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Financing Receivables, Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables and Supplemental Information On Credit Quality
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Financing Receivables And Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables And Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables

4. FINANCING RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOSSES ON FINANCING RECEIVABLES

          
(In millions)      March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
            
Loans, net of deferred income(a)      $ 226,135 $ 231,268
Investment in financing leases, net of deferred income        26,251   26,939
         252,386   258,207
Allowance for losses        (5,144)   (5,178)
Financing receivables – net(b)      $ 247,242 $ 253,029
            

(a)       Deferred income was $1,714 million and $2,013 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

(b)       Financing receivables at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 included $532 million and $544 million, respectively, relating to loans that had been acquired in a transfer but have been subject to credit deterioration since origination.

 

Financing Receivables by Portfolio and Allowance for Losses

During the first quarter of 2014, we combined our CLL Europe and CLL Asia portfolios into CLL International and we transferred our CLL Other portfolio to the CLL Americas portfolio. Prior-period amounts were reclassified to conform to the current-period presentation. 

 

            
(In millions)      March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
            
Commercial           
CLL           
Americas      $68,367 $69,036
International       46,208  47,431
Total CLL       114,575  116,467
Energy Financial Services       2,753  3,107
GECAS       8,851  9,377
Other       139  318
Total Commercial       126,318  129,269
            
Real Estate       20,236  19,899
            
Consumer           
Non-U.S. residential mortgages       30,355  30,501
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit       13,715  13,677
U.S. installment and revolving credit       52,887  55,854
Non-U.S. auto       1,957  2,054
Other       6,918  6,953
Total Consumer       105,832  109,039
            
Total financing receivables       252,386  258,207
Allowance for losses       (5,144)  (5,178)
Total financing receivables – net      $247,242 $253,029
            

Allowance for Losses on Financing Receivables          
                  
    Provision         
 Balance at charged to    Gross   Balance at
(In millions)January 1 operations Other(a)write-offs(b)Recoveries(b)March 31
2014                 
Commercial                 
CLL                 
Americas$ 473 $ 84 $ (1) $ (156) $ 19 $ 419
International  505   18   2   (100)   24   449
Total CLL  978   102   1   (256)   43   868
Energy Financial Services  8   9   -   (2)   1   16
GECAS  17   8   -   -   -   25
Other  2   -   (2)   -   -   -
Total Commercial  1,005   119   (1)   (258)   44   909
                  
Real Estate  192   (15)   2   (6)   2   175
                  
Consumer                 
Non-U.S. residential mortgages  358   10   5   (46)   9   336
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit  594   71   8   (189)   104   588
U.S. installment and revolving credit  2,823   752   18   (785)   139   2,947
Non-U.S. auto  56   12   2   (23)   14   61
Other  150   21   (17)   (40)   14   128
Total Consumer  3,981   866   16   (1,083)   280   4,060
Total$ 5,178 $ 970 $ 17 $ (1,347) $ 326 $ 5,144

                  
2013                 
Commercial                 
CLL                 
Americas$496 $71 $(1) $(103) $30 $493
International 525  94  (10)  (150)  24  483
Total CLL 1,021  165  (11)  (253)  54  976
Energy Financial Services 9  (1)  0  0  0  8
GECAS 8  (1)  0  0  0  7
Other 3  0  0  (1)  0  2
Total Commercial 1,041  163  (11)  (254)  54  993
                  
Real Estate 320  (20)  (6)  (29)  0  265
                  
Consumer                 
Non-U.S. residential mortgages 480  56  (17)  (55)  12  476
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit 582  180  (14)  (231)  140  657
U.S. installment and revolving credit 2,282  1,014  (50)  (744)  163  2,665
Non-U.S. auto 67  17  (5)  (30)  17  66
Other 172  47  7  (52)  7  181
Total Consumer 3,583  1,314  (79)  (1,112)  339  4,045
Total$4,944 $1,457 $(96) $(1,395) $393 $5,303
                  

(a)       Other primarily includes the effects of currency exchange.

(b)       Net write-offs (gross write-offs less recoveries) in certain portfolios may exceed the beginning allowance for losses as a result of losses that are incurred subsequent to the beginning of the fiscal year due to information becoming available during the current year, which may identify further deterioration on existing financing receivables.

Credit Quality Indicators

We provide further detailed information about the credit quality of our Commercial, Real Estate and Consumer financing receivables portfolios. For each portfolio, we describe the characteristics of the financing receivables and provide information about collateral, payment performance, credit quality indicators, and impairment. We manage these portfolios using delinquency and nonaccrual data as key performance indicators. The categories used within this section such as impaired loans, troubled debt restructuring (TDR) and nonaccrual financing receivables are defined by the authoritative guidance and we base our categorization on the related scope and definitions contained in the related standards. The categories of nonaccrual and delinquent are used in our process for managing our financing receivables.

Past Due and Nonaccrual Financing Receivables

  March 31, 2014  December 31, 2013 
  Over 30 days  Over 90 days     Over 30 days  Over 90 days    
  past due  past due  Nonaccrual  past due  past due  Nonaccrual 
                   
Commercial                  
CLL                  
Americas$ 713 $ 390 $ 1,239 $ 755 $ 359 $ 1,275 
International  1,743   946   1,415   1,490   820   1,459 
Total CLL  2,456   1,336   2,654   2,245   1,179   2,734 
Energy Financial Services  -   -   43   -   -   4 
GECAS  1   -   275   -   -   - 
Other  -   -   -   -   -   6 
Total Commercial  2,457   1,336   2,972(a)  2,245   1,179   2,744(a)
                   
Real Estate  263   207   2,383(b)  247   212   2,551(b)
                   
Consumer                  
Non-U.S. residential mortgages  3,130   2,082   2,140   3,406   2,104   2,161 
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit  533   152   73   512   146   88 
U.S. installment and revolving credit  2,169   1,028   2   2,442   1,105   2 
Non-U.S. auto  93   12   16   89   13   18 
Other  165   89   335   172   99   351 
Total Consumer  6,090   3,363(c)   2,566(d)   6,621   3,467(c)   2,620(d)
                   
Total$ 8,810 $ 4,906 $ 7,921 $ 9,113 $ 4,858 $ 7,915 
Total as a percent of financing receivables  3.5%  1.9%  3.1%  3.5%  1.9%  3.1%
                   

  • Includes $1,596 million and $1,397 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, that are currently paying in accordance with their contractual terms.
  • Includes $2,127 million and $2,308 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, that are currently paying in accordance with their contractual terms.
  • Includes $ 1,150 million and $ 1,197 million of Consumer loans at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, that are over 90 days past due and continue to accrue interest until the accounts are written off in the period that the account becomes 180 days past due.
  • Includes $311 million and $323 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, that are currently paying in accordance with their contractual terms.

Impaired Loans and Related Reserves

 With no specific allowance With a specific allowance
  Recorded Unpaid Average  Recorded Unpaid   Average
 investment principal investment investment principal Associated investment
(In millions)in loans balance in loans in loans balance allowance in loans
                     
March 31, 2014                    
                     
Commercial                    
CLL                    
     Americas$ 1,792 $ 2,385 $ 1,731 $ 257 $ 354 $ 49 $ 337
International(a)  1,214   2,072   1,159   602   918   169   647
Total CLL  3,006   4,457   2,890   859   1,272   218   984
Energy Financial Services  18   18   9   26   26   3   15
GECAS  -   -   -   65   65   8   32
Other  -   -   1   -   -   -   2
Total Commercial(b)  3,024   4,475   2,900   950   1,363   229   1,033
                     
Real Estate(c)  2,925   3,448   2,770   737   871   53   991
                     
Consumer(d)  132   169   120   2,836   2,854   560   2,857
Total$ 6,081 $ 8,092 $ 5,790 $ 4,523 $ 5,088 $ 842 $ 4,881
                     

December 31, 2013                    
                     
Commercial                    
CLL                    
Americas$ 1,670 $ 2,187 $ 2,154 $ 417 $ 505 $ 96 $ 509
International(a)  1,104   1,938   1,136   691   1,046   231   629
Total CLL  2,774   4,125   3,290   1,108   1,551   327   1,138
Energy Financial Services  -   -   -   4   4   1   2
GECAS  -   -   -   -   -   -   1
Other  2   3   9   4   4   -   5
Total Commercial(b)  2,776   4,128   3,299   1,116   1,559   328   1,146
                     
Real Estate(c)  2,615   3,036   3,058   1,245   1,507   74   1,688
                     
Consumer(d)  109   153   98   2,879   2,948   567   3,058
                     
Total$ 5,500 $ 7,317 $ 6,455 $ 5,240 $ 6,014 $ 969 $ 5,892
                     

  • Write-offs to net realizable value are recognized against the allowance for losses primarily in the reporting period in which management has deemed all or a portion of the financing receivable to be uncollectible, but not later than 360 days after initial recognition of a specific reserve for a collateral dependent loan. However, in accordance with regulatory standards that are applicable in Italy, commercial loans are considered uncollectible when there is demonstrable evidence of the debtor's insolvency, which may result in write-offs occurring beyond 360 days after initial recognition of a specific reserve.

(b)       We recognized $57 million, $218 million and $53 million of interest income, including none, $60 million and $16 million on a cash basis, in the three months ended March 31, 2014, the year ended December 31, 2013 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively, principally in our CLL Americas business. The total average investment in impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 was $3,933 million and $4,445 million, respectively.

(c)       We recognized $19 million, $187 million and $57 million of interest income, including none, $135 million and $44 million on a cash basis, in the three months ended March 31, 2014, the year ended December 31, 2013 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively. The total average investment in impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 was $3,761 million and $4,746 million, respectively.

(d)       We recognized $46 million, $221 million and $57 million of interest income, including an insignificant amount, $3 million and $1 million on a cash basis, in the three months ended March 31, 2014, the year ended December 31, 2013 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively, principally in our Consumer U.S. installment and revolving credit portfolios. The total average investment in impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 was $2,977 million and $3,156 million, respectively.

 

            
(In millions) Non-impaired financing receivables  General reserves  Impaired loans  Specific reserves
            
March 31, 2014           
            
Commercial$ 122,344 $ 680 $ 3,974 $ 229
Real Estate  16,574   122   3,662   53
Consumer  102,864   3,500   2,968   560
Total$ 241,782 $ 4,302 $ 10,604 $ 842
            
December 31, 2013           
            
Commercial$ 125,377 $ 677 $ 3,892 $ 328
Real Estate  16,039   118   3,860   74
Consumer  106,051   3,414   2,988   567
Total$ 247,467 $ 4,209 $ 10,740 $ 969
            

Impaired loans classified as TDRs in our CLL business were $2,916 million and $2,961 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and were primarily attributable to CLL Americas ($1,676 million and $1,770 million, respectively). For the three months ended March 31, 2014, we modified $295 million of loans classified as TDRs, primarily in CLL Americas ($176 million). Changes to these loans primarily included extensions, interest only payment periods, debt to equity exchange and forbearance or other actions, which are in addition to, or sometimes in lieu of, fees and rate increases. Of our $1,391 million and $2,555 million of modifications classified as TDRs in the twelve months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, $19 million and $44 million have subsequently experienced a payment default in the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Real Estate TDRs decreased from $3,625 million at December 31, 2013 to $3,470 million at March 31, 2014, primarily driven by resolution of TDRs through paydowns. We deem loan modifications to be TDRs when we have granted a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty and we do not receive adequate compensation in the form of an effective interest rate that is at current market rates of interest given the risk characteristics of the loan or other consideration that compensates us for the value of the concession. The limited liquidity and higher return requirements in the real estate market for loans with higher loan-to-value (LTV) ratios has typically resulted in the conclusion that the modified terms are not at current market rates of interest, even if the modified loans are expected to be fully recoverable. For the three months ended March 31, 2014, we modified $369 million of loans classified as TDRs. Changes to these loans primarily included forbearance, maturity extensions and changes to collateral or covenant terms or other actions, which are in addition to, or sometimes in lieu of, fees and rate increases. Of our $1,636 million and $3,611 million of modifications classified as TDRs in the twelve months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, $20 million and $174 million have subsequently experienced a payment default in the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Impaired loans in our Consumer business represent restructured smaller balance homogeneous loans meeting the definition of a TDR, and are therefore subject to the disclosure requirement for impaired loans, and commercial loans in our Consumer–Other portfolio. The recorded investment of these impaired loans totaled $2,968 million (with an unpaid principal balance of $3,023 million) and comprised $132 million with no specific allowance, primarily all in our Consumer–Other portfolio, and $2,836 million with a specific allowance of $560 million at March 31, 2014. The impaired loans with a specific allowance included $239 million with a specific allowance of $33 million in our Consumer–Other portfolio and $2,597 million with a specific allowance of $527 million across the remaining Consumer business and had an unpaid principal balance and average investment of $2,854 million and $2,857 million, respectively, at March 31, 2014.

 

Impaired loans classified as TDRs in our Consumer business were $2,839 million and $2,874 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. We utilize certain loan modification programs for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties in our Consumer loan portfolio. These loan modification programs primarily include interest rate reductions and payment deferrals in excess of three months, which were not part of the terms of the original contract, and are primarily concentrated in our non-U.S. residential mortgage and U.S. credit card portfolios. For the three months ended March 31, 2014, we modified $296 million of consumer loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties, which are classified as TDRs, and included $179 million of non-U.S. consumer loans, primarily residential mortgages, credit cards and personal loans and $117 million of U.S. consumer loans, primarily credit cards. We expect borrowers whose loans have been modified under these programs to continue to be able to meet their contractual obligations upon the conclusion of the modification. Of our $1,339 million and $1,647 million of modifications classified as TDRs in the twelve months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, $57 million and $100 million have subsequently experienced a payment default in the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Supplemental Credit Quality Information

Commercial

Substantially all of our Commercial financing receivables portfolio is secured lending and we assess the overall quality of the portfolio based on the potential risk of loss measure. The metric incorporates both the borrower's credit quality along with any related collateral protection.

 

Our internal risk ratings process is an important source of information in determining our allowance for losses and represents a comprehensive, statistically validated approach to evaluate risk in our financing receivables portfolios. In deriving our internal risk ratings, we stratify our Commercial portfolios into 21 categories of default risk and/or six categories of loss given default to group into three categories: A, B and C. Our process starts by developing an internal risk rating for our borrowers, which is based upon our proprietary models using data derived from borrower financial statements, agency ratings, payment history information, equity prices and other commercial borrower characteristics. We then evaluate the potential risk of loss for the specific lending transaction in the event of borrower default, which takes into account such factors as applicable collateral value, historical loss and recovery rates for similar transactions, and our collection capabilities. Our internal risk ratings process and the models we use are subject to regular monitoring and validation controls. The frequency of rating updates is set by our credit risk policy, which requires annual Risk Committee approval. The models are updated on a regular basis and statistically validated annually, or more frequently as circumstances warrant.

 

As described above, financing receivables are assigned one of 21 risk ratings based on our process and then these are grouped by similar characteristics into three categories in the table below. Category A is characterized by either high-credit-quality borrowers or transactions with significant collateral coverage that substantially reduces or eliminates the risk of loss in the event of borrower default. Category B is characterized by borrowers with weaker credit quality than those in Category A, or transactions with moderately strong collateral coverage that minimizes but may not fully mitigate the risk of loss in the event of default. Category C is characterized by borrowers with higher levels of default risk relative to our overall portfolio or transactions where collateral coverage may not fully mitigate a loss in the event of default.

 

Commercial Financing Receivables by Risk Category

 Secured
(In millions)A B C Total
            
March 31, 2014           
            
CLL           
   Americas$ 65,126 $ 1,348 $ 1,538 $ 68,012
 International  43,537   565   1,439   45,541
Total CLL  108,663   1,913   2,977   113,553
            
Energy Financial Services  2,616   62   44   2,722
            
GECAS  8,582   55   214   8,851
            
Other  139   -   -   139
Total$ 120,000 $ 2,030 $ 3,235 $ 125,265
            
December 31, 2013           
            
CLL           
   Americas$ 65,545 $ 1,587 $ 1,554 $ 68,686
International  44,930   619   1,237   46,786
Total CLL  110,475   2,206   2,791   115,472
            
Energy Financial Services  2,969   9   -   2,978
            
GECAS  9,175   50   152   9,377
            
Other  318   -   -   318
Total$ 122,937 $ 2,265 $ 2,943 $ 128,145
            

For our secured financing receivables portfolio, our collateral position and ability to work out problem accounts mitigates our losses. Our asset managers have deep industry expertise that enables us to identify the optimum approach to default situations. We price risk premiums for weaker credits at origination, closely monitor changes in creditworthiness through our risk ratings and watch list process, and are engaged early with deteriorating credits to minimize economic loss. Secured financing receivables within risk Category C are predominantly in our CLL businesses and are primarily composed of senior term lending facilities and factoring programs secured by various asset types including inventory, accounts receivable, cash, equipment and related business facilities as well as franchise finance activities secured by underlying equipment.

 

Loans within Category C are reviewed and monitored regularly, and classified as impaired when it is probable that they will not pay in accordance with contractual terms. Our internal risk rating process identifies credits warranting closer monitoring; and as such, these loans are not necessarily classified as nonaccrual or impaired.

 

Our unsecured Commercial financing receivables portfolio is primarily attributable to our Interbanca S.p.A. and GE Sanyo Credit acquisitions in CLL International. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, these financing receivables included $371 million and $313 million rated A, $400 million and $580 million rated B, and $282 million and $231 million rated C, respectively.

Real Estate

Due to the primarily non-recourse nature of our Debt portfolio, loan-to-value ratios (the ratio of the outstanding debt on a property to the re-indexed value of that property) provide the best indicators of the credit quality of the portfolio.

 Loan-to-value ratio
 March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
 Less than 80% to Greater than Less than 80% to Greater than
(In millions)80% 95% 95% 80% 95% 95%
                  
Debt$15,974 $1,512 $1,754 $15,576 $1,300 $2,111
                  

The credit quality of the owner occupied/credit tenant portfolio is primarily influenced by the strength of the borrower's general credit quality, which is reflected in our internal risk rating process, consistent with the process we use for our Commercial portfolio. As of March 31, 2014, the balances of our owner occupied/credit tenant portfolio with an internal risk rating of A, B and C approximated $638 million, $201 million and $157 million, respectively, as compared to the December 31, 2013, balances of $571 million, $179 million and $162 million, respectively.

 

The financing receivables within our Debt portfolio are primarily concentrated in our North American and European Lending platforms and are secured by various property types. A substantial majority of our Debt financing receivables with loan-to-value ratios greater than 95% are paying in accordance with contractual terms. Substantially all of these loans and the majority of our owner occupied/credit tenant financing receivables included in Category C are impaired loans that are subject to the specific reserve evaluation process. The ultimate recoverability of impaired loans is driven by collection strategies that do not necessarily depend on the sale of the underlying collateral and include full or partial repayments through third-party refinancing and restructurings.

 

Consumer

 

At March 31, 2014, our U.S. consumer financing receivables included private-label credit card and sales financing for approximately 57 million customers across the U.S. with no metropolitan area accounting for more than 6% of the portfolio. Of the total U.S. consumer financing receivables, approximately 66% relate to credit card loans that are often subject to profit and loss sharing arrangements with the retailer (which are recorded in revenues), and the remaining 34% are sales finance receivables that provide financing to customers in areas such as electronics, recreation, medical and home improvement.

 

Our Consumer financing receivables portfolio comprises both secured and unsecured lending. Secured financing receivables comprise residential loans and lending to small and medium-sized enterprises predominantly secured by auto and equipment, inventory finance, and cash flow loans. Unsecured financing receivables include private-label credit card financing. A substantial majority of these cards are not for general use and are limited to the products and services sold by the retailer. The private-label portfolio is diverse with no metropolitan area accounting for more than 5% of the related portfolio.

 

Non-U.S. residential mortgages

For our secured non-U.S. residential mortgage book, we assess the overall credit quality of the portfolio through loan-to-value ratios (the ratio of the outstanding debt on a property to the value of that property at origination). In the event of default and repossession of the underlying collateral, we have the ability to remarket and sell the properties to eliminate or mitigate the potential risk of loss.

 

  Loan-to-value ratio
 March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
 80% or Greater than Greater than 80% or Greater than Greater than
(In millions)less 80% to 90% 90% less 80% to 90% 90%
                  
Non-U.S. residential mortgages$17,148 $5,098 $8,109 $17,224 $5,130 $8,147
                  

The majority of these financing receivables are in our U.K. and France portfolios and have re-indexed loan-to-value ratios of 74% and 56%, respectively. Re-indexed loan-to-value ratios may not reflect actual realizable values of future repossessions. We have third-party mortgage insurance for about 22% of the balance of Consumer non-U.S. residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios greater than 90% at March 31, 2014. Such loans were primarily originated in France and the U.K.

 

Installment and Revolving Credit

For our unsecured lending products, including the non-U.S. and U.S. installment and revolving credit and non-U.S. auto portfolios, we assess overall credit quality using internal and external credit scores. Our internal credit scores imply a probability of default that we consistently translate into three approximate credit bureau equivalent credit score categories, including (a) 671 or higher, which are considered the strongest credits; (b) 626 to 670, which are considered moderate credit risk; and (c) 625 or less, which are considered weaker credits.

  Internal ratings translated to approximate credit bureau equivalent score
 March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
 671 or 626 to 625 or 671 or 626 to 625 or
(In millions)higher 670 less higher 670 less
                  
Non-U.S. installment and                 
    revolving credit$8,033 $3,117 $2,565 $8,310 $2,855 $2,512
U.S. installment and                 
    revolving credit 34,388  10,817  7,682  36,723  11,101  8,030
Non-U.S. auto 1,338  344  275  1,395  373  286
                  

Installment and revolving credit accounts with credit bureau equivalent scores of 625 or less have an average outstanding balance less than one thousand U.S. dollars and are primarily concentrated in our retail card and sales finance receivables in the U.S. and closed-end loans outside the U.S., which minimizes the potential for loss in the event of default. For lower credit scores, we adequately price for the incremental risk at origination and monitor credit migration through our risk ratings process. We continuously adjust our credit line underwriting management and collection strategies based on customer behavior and risk profile changes.

 

Consumer – Other

We develop our internal risk ratings for this portfolio in a manner consistent with the process used to develop our Commercial credit quality indicators, described above. We use the borrower's credit quality and underlying collateral strength to determine the potential risk of loss from these activities.

 

At March 31, 2014, Consumer – Other financing receivables of $6,013 million, $401 million and $504 million were rated A, B, and C, respectively. At December 31, 2013, Consumer – Other financing receivables of $6,137 million, $315 million and $501 million were rated A, B, and C, respectively.