Products produces rotating parts as well as structural parts.
Fastening Systems
Fastening Systems produces aerospace fastening systems, as well as commercial transportation, industrial and other fasteners. The business’s high-tech, multi-material fastening systems are found nose to tail on aircraft and aero engines. Fastening Systems’ products are also critical components of commercial transportation vehicles, automobiles, construction and industrial equipment, and renewable energy sectors.
Engineered Structures
Engineered Structures produces titanium ingots and mill products for aerospace and defense applications and is vertically integrated to produce titanium forgings, extrusions, forming and machining services for airframe, wing, aero-engine, and landing gear components. Engineered Structures also produces aluminum forgings, nickel forgings, and aluminum machined components and assemblies for aerospace and defense applications.
Forged Wheels
Forged Wheels provides forged aluminum wheels and related products for heavy-duty trucks and the commercial transportation market.
The operating results and assets of the Company's reportable segments were as follows:
Year endedEngine ProductsFastening SystemsEngineered StructuresForged WheelsTotal
Segment
2022
Sales:
Third-party sales$2,698 $1,117 $790 $1,058 $5,663 
Inter-segment sales4 — 6 — 10 
Total sales$2,702 $1,117 $796 $1,058 $5,673 
Profit and loss:
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$729 $234 $111 $278 $1,352 
Restructuring and other charges29 8 7 2 46 
Provision for depreciation and amortization125 45 48 40 258 
Other:
Capital expenditures$94 $39 $17 $28 $178 
Total assets4,784 2,661 1,273 701 9,419 
2021
Sales:
Third-party sales$2,282 $1,044 $725 $921 $4,972 
Inter-segment sales4 — 6 — 10 
Total sales$2,286 $1,044 $731 $921 $4,982 
Profit and loss:
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$564 $239 $103 $294 $1,200 
Restructuring and other charges74 — 16 — 90 
Provision for depreciation and amortization124 49 49 39 261 
Other:
Capital expenditures$74 $42 $21 $45 $182 
Total assets4,663 2,635 1,280 684 9,262 
2020
Sales:
Third-party sales$2,406 $1,245 $927 $679 $5,257 
Inter-segment sales5 — 7 — 12 
Total sales$2,411 $1,245 $934 $679 $5,269 
Profit and loss:
Segment Adjusted EBITDA$540 $295 $125 $192 $1,152 
Restructuring and other charges36 39 28 3 106 
Provision for depreciation and amortization123 48 52 39 262 
Other:
Capital expenditures$77 $39 $19 $23 $158 
Total assets4,756 2,707 1,444 628 9,535 
The following table reconciles Total segment capital expenditures, which are presented on an accrual basis, with Capital expenditures as presented on the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows. Differences between the total segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate and discontinued operations, including the impact of changes in accrued capital expenditures during the period.
For the year ended December 31,202220212020
Total segment capital expenditures$178 $182 $158 
Corporate and discontinued operations15 17 109 
Capital expenditures$193 $199 $267 
The following tables reconcile certain segment information to consolidated totals. Differences between the total segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate.
For the year ended December 31,202220212020
Sales:
Total segment sales$5,673 $4,982 $5,269 
Elimination of inter-segment sales(10)(10)(12)
Corporate— — 2 
Consolidated sales$5,663 $4,972 $5,259 

For the year ended December 31,202220212020
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA$1,352 $1,200 $1,152 
Segment provision for depreciation and amortization(258)(261)(262)
Unallocated amounts:
Restructuring and other charges(56)(90)(182)
Corporate expense(119)(101)(82)
Operating income$919 $748 $626 
Loss on debt redemption(2)(146)(64)
Interest expense, net(229)(259)(317)
Other expense, net (V)
(82)(19)(74)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes$606 $324 $171 

December 31,20222021
Assets:
Total segment assets$9,419 $9,262 
Unallocated amounts:
Cash and cash equivalents791 720 
Deferred income taxes54 184 
Corporate fixed assets, net91 133 
Fair value of derivative contracts6 2 
Accounts receivable securitization(250)(250)
Other144 168 
Consolidated assets$10,255 $10,219 
Segment assets include third-party receivables while the accounts receivable securitization item includes the impact of sold receivables under the Company's Accounts Receivable securitization programs. See Note M for further details.
Geographic information for sales was as follows (based upon the destination of the sale):
For the year ended December 31,202220212020
Sales:
United States$2,928 $2,542 $2,782 
France394 330 327 
Japan319 319 388 
Germany292 257 309 
Mexico235 225 185 
United Kingdom228 213 231 
Italy180 181 181 
Canada138 127 119 
China111 71 75 
Poland96 77 76 
Other742 630 586 
$5,663 $4,972 $5,259 
Geographic information for long-lived tangible assets was as follows (based upon the physical location of the assets):
December 31,20222021
Long-lived assets:
United States$1,793 $1,868 
Hungary193 205 
France114 127 
United Kingdom107 116 
Germany58 66 
Mexico58 61 
China46 53 
Other74 79 
 $2,443 $2,575 
The following table disaggregates segment revenue by major market served. Differences between total segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate.
Engine ProductsFastening SystemsEngineered StructuresForged WheelsTotal
Segment
Year ended December 31, 2022
Aerospace - Commercial$1,495 $616 $495 $— $2,606 
Aerospace - Defense 526 158 239 — 923 
Commercial Transportation— 225 — 1,058 1,283 
Industrial and Other677 118 56 — 851 
Total end-market revenue$2,698 $1,117 $790 $1,058 $5,663 
Year ended December 31, 2021
Aerospace - Commercial$1,105 $537 $387 $— $2,029 
Aerospace - Defense 523 158 270 — 951 
Commercial Transportation— 208 — 921 1,129 
Industrial and Other654 141 68 — 863 
Total end-market revenue$2,282 $1,044 $725 $921 $4,972 
Year ended December 31, 2020
Aerospace - Commercial$1,247 $808 $542 $— $2,597 
Aerospace - Defense 557 156 303 — 1,016 
Commercial Transportation— 155 — 679 834 
Industrial and Other602 126 82 — 810 
Total end-market revenue$2,406 $1,245 $927 $679 $5,257 
The Company derived 62%, 60%, and 69% of its revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, from aerospace (commercial and defense) markets.
General Electric Company and Raytheon Technologies Corporation represented approximately 12% and 9%, respectively, of the Company’s third-party sales for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily from the Engine Products segment.