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Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH RATIONALIZATION PROGRAMS
COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH RATIONALIZATION PROGRAMS
In order to maintain our global competitiveness, we have implemented rationalization actions over the past several years to reduce high-cost and excess manufacturing capacity and associate headcount.
The following table shows the roll-forward of our liability between periods:
 
 
 
Other Exit and
 
 
 
Associate-
 
Non-cancelable
 
 
(In millions)
Related Costs
 
Lease Costs
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2017
$
210

 
$
3

 
$
213

2018 Charges
34

 
8

 
42

Incurred, including net Foreign Currency Translation of ($5) million and $0 million, respectively
(93
)
 
(8
)
 
(101
)
Reversed to the Statements of Operations
(5
)
 
—

 
(5
)
Balance at March 31, 2018
$
146

 
$
3

 
$
149


The accrual balance of $149 million at March 31, 2018 is expected to be substantially utilized in the next 12 months and includes $58 million related to global plans to reduce SAG headcount as well as a separate SAG headcount reduction plan in Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), $45 million related to plans to reduce manufacturing headcount in EMEA, $16 million related to the closure of our tire manufacturing facility in Philippsburg, Germany, and $14 million related to plans to improve operating efficiency in EMEA.
The following table shows net rationalization charges included in Income before Income Taxes:
 
Three Months Ended
(In millions)
March 31,
 
2018
 
2017
Current Year Plans
 
 
 
Associate Severance and Other Related Costs
$
31

 
$
23

    Current Year Plans - Net Charges
$
31

 
$
23

 
 
 
 
Prior Year Plans
 
 
 
Associate Severance and Other Related Costs
$
(2
)
 
$
—

Other Exit and Non-Cancelable Lease Costs
8

 
6

    Prior Year Plans - Net Charges
6

 
6

        Total Net Charges
$
37

 
$
29

 
 
 
 
Asset Write-off and Accelerated Depreciation Charges
$
1

 
$
8


Substantially all of the new charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 related to future cash outflows. Net current year plan charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 include charges of $25 million related to a global plan to reduce SAG headcount as well as $6 million related to a plan to improve operating efficiency in EMEA. Net current year plan charges for the three months ended March 31, 2017 include charges of $17 million related to SAG headcount reductions in EMEA and $6 million related to a plan to improve operating efficiency in EMEA.
Net prior year plan charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 include charges of $7 million related to the closure of our tire manufacturing facility in Philippsburg, Germany. Net prior year plan charges for the three months ended March 31, 2017 include charges of $2 million related to the closure of our Wolverhampton, U.K. mixing and retreading facility and the plan to transfer consumer tire production from our manufacturing facility in Wittlich, Germany to other manufacturing facilities in EMEA and $2 million related to the closure of our tire manufacturing facility in Philippsburg, Germany.
Net charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 included reversals of $5 million for actions no longer needed for their originally intended purposes. Ongoing rationalization plans had approximately $730 million in charges incurred prior to 2018 and approximately $18 million is expected to be incurred in future periods.
Approximately 300 associates will be released under new plans initiated in 2018. In the first three months of 2018, approximately 200 associates were released under plans initiated in prior years, including those related to the closure of our tire manufacturing facility in Philippsburg, Germany. Approximately 800 associates remain to be released under all ongoing rationalization plans.
Approximately 840 former associates of the closed Amiens, France manufacturing facility have asserted wrongful termination or other claims against us. Refer to Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 12, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities, in this Form 10-Q.
Asset write-off and accelerated depreciation charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 primarily related to the closure of our tire manufacturing facility in Philippsburg, Germany and were recorded in CGS.