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Accounting Changes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]  
Accounting Changes

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
Standard/Description
Effective Date and Adoption Considerations
Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. Subsequently, the FASB has issued updates which provide additional implementation guidance. The new guidance requires companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.


We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2018 applying the modified retrospective approach.


We have completed our review of all revenue sources in scope for the new standard, and marine operating revenue is our largest component. In accordance with the new standard, the basis for determining revenue and expenses allocable to in-process shipments has been modified; however, the impact does not have a material impact on our financial statements. The net cumulative effect adjustment for this change was immaterial to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018.
Financial Instruments

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01,
Financial Instruments - Overall (Topic 825): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which modifies the accounting and reporting requirements for certain equity securities and financial liabilities.


We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2018.


The application of this new guidance did not impact our financial statements or related disclosures.
Income Taxes

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which modifies how an entity will recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset when the transfer occurs.


We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2018, applying the modified retrospective method.


The application of this new guidance had an immaterial impact on our financial statements and related disclosures, including the net cumulative effect adjustment recorded in retained earnings as of January 1, 2018.
Compensation

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, which modifies how an entity must present service costs and other components of net benefit cost.


We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2018, applying the retrospective method. The optional practical expedient was elected.


Application of the new guidance had an immaterial impact on the presentation of our financial statements as certain components of our net periodic pension and other post-retirement benefits costs were reclassified to an alternative income statement line.
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted (Continued)
Standard/Description
Effective Date and Adoption Considerations
Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Deferred Income Tax

In Decem
ber 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-15, Codification Improvements to Topic 995, U.S. Steamship Entities, which supersedes obsolete guidance in Topic 995 on unrecognized deferred taxes related to certain statutory reserve deposits. If an entity has unrecognized deferred income taxes related to statutory deposits made on or before December 15, 1992, the entity would be required to recognize the unrecognized income taxes in accordance with Topic 740.


We elected to early adopt this new guidance in the first quarter of 2018, applying the modified retrospective method.


The application of this new guidance had an immaterial impact on our financial statements and related disclosures, including the net cumulative effect adjustment recorded in retained earnings as of January 1, 2018.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02,
Income Statement Reporting - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which permits reclassification of certain stranded tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to Retained Earnings. The amount of the reclassification is calculated on the basis of the difference between the historical and newly enacted tax rates recorded for the applicable AOCI components.


We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2018.


The application of this new guidance resulted in the reclassification of stranded tax effects resulting from the newly enacted Tax Act of $19.4 million from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to Retained Earnings.
























New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Standard/Description
Effective Date and Adoption Considerations
Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02,
Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes most current lease guidance. The FASB subsequently issued ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, and ASU 2018-20, Lease (Topic 842), for codification and targeted improvements to the standard. The new guidance requires companies to recognize most leases on the balance sheet and modifies accounting, presentation, and disclosure for both lessors and lessees.


The new guidance is effective for us in the first quarter of 2019 with early adoption permitted.

We will adopt this guidance on January 1, 2019, using a modified retrospective transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption. Comparative periods will not be restated.

We will elect the package of practical expedients related to whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs. We will also elect the practical expedient that allows lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components.


The adoption of this new standard will require us to recognize right of use assets and lease liabilities on our balance sheet attributable to operating leases for railcars, offices, and certain equipment. We estimate this will result in the recognition of right of use assets and lease liabilities of approximately $470 million and $480 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.

The adoption of this new standard also requires us to eliminate deferred gains associated with our railcar sale-leaseback financing arrangements, and we will record a one-time increase to equity of approximately $40 million. Elimination of these deferred gains will increase reported operating lease expense going forward. In 2019, we expect this impact to be approximately $4.0 million.

We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have an impact on our cash flows.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted (Continued)
Standard/Description
Effective Date and Adoption Considerations
Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which modifies how entities will measure credit losses.


The new guidance is effective for us in the first quarter of 2020, with early adoption permitted.


We are evaluating the effect the new guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.
Derivatives and Hedging

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness.


The update to the standard is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2019, with early adoption permitted in any interim period.

We plan to adopt this standard January 1, 2019.


We do not expect the new guidance to have a significant impact on our financial statements or related disclosures.
Compensation
 
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07,
Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which modifies the accounting for nonemployee share-based payments.


The new guidance is effective for us in the first quarter of 2019, with early adoption permitted in any interim period.

We plan to adopt this standard January 1, 2019.


We do not expect the new guidance to have a significant impact on our financial statements or related disclosures.