Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Components of Deferred tax Assets and Liabilities

The following table shows the significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets as of December 31 (in millions):


	2023		2022
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Book/tax basis difference due to depreciation	$	1,263.5	$	1,157.4
Right-of-use assets	52.9		61.1
Investments in affiliated companies	16.8		25.4
Lease accounting	17.2		27.5
Intangible amortization	1.7		1.8
Other	4.5		4.1
Total deferred tax liabilities	$	1,356.6	$	1,277.3
Deferred Tax Assets
Lease liability	$	56.6	$	64.8
Federal net operating loss	75.0		83.8

Foreign tax credit	0.8		0.8
Valuation allowance on foreign tax credit	(0.8)		(0.8)
Federal interest limitation carryforward	77.3		38.9
State net operating loss	40.1		43.1
Valuation allowance on state net operating loss	(20.3)		(22.7)
State interest limitation carryforward	13.0		4.7
Foreign net operating loss	4.1		0.3

Accruals not currently deductible for tax purposes	21.0		18.3
Allowance for losses	1.0		1.0
Pension and post-retirement benefits	5.8		8.2
Other	1.9		5.4
Total deferred tax assets	$	275.5	$	245.8
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	1,081.1	$	1,031.5

Income before income taxes

The following table shows the components of income before income taxes, excluding affiliates, for the years ended December 31 (in millions):


	2023		2022		2021
Income before Income Taxes
Domestic	$	82.9	$	55.8	$	40.9
Foreign	162.6		121.3		154.2
Total	$	245.5	$	177.1	$	195.1

Consolidated federal income taxes

The following table shows income taxes, excluding domestic and foreign affiliates, for the years ended December 31 (in millions):


	2023		2022		2021
Income Tax Expense
Current
Domestic:
Federal	$	2.9	$	0.2	$	0.1
State and local	0.2		—		0.3
	$	3.1	$	0.2	$	0.4
Foreign	17.3		18.3		18.6
Total Current	$	20.4	$	18.5	$	19.0
Deferred
Domestic:
Federal	$	13.5	$	11.1	$	6.7
State and local	(1.8)		2.7		3.0
	$	11.7	$	13.8	$	9.7
Foreign	26.6		22.5		24.5
Total Deferred	$	38.3	$	36.3	$	34.2
Income taxes	$	58.7	$	54.8	$	53.2

Summary of reasons for difference between GATX's effective income tax rate and federal statutory income tax

The following table is a reconciliation between the federal statutory income tax rate and our effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31 (in millions):


	2023			2022			2021
Income taxes at federal statutory rate	$	51.6		$	37.2		$	41.0
Adjust for effect of:

Foreign earnings taxed at applicable statutory rates	9.8			18.0			10.2
Foreign deferred tax rate change impact	—			(2.9)			(0.3)

Nondeductible compensation	2.7			2.6			1.9
Share-based compensation	(1.7)			(2.3)			(3.5)
State income taxes	3.7			2.6			1.9
State income tax rate change impact	(3.0)			(8.3)			—
State net operating loss valuation allowance	(2.3)			9.9			1.0
Other	(2.1)			(2.0)			1.0





Income taxes	$	58.7		$	54.8		$	53.2
Effective income tax rate	23.9		%	30.9		%	27.3		%