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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
INCOME TAXES
In the second quarter of 2012, we recorded tax expense of $63 million on income before income taxes of $166 million. For the first six months of 2012, we recorded tax expense of $111 million on income before income taxes of $222 million. Income tax expense for the first six months of 2012 was unfavorably impacted by $6 million due primarily to the settlement of prior tax years. We record taxes based on overall estimated annual effective tax rates. The difference between our effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate was primarily attributable to continuing to maintain a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets in certain international subsidiaries.
In the second quarter of 2011, we recorded tax expense of $64 million on income before income taxes of $120 million. For the first six months of 2011, we recorded tax expense of $126 million on income before income taxes of $306 million. Income tax expense for the first six months of 2011 was unfavorably impacted by $18 million due primarily to the settlement of prior tax years and to increased tax reserves as a result of negative tax court rulings in a foreign jurisdiction.
At January 1, 2012, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $90 million that, if recognized, would have a favorable impact on our tax expense of $84 million. We had accrued interest of $24 million as of January 1, 2012. If not favorably settled, $23 million of the unrecognized tax benefits and all of the accrued interest would require the use of our cash. It is reasonably possible that our unrecognized tax benefits may change during the next 12 months. However, we do not expect changes during the next 12 months to have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations.
Generally, years beginning after 2006 are still open to examination by foreign taxing authorities, including in Germany. In the United States, we are open to examination for 2011.