XML 31 R31.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.3.0.15
Contingencies And Other Risks
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Contingencies And Other Risks [Abstract] 
Contingencies And Other Risks
24. Contingencies and Other Risks

Mortgage Foreclosure Matters

Representatives of federal and state governments, including the United States Department of Justice, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the FRB), the FDIC, the SEC, and law enforcement authorities in all 50 states, are currently investigating the procedures followed by mortgage servicing companies and banks, including subsidiaries of Ally, in connection with mortgage foreclosure home sales and evictions. While the results of these investigations are uncertain, we expect that Ally or its subsidiaries will become subject to penalties, sanctions, or other adverse actions, including monetary fines, which could be substantial and have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. While we believe that a monetary fine is probable, we are not able to provide an estimate based on information currently available, nor are we able to estimate a range of reasonably possible losses.

 

As a result of an examination conducted by the FRB and FDIC, on April 13, 2011, each of Ally, Ally Bank, Residential Capital, LLC and GMAC Mortgage, LLC (collectively, the Ally Entities) entered into a Consent Order (the Order) with the FRB and the FDIC. The Order requires the Ally Entities to make improvements to various aspects of Ally's residential mortgage loan servicing business, including compliance programs, internal audit, communications with borrowers, vendor management, management information systems, employee training, and oversight by the boards of the Ally Entities.

The Order further requires the Ally Entities to retain independent consultants to conduct a risk assessment related to mortgage servicing activities and, separately, to conduct a review of certain past residential mortgage foreclosure actions. We cannot estimate the ultimate impact of any deficiencies that have been or may be identified in our historical foreclosure procedures. There are potential risks related to these matters that extend beyond potential liability on individual foreclosure actions. Specific risks could include, for example, claims and litigation related to foreclosure remediation and resubmission; claims from investors that hold securities that become adversely impacted by continued delays in the foreclosure process; the reduction in foreclosure proceeds due to delay, or by challenges to completed foreclosure sales to the extent, if any, not covered by title insurance obtained in connection with such sales; actions by courts, state attorneys general, or regulators to delay further the foreclosure process after submission of corrected affidavits, or to facilitate claims by borrowers alleging that they were harmed by our foreclosure practices (by, for example, foreclosing without offering an appropriate range of alternative home preservation options); regulatory fines, sanctions, and other additional costs; and reputational risks. To date we have borne all out-of-pocket costs associated with the remediation rather than passing any such costs through to investors for whom we service the related mortgages, and we expect that we will continue to do so.

At September 30, 2011, we had a liability of approximately $9 million related to potential monetary fines and penalties in connection with existing contractual obligations with certain counterparties, as we have determined that such losses were probable and estimable.

Loan Repurchases and Obligations Related to Loan Sales

Overview

Certain mortgage companies (the Mortgage Companies) within our Mortgage operations sell loans that take the form of securitizations guaranteed by the GSEs, securitizations to private investors, and to whole-loan investors. In connection with a portion of our private-label securitizations, the monolines insured all or some of the related bonds and guaranteed timely repayment of bond principal and interest when the issuer defaults. In connection with securitizations and loan sales, investors are provided various representations and warranties related to the loans sold. The specific representations and warranties vary among different transactions and investors but typically relate to, among other things, the ownership of the loan, the validity of the lien securing the loan, the loan's compliance with the criteria for inclusion in the transaction, including compliance with underwriting standards or loan criteria established by the buyer, the ability to deliver required documentation and compliance with applicable laws. In general, the representations and warranties described above may be enforced against the applicable Mortgage Companies at any time unless a sunset provision is in place. Upon discovery of a breach of a representation or warranty, the breach is corrected in a manner conforming to the provisions of the sale agreement. This may require the applicable Mortgage Companies to repurchase the loan, indemnify the investor for incurred losses, or otherwise make the investor whole. We have entered into settlement agreements with both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac that, subject to certain exclusions, limit our remaining exposure with the GSEs. See Government-sponsored Enterprises below. ResCap assumes all of the customary mortgage representation and warranty obligations for loans purchased from Ally Bank and subsequently sold into the secondary market, generally through securitizations guaranteed by the GSEs. In the event ResCap fails to meet these obligations, Ally Financial Inc. has provided Ally Bank a guaranteed coverage of liability.

Originations

We believe the exposure of the applicable Mortgage Companies to mortgage representation and warranty claims is most significant for loans originated and sold between 2004 through 2008, specifically the 2006 and 2007 vintages that were originated and sold prior to enhanced underwriting standards and risk-mitigation actions implemented in 2008 and forward. Since 2009, we have focused primarily on originating domestic prime conforming and government-insured mortgages. In addition, we ceased offering interest-only jumbo mortgages in 2010. Our representation and warranty risk-mitigation strategies include, but are not limited to, pursuing settlements with investors where economically beneficial in order to resolve a pipeline of demands in lieu of loan-by-loan assessments that could result in us repurchasing loans, aggressively contesting claims we do not consider valid (rescinding claims), or seeking recourse against correspondent lenders from whom we purchased loans wherever appropriate.

Repurchase Process

After receiving a claim under representation and warranty obligations, the applicable Mortgage Companies will review the claim to determine the appropriate response (e.g. appeal, provide additional information, repurchase the loan, or remit make-whole payment) and take appropriate action. Historically, repurchase demands were related to loans that became delinquent within the first few years following origination and varied by investor. As a result of market developments over the past several years, repurchase demand behavior has changed significantly. GSEs are more likely to submit claims for loans at any point in their life cycle. Investors are more likely to submit claims for loans that become delinquent at any time while a loan is outstanding or when a loan incurs a loss. Representation and warranty claims are generally reviewed on a loan-by-loan basis to validate if there has been a breach requiring a potential repurchase or indemnification payment. The applicable Mortgage Companies actively contest claims to the extent they are not considered valid. The applicable Mortgage Companies are not required to repurchase a loan or provide an indemnification payment where claims are not valid.

The risk of repurchase or indemnification and the associated credit exposure is managed through underwriting and quality assurance practices and by servicing mortgage loans to meet investor standards. We believe that, in general, the longer a loan performs prior to default the less likely it is that an alleged breach of representation and warranty will be found to have a material and adverse impact on the loan's performance. When loans are repurchased, the applicable Mortgage Companies bear the related credit loss on the loans. Repurchased loans are classified as held-for-sale and initially recorded at fair value.

The following table presents the total number and original unpaid principal balance of loans related to unresolved representation and warranty demands (indemnification claims or repurchase demands). The table includes demands that we have requested be rescinded but which have not been agreed to by the investor.

 

     September 30, 2011      December 31, 2010  
($ in millions)   

Number

of loans

    

Dollar amount

of loans

    

Number

of loans

    

Dollar amount

of loans

 

GSEs

     449       $ 96         833       $ 170 (a) 

Monolines

     12,595         909         8,206         661   

Whole-loan/other

     481         85         392         88   

 

 

Total number of loans and unpaid principal balance

     13,525       $ 1,090         9,431       $ 919   

 

 
(a) This amount is gross of any loans that would be removed due to the Fannie Mae settlement. At December 31, 2010, $48 million of outstanding claims were covered under the Fannie Mae settlement agreement.

Certain of our Mortgage Companies are currently in litigation with MBIA Insurance Corp. (MBIA) with respect to certain of their private-label securitizations. The table above includes unresolved monoline repurchase demands of $463 million of original unpaid principal balance with MBIA at September 30, 2011, which were received prior to commencement of these proceedings by MBIA. Historically we have requested that most of the repurchase demands presented to us by MBIA be rescinded, consistent with the repurchase process described above. As the litigation progresses, we expect to receive additional repurchase demands from MBIA. We also expect to receive additional repurchase demands from other monolines. In addition, third-party investors may also bring contractual representation and warranties claims against us.

Representation and Warranty Obligation Reserve Methodology

The liability for representation and warranty obligations reflects management's best estimate of probable lifetime losses at the applicable Mortgage Companies. We consider historical and recent demand trends in establishing the reserve. The methodology used to estimate the reserve considers a variety of assumptions including borrower performance (both actual and estimated future defaults), repurchase demand behavior, historical loan defect experience, historical mortgage insurance rescission experience, and historical and estimated future loss experience, which includes projections of future home price changes as well as other qualitative factors including investor behavior. In cases where we do not have or have limited current or historical demand experience with an investor, it is difficult to predict and estimate the level and timing of any potential future demands. In such cases, we may not be able to reasonably estimate losses, and a liability is not recognized. Management monitors the adequacy of the overall reserve and makes adjustments to the level of reserve, as necessary, after consideration of other qualitative factors including ongoing dialogue and experience with counterparties.

At the time a loan is sold, an estimate of the fair value of the liability is recorded and classified in accrued expenses and other liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and recorded as a component of gain (loss) on mortgage and automotive loans, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income. We recognize changes in the liability when additional relevant information becomes available. Changes in the liability are recorded as other operating expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income. The repurchase reserve at September 30, 2011, relates primarily to non-GSE exposure.

The following tables summarize the changes in our reserve for representation and warranty obligations.

 

Three months ended September 30, ($ in millions)        2011             2010      

Balance at July 1,

   $ 829      $ 855   

Provision for mortgage representation and warranty expenses

    

Loan sales

     5        8   

Change in estimate — continuing operations

     70        344   

 

 

Total additions

     75        352   

Realized losses (a)

     (78     (84

Recoveries

     3        5   

 

 

Balance at September 30,

   $ 829      $ 1,128   

 

 
(a) Includes principal losses and accrued interest on repurchased loans, indemnification payments, and settlements with counterparties.

 

Nine months ended September 30, ($ in millions)        2011             2010      

Balance at January 1,

   $ 830      $ 1,263   

Provision for mortgage representation and warranty expenses

    

Loan sales

     16        31   

Change in estimate — continuing operations

     280        490   

 

 

Total additions

     296        521   

Realized losses (a)

     (306     (668

Recoveries

     9        12   

 

 

Balance at September 30,

   $ 829      $ 1,128   

 

 
(a) Includes principal losses and accrued interest on repurchased loans, indemnification payments, and settlements with counterparties.

Government-sponsored Enterprises

Between 2004 and 2008, the applicable Mortgage Companies sold $250.8 billion of loans to the GSEs. Each GSE has specific guidelines and criteria for sellers and servicers of loans underlying their securities. In addition, the risk of credit loss of the loan sold was generally transferred to investors upon sale of the securities into the secondary market. Conventional conforming loans were sold to either Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, and government-insured loans were securitized with Ginnie Mae. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the applicable Mortgage Companies received repurchase claims relating to $351 million of original unpaid principal balance of which $218 million are associated with the 2004 through 2008 vintages. The remaining $133 million in repurchase claims relate to post-2008 vintages. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the applicable Mortgage Companies resolved claims with respect to $425 million of original unpaid principal balance, including settlement, repurchase, or indemnification payments related to $267 million of original unpaid principal balance, and rescinded claims related to $158 million of original unpaid principal balance. The applicable Mortgage Companies' representation and warranty obligation liability with respect to the GSEs considers the existing unresolved claims and our best estimate of future claims we might receive. The Mortgage Companies consider its experiences with the GSE in evaluating its liability. During 2010, we reached agreements with Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae that, subject to certain exclusions, limits the remaining exposure of the applicable Mortgage Companies to each counterparty.

In March 2010, certain of our Mortgage Companies entered into an agreement with Freddie Mac under which we made a one-time payment to Freddie Mac for the release of repurchase obligations relating to most of the mortgage loans sold to Freddie Mac prior to January 1, 2009. This agreement does not release obligations of the applicable Mortgage Companies with respect to exposure for private-label mortgage-backed securities in which Freddie Mac had previously invested, loans where Ally Bank is the owner of the servicing, as well as defects in certain other specified categories of loans. Further, the applicable Mortgage Companies continue to be responsible for other contractual obligations we have with Freddie Mac, including all indemnification obligations that may arise in connection with the servicing of the mortgages. The total original unpaid principal balance of loans originated prior to January 1, 2009 and where Ally Bank was the owner of the servicing was $10.9 billion. From January 1, 2009 through September 30, 2011, the amount of losses we have taken on loans that we have repurchased relating to defects where Ally Bank was the owner of the servicing was $95 million. From April 1, 2010 through September 30, 2011, the amount of losses we have taken on loans that we have repurchased relating to defects in the other specified categories was $18 million. These other specified categories include (i) loans subject to certain state predatory lending and similar laws; (ii) groups of 25 or more mortgage loans purchased, originated, or serviced by one of our mortgage subsidiaries, the purchase, origination, or sale of which all involve a common actor who committed fraud; (iii) "non-loan-level" representations and warranties which refer to representations and warranties that do not relate to specific mortgage loans (examples of such non-loan-level representations and warranties include the requirement that our mortgage subsidiaries meet certain standards to be eligible to sell or service loans for Freddie Mac or our mortgage subsidiaries sold or serviced loans for market participants that were not acceptable to Freddie Mac); and (iv) mortgage loans that are ineligible for purchase by Freddie Mac under its charter and other applicable documents. If, however, a mortgage loan was ineligible under Freddie Mac's charter solely because mortgage insurance was rescinded (rather than for example, because the mortgage loan is secured by a commercial property), and Freddie Mac required our mortgage subsidiary to repurchase that loan because of the ineligibility, Freddie Mac would pay our mortgage subsidiary any net loss we suffered on any later liquidation of that mortgage loan.

Certain of our Mortgage Companies received subpoenas in July 2010 from the Federal Housing Finance Agency (the FHFA), which is the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The subpoenas relating to Fannie Mae investments have been withdrawn with prejudice. The FHFA indicated that documents provided in response to the remaining subpoenas will enable the FHFA to determine whether they believe issuers of private-label MBS are potentially liable to Freddie Mac for losses they might have incurred. Although Freddie Mac has not brought any representation and warranty claims against us with respect to private label securities subsequent to the settlement, they may well do so in the future. FHFA has commenced securities and related common law fraud litigation with respect to certain of Freddie Mac's private label securities investments. Refer to Item 1. Legal Proceedings for Additional Information.

On December 23, 2010, certain of our mortgage subsidiaries entered into an agreement with Fannie Mae under which we made a one-time payment to Fannie Mae for the release of repurchase obligations related to most of the mortgage loans we sold to Fannie Mae prior to June 30, 2010. The agreement also covers potential exposure for private-label mortgage-backed securities in which Fannie Mae had previously invested. This agreement does not release the obligations of the applicable Mortgage Companies with respect to loans where Ally Bank is the owner of the servicing, as well as for defects in certain other specified categories of loans. Further, the applicable Mortgage Companies continue to be responsible for other contractual obligations they have with Fannie Mae, including all indemnification obligations that may arise in connection with the servicing of the mortgages, and the applicable Mortgage Companies continue to be obligated to indemnify Fannie Mae for litigation or third party claims (including by borrowers) for matters that may amount to breaches of selling representations and warranties. The total original unpaid principal balance of loans originated prior to January 1, 2009 and where Ally Bank was the owner of the servicing was $24.4 billion. From July 1, 2010 through September 30, 2011, the amount of losses we have taken on loans that we have repurchased relating to defects where Ally Bank was the owner of the servicing was $77 million. From January 1, 2011 through September 30, 2011, the amount of losses we have taken on loans that we have repurchased relating to defects in the other specified categories of loans was $5 million. These other specified categories include, among others, (i) those that violate anti-predatory laws or statutes or related regulations or that otherwise violate other applicable laws and regulations; (ii) those that have non-curable defects in title to the secured property, or that have curable title defects, to the extent our mortgage subsidiaries do not cure such defects at our subsidiary's expense; (iii) any mortgage loan in which title or ownership of the mortgage loan was defective; (iv) groups of 13 or more mortgage loans, the purchase, origination, sale, or servicing of which all involve a common actor who committed fraud; and (v) mortgage loans not in compliance with Fannie Mae Charter Act requirements (e.g., mortgage loans on commercial properties or mortgage loans without required mortgage insurance coverage). If a mortgage loan falls out of compliance with Fannie Mae Charter Act requirements because mortgage insurance coverage has been rescinded and not reinstated or replaced, upon the borrower's default our mortgage subsidiaries would have to pay to Fannie Mae the amount of insurance proceeds that would have been paid by the mortgage insurer with respect to such mortgage loan. If the amount of the loss exceeded the amount of insurance proceeds, Fannie Mae would be responsible for such excess.

Monoline Insurers

Historically, our applicable Mortgage Companies securitized loans where the monolines insured all or some of the related bonds and guaranteed the timely repayment of bond principal and interest when the issuer defaults. Typically, any alleged breach requires the insurer to have both the ability to assert a claim as well as evidence that a defect has had a material and adverse effect on the interest of the security holders or the insurer. For the period 2004 through 2007, our Mortgage Companies sold $42.7 billion of loans into these monoline-wrapped securitizations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our Mortgage Companies received repurchase claims related to $254 million of original unpaid principal balance from the monolines associated with the 2004 through 2007 securitizations. Our Mortgage Companies have resolved repurchase demands through indemnification payments related to $17 million of original unpaid principal balance.

Certain of our Mortgage Companies are currently in litigation with MBIA, and additional litigation with other monolines is likely.

Private-label Securitization

In general, representations and warranties provided as part of our securitization activities are less rigorous than those provided to the GSEs and generally impose higher burdens on parties seeking repurchase. In order to successfully assert a claim, it is our position that a claimant must prove a breach of the representations and warranties that materially and adversely affects the interest of the investor in the allegedly defective loan. Securitization documents typically provide the investors with a right to request that the trustee investigate and initiate a repurchase claim. However, a class of investors generally are required to coordinate with other investors in that class comprising not less than 25%, and in some cases, 50%, of the percentage interest constituting a class of securities of that class issued by the trust to pursue claims for breach of representations and warranties. In addition, our private-label securitizations generally require that the servicer or trustee give notice to the other parties whenever it becomes aware of facts or circumstances that reveal a breach of representation that materially and adversely affects the interest of the certificate holders.

Regarding our securitization activities, certain of our Mortgage Companies have exposure to potential losses primarily through two avenues. First, investors, through trustees to the extent required by the applicable agreements (or monoline insurers in certain transactions), may request pursuant to applicable agreements that the applicable Mortgage Company repurchase loans or make the investor whole for losses incurred if it is determined that the applicable Mortgage Companies violated representations and warranties made at the time of the sale, provided that such violations materially and adversely impacted the interests of the counterparty. Contractual representations and warranties are different based on the specific deal structure and investor. It is our position that litigation of these matters must proceed on a loan by loan basis. This issue is being disputed in various litigation currently pending in the industry. Similarly in dispute as a matter of law is the degree to which claimants will have to prove that the alleged breaches of representations and warranties actually caused the losses they claim to have suffered. Ultimate resolution by courts of these and other legal issues will impact litigation and treatment of non-litigated claims pursuant to similar contractual provisions. Second, investors in securitizations may attempt to achieve rescission of their investments or damages through litigation by claiming that the applicable offering documents were materially deficient. If an investor properly made and proved its allegations, the investor might attempt to claim that damages could include loss of market value on the investment even if there were little or no credit loss in the underlying loans.

 

Whole-loan Sales

In addition to the settlements with the GSEs noted earlier, certain of our Mortgage Companies have settled with several whole-loan investors concerning alleged breaches of underwriting standards. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, certain of our Mortgage Companies have received $62 million of original unpaid principal balance in repurchase claims of which $60 million are associated with the 2004 through 2008 vintages of loans sold to whole-loan investors. Certain of our Mortgage Companies resolved claims related to $65 million of original unpaid principal balance, including settlements, repurchases, or indemnification payments related to $24 million of original unpaid principal balance, and rescinded claims related to $41 million of original unpaid principal balance.

Private Mortgage Insurance

Mortgage insurance is required for certain consumer mortgage loans sold to the GSEs and certain securitization trusts and may have been in place for consumer mortgage loans sold to whole-loan investors. Mortgage insurance is typically required for first-lien consumer mortgage loans having a loan-to-value ratio at origination of greater than 80 percent. Mortgage insurers are, in certain circumstances, permitted to rescind existing mortgage insurance that covers consumer loans if they demonstrate certain loan underwriting requirements have not been met. Upon receipt of a rescission notice, the applicable Mortgage Companies will assess the notice and, if appropriate, refute the notice, or if the notice cannot be refuted, the applicable Mortgage Companies attempt to remedy the defect. In the event the mortgage insurance cannot be reinstated, the applicable Mortgage Companies may be obligated to repurchase the loan or provide an indemnification payment in the event of a loss, subject to contractual limitations. While the applicable Mortgage Companies make every effort to reinstate the mortgage insurance, they have had limited success and as a result, most of these requests result in rescission of the mortgage insurance. At September 30, 2011, the applicable Mortgage Companies have approximately $219 million in original unpaid principal balance of outstanding mortgage insurance rescission notices where we have not received a repurchase demand. However, this unpaid principal amount is not representative of expected future losses.

Private-label Mortgage-backed Securities Litigation, Repurchase Obligations, and Related Claims

Private-label Securities Litigation

There are twenty-two cases relating to various private-label MBS offerings that are currently pending. Plaintiffs in these cases include Cambridge Place Investment Management Inc. (two cases pending in Suffolk County Superior Court, Massachusetts); The Charles Schwab Corporation (case filed in San Francisco County Superior Court, California); Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (case pending in Suffolk County Superior Court, Massachusetts); Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (case pending in Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois); Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis (case pending in Marion County Superior Court, Indiana); Massachusetts Mutual Life Ins. Co. (case pending in federal court in the District of Massachusetts); Allstate Insurance Co., et al. (case pending in Hennepin County District Court, Minnesota); New Jersey Carpenters Health Fund, et al. (a putative class action in which certification has been denied, pending in federal court in the Southern District of New York); West Virginia Investment Management Board (case pending in Kanawha County Circuit Court, West Virginia); Thrivent Financial for Lutherans, et al. (case pending in Hennepin County District Court, Minnesota); Union Central Life Insurance et al. (case pending in federal court in the Southern District of New York); National Credit Union Administration Board (two cases pending in federal court: one in the District of Kansas and one in the Central District of California); The Western and Southern Life Insurance Co., et al. (case pending in Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas, Ohio); Federal Housing Finance Agency (case filed in New York County Supreme Court, New York); IKB Deutsche Industriebank AG, et al. (four cases pending in New York County Supreme Court, New York); Huntington Bancshares Inc. (case pending in Hennepin County District Court, Minnesota); and Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP (case pending in Hennepin County District Court, Minnesota). Each of the above cases includes as defendants certain of our mortgage subsidiaries, and the New Jersey Carpenters, Massachusetts Mutual, Union Central, Western and Southern, Huntington Bancshares, and Stichting Pensioenfonds cases also include as defendants certain current and former employees. The plaintiffs in all cases have alleged that the various defendant subsidiaries made misstatements and omissions in registration statements, prospectuses, prospectus supplements, and other documents related to MBS offerings. The alleged misstatements and omissions typically concern underwriting standards. Plaintiffs claim that such misstatements and omissions constitute violations of state and/or federal securities law and common law including negligent misrepresentation and fraud. Plaintiffs seek monetary damages and rescission.

 

Private-label Monoline Bond Insurer Litigation

There are two additional cases pending in the New York County Supreme Court where MBIA Insurance Corp. (MBIA) has alleged that two of our mortgage subsidiaries breached their contractual representations and warranties relating to the characteristics of the mortgage loans contained in certain insured MBS offerings. MBIA further alleges that our subsidiaries failed to follow certain remedy procedures set forth in the contracts and improperly serviced the mortgage loans. Along with claims for breach of contract, MBIA also alleges fraud. Additional litigation from other monoline bond insurance companies is likely.

Private-label Securitizations — Other Potential Repurchase Obligations

When our Mortgage Companies sell mortgage loans through whole-loan sales or securitizations, these entities are required to make customary representations and warranties about the loans to the purchaser and/or securitization trust. These representations and warranties relate to, among other things, the ownership of the loan, the validity of the lien securing the loan, the loan's compliance with the criteria for inclusion in the transaction, including compliance with underwriting standards or loan criteria established by the buyer, ability to deliver required documentation, and compliance with applicable laws. Generally, the representations and warranties described above may be enforced against the applicable Mortgage Companies at any time over the life of the loan. Breaches of these representations and warranties have resulted in a requirement that the applicable Mortgage Companies repurchase mortgage loans. As the mortgage industry continues to experience higher repurchase requirements and additional investors begin to attempt to put back loans, a significant increase in activity beyond that experienced today could occur, resulting in additional future losses at our Mortgage Companies.

Potential Losses

We believe it is reasonably possible that losses beyond amounts currently reserved for the litigation matters and potential repurchase obligations and related claims described above with respect to our Mortgage Companies could occur, and such losses could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. However, based on currently available information, we are unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible losses above reserves that have been established.