Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Roll-Forward of Liability Balance

The following table presents the roll-forward of the liability balance between periods:

(In millions)	Associate- Related Costs			Other Costs			Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	220		$	—		$	220
2020 charges(1)		129			27			156
Incurred, net of foreign currency translation of $12 million and $0 million, respectively		(147	)		(27	)		(174	)
Reversed to the Statement of Operations		(2	)		—			(2	)
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	200		$	—		$	200
2021 charges		52			43			95
Incurred, net of foreign currency translation of $(8) million and $0 million, respectively		(162	)		(43	)		(205	)
Reversed to the Statement of Operations		(2	)		—			(2	)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	88		$	—		$	88
2022 charges		110			28			138
Incurred, net of foreign currency translation of ($5) million and $0 million, respectively		(74	)		(26	)		(100	)
Reversed to the Statement of Operations		(9	)		—			(9	)
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	115		$	2		$	117

(1)Charges of $156 million in 2020 exclude $5 million of benefit plan curtailments and settlements recorded in Rationalizations in the Statements of Operations.

In January 2023, we approved a rationalization plan and workforce reorganization that will result in an approximately 5% reduction in salaried staff globally, or about 500 positions, in response to a challenging industry environment and cost pressure driven by inflation. In certain foreign countries, relevant portions of the rationalization plan remain subject to consultation with employee representative bodies. We expect to substantially complete the rationalization plan during the first and second quarters of 2023 and estimate total pre-tax charges associated with this action to be approximately $55 million, of which approximately $39 million are expected to be cash charges primarily for associate-related and other exit costs, with the remainder representing non-cash charges primarily for accelerated depreciation and other asset-related charges. We have $37 million accrued related to this plan at December 31, 2022 and expect to record a majority of the remaining charges in the first quarter of 2023. A majority of the cash outflows associated with this plan relate to cash severance payments that are expected to be paid during the first half of 2023.

In January 2023, we also approved a plan to discontinue our operations in Russia. Total expected net pre-tax charges related to this plan are $13 million, of which $5 million are expected to be cash charges for associate-related and other exit costs. The remainder of the charges represent non-cash charges primarily related to the write-off of accounts receivable and other asset-related charges. The plan will result in approximately 70 job reductions. We have $3 million accrued related to this plan at December 31, 2022 and expect that a majority of the remaining charges and related cash outflows will be recognized in the first quarter of 2023.

In October

Net Rationalization Charges Included in Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

The following table shows net rationalization charges included in Income (Loss) before Income Taxes:

(In millions)	2022		2021		2020
Current Year Plans
Associate severance and other related costs	$	103	$	19	$	77
Benefit plan curtailment and special termination benefits		—		—		9
Other exit and non-cancelable lease costs		8		—		16
Current Year Plans - Net Charges	$	111	$	19	$	102
Prior Year Plans
Associate severance and other related costs	$	—	$	31	$	50
Benefit plan curtailment and special termination benefits		—		—		(4	)
Other exit and non-cancelable lease costs		18		43		11
Prior Year Plans - Net Charges	$	18	$	74	$	57
Total Net Charges	$	129	$	93	$	159
Asset write-off and accelerated depreciation charges	$	30	$	1	$	105