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Note 6 - Accounting for Share-based Compensation
6 Months Ended
Jun. 01, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]
Note
6:
Accounting for Share-Based Compensation
 
Overview
 
 
We have various share-based compensation programs, which provide for equity awards including non-qualified stock options, restricted stock shares, restricted stock units, performance awards and deferred compensation. These equity awards fall under several plans and are described in detail in our Annual Report on Form
10
-K for the year ended
December 1, 2018.
 
Grant-Date Fair Value
 
 
We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of an award. The fair value of options granted during the
three
and
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was calculated using the following weighted average assumptions:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 1, 2019
 
June 2, 2018
 
June 1, 2019
 
June 2, 2018
 
Expected life (in years)
4.75
 
4.75
 
4.75
 
4.75
 
Weighted-average expected volatility
24.70%
 
23.56%
 
24.26%
 
23.30%
 
Expected volatility
24.39%
-
24.76%
 
23.42%
-
23.58%
 
24.25%
-
24.76%
 
23.18%
-
23.58%
 
Risk-free interest rate
2.17%
-
2.31%
 
2.54%
-
2.90%
 
2.17%
-
2.55%
 
2.38%
-
2.90%
 
Weighted-average expected dividend yield
1.42%
 
1.21%
 
1.40%
 
1.14%
 
Expected dividend yield range
1.26%
-
1.45%
 
1.21%
-
1.24%
 
1.26%
-
1.45%
 
1.12%
-
1.24%
 
Weighted-average fair value of grants
$9.49
 
$11.35
 
$9.80
 
$11.37
 
 
Expected life – We use historical employee exercise and option expiration data to estimate the expected life assumption for the Black-Scholes grant-date valuation. We believe that this historical data is currently the best estimate of the expected term of a new option. We use a weighted-average expected life for all awards.
 
Expected volatility – Volatility is calculated using our stock’s historical volatility for the same period of time as the expected life. We have
no
reason to believe that our future volatility will differ materially from historical volatility.
 
Risk-free interest rate – The rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant for the same period of time as the expected life.
 
Expected dividend yield – The calculation is based on the total expected annual dividend payout divided by the average stock price.
 
Expense
 
We use the straight-line attribution method to recognize share-based compensation expense for option awards, restricted stock shares and restricted stock units with graded and cliff vesting. Incentive stock options and performance awards are based on certain performance-based metrics and the expense is adjusted quarterly, based on our projections of the achievement of those metrics. The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized during a period is based on the value of the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. The expense is recognized over the requisite service period, which for us is the period between the grant-date and the earlier of the award’s stated vesting term or the date the employee is eligible for early vesting based on the terms of the plans.
 
Total share-based compensation expense was
$8,266
and
$4,848
for the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018,
respectively and
$14,172
and
$10,434
for the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018,
respectively. All share-based compensation expense was recorded as selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense.
 
As of
June 1, 2019,
there was
$10,059
of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock option awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of
1.2
years. Unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested restricted stock units was
$12,458,
which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of
1.2
years.
 
Stock Option Activity
 
The stock option activity for the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
is presented below:
 
   
 
 
 
 
Average
 
   
Options
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding at December 1, 2018
   
4,466,106
    $
44.72
 
Granted
   
960,774
     
45.47
 
Exercised
   
(65,637
)    
27.98
 
Forfeited or cancelled
   
(13,632
)    
47.37
 
Outstanding at June 1, 2019
   
5,347,611
    $
45.05
 
 
The fair value of options granted during the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$83
and
$1,392,
respectively. Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$471
and
$1,172,
respectively. Intrinsic value is the difference between our closing stock price on the respective trading day and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of options exercised. The fair value of options granted during the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$9,413
and
$9,037,
respectively. Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$1,382
and
$1,811,
respectively.
 
Proceeds received from option exercises during the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
were
$771
 and
$1,625,
respectively and
$1,837
and
$2,387
during the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018.
 
Restricted Stock Activity
 
The nonvested restricted stock activity for the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
is presented below:
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
   
Average
 
   
 
 
 
 
Average
   
Remaining
 
   
 
 
 
 
Grant
   
Contractual
 
   
 
 
 
 
Date Fair
   
Life
 
   
Units
   
Value
   
(in Years)
 
Nonvested at December 1, 2018
   
414,353
    $
47.45
     
1.0
 
Granted
   
273,090
     
44.55
     
2.6
 
Vested
   
(182,427
)    
45.39
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
(22,629
)    
44.87
     
0.4
 
Nonvested at June 1, 2019
   
482,387
    $
46.71
     
1.1
 
 
Total fair value of restricted stock vested during the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$435
and
$577,
respectively. Total fair value of restricted stock vested during the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018
was
$8,281
and
$8,477,
respectively. The total fair value of nonvested restricted stock at
June 1, 2019
was
$22,531.
 
We repurchased
2,746
and
3,645
restricted stock shares during the
three
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018,
respectively, and repurchased
60,666
and
66,936
restricted stock shares during the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
and
June 2, 2018,
respectively, related to statutory minimum tax withholding. 
 
Deferred Compensation Activity
 
We have a Directors’ Deferred Compensation plan that allows non-employee directors to defer all or a portion of their directors’ compensation in a number of investment choices, including units representing shares of our common stock. We also have a Key Employee Deferred Compensation Plan that allows key employees to defer a portion of their eligible compensation in a number of investment choices, including units, representing shares of our common stock. We provide a
10
percent match on deferred compensation invested into units, representing shares of our common stock. The deferred compensation unit activity for the
six
months ended
June 1, 2019
is presented below:
 
   
Non-employee
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Directors
   
Employees
   
Total
 
Units outstanding December 1, 2018
   
479,787
     
29,735
     
509,522
 
Participant contributions
   
10,874
     
6,649
     
17,523
 
Company match contributions
   
1,087
     
665
     
1,752
 
Payouts
   
-
     
(4,507
)    
(4,507
)
Units outstanding June 1, 2019
   
491,748
     
32,542
     
524,290
 
 
Deferred compensation units are fully vested at the date of contribution.