UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 2, 2017

OR

[  ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission file number: 001-09225

H.B. FULLER COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Minnesota	41-0268370
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
1200 Willow Lake Boulevard, St. Paul, Minnesota	55110-5101
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (651) 236-5900
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share	New York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights	New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: none

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. [  ] Yes [X] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to the Form 10-K. [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” or “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer [X]                                                                                                                       Accelerated filer [  ]

Non-accelerated filer [  ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)                                              Smaller reporting company [  ]

Emerging growth company [  ]

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     [  ] Yes [X] No

The aggregate market value of the Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share, held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 3, 2017 was approximately $2,621,584,525 (based on the closing price of such stock as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange of $52.24 on such date).

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share, was 50,425,567 as of January 23, 2018.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III incorporates information by reference to portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 12, 2018.

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H.B. FULLER COMPANY

2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K

Table of Contents

PART I
Item 1.	Business	3
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	7
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	12
Item 2.	Properties	13
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	14
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	15
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	16
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	17
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	38
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	40
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	92
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	92
Item 9B.	Other Information	93
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	93
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	93
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	93
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence	93
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	93
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	94
	Signatures	98

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PART I

Item 1. Business

H.B. Fuller Company was founded in 1887 and incorporated as a Minnesota corporation in 1915. Our stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol FUL. As used herein, “H.B. Fuller”, “we”, “us”, “our”, “management” or “company” includes H.B. Fuller and its subsidiaries unless otherwise indicated. Where we refer to 2017, 2016 and 2015 herein, the reference is to our fiscal years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015, respectively.

We are a leading worldwide formulator, manufacturer and marketer of adhesives, sealants and other specialty chemical products. Sales operations span 37 countries in North America, Europe, Latin America, the Asia Pacific region, India, the Middle East and Africa. Industrial adhesives represent our core product offering. Customers use our adhesives products in manufacturing common consumer and industrial goods, including food and beverage containers, disposable diapers, windows, doors, flooring, roofing, appliances, sportswear, footwear, multi-wall bags, water filtration products, insulation, textiles, automotives, recreational vehicles, bus, truck and trailer, marine, solar energy systems, electronics and aerospace and defense. Our adhesives help improve the performance of our customers’ products or improve their manufacturing processes. We also provide our customers with technical support and unique solutions designed to address their specific needs. In addition, we have established a variety of product offerings for residential construction markets, such as tile-setting adhesives, grout, sealants and related products.

Recent Acquisitions

Adecol

On November 1, 2017, we acquired Adecol Industria Quimica, Limitada (“Adecol”) headquartered in Guarulhos, Brazil. Adecol works with customers to develop innovative, high-quality hot melt, reactive and polymer-based adhesive solutions in the packaging, converting and durable assembly markets. The acquisition is expected to enhance our business in Brazil by partnering with customers to produce new and better consumer and durable goods products in this region. The purchase price of $44.7 million was funded through existing cash and is reported in our Americas Adhesives operating segment.

Royal Adhesives

On October 20, 2017, we acquired Royal Adhesives and Sealants (“Royal Adhesives”) a manufacturer of high-value specialty adhesives and sealants. Royal Adhesives is a supplier of industrial adhesives in a diverse set of end markets, including aerospace, transportation, commercial roofing, insulating glass, solar, packaging and flooring applications and operates 19 manufacturing facilities in five countries. The acquisition is expected to expand our presence in North America, Europe and China and add new technology and packaging capabilities. The purchase price of $1,622.7 million was funded through new debt financing. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our debt financing. Royal Adhesives is reported as a separate operating segment for the year ended December 2, 2017.

Wisdom Adhesives

On January 27, 2017, we acquired substantially all of the assets of H.E. Wisdom & Sons, Inc. and its affiliate Wisdom Adhesives Southeast, L.L.C., (“Wisdom Adhesives”) headquartered in Elgin, Illinois. Wisdom Adhesives is a provider of adhesives for the packaging, paper converting and durable assembly markets. The acquisition is expected to strengthen our position in the North America adhesives market. The purchase price of $123.5 million was financed through borrowings on our revolving credit facility and is reported in our Americas Adhesives operating segment.

Operating Segment Information

Our business is reported in six operating segments: Americas Adhesives, EIMEA (Europe, India, Middle East and Africa), Asia Pacific, Construction Products, Engineering Adhesives and Royal Adhesives. In fiscal 2017, as a percentage of total net revenue by operating segment, Americas Adhesives was 39 percent, EIMEA was 24 percent, Asia Pacific was 11 percent, Construction Products was 10 percent, Engineering Adhesives was 13 percent and Royal Adhesives was 3 percent. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our operating segments.

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Our Americas Adhesives, EIMEA and Asia Pacific operating segments produce and supply industrial adhesives products for applications in various markets, including durable assembly (appliances and filters), packaging (food and beverage containers, flexible packaging, consumer goods, package integrity and re-enforcement, and durable and non-durable goods), converting (corrugation, folding carton, tape and label, paper converting, envelopes, books, multi-wall bags, sacks, and tissue and towel), nonwoven and hygiene (disposable diapers, feminine care and medical garments), performance wood (windows, doors and wood flooring) and textile (footwear and sportswear).

The Americas Adhesives, EIMEA and Asia Pacific operating segments include a full range of specialty adhesives such as thermoplastic, thermoset, reactive, water-based and solvent-based products. Sales are made through both a direct sales force and distributors.

The Construction Products operating segment includes products used for tile setting (adhesives, grouts, mortars, sealers and levelers) and heating, ventilation and air conditioning and insulation applications (duct sealants, weather barriers and fungicidal coatings and block fillers). Construction Products sales are made primarily through distributors, wholesalers, big box retailers and a direct sales force. This operating segment also includes caulks and sealants for the consumer market and professional trade, sold through retailers, primarily in Australia.

The Engineering Adhesives operating segment produces and supplies high performance industrial adhesives to the transportation, electronics, medical, clean energy, appliance and heavy machinery markets. Engineering Adhesives sales are made through both a direct sales force and distributors.

The Royal Adhesives operating segment produces and supplies specialty adhesives, sealants, coatings, polymers, tapes, encapsulants and additives for use in a wide range of commercial, industrial and institutional applications. The products are sold into five primary market sectors: transportation, assembly and construction; commercial roofing; insulating glass; flooring and carpet; and textile, paper, printing and packaging. These products are also used in a variety of secondary markets including aerospace and defense, automotive, recreational vehicle, bus, truck and trailer, marine, assembly, electrical/electronic, filter, printing, flexible packaging, laminating, graphic arts, solar/renewable energy, personal care, home furnishings, roofing and flooring. Sales are made through both a direct sales force and distributors.

Financial information with respect to our operating segments and geographic areas is set forth in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Non-U.S. Operations

The principal markets, products and methods of distribution outside the United States vary with each of our regional operations generally maintaining integrated business units that contain dedicated supplier networks, manufacturing, logistics and sales organizations. The vast majority of the products sold within any region are produced within the region, and the respective regions do not import significant amounts of product from other regions. At the end of 2017, we had sales offices and manufacturing plants in 21 countries outside the United States and satellite sales offices in another 15 countries.

We have detailed Code of Conduct policies that we apply across all of our operations around the world.  These policies represent a set of common values that apply to all employees and all of our business dealings. We have adopted policies and processes, and conduct employee training, all of which are intended to ensure compliance with various economic sanctions and export controls, including the regulations of the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”). We do not conduct any business in the following countries that are subject to U.S. economic sanctions: Cuba; North Korea; Syria; and the Crimea region of the Ukraine.

Competition

Many of our markets are highly competitive. However, we compete effectively due to the quality and breadth of our adhesives, sealants and specialty chemical portfolio and the experience and expertise of our commercial organizations. Within the adhesives and other specialty chemical markets, we believe few suppliers have comparable global reach and corresponding ability to deliver quality and consistency to multinational customers. Our competition is made up generally of two types of companies: (1) similar multinational suppliers and (2) regional or specialty suppliers that typically compete in only one region or within a narrow geographic area within a region. The multinational competitors typically maintain a broad product offering and range of technology, while regional or specialty companies tend to have limited or more focused product ranges and technology.

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Principal competitive factors in the sale of adhesives and other specialty chemicals are product performance, supply assurance, technical service, quality, price and customer service.

Customers

We have cultivated strong, integrated relationships with a diverse set of customers worldwide. Our customers are among the technology and market leaders in consumer goods, construction, and industrial markets. We pride ourselves on long-term, collaborative customer relationships and a diverse portfolio of customers in which no single customer accounted for more than 10 percent of consolidated net revenue.

Our leading customers include manufacturers of food and beverages, hygiene products, clothing, major appliances, electronics, automobiles, aerospace and defense products, solar energy systems, filters, construction materials, wood flooring, furniture, cabinetry, windows, doors, tissue and towel, corrugation, tube winding, packaging, labels and tapes.

Our products are delivered directly to customers primarily from our manufacturing plants, with additional deliveries made through distributors and retailers.

Backlog

No significant backlog of unfilled orders existed at December 2, 2017 or December 3, 2016.

Raw Materials

We use several principal raw materials in our manufacturing processes, including tackifying resins, polymers, synthetic rubbers, vinyl acetate monomer and plasticizers. We generally avoid sole source supplier arrangements for raw materials.

The majority of our raw materials are petroleum/natural gas based derivatives. Under normal conditions, raw materials are available on the open market. Prices and availability are subject to supply and demand market mechanisms. Raw material costs are primarily determined by the balance of supply against the aggregate demand from the adhesives industry and other industries that use the same raw material streams. The cost of crude oil and natural gas, the primary feedstocks for our raw materials, can also impact the cost of our raw materials.

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses

Much of the technology we use in our products and manufacturing processes is available in the public domain. For technology not available in the public domain, we rely on trade secrets and patents when appropriate to protect our competitive position. We also license some patented technology from other sources. Our business is not materially dependent upon licenses or similar rights or on any single patent or group of related patents.

We enter into agreements with many employees to protect rights to technology and intellectual property. Confidentiality commitments also are routinely obtained from customers, suppliers and others to safeguard proprietary information.

We own numerous trademarks and service marks in various countries. Trademarks, such as H.B. Fuller®, Swift®, Advantra®, Clarity®, Sesame®, TEC®, Foster®, Rakoll®, Rapidex®, Full-CareTM, Thermonex®, Silaprene®, Eternabond®, Cilbond®, and TONSAN® are important in marketing products. Many of our trademarks and service marks are registered. U.S. trademark registrations are for a term of ten years and are renewable every ten years as long as the trademarks are used in the regular course of trade.

Research and Development

Our investment in research and development creates new and innovative adhesive technology platforms, enhances product performance, ensures a competitive cost structure and leverages available raw materials. New product development is a key research and development outcome, providing higher-value solutions to existing customers or meeting new customers’ needs. Projects are developed in local laboratories in each region, where we understand our customer base the best. Platform developments are coordinated globally through our network of laboratories.

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Through designing and developing new polymers and new formulations, we expect to continue to grow in our current markets. We also develop new applications for existing products and technologies, and improve manufacturing processes to enhance productivity and product quality. Research and development efforts are closely aligned to customer needs, but we do not engage in customer sponsored activities. We foster open innovation, seek supplier-driven new technology and use relationships with academic and other institutions to enhance our capabilities.

Research and development expenses were $30.1 million, $28.6 million and $26.2million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Research and development costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Environmental, Health and Safety

We comply with applicable regulations relating to environmental protection and workers' safety. This includes regular review of and upgrades to environmental, health and safety policies, practices and procedures as well as improved production methods to minimize our facilities’ outgoing waste, based on evolving societal standards and increased environmental understanding.

Expenditures to comply with environmental regulations over the next two years are estimated to be approximately $13.8 million, including approximately $1.5 million of capital expenditures. See additional disclosure under Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

Seasonality

Our operating segments have historically had lower net revenue in winter months, which is primarily our first fiscal quarter, mainly due to international holidays and the seasonal decline in construction and consumer spending activities.

Employees

We employed approximately 6,000 individuals on December 2, 2017, of which approximately 2,500 were located in the United States.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The following table shows the name, age and business experience for the past five years of the executive officers as of January 19, 2018. Unless otherwise noted, the positions described are positions with the company or its subsidiaries.

Name	Age	Positions	Period Served
James J. Owens	53	President and Chief Executive Officer	November 2010 - Present
Zhiwei Cai	55	Senior Vice President, Engineering Adhesives Vice President, TONSAN and Electronics Director, Electronics Materials	February 2016 - Present 2014 - 2016 2012 - 2014
Heather A. Campe	44	Senior Vice President, Americas Adhesives Vice President, Asia Pacific Director, Hygiene	October 2016 - Present 2013 - 2016 2010 - 2012
Theodore M. Clark	64	Senior Vice President, Royal Adhesives President and CEO of Royal Adhesives & Sealants	October 2017 - Present 2003 - 2017
Paula M. Cooney	49	Vice President, Human Resources Director, Global Human Resources Strategic Programs	April 2016 - Present 2010 - 2016
John J. Corkrean	52	Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer Senior Vice President, Finance - Global Energy Services, NALCO Champion, an Ecolab Inc. company (supplier of chemicals and related services to the oil & gas industry)	May 2016 - Present 2014 - 2016

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		Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller, Ecolab Inc. (global provider of water, hygiene and energy technologies and services)	2008 - 2014
Dietrich J. Crail	47	Vice President, Asia Pacific Vice President, Paper Converting and Construction, Henkel Corporation (global manufacturer of adhesives, sealants and surface treatments) Vice President & Global Segment Leader, Pressure Sensitive Adhesives, Henkel Corporation	October 2016 - Present 2013 - 2016 2008 - 2014
Traci L. Jensen	51	Senior Vice President, Global Construction Products Senior Vice President, Americas Adhesives Vice President, Americas Adhesives	July 2016 - Present 2013 - 2016 2011 - 2013
Timothy J. Keenan	60	Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary	December 2006 - Present
Steven Kenny	56	Senior Vice President, Emerging Markets Senior Vice President, Europe, India, Middle East and Africa (EIMEA)	June 2015 - Present 2009 - 2015
Patrick M. Kivits	50	Senior Vice President, EIMEA Corporate Vice President and General Manager, Henkel Corporation (global manufacturer of adhesives, sealants and surface treatments) Vice President, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA	September 2015 - Present 2013 - 2015 2011 - 2013
David W. Moorman	49	Vice President, Operations Excellence Director, Global Information Technology	March 2017 - Present 2010 - 2017
Ebrahim Rezai	66	Vice President and Chief Technology and Innovation Officer Associate Director, Baby and Feminine Care Global Material Development and Supply Organization, Procter & Gamble (multinational manufacturer of family, personal and household care products) Associate Director, Baby Care Global Material Development and Supply Organization, Procter & Gamble	October 2016 - Present 2015 - 2016 2005 - 2015

The Board of Directors elects the executive officers annually.

Available Information

For more information about us, visit our website at: www.hbfuller.com.

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) via EDGAR. Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public at our website as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been filed with or furnished to the SEC.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a global manufacturer of adhesives, sealants and other specialty chemical products, we operate in a business environment that is subject to various risks and uncertainties. Below are the most significant factors that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Macroeconomic and Industry Risks

Uncertainties in foreign economic, political, regulatory and social conditions and fluctuations in foreign currency may adversely affect our results. 

Approximately 58 percent, or $1.3 billion, of our net revenue was generated outside the United States in 2017. After the acquisitions of Royal Adhesives and Adecol, we expect our revenue generated outside the United States to be approximately 58 percent. International operations could be adversely affected by changes in economic, political, regulatory, and social conditions, especially in Brazil, Russia, China, the Middle East, including Turkey and Egypt, and other developing or emerging markets where we do business. An economic downturn in the businesses or geographic areas in which we sell our products could reduce demand for these products and result in a decrease in sales volume that could have a negative impact on our results of operations. Product demand often depends on end-use markets. Economic conditions that reduce consumer confidence or discretionary spending may reduce product demand. Challenging economic conditions may also impair the ability of our customers to pay for products they have purchased, and as a result, our reserves for doubtful accounts and write-offs of accounts receivable may increase. In addition, trade protection measures, anti-bribery and anti-corruption regulations, restrictions on repatriation of earnings, differing intellectual property rights and changes in legal and regulatory requirements that restrict the sales of products or increase costs could adversely affect our results of operations.

Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies could potentially result in increases or decreases in net revenue, cost of raw materials and earnings and may adversely affect the value of our assets outside the United States. In 2017, the change in foreign currencies negatively impacted our net revenue by approximately $46 million. In 2017, we spent approximately $1.3 billion for raw materials worldwide of which approximately $705.6 million was purchased outside the United States. Based on 2017 financial results, a hypothetical one percent change in our cost of sales due to foreign currency rate changes would have resulted in a change in net income of approximately $7.0 million or $0.14 per diluted share. Although we utilize risk management tools, including hedging, as appropriate, to mitigate market fluctuations in foreign currencies, any changes in strategy in regard to risk management tools can also affect revenue, expenses and results of operations and there can be no assurance that such measures will result in cost savings or that all market fluctuation exposure will be eliminated.

Distressed financial markets may result in dramatic deflation of asset valuations and a general disruption in capital markets.

Adverse equity market conditions and volatility in the credit markets could have a negative impact on the value of our pension trust assets, our future estimated pension liabilities and other postretirement benefit plans. In addition, we could be required to provide increased pension plan funding. As a result, our financial results could be negatively impacted. Reduced access to capital markets may affect our ability to invest in strategic growth initiatives such as acquisitions. In addition, the reduced credit availability could limit our customers’ ability to invest in their businesses, refinance maturing debt obligations, or meet their ongoing working capital needs. If these customers do not have sufficient access to the financial markets, demand for our products may decline.

Operational Risks

Increases in prices and declines in the availability of raw materials could negatively impact our financial results.

In 2017, raw material costs made up over 76 percent of our cost of sales. Accordingly, changes in the cost of raw materials can significantly impact our earnings. Raw materials needed to manufacture products are obtained from a number of suppliers and many of the raw materials are petroleum and natural gas based derivatives. Under normal market conditions, these raw materials are generally available on the open market from a variety of producers. While alternate supplies of most key raw materials are available, supplier production outages may lead to strained supply-demand situations for certain raw materials. The substitution of key raw materials requires us to identify new supply sources, reformulate and re-test and may require seeking re-approval from our customers using those products. From time to time, the prices and availability of these raw materials may fluctuate, which could impair our ability to procure necessary materials, or increase the cost of manufacturing products. If the prices of raw materials increase in a short period of time, we may be unable to pass these increases on to our customers in a timely manner and could experience reductions to our profit margins. Based on 2017 financial results, a hypothetical one percent change in our raw material costs would have resulted in a change in net income of approximately $10.0 million or $0.19 per diluted share.

We experience substantial competition in each of the operating segments and geographic areas in which we operate.

Our wide variety of products are sold in numerous markets, each of which is highly competitive. Our competitive position in markets is, in part, subject to external factors. For example, supply and demand for certain of our products is driven by end-use markets and worldwide capacities which, in turn, impact demand for and pricing of our products. Many of our direct competitors are part of large multinational companies and may have more resources than we do. Any increase in competition may result in lost market share or reduced prices, which could result in reduced profit margins. This may impair the ability to grow or even to maintain current levels of revenues and earnings. While we have an extensive customer base, loss of certain top customers could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations until such business is replaced, and no assurances can be made that we would be able to regain or replace any lost customers.

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Failure to develop new products and protect our intellectual property could negatively impact our future performance and growth.

Ongoing innovation and product development are important factors in our competitiveness. Failure to create new products and generate new ideas could negatively impact our ability to grow and deliver strong financial results. We continually apply for and obtain U.S. and foreign patents to protect the results of our research for use in our operations and licensing. We are party to a number of patent licenses and other technology agreements. We rely on patents, confidentiality agreements and internal security measures to protect our intellectual property. Failure to protect this intellectual property could negatively affect our future performance and growth.

We may be required to record impairment charges on our long-lived assets.

Weak demand may cause underutilization of our manufacturing capacity or elimination of product lines; contract terminations or customer shutdowns may force sale or abandonment of facilities and equipment; or other events associated with weak economic conditions or specific product or customer events may require us to record an impairment on tangible assets, such as facilities and equipment, as well as intangible assets, such as intellectual property or goodwill, which would have a negative impact on our financial results.

Catastrophic events could disrupt our operations or the operations of our suppliers or customers, having a negative impact on our financial results.

Unexpected events, including natural disasters and severe weather events, fires or explosions at our facilities or those of our suppliers, acts of war or terrorism, supply disruptions or breaches of security of our information technology systems could increase the cost of doing business or otherwise harm our operations, our customers and our suppliers. Such events could reduce demand for our products or make it difficult or impossible for us to receive raw materials from suppliers and deliver products to our customers.

A failure in our information technology systems could negatively impact our business.

We rely on information technology to record and process transactions, manage our business and maintain the financial accuracy of our records. Our computer systems are subject to damage or interruption from various sources, including power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches, vandalism, catastrophic events and human error. Interruptions of our computer systems could disrupt our business and could result in the loss of business and cause us to incur additional expense.

Information technology security threats are increasing in frequency and sophistication. Our information technology systems could be breached by unauthorized outside parties or misused by employees or other insiders intent on extracting sensitive information, corrupting information or disrupting business processes. Such unauthorized access could compromise confidential information, disrupt our business, harm our reputation, result in the loss of assets, customer confidence and business and have a negative impact on our financial results.

We are in the process of implementing a global Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system, which we refer to as Project ONE, which will upgrade and standardize our information system. The North America adhesives business went live in 2014, and the implementation process proved to be more difficult than we originally anticipated resulting in disruptions in our manufacturing network, lower productivity and deteriorated customer service levels. By the end of 2014, most of the problems associated with the software implementation had been remediated and the business was stable and running at capacity with productivity levels approaching the levels experienced prior to the new software implementation. In late 2014, we suspended any further implementation projects in other geographic regions until we complete the optimization of the current platform for the North America adhesives business. In 2017, we re-initiated the project and began the implementation and upgrade of our ERP system in our Latin America adhesives business.  The new ERP system went live in Argentina at the beginning of fiscal 2018.  We expect full implementation of our ERP system in in the remaining countries within our Latin America adhesives business in early 2019, followed by continued implementation in North America (including our acquired businesses and Construction Products business), EIMEA and Asia Pacific. 

Any delays or other failure to achieve our implementation goals may adversely impact our financial results. In addition, the failure to either deliver the application on time or anticipate the necessary readiness and training needs could lead to business disruption and loss of business. Failure or abandonment of any part of the ERP system could result in a write-off of part or all of the costs that have been capitalized on the project.

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Risks associated with acquisitions could have an adverse effect on us and the inability to execute organizational restructuring may affect our results.

As part of our growth strategy, we have made and intend to pursue additional acquisitions of complementary businesses or products and joint ventures. The ability to grow through acquisitions or joint ventures depends upon our ability to identify, negotiate, complete and integrate suitable acquisitions or joint venture arrangements. If we fail to successfully integrate acquisitions into our existing business, our results of operations and our cash flows could be adversely affected. Our acquisition strategy also involves other risks and uncertainties, including distraction of management from current operations, greater than expected liabilities and expenses, inadequate return on capital, unidentified issues not discovered in our investigations and evaluations of those strategies and acquisitions and difficulties implementing and maintaining consistent standards, controls, procedures, policies and systems. Future acquisitions could result in debt, dilution, liabilities, increased interest expense, restructuring charges and amortization expenses related to intangible assets.

In addition, our profitability is dependent on our ability to drive sustainable productivity improvements such as cost savings through organizational restructuring. Delays or unexpected costs may prevent us from realizing the full operational and financial benefits of such restructuring initiatives and may potentially disrupt our operations.

Risks Related to the Royal Adhesives Acquisition

We may not realize the revenue growth opportunities and cost synergies that are anticipated from the Royal Adhesives acquisition as we may experience difficulties in integrating Royal Adhesives’ business with ours.

The benefits that are expected to result from the Royal Adhesives acquisition will depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated revenue growth opportunities and cost synergies as a result of the acquisition. Our success in realizing these revenue growth opportunities and cost synergies, and the timing of this realization, depends on the successful integration of Royal Adhesives. There is a significant degree of difficulty and management distraction inherent in the process of integrating an acquisition as sizable as Royal Adhesives. The process of integrating operations could cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, our and Royal Adhesives’ activities. Members of our senior management may be required to devote considerable amounts of time to this integration process, which will decrease the time they will have to manage our company, service existing customers, attract new customers and develop new products or strategies. If senior management is not able to effectively manage the integration process, or if any significant business activities are interrupted as a result of the integration process, our business could suffer. There can be no assurance that we will successfully or cost-effectively integrate Royal Adhesives. The failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Even if we are able to integrate Royal Adhesives successfully, this integration may not result in the realization of the full benefits of the growth opportunities and cost synergies that we currently expect from this integration, and we cannot guarantee that these benefits will be achieved within anticipated timeframes or at all. For example, we may not be able to eliminate duplicative costs. Moreover, we may incur substantial expenses in connection with the integration of Royal Adhesives. While it is anticipated that certain expenses will be incurred to achieve cost synergies, such expenses are difficult to estimate accurately, and may exceed current estimates. Accordingly, the benefits from the acquisition may be offset by costs incurred to, or delays in, integrating the businesses.

The debt incurred in connection with the Royal Adhesives acquisition could have a negative impact on our liquidity or restrict our activities.

As a result of the Royal Adhesives acquisition, our outstanding indebtedness has significantly increased. Our current indebtedness contains various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. Our overall leverage and the terms of our financing arrangements could:

● limit our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures and acquisitions;

● make it more difficult to satisfy our obligations under the terms of our indebtedness;

● limit our ability to refinance our indebtedness on terms acceptable to us or at all;

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● limit our flexibility to plan for and adjust to changing business and market conditions in the industries in which we operate and increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

● require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to make interest and principal payments on our debt, thereby limiting the availability of our cash flow to fund future acquisitions, working capital, business activities, and other general corporate requirements;

● limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, to fund growth or for general corporate purposes, even when necessary to maintain adequate liquidity, particularly if any ratings assigned to our debt securities by rating organizations were revised downward; and

● subject us to higher levels of indebtedness than our competitors, which may cause a competitive disadvantage and may reduce our flexibility in responding to increased competition.

In addition, the restrictive covenants require us to maintain specified financial ratios and satisfy other financial condition tests. Our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests will depend on our ongoing financial and operating performance, which, in turn, will be subject to economic conditions and to financial, market, and competitive factors, many of which are beyond our control. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the instruments governing our indebtedness.

Royal Adhesives may have liabilities that are not known, probable or estimable at this time.

As a result of the Royal Adhesives acquisition, Royal Adhesives became our subsidiary and it will remain subject to all of its liabilities. There could be unasserted claims or assessments that we failed or were unable to discover or identify in the course of performing due diligence investigations of Royal Adhesives. In addition, there may be liabilities that are neither probable nor estimable at this time that may become probable or estimable in the future. Any such liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our financial results. We may learn additional information about Royal Adhesives that adversely affects us, such as unknown, unasserted or contingent liabilities and issues relating to compliance with applicable laws.

Without limitation to the generality of the foregoing, Royal Adhesives is subject to various rules, regulations, laws and other legal requirements, enforced by governments or other public authorities. Misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities by any of Royal Adhesives’ directors, officers, employees or agents could have a significant impact on Royal Adhesives’ business and reputation and could subject Royal Adhesives to fines and penalties, criminal, civil and administrative legal sanctions and suspension from contracting (including with public bodies), resulting in reduced revenues and profits. Such misconduct could include the failure to comply with regulations prohibiting bribery, regulations on lobbying or similar activities, control over financial reporting, environmental laws and any other applicable laws or regulations.

As a result of the Royal Adhesives acquisition, we may become subject to additional risks and uncertainties relating to Royal Adhesives and its business.

As a result of the Royal Adhesives acquisition, we are subject to additional risks associated with Royal Adhesives, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The integration process may be complex, costly and time-consuming, as Royal Adhesives was not previously operating as a public company. The difficulties of integrating the businesses include, among others:

● failure to implement our business plan for the combined company;

● unanticipated issues in integrating equipment, logistics, information, communications and other systems;

● possible inconsistencies in standards, controls, contracts, procedures and policies;

● impacts of change in control provisions in contracts and agreements;

● failure to retain key customers and suppliers;

● unanticipated changes in applicable laws and regulations;

● failure to recruit and retain key employees to operate the combined business;

● increased competition within the industries in which Royal Adhesives operates;

● inherent operating risks in the business;

● unanticipated issues, expenses and liabilities;

● additional reporting requirements pursuant to applicable rules and regulations; and

● additional requirements relating to internal control over financial reporting.

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 Legal and Regulatory Risks

We have lawsuits and claims against us with uncertain outcomes.

Our operations from time to time are parties to or targets of lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings, including product liability, personal injury, asbestos, patent and intellectual property, commercial, contract, environmental, antitrust, health and safety, and employment matters, which are handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. The results of any future litigation or settlement of such lawsuits and claims are inherently unpredictable, but such outcomes could be adverse and material in amount. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings for a discussion of current litigation.

Costs and expenses resulting from compliance with environmental laws and regulations may negatively impact our operations and financial results.

We are subject to numerous environmental laws and regulations that impose various environmental controls on us or otherwise relate to environmental protection, the sale and export of certain chemicals or hazardous materials, and various health and safety matters. The costs of complying with these laws and regulations can be significant and may increase as applicable requirements and their enforcement become more stringent and new rules are implemented. Adverse developments and/or periodic settlements could negatively impact our results of operations and cash flows. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings for a discussion of current environmental matters.

Additional income tax expense or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could have a negative impact on our financial results.

We are subject to income tax laws and regulations in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions.  Significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals for these taxes.  Our income tax liabilities are dependent upon the location of earnings among these different jurisdictions.  Our income tax provision and income tax liabilities could be adversely affected by the jurisdictional mix of earnings, changes in valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in tax laws and regulations.  In the ordinary course of our business, we are also subject to continuous examinations of our income tax returns by tax authorities.  Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final results of any tax examination or related litigation could be materially different from our related historical income tax provisions and accruals.  Adverse developments in an audit, examination, litigation related to previously filed tax returns, or in the relevant jurisdiction’s tax laws, regulations, administrative practices, principles and interpretations could have a material effect on our results of operations and cash flows in the period or periods for which that development occurs, as well as for prior and subsequent periods.

Federal income tax reform could have unforeseen effects on our financial condition and results of operations.

On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law H.R. 1, originally known as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”, hereafter referred to as “U.S. Tax Reform”. The Company is in the process of determining the impact to the financial statements of all aspects of U.S. Tax Reform and will reflect the impact of such reform in the financial statements during the period in which such amounts can be reasonably estimated.  U.S. Tax Reform includes a number of provisions, including the lowering of the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent, effective January 1, 2018, which will result in a blended federal tax rate for fiscal year 2018.  There are also provisions that may partially offset the benefit of such rate reduction, such as the repeal of the deduction for domestic production activities.  U.S. Tax Reform also includes international provisions, which generally establish a territorial-style system for taxing foreign-source income of domestic multinational corporations.   Financial statement impacts will include adjustments for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets (liabilities) and the accrual for deemed repatriation tax on unremitted foreign earnings and profits.  While there are benefits, there is also substantial uncertainty regarding the details of U.S. Tax Reform. The intended and unintended consequences of U.S. Tax Reform on our business and on holders of our common shares is uncertain and could be adverse.  The Company anticipates that the impact of U.S. Tax Reform may be material to the income tax expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income and related income tax balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

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Item 2. Properties

Principal executive offices and central research facilities are located in the St. Paul, Minnesota area.  These facilities are company-owned and contain 247,630 square feet.  Manufacturing operations are carried out at 36 plants located throughout the United States and at 35 plants located in 21 other countries.  In addition, numerous sales and service offices are located throughout the world.  We believe that the properties owned or leased are suitable and adequate for our business.  Operating capacity varies by product line, but additional production capacity is available for most product lines by increasing the number of shifts worked.  The following is a list of our manufacturing plants as of December 2, 2017 (each of the listed properties are owned by us, unless otherwise specified):

Segment	Manufacturing Sq Ft	Segment	Manufacturing Sq Ft
Americas Adhesives		Royal Adhesives
California - Roseville	82,202	California - Wilmington1	26,373
Georgia - Covington	73,500	Georgia - Dalton	21,980
- Tucker	69,000	- Ball Ground1	4,800
Illinois - Seneca	24,621	Illinois - Frankfort - Corsair	12,500
- Elgin - River Ridge	35,239	- Frankfort - West Drive	17,000
- Elgin - Executive	30,000	Indiana - South Bend - Washington	128,218
- Huntley	29,000	Michigan - Michigan Center	115,000
Kentucky - Paducah	252,500	New Jersey - Wayne1	16,000
Michigan - Grand Rapids	65,689	New York - Syracuse1	23,000
Minnesota - Fridley	15,850	Ohio - Chagrin Falls	16,500
- Vadnais Heights	53,145	South Carolina - Simpsonville	23,722
Ohio - Blue Ash	102,000	Texas - Mansfield	28,790
Texas - Mesquite	25,000	Canada - Ontario1	63,020
Washington - Vancouver	35,768	Canada - Toronto1	25,172
Argentina - Buenos Aires	10,367	Republic of China - Nanjing1	62,430
Brazil - Sorocaba, SP2	7,535	Germany - Langelsheim1	123,353
- Curitiba1	9,896	- Pirmasens	81,278
- Guarulhos	32,292	United Kingdom - Preston1	34,000
Dominican Republic2	15,132	Royal Adhesives Total	823,136
Chile - Maipu, Santiago	64,099
Colombia - Rionegro	17,072
Americas Adhesives Total	1,049,907	EIMEA
		Egypt - 6th of October City	8,525
Construction Products		France - Blois	48,438
California - La Mirada	15,206	- Surbourg	21,743
Florida - Gainesville	8,300	Germany - Luneburg	64,249
Georgia - Dalton	72,000	- Nienburg	139,248
Illinois - Aurora	149,000	- Pirmasens2	48,438
- Palatine2	55,000	Greece - Lamia	11,560
New Jersey - Edison	9,780	India - Pune	38,782
Pennsylvania - Fairless Hills	19,229	Italy - Pianezze	36,500
Texas - Eagle Lake	26,000	Portugal - Mindelo	90,193
- Houston	11,000	Kenya - Nairobi	5,262
Construction Products Total	365,515	United Kingdom - Dukinfield	17,465
		EIMEA Total	530,403
Engineering Adhesives
Republic of China - Beijing	78,120	Asia Pacific
- Beijing1	42,044	Australia - Dandenong South, VIC	71,280
- Suzhou	73,622	- Sydney 1	12,968
- Yantai	44,203	Republic of China - Guangzhou	36,055
Germany - Wunstorf	16,146	- Nanjing	55,224
Georgia - Norcross1	21,755	Indonesia - Mojokerto	52,991
Illinois - Batavia1	19,169	Malaysia - Selongor	21,900
Engineering Adhesives Total	295,059	New Zealand - Auckland1	7,330
		Philippines - Manila	9,295
		Asia Pacific Total	267,043
1 Leased Property
2 Idle Property

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Environmental Matters

From time to time, we become aware of compliance matters relating to, or receive notices from, federal, state or local entities regarding possible or alleged violations of environmental, health or safety laws and regulations. We review the circumstances of each individual site, considering the number of parties involved, the level of potential liability or our contribution relative to the other parties, the nature and magnitude of the hazardous substances involved, the method and extent of remediation, the estimated legal and consulting expense with respect to each site and the time period over which any costs would likely be incurred. Also, from time to time, we are identified as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and/or similar state laws that impose liability for costs relating to the clean up of contamination resulting from past spills, disposal or other release of hazardous substances. We are also subject to similar laws in some of the countries where current and former facilities are located. Our environmental, health and safety department monitors compliance with applicable laws on a global basis. To the extent we can reasonably estimate the amount of our probable liabilities for environmental matters, we establish a financial provision. 

Currently, we are involved in various environmental investigations, clean up activities and administrative proceedings and lawsuits. In particular, we are currently deemed a PRP in conjunction with numerous other parties, in a number of government enforcement actions associated with landfills and/or hazardous waste sites. As a PRP, we may be required to pay a share of the costs of investigation and clean up of these sites.

We are engaged in environmental remediation and monitoring efforts at a number of current and former operating facilities. As of December 2, 2017, we had reserved $11.4 million, which represents our best estimate of probable liabilities with respect to environmental matters. It is reasonably possible that we may have additional liabilities related to these known environmental matters. However, the full extent of our future liability for environmental matters is difficult to predict because of uncertainty as to the cost of investigation and clean up of the sites, our responsibility for such hazardous substances and the number of and financial condition of other potentially responsible parties.

While uncertainties exist with respect to the amounts and timing of the ultimate environmental liabilities, based on currently available information, we have concluded that these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. However, adverse developments and/or periodic settlements could negatively impact the results of operations or cash flows in one or more future periods.

Other Legal Proceedings

From time to time and in the ordinary course of business, we are a party to, or a target of, lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings, including product liability, personal injury, contract, patent and intellectual property, environmental, health and safety, tax and employment matters. While we are unable to predict the outcome of these matters, we have concluded, based upon currently available information, that the ultimate resolution of any pending matter, individually or in the aggregate, including the asbestos litigation described in the following paragraphs, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

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We have been named as a defendant in lawsuits in which plaintiffs have alleged injury due to products containing asbestos manufactured more than 30 years ago. The plaintiffs generally bring these lawsuits against multiple defendants and seek damages (both actual and punitive) in very large amounts. In many cases, plaintiffs are unable to demonstrate that they have suffered any compensable injuries or that the injuries suffered were the result of exposure to products manufactured by us. We are typically dismissed as a defendant in such cases without payment. If the plaintiff presents evidence indicating that compensable injury occurred as a result of exposure to our products, the case is generally settled for an amount that reflects the seriousness of the injury, the length, intensity and character of exposure to products containing asbestos, the number and solvency of other defendants in the case, and the jurisdiction in which the case has been brought.

A significant portion of the defense costs and settlements in asbestos-related litigation is paid by third parties, including indemnification pursuant to the provisions of a 1976 agreement under which we acquired a business from a third party. Currently, this third party is defending and paying settlement amounts, under a reservation of rights, in most of the asbestos cases tendered to the third party.

In addition to the indemnification arrangements with third parties, we have insurance policies that generally provide coverage for asbestos liabilities (including defense costs).  Historically, insurers have paid a significant portion of our defense costs and settlements in asbestos-related litigation. However, certain of our insurers are insolvent.  We have entered into cost-sharing agreements with our insurers that provide for the allocation of defense costs and settlements and judgments in asbestos-related lawsuits.  These agreements require, among other things, that we fund a share of settlements and judgments allocable to years in which the responsible insurer is insolvent.

A summary of the number of and settlement amounts for asbestos-related lawsuits and claims is as follows:

	Year Ended		Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 2,		December 3,		November 28,
($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015
Lawsuits and claims settled		9		14		10
Settlement amounts	$	1.7	$	1.4	$	0.9
Insurance payments received or expected to be received	$	1.4	$	0.9	$	0.7

We do not believe that it would be meaningful to disclose the aggregate number of asbestos-related lawsuits filed against us because relatively few of these lawsuits are known to involve exposure to asbestos-containing products that we manufactured. Rather, we believe it is more meaningful to disclose the number of lawsuits that are settled and result in a payment to the plaintiff. To the extent we can reasonably estimate the amount of our probable liabilities for pending asbestos-related claims, we establish a financial provision and a corresponding receivable for insurance recoveries. 

Based on currently available information, we have concluded that the resolution of any pending matter, including asbestos-related litigation, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.  However, adverse developments and/or periodic settlements could negatively impact the results of operations or cash flows in one or more future periods.

We have retained legal counsel to conduct an internal investigation of possible resale of our products by certain customers to Iran contrary to U.S. law and regulations and our compliance policy. The sales to those particular customers being investigated represented less than one percent of our net revenue in each of our last three fiscal years.  The investigation also includes a review of sales by our subsidiaries in two countries outside the United States in possible violation of the sanctions regulations of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) and other applicable laws and regulations.  In January 2018, we voluntarily contacted OFAC to advise it of this internal investigation and our intention to cooperate fully with OFAC.  At this time, we cannot predict the outcome or effect of the investigation.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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Part II.

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol FUL. As of January 23, 2018, there were 1,600 common shareholders of record for our common stock. The following table shows the high and low sales price per share of our stock and the dividends declared for the fiscal quarters.

	High and Low Sales Price
	2017				2016				Dividends (Per Share)
	High		Low		High		Low		2017		2016
First quarter	$	50.43	$	47.09	$	39.81	$	32.71	$	0.140	$	0.130
Second quarter		53.40		48.44		45.59		38.49		0.150		0.140
Third quarter		53.67		49.11		48.36		41.89		0.150		0.140
Fourth quarter		58.64		51.93		48.82		41.81		0.150		0.140

There are no significant contractual restrictions on our ability to declare or pay dividends. We currently expect that comparable dividends on our common stock will continue to be paid in the future.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Information on our purchases of equity securities during the fourth quarter of 2017 is as follows:

Period	(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased1			(b) Average Price Paid per Share		(c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan or Program	(d) Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plan or Program (thousands)
September 3, 2017 - October 7, 2017		(1,955	)	$	52.53	-	$	187,170
October 8, 2017 - November 4, 2017		(267	)	$	57.15	-	$	187,170
November 5, 2017 - December 2, 2017		-		$	-	-	$	187,170

1 The total number of shares purchased include shares withheld to satisfy employees’ withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock.

On April 6, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $200.0 million of our outstanding common shares. Under the program, we are authorized to repurchase shares for cash on the open market, from time to time, in privately negotiated transactions or block transactions, or through an accelerated repurchase agreement. The timing of such repurchases is dependent on price, market, conditions and applicable regulatory requirements. Upon repurchase of the shares, we reduced our common stock for the par value for the shares with the excess being applied against additional paid in capital. This authorization replaces the September 30, 2010 authorization to repurchase shares.

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Total Shareholder Return Graph

The line graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock for the last five fiscal years with cumulative total return on the S&P Small Cap 600 Index and Dow Jones U.S. Specialty Chemicals Index. This graph assumes a $100 investment in each of H.B. Fuller, the S&P Small Cap 600 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Specialty Chemicals Index at the close of trading on December 1, 2012, and also assumes the reinvestment of all dividends.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The table that follows presents selected financial data for each of the last five years from the Company’s consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected financial data set forth below as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 and for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 are derived from our audited financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All other selected financial data set forth below is derived from our audited financial statements not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	Fiscal Years3
	2017			2016 2		2015		2014		2013
Net revenue	$	2,306,043	$	2,094,605	$	2,083,660	$	2,104,454	$	2,046,968
Income from continuing operations1	$	58,290	$	124,382	$	88,397	$	50,151	$	95,975
Percent of net revenue		2.5		5.9		4.2		2.4		4.7
Total assets	$	4,360,646	$	2,055,868	$	2,042,252	$	1,869,006	$	1,873,028
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	$	2,398,927	$	585,759	$	669,606	$	547,735	$	472,315
Total H.B. Fuller stockholders' equity	$	1,043,627	$	937,876	$	872,920	$	890,047	$	930,065
Per Common Share:
Income from continuing operations:
Basic	$	1.16	$	2.48	$	1.75	$	1.00	$	1.92
Diluted	$	1.13	$	2.42	$	1.71	$	0.97	$	1.87
Dividends declared and paid	$	0.590	$	0.550	$	0.510	$	0.460	$	0.385
Book value4	$	20.69	$	18.70	$	17.43	$	17.69	$	18.52
Number of employees		5,965		4,587		4,425		3,650		3,676

¹ 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013 include after-tax charges of $(0.2) million, $4.7 million, $45.2 million and $35.3 million, respectively, related to special charges, net.

² 2016 contained 53 weeks.

³ All amounts have been adjusted retroactively for discontinued operations.

⁴ Book value is calculated by dividing total H.B. Fuller stockholders' equity by the number of common stock shares outstanding as of our fiscal year end.

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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

H.B. Fuller Company is a global formulator, manufacturer and marketer of adhesives and other specialty chemical products. We manage our business through six operating segments - Americas Adhesives, EIMEA (Europe, India, Middle East and Africa), Asia Pacific, Construction Products, Engineering Adhesives and Royal Adhesives.

The Americas Adhesives, EIMEA and Asia Pacific operating segments manufacture and supply adhesives products in the assembly, packaging, converting, nonwoven and hygiene, performance wood, flooring, textile, flexible packaging, graphic arts and envelope markets. The Construction Products operating segment provides floor preparation, grouts and mortars for tile setting, and adhesives for soft flooring as well as sealants and related products for heating, ventilation and air conditioning installations. The Engineering Adhesives operating segment provides high-performance adhesives to the transportation, electronics, medical, clean energy, appliance and heavy machinery markets. The Royal Adhesives operating segment produces and supplies specialty adhesives, sealants, coatings, polymers, tapes, encapsulants and additives to the aerospace and defense, automotive, recreational vehicle, bus, truck and trailer, marine, assembly, electrical/electronic, filter, printing, flexible packaging, laminating, graphic arts, solar/renewable energy, personal care, home furnishings, roofing and flooring markets.

Total Company

When reviewing our financial statements, it is important to understand how certain external factors impact us. These factors include:

● Changes in the prices of our raw materials that are primarily derived from refining crude oil and natural gas,

● Global supply of and demand for raw materials,

● Economic growth rates, and

● Currency exchange rates compared to the U.S. dollar.

We purchase thousands of raw materials, the majority of which are petroleum/natural gas derivatives. The price of these derivatives impacts the cost of our raw materials. However, the supply of and demand for key raw materials has a greater impact on our costs. As demand increases in high-growth areas, the supply of key raw materials may tighten, resulting in certain materials being put on allocation. Natural disasters, such as hurricanes, also can have an impact as key raw material producers are shut down for extended periods of time. We continually monitor capacity utilization figures, market supply and demand conditions, feedstock costs and inventory levels, as well as derivative and intermediate prices, which affect our raw materials. With over 75 percent of our cost of sales accounted for by raw materials, our financial results are extremely sensitive to changing costs in this area.

In 2017, we generated 42 percent of our net revenue in the United States and 28 percent in EIMEA. The pace of economic growth in these areas directly impacts certain industries to which we supply products. For example, adhesives-related revenues from durable goods customers in areas such as appliances, furniture and other woodworking applications tend to fluctuate with the overall economic activity. In business components such as construction products and insulating glass, revenues tend to move with more specific economic indicators such as housing starts and other construction-related activity.

The movement of foreign currency exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar impacts the translation of the foreign entities’ financial statements into U.S. dollars. As foreign currencies weaken against the dollar, our revenues and costs decrease as the foreign currency-denominated financial statements translate into fewer dollars. The fluctuations of the Euro and the Chinese renminbi against the U.S. dollar have the largest impact on our financial results as compared to all other currencies. In 2017, currency fluctuations had a negative impact on net revenue of approximately $46 million as compared to 2016.

Key financial results and transactions for 2017 included the following:

● Net revenue increased 10.1 percent from 2016 primarily driven by a 11.9 percent increase in sales volume, including a 7.7 percent increase due to acquisitions, and 0.8 percent in product pricing offset by a 2.2 percent decrease in currency and a 0.4 percent decrease due to unfavorable sales mix.

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● Gross profit margin decreased to 26.2 percent from 29.1 percent in 2016 primarily due to higher raw material costs and the impact of acquired businesses including the inventory step up related to our recent acquisitions.

● We acquired Adecol for $44.7 million, Royal Adhesives for $1,622.7 million and Wisdom Adhesives for $123.5 million.  Inclusion of the acquired businesses increased net revenue by $161.7 million.

● Cash flow generated by operating activities from continuing operations was $138.2 million in 2017 as compared to $195.7 million in 2016 and $210.5 million in 2015. 

Our total year constant currency sales growth, which we define as the combined variances from sales volume, product pricing, sales mix and business acquisitions, increased 12.3 percent for 2017 compared to 2016. The inclusion of a 53^rd week in 2016 negatively impacted 2017 constant currency sales growth by approximately 2.0 percent. 

In 2017, our diluted earnings per share from continuing operations was $1.13 per share compared to $2.42 per share in 2016 and $1.71 per share in 2015. The lower earnings per share from continuing operations in 2017 compared to 2016 was due to an increase in transaction costs related to acquisitions, including make-whole costs associated with the early repayment of certain outstanding debt obligations, and the implementation of the 2017 Restructuring Plan.

Project ONE

In December of 2012, our Board of Directors approved a multi-year project to replace and enhance our existing core information technology platforms. The scope for this project includes most of the basic transaction processing for the company including customer orders, procurement, manufacturing, and financial reporting. The project envisions harmonized business processes for all of our operating segments supported with one standard software configuration. The execution of this project, which we refer to as Project ONE, is being supported by internal resources and consulting services.

During 2013, a project team was formed and the global blueprint for the software configuration was designed and built. In the latter half of 2013 and in the early months of 2014, the global blueprint was applied to the specific requirements of our North America adhesives business, the software was tested and the user groups were trained. On April 6, 2014, our North America adhesives business went live. The implementation process proved to be more difficult than we originally anticipated resulting in disruptions in our manufacturing network, lower productivity and deteriorated customer service levels. By the end of 2014, most of the problems associated with the software implementation had been remediated and the business was stable and running at capacity with productivity levels approaching the levels experienced prior to the new software implementation.

In 2017, we re-initiated Project ONE and began the implementation of our ERP system in Argentina. The project work was completed at the end of fiscal 2017 and the system went live at the beginning of fiscal 2018. We expect full implementation of our ERP system in Latin America in early 2019, followed by continued implementation in North America (including our acquired businesses and Construction Products business), EIMEA and Asia Pacific.

Total expenditures for Project ONE are estimated to be $125 to $150 million, of which 50-60% is expected to be capital expenditures. Our total project-to-date expenditures are approximately $50 million, of which approximately $33 million are capital expenditures. Given the complexity of the implementation, the total investment to complete the project may exceed our estimate. 

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Restructuring Plan

On December 7, 2016, the Company approved a restructuring plan (the “2017 Restructuring Plan”) related to organizational changes and other actions to optimize operations. In implementing the 2017 Restructuring Plan, we expect to incur pre-tax costs of approximately $20.0 million which includes severance and related employee costs and costs related to the optimization of production facilities, streamlining of processes, rationalization of product offerings and accelerated depreciation of long-lived assets. The 2017 Restructuring Plan was implemented in the first quarter of 2017 and is currently expected to be completed by mid-year of fiscal 2018. During the year ended December 2, 2017, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $18.0 million related to the 2017 Restructuring Plan.

Federal Income Tax Reform

On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law H.R. 1, originally known as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”, hereafter referred to as “U.S. Tax Reform”. The Company is in the process of determining the impact to the financial statements of all aspects of U.S. Tax Reform and will reflect the impact of such reform in the financial statements during the period in which such amounts can be reasonably estimated.  U.S. Tax Reform includes a number of provisions, including the lowering of the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent, effective January 1, 2018, which will result in a blended federal tax rate for fiscal year 2018.  There are also provisions that may partially offset the benefit of such rate reduction, such as the repeal of the deduction for domestic production activities.  U.S. Tax Reform also includes international provisions, which generally establish a territorial-style system for taxing foreign-source income of domestic multinational corporations.   Financial statement impacts will include adjustments for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets (liabilities) and the accrual for deemed repatriation tax on unremitted foreign earnings and profits.  The Company anticipates that the impact of U.S. Tax Reform may be material to the income tax expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income and related income tax balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flow.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

Management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition are based upon the Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We believe the critical accounting policies and areas that require the most significant judgments and estimates to be used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are pension and other postretirement plan assumptions; goodwill impairment assessment; long-lived assets recoverability; product, environmental and other litigation liabilities; accounting for our contingent consideration liability; income tax accounting; and acquisition accounting.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plan Assumptions

We sponsor defined-benefit pension plans in both the U.S. and non-U.S. entities. Also in the U.S., we sponsor other postretirement plans for health care and life insurance benefits. Expenses and liabilities for the pension plans and other postretirement plans are actuarially calculated. These calculations are based on our assumptions related to the discount rate, expected return on assets, projected salary increases and health care cost trend rates. Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements includes disclosure of assumptions employed in these measurements for both the non-U.S. and U.S. plans.

The discount rate assumption is determined using an actuarial yield curve approach, which results in a discount rate that reflects the characteristics of the plan. The approach identifies a broad population of corporate bonds that meet the quality and size criteria for the particular plan. We use this approach rather than a specific index that has a certain set of bonds that may or may not be representative of the characteristics of our particular plan. A higher discount rate reduces the present value of the pension obligations. The discount rate for the U.S. pension plan was 3.73 percent at December 2, 2017, as compared to 4.10 percent at December 3, 2016 and 4.30 percent at November 28, 2015. Net periodic pension cost for a given fiscal year is based on assumptions developed at the end of the previous fiscal year. A discount rate reduction of 0.5 percentage points at December 2, 2017 would increase U.S. pension and other postretirement plan expense approximately $0.1 million (pre-tax) in fiscal 2018. Discount rates for non-U.S. plans are determined in a manner consistent with the U.S. plans.

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The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption for the U.S. pension plan was 7.75 percent in 2017, 2016 and 2015.  Our expected long-term rate of return on U.S. plan assets was based on our target asset allocation assumption of 60 percent equities and 40 percent fixed-income. Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets by considering the expected future returns and volatility levels for each asset class that are based on historical returns and forward looking observations. For 2017, the expected long-term rate of return on the target equities allocation was 8.5 percent and the expected long-term rate of return on the target fixed-income allocation was 5.0 percent. The total plan rate of return assumption included an estimate of the effect of diversification and the plan expense. For 2018, the expected long-term rate of return on assets will continue to be 7.75 percent with an expected long-term rate of return on the target equities allocation of 8.2 percent and an expected long-term rate of return on target fixed-income allocation of 5.6 percent. A change of 0.5 percentage points for the expected return on assets assumption would impact U.S. net pension and other postretirement plan expense by approximately $2.3 million (pre-tax).

Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, uses the actual historical rates of return of the asset categories to assess the reasonableness of the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The most recent 10-year and 20-year historical equity returns are shown in the table below.  Our expected rate of return on our total portfolio is consistent with the historical patterns observed over longer time frames.

U.S. Pension Plan Historical actual rates of return	Total Portfolio			Equities			Fixed Income
10-year period		6.0	%		5.8	%		8.0	%
20-year period		8.6	%		8.3	%		8.1	%*

* Beginning in 2006, our target allocation migrated from 100 percent equities to our current allocation of 60 percent equities and 40 percent fixed-income. The historical actual rate of return for the fixed income of 8.1 percent is since inception (11 years, 11 months).

The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption for non-U.S. pension plans was a weighted-average of 6.21 percent in 2017 compared to 6.20 percent in 2016 and 6.22 percent in 2015. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption used in each non-U.S. plan is determined on a plan-by-plan basis for each local jurisdiction and is based on expected future returns for the investment mix of assets currently in the portfolio for that plan.  Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, develops expected rates of return for each plan, considers expected long-term returns for each asset category in the plan, reviews expectations for inflation for each local jurisdiction, and estimates the effect of active management of the plan’s assets. Our largest non-U.S. pension plans are in the United Kingdom and Germany. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the United Kingdom was 6.75 percent and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for Germany was 5.75 percent. Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, uses actual historical returns of the asset portfolio to assess the reasonableness of the expected rate of return for each plan.

The projected salary increase assumption is based on historic trends and comparisons to the external market. Higher rates of increase result in higher pension expenses. As this rate is also a long-term expected rate, it is less likely to change on an annual basis. In the U.S., we have used the rate of 4.50 percent for 2017, 2016 and 2015. Benefits under the U.S. Pension Plan were locked-in as of May 31, 2011 and no longer include compensation increases. The 4.50 percent rate is for the supplemental executive retirement plan only. Projected salary increase assumptions for non-U.S. plans are determined in a manner consistent with the U.S. plans.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a purchase business combination. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been assigned to a reporting unit, it no longer retains its association with a particular acquisition, and all the activities within a reporting unit are available to support the value of goodwill. Accounting standards require us to test goodwill for impairment annually or more often if circumstances or events indicate a change in the estimated fair value may have occurred.

The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step process. The first step used to identify potential impairment involves comparing each reporting unit’s estimated fair value to its carrying value, including goodwill. We use a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. Our judgment is required in developing the assumptions for the discounted cash flow model. These assumptions include revenue growth rates, profit margin percentages, discount rates, perpetuity growth rates, future capital expenditures and working capital requirements. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is considered to not be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds estimated fair value, there is an indication of potential impairment and the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment.

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The second step of the process, if required, involves the calculation of an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which step one indicated impairment. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a manner similar to how goodwill is calculated in a business combination, by measuring the excess of the estimated fair value of the reporting unit as calculated in step one, over the estimated fair values of the individual assets, liabilities and identifiable intangibles as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the carrying value of goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment. If the carrying value of goodwill assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess. An impairment loss cannot exceed the carrying value of goodwill assigned to a reporting unit, and the loss establishes a new basis in the goodwill. Subsequent reversal of goodwill impairment losses is not permitted.

In the fourth quarter of 2017, we conducted the required annual test of goodwill for impairment. We performed the goodwill impairment analysis by using a discount rate determined by management to result in the most representative fair value of the business as a whole. There were no indications of impairment in any of our remaining reporting units.

Of the goodwill balance of $1,336.7 million as of December 2, 2017, $108.0 million is allocated to the EIMEA reporting unit. The calculated fair value of this reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 60 percent. The goodwill balance in the Tonsan reporting unit as of December 2, 2017 is $119.0 million. The calculated fair value of this reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 60 percent. The goodwill balance in the Construction Products reporting unit as of December 2, 2017 is $20.8 million. The calculated fair value of this reporting unit exceeded it carrying value by approximately 90 percent. For all of these reporting units, the Company believes the calculated fair value exceeds the carrying value by a reasonable margin. For the remaining reporting units assessed in our annual impairment test, the calculated fair value substantially exceeded the carrying value of the net assets.

If the economy or business environment falter and we are unable to achieve our assumed revenue growth rates or profit margin percentages, our projections used would need to be remeasured, which could impact the carrying value of our goodwill in one or more of our reporting units. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets

The assessment of the recoverability of long-lived assets reflects our assumptions and estimates. Factors that we must estimate when performing impairment tests include sales volume, prices, inflation, currency exchange rates, tax rates and capital spending. Significant judgment is involved in estimating these factors, and they include inherent uncertainties. The measurement of the recoverability of these assets is dependent upon the accuracy of the assumptions used in making these estimates and how the estimates compare to the eventual future operating performance of the specific businesses to which the assets are attributed.

Judgments made by us include the expected useful lives of long-lived assets. The ability to realize undiscounted cash flows in excess of the carrying amounts of such assets is affected by factors such as the ongoing maintenance and improvement of the assets, changes in economic conditions and changes in operating performance.

Product, Environmental and Other Litigation Liabilities

As disclosed in Item 3. Legal Proceedings and in Note 1 and Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we are subject to various claims, lawsuits and other legal proceedings. Reserves for loss contingencies associated with these matters are established when it is determined that a liability is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The assessment of the probable liabilities is based on the facts and circumstances known at the time that the financial statements are being prepared. For cases in which it is determined that a liability is probable but only a range for the potential loss exists, the minimum amount of the range is recorded and subsequently adjusted as better information becomes available.

For cases in which insurance coverage is available, the gross amount of the estimated liabilities is accrued, and a receivable is recorded for any probable estimated insurance recoveries. A discussion of environmental, product and other litigation liabilities is disclosed in Item 3. Legal Proceedings and Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Based upon currently available facts, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of any pending legal proceeding, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our long-term financial condition. However, adverse developments and/or periodic settlements could negatively affect our results of operations or cash flows in one or more future quarters.

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Contingent Consideration Liability

Concurrent with a business acquisition, we entered into an agreement that requires us to pay the sellers a certain amount based upon a formula related to the entity’s gross profit in 2018. We use the income approach in calculating the fair value of this contingent consideration liability using a real option model. The significant judgments and assumptions utilized in the calculation of the contingent consideration liability include revenue growth rates, profit margin percentages, volatility and discount rate, which are sensitive to change. The change in fair value of the contingent consideration liability each reporting period is recorded in selling, general and administration expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 2 and Note 13 for additional information.

Income Tax Accounting

As part of the process of preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The process involves estimating actual current tax expense along with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for book and tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more-likely-than-not to be realized. We have considered future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance. Increases in the valuation allowance result in additional expense to be reflected within the tax provision in the Consolidated Statements of Income. As of December 2, 2017, the valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets totaled $9.3 million.

We recognize tax benefits for tax positions for which it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained by the applicable tax authority at the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We do not recognize a financial statement benefit for a tax position that does not meet the more-likely-than-not threshold. We believe that our liabilities for income taxes reflect the most likely outcome. It is difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of the resolution of any particular tax position. Future changes in judgment related to the resolution of tax positions will impact earnings in the quarter of such change. We adjust our income tax liabilities related to tax positions in light of changing facts and circumstances. Settlement with respect to a tax position would usually require cash. Based upon our analysis of tax positions taken on prior year returns and expected tax positions to be taken for the current year tax returns, we have identified gross uncertain tax positions of $8.9 million as of December 2, 2017.

We have not recorded U.S. deferred income taxes for certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries undistributed earnings as such amounts are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S. Should we change our business strategies related to these non-U.S. subsidiaries, additional U.S. tax liabilities could be incurred. It is not practical to estimate the amount of these additional tax liabilities. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on income tax accounting.

Acquisition Accounting

As we enter into business combinations, we perform acquisition accounting requirements including the following:

● Identifying the acquirer,

● Determining the acquisition date,

● Recognizing and measuring the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, and

● Recognizing and measuring goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase.

We complete valuation procedures, and record the resulting fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based upon the valuation of the business enterprise and the tangible and intangible assets acquired. Enterprise value allocation methodology requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If estimates or assumptions used to complete the enterprise valuation and estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities significantly differed from assumptions made, the resulting difference could materially affect the fair value of net assets.

The calculation of the fair value of the tangible assets, including property, plant and equipment utilizes the cost approach, which computes the cost to replace the asset, less accrued depreciation resulting from physical deterioration, functional obsolescence and external obsolescence.  The calculation of the fair value of the identified intangible assets are determined using cash flow models following the income approach or a discounted market-based methodology approach. Significant inputs include estimated revenue growth rates, gross margins, operating expenses, estimated attrition rate, and a discount rate.  Goodwill is recorded as the difference in the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities and the purchase price.

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Results of Operations
Net revenue
($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015		2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	2,306.0	$	2,094.6	$	2,083.7		10.1	%		0.5	%

Net revenue in 2017 increased 10.1 percent from 2016.  Every five or six years we have a 53^rd week in our fiscal year. 2016 was a 53-week year which contributed approximately 2.0 percent to net revenue in 2016, primarily related to volume. The 2016 net revenue was 0.5 percent higher than the net revenue in 2015.  In analyzing our results of operations from period to period, we review variances in net revenue in terms of changes related to sales volume, product pricing, sales mix, business acquisitions and changes in foreign currency exchange rates.  The impact of sales volume, product pricing, sales mix and acquisitions including Royal Adhesives, Adecol, Wisdom, Cyberbond, L.L.C., Advanced Adhesives and Tonsan are viewed as constant currency growth.  The following table shows the net revenue variance analysis for the past two years:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		12.3	%		2.3	%
Currency		(2.2	)%		(1.8	)%
		10.1	%		0.5	%

Constant currency growth was 12.3 percent in 2017 compared to 2016. The inclusion of a 53^rd week in 2016 negatively impacted 2017 constant currency sales growth by approximately 2.0 percent. The 12.3 percent constant currency growth in 2017 was driven by 19.8 percent growth in Engineering Adhesives, 10.9 percent growth in Asia Pacific, 10.5 percent growth in Americas Adhesives, and 7.2 percent growth in EIMEA, offset by a 7.2 percent decrease in Construction Products. Constant currency growth in 2017 also includes 3.7 percent growth attributable to the acquisition of Royal Adhesives. The negative 2.2 percent currency impact was primarily driven by the devaluation of the Egyptian pound, Turkish lira, Chinese renminbi, Argentinian peso, Mexican peso and Malaysian ringgit partially offset by a stronger Euro, Indian rupee and Australian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar.

Constant currency growth was 2.3 percent in 2016 compared to 2015. The 2016 sales volume included approximately 2.0 percent in incremental net revenue related to the 53^rd week. The 2.3 percent constant currency growth in 2016 was driven by 27.3 percent growth in Engineering Adhesives, 8.5 percent growth in Asia Pacific and 2.0 percent growth in EIMEA, offset by a 5.8 percent decrease in Construction Products and 2.7 percent decrease in Americas Adhesives. The negative 1.8 percent currency impact was primarily driven by the devaluation of the Chinese renminbi, Euro, Egyptian pound, Turkish lira, Canadian dollar, Indian rupee, Australian dollar and Malaysian ringgit compared to the U.S. dollar.

Cost of sales
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Raw materials	$	1,288.0		$	1,121.4		$	1,161.3			14.9	%		(3.4	)%
Other manufacturing costs		414.9			363.4			354.3			14.2	%		2.6	%
Cost of sales	$	1,702.9		$	1,484.8		$	1,515.6			14.7	%		(2.0	)%
Percent of net revenue		73.8	%		70.9	%		72.7	%

Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 240 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016 due to higher raw material costs and the impact of acquired businesses including the inventory step up related to our recent acquisitions. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of revenue increased 70 basis points compared to 2016 driven primarily by the impact of acquired businesses and the implementation of the 2017 Restructuring Plan. As a result, cost of sales as a percentage of net revenue increased 290 basis points compared to 2016.

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Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue decreased 220 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015 due to lower raw material costs, sales mix and the 2015 impact of valuing inventories acquired in the Tonsan Adhesive, Inc. acquisition at fair value. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of revenue increased 40 basis points compared to 2015. As a result, cost of sales as a percentage of net revenue decreased 180 basis points compared to 2015.

Gross profit
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Gross profit	$	603.2		$	609.8		$	568.0			(1.1	)%		7.4	%
Percent of net revenue		26.2	%		29.1	%		27.3	%

Gross profit in 2017 decreased $6.6 million compared to 2016 and gross profit margin decreased 290 basis points. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily due to higher raw material costs, the impact of acquired businesses and the implementation of the 2017 Restructuring Plan.

Gross profit in 2016 increased $41.8 million compared to 2015 and gross profit margin increased 180 basis points. The decrease in the cost of raw materials was the main factor for the increase in gross profit.

Selling, general and administrative expenses
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
SG&A	$	477.0		$	407.6		$	397.6			17.0	%		2.5	%
Percent of net revenue		20.7	%		19.5	%		19.1	%

Selling, general and administration (“SG&A”) expenses for 2017 increased $69.4 million or 17.0 percent compared to 2016. The increase is mainly due to the impact of acquired businesses, transaction costs related to acquisitions and higher variable compensation, partially offset by lower expenses related to general spending reductions and foreign currency exchange rate benefits on spending outside the U.S.

SG&A expenses for 2016 increased $10.0 million or 2.5 percent compared to 2015. The increase is mainly due to higher personnel costs related to increased headcount, a full year of Tonsan operations for 2016 and incremental expenses coming from newly acquired businesses compared to 2015. This increase is partially offset by lower expenses related to general spending reductions, foreign currency exchange rate benefits on spending outside the U.S. and the mark to market adjustment related to the Tonsan contingent consideration liability.

We make SG&A expense plans at the beginning of each fiscal year and barring significant changes in business conditions or our outlook for the future, we maintain these spending plans for the entire year. Management routinely monitors our SG&A spending relative to these fiscal year plans for each operating segment and for the company overall. We feel it is important to maintain a consistent spending program in this area as many of the activities within the SG&A category such as the sales force, technology development, and customer service are critical elements of our business strategy.

Special Charges, net
($ in millions)	2017		2016			2015
Special Charges, net	$	-	$	(0.2	)	$	4.7

The following table provides detail of special charges, net:

($ in millions)	2017		2016			2015
Acquisition and transformation related costs	$	-	$	0.2		$	0.7
Facility exit costs		-		(0.6	)		3.7
Other related costs		-		0.2			0.3
Special charges, net	$	-	$	(0.2	)	$	4.7

The integration of the industrial adhesives business we acquired in March 2012 involved a significant amount of restructuring and capital investment to optimize the new combined entity. In addition to this acquisition, we announced our intentions to take a series of actions in our existing EIMEA operating segment to improve the profitability and future growth prospects of this operating segment. We combined these two initiatives into a single project which we refer to as the Business Integration Project. The Business Integration Project was substantially complete at the end of 2016, and no special charges, net were incurred during the year ended December 2, 2017. We incurred special charges, net of $(0.2) million and $4.7 million for costs related to the Business Integration Project during the years ended December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015, respectively.

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Acquisition and transformation related costs of $0.2 million for the year ended December 3, 2016 and $0.7 million for the year ended November 28, 2015 include costs related to organization consulting, financial advisory and legal services necessary to integrate the acquired business into our existing operating segments. 

During the year ended December 3, 2016, we incurred cash facility exit costs of $1.3 million, non-cash facility exit costs of $1.7 million and other incremental transformation related costs of $0.2 million including the cost of personnel directly working on the integration. Also included in facility exit costs for 2016 is a $3.6 million gain on the sale of our production facility located in Wels, Austria. During the year ended November 28, 2015, we incurred cash facility exit costs of $2.2 million, non-cash facility exit costs of $1.5 million and other incremental transformation related costs of $0.3 million including the cost of personnel directly working on the integration.

Other expense, net 

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015
Other expense, net	$	(23.7	)	$	(7.6	)	$	(2.5	)

Other expense, net includes currency transaction and remeasurement losses of $2.4 million, $9.5 million and $3.5 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Interest income was $3.9 million in 2017 compared to $2.0 million in 2016 and $0.5 million in 2015.  Gain (loss) on disposal of fixed assets was nil, ($0.8) million and $0.3 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Other expense, net for 2017 also includes $25.5 million of expense related to make-whole costs associated with the early repayment of certain outstanding debt obligations which were refinanced upon entering into the Term Loan B Credit Agreement (as described in Note 6 to our Consolidated Financial Statements).

Interest expense

($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015
Interest expense	$	43.7	$	27.4	$	25.0

Interest expense was $43.7 million in 2017 compared to $27.4 million in 2016 and $25.0 million in 2015. The higher interest expense in 2017 compared to 2016 was due primarily to higher U.S. debt balances from the issuance of our Term Loan B Credit Agreement and the Public Notes (as described in Note 6 to our Consolidated Financial Statements) and the write-off of capitalized debt issuance costs on repaid debt facilities. The higher interest expense in 2016 compared to 2015 was due to higher LIBOR rates on floating rate debt held in the U.S. and larger local currency balances at higher interest rates. We capitalized interest of $0.3 million, $0.8 million and $0.1 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Income taxes

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015
Income taxes	$	9.1		$	50.4		$	55.9
Effective tax rate		15.5	%		30.1	%		40.4	%

Income tax expense in 2017 of $9.1 million includes $4.1 million of discrete tax benefits in both the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions, primarily related to the release of the valuation allowance in Brazil in conjunction with the Adecol acquisition. Income tax expense in 2016 of $50.4 million includes $2.6 million of discrete tax benefits in both the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. Income tax expense in 2015 of $55.9 million included $0.2 million of discrete tax expense in both the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. Excluding discrete items, the overall effective tax rate decreased by 9.2 percentage points in 2017 as compared to 2016 and decreased by 8.5 percentage points in 2016 as compared to 2015. The decrease in the tax rate is principally due to a pre-tax loss in the U.S. and a decrease in the effective rate outside the U.S. due to a change in the geographic mix of pre-tax earnings.

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Income from equity method investments

($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015
Income from equity method investments	$	8.7	$	7.4	$	5.9

The income from equity method investments relates to our 50 percent ownership of the Sekisui-Fuller joint venture in Japan. The higher income for 2017 compared to 2016 relates to higher net income in our joint venture. The higher income for 2016 compared to 2015 is related to higher net income in our joint venture and the impact of a stronger Japanese yen.

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	-	$	-	$	(1.3	)

The loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, relates to our Central America Paints business, which we sold in 2012. In 2015, in conjunction with the final settlement agreement, we increased our contingent consideration liability by $2.1 million and adjusted the related deferred income tax.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

($ in millions)	2017		2016			2015
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests	$	-	$	(0.3	)	$	(0.4	)

The net income attributable to non-controlling interests related to the redeemable non-controlling interest in H.B. Fuller Kimya Sanayi Ticaret A.S. (HBF Kimya). During fiscal 2017, we purchased the remaining shares from the non-controlling shareholder.

Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller	$	58.2		$	124.1		$	86.7			(53.1	)%		43.2	%
Percent of net revenue		2.5	%		5.9	%		4.2	%

Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller was $58.2 million in 2017 compared to $124.1 million in 2016 and $86.7 million in 2015. Diluted earnings per share, from continuing operations, was $1.13 per share in 2017, $2.42 per share for 2016 and $1.71 per share for 2015.

Operating Segment Results

We are required to report segment information in the same way that we internally organize our business for assessing performance and making decisions regarding allocation of resources. For segment evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, segment operating income is defined as gross profit less SG&A expenses. Segment operating income excludes special charges, net. Inter-segment revenues are recorded at cost plus a markup for administrative costs. Corporate expenses are fully allocated to each operating segment.

The acquisition of Royal Adhesives during the fourth quarter of 2017 resulted in the addition of another reportable segment. We have six reportable segments for the year ended December 2, 2017: Americas Adhesives, EIMEA, Asia Pacific, Construction Products, Engineering Adhesives and Royal Adhesives.

The tables below provide certain information regarding the net revenue and segment operating income of each of our operating segments.

Net Revenue by Segment

	2017					2016					2015
	Net		% of			Net		% of			Net		% of
($ in millions)	Revenue		Total			Revenue		Total			Revenue		Total
Americas Adhesives	$	888.6		39	%	$	806.1		38	%	$	830.8		40	%
EIMEA		548.4		24	%		545.1		26	%		549.6		26	%
Asia Pacific		264.2		11	%		241.8		12	%		230.7		11	%
Construction Products		238.5		10	%		256.4		12	%		272.7		13	%
Engineering Adhesives		289.3		13	%		245.2		12	%		199.9		10	%
Royal Adhesives		77.0		3	%		-		-			-		-
Total	$	2,306.0		100	%	$	2,094.6		100	%	$	2,083.7		100	%

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Segment Operating Income (Loss)

	2017						2016					2015
	Operating			% of			Operating		% of			Operating		% of
($ in millions)	Income			Total			Income		Total			Income		Total
Americas Adhesives	$	99.0			79	%	$	126.0		61	%	$	127.8		74	%
EIMEA		29.9			24	%		40.1		20	%		15.1		9	%
Asia Pacific		15.3			12	%		15.4		8	%		13.0		8	%
Construction Products		(1.1	)		(1	)%		3.3		2	%		13.7		8	%
Engineering Adhesives	20.4				16	%		17.4		9	%		0.9		1	%
Royal Adhesives		(37.4	)		(30	)%		-		-			-		-
Total	$	126.1			100	%	$	202.2		100	%	$	170.5		100	%

The following table provides a reconciliation of segment operating income to income from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015
Segment operating income	$	126.1		$	202.2		$	170.5
Special charges, net		-			0.2			(4.7	)
Other income (expense), net		(23.7	)		(7.6	)		(2.5	)
Interest expense		(43.7	)		(27.4	)		(25.0	)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments	$	58.7		$	167.4		$	138.3

Americas Adhesives

($ in millions)	2017		2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	888.6	$	806.1		$	830.8			10.2	%		(3.0	)%
Segment operating income	$	99.0	$	126.0		$	127.8			(21.4	)%		(1.4	)%
Segment profit margin %				11.1	%		15.6	%		15.4	%

The following tables provide details of Americas Adhesives net revenue variances:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		10.5	%		(2.7	)%
Currency		(0.3	)%		(0.3	)%
Total		10.2	%		(3.0	)%

Net revenue increased 10.2 percent in 2017 compared to 2016.  The 10.5 percent increase in constant currency growth was attributable to an 11.7 percent increase in sales volume, including an 8.2 percent increase due to the Wisdom Adhesives acquisition and a 0.5 percent increase due to the Adecol acquisition offset by an unfavorable 0.8 percent decrease in sales mix and a 0.4 percent decrease in product pricing.  The 0.3 percent negative currency effect was due to the weaker Argentinian peso and Mexican peso, offset by the stronger Brazilian real and Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar.  As a percentage of net revenue, raw material costs increased 300 basis points mainly due to higher raw material costs and the inventory step up related to the Wisdom and Adecol acquisitions.  Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 170 basis points, primarily due to the acquisition and integration of Wisdom Adhesives.  Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue decreased 20 basis points.  Segment operating income decreased 21.4 percent and segment operating margin as a percentage of net revenue decreased 450 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016.

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Net revenue decreased 3.0 percent in 2016 compared to 2015. The 2.7 percent decrease in constant currency growth was attributable to a 0.2 percent increase in sales volume offset by a 2.9 percent decrease in product pricing. The 0.3 percent negative currency effect was due to the weaker Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. The sales volume increase was driven by modest market share gains partially offset by general end-market weakness in Latin America and unfavorable sales mix. As a percentage of net revenue, raw material costs decreased 150 basis points mainly due to reductions in raw material costs. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 40 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015. Segment operating income decreased 1.4 percent and segment operating margin as a percentage of net revenue increased 20 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015.

EIMEA

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	548.4		$	545.1		$	549.6			0.6	%		(0.8	)%
Segment operating income	$	29.9		$	40.1		$	15.1			(25.5	)%		165.4	%
Segment profit margin %		5.5	%		7.4	%		2.8	%

The following table provides details of the EIMEA net revenue variances:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		7.2	%		2.0	%
Currency		(6.6	)%		(2.8	)%
Total		0.6	%		(0.8	)%

Net revenue increased 0.6 percent in 2017 compared to 2016. The 7.2 percent increase in constant currency growth was attributable to a 4.5 percent increase in product pricing, a 2.6 percent increase in sales volume and a 0.1 percent increase due to favorable sales mix. Sales volume growth was primarily related to the hygiene and durable assembly markets. In addition, we had strong growth in the emerging markets. The 6.6 percent negative currency effect was primarily the result of a weaker Egyptian pound and Turkish lira offset by a stronger Euro and Indian rupee compared to the U.S. dollar. Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 160 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016 primarily due to higher raw material costs offset by higher product pricing. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue decreased 10 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016. Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue increased 30 basis points. Segment operating income decreased 25.5 percent and segment operating margin decreased 190 basis points compared to 2016.

Net revenue decreased 0.8 percent in 2016 compared to 2015. The 2.0 percent increase in constant currency growth was attributable to a 3.0 percent increase in sales volume offset by a 1.0 percent decrease in product pricing. Sales volume growth was primarily related to the hygiene market, with strong growth in the emerging markets, as well as growth in core Europe. The 2.8 percent negative currency effect was primarily the result of a weaker Euro, Egyptian pound, Turkish lira and Indian rupee compared to the U.S. dollar. Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue decreased 300 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to lower raw material costs. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue were 100 basis points lower than 2015 primarily due to improved production efficiencies, lower freight costs and favorable currency impacts.  Segment operating income increased 165.4 percent and segment operating margin increased 460 basis points compared to 2015.

Asia Pacific

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	264.2		$	241.8		$	230.7			9.3	%		4.8	%
Segment operating income	$	15.3		$	15.4		$	13.0			(0.6	)%		19.0	%
Segment profit margin %		5.8	%		6.4	%		5.6	%

The following table provides details of Asia Pacific net revenue variances:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		10.9	%		8.5	%
Currency		(1.6	)%		(3.7	)%
Total		9.3	%		4.8	%

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Net revenue in 2017 increased 9.3 percent compared to 2016. The 10.9 percent increase in constant currency growth was attributable to a 12.0 percent increase in sales volume, including a 2.8 percent increase due to the Advanced Adhesives acquisition, partially offset by a 0.6 percent decrease in product pricing and a 0.5 percent decrease due to unfavorable sales mix.  Organic constant currency growth was primarily driven by volume growth in Greater China.  Negative currency effects of 1.6 percent compared to 2016 were primarily driven by the weaker Chinese renminbi and Malaysian ringgit compared to the U.S. dollar, partially offset by a stronger Australian dollar.  Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 150 basis points compared to 2016, primarily due to higher raw material costs.  Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue decreased 50 basis points compared to 2016.  Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue decreased 40 basis points.  Segment operating income decreased 0.6 percent and segment operating margin decreased 60 basis points compared to 2016.

Net revenue in 2016 increased 4.8 percent compared to 2015. The 8.5 percent increase in constant currency growth was attributable to a 10.8 percent increase in sales volume partially offset by a 2.3 percent decrease in product pricing. Most of the growth compared to 2015 is driven by the acquisition of Advanced Adhesives that occurred during the second quarter of 2016, as well as growth in Southeast Asia and Greater China. Negative currency effects of 3.7 percent compared to 2015 were primarily driven by the weaker Chinese renminbi, Australian dollar and Malaysian ringgit compared to the U.S. dollar. Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue decreased 140 basis points compared to 2015 due to lower raw material costs and changes in sales mix, partially offset by the impact of valuing inventories related to the Advanced Adhesives acquisition at fair value. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue increased 110 basis points compared to 2015, primarily due to the acquisition of Advanced Adhesives and the costs to rationalize certain production capabilities in Southeast Asia. Segment operating income increased 19 percent and segment operating margin increased 80 basis points compared to 2015.

Construction Products

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	238.5		$	256.4		$	272.7			(7.0	)%		(6.0	)%
Segment operating income (loss)	$	(1.1	)	$	3.3		$	13.7			(133.3	)%		(76.3	)%
Segment profit margin %		(0.5	)%		1.3	%		5.0	%

The following tables provide details of Construction Products net revenue variances:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		(7.2	)%		(5.8	)%
Currency		0.2	%		(0.2	)%
Total		(7.0	)%		(6.0	)%

Net revenue decreased 7.0 percent in 2017 compared to 2016. The 7.2 percent decrease in constant currency growth was driven by a 6.9 percent decrease in sales volume and a 0.3 percent decrease due to unfavorable sales mix.  The sales volume decline was due to lower service levels related to the facility upgrade and expansion project. Positive currency effects of 0.2 percent compared to 2016 were primarily driven by the stronger Australian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue was 140 basis points lower in 2017 compared to 2016 primarily due to lower raw material costs. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue were 280 basis points higher in 2017 compared to 2016 due to inefficiencies related to the facility upgrade and expansion project. Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue increased 30 basis points. Segment operating income (loss) decreased 133.3 percent and segment profit margin decreased 180 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016.

Net revenue decreased 6.0 percent in 2016 compared to 2015. The 5.8 percent decrease in constant currency growth was driven by a 6.7 percent decrease in sales volume offset by a 0.9 percent increase in product pricing. The decrease in sales volume was primarily attributed to lower export revenue, inventory rebalancing with certain channel partners and a strong fiscal 2015 driven by market share gains with certain retail partners. The increase in pricing is mainly due to price increases related to certain product lines in multiple channels.Negative currency effects of 0.2 percent compared to 2015 were primarily driven by the weaker Australian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue was 210 basis points lower in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to changes in product mix and lower raw material costs. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue were 360 basis points higher in 2016 compared to 2015 mainly due to higher supply chain costs as we complete the facility upgrade and expansion project. Segment operating income decreased 76.3 percent and segment profit margin decreased 370 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015.

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Engineering Adhesives

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015			2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	289.3		$	245.2		$	199.9			18.0	%		22.7	%
Segment operating income	$	20.4		$	17.4		$	0.9			17.2	%		NMP
Segment profit margin %		7.0	%		7.1	%		0.4	%

The following tables provide details of Engineering Adhesives net revenue variances:

	2017 vs 2016			2016 vs 2015
Constant currency growth		19.8	%		27.3	%
Currency		(1.8	)%		(4.6	)%
Total		18.0	%		22.7	%

Net revenue increased 18.0 percent in 2017 compared to 2016. The 19.8 percent increase in constant currency growth was driven by a 21.4 percent increase in sales volume including a 3.2 percent increase due to the acquisition of Cyberbond, L.L.C., partially offset by a 1.2 percent decrease in product pricing and a 0.5 percent decrease due to unfavorable sales mix. Organic constant currency growth was driven by strong performance in the electronics and Tonsan markets.  Negative currency effects of 1.8 percent compared to 2016 were primarily driven by the weaker Chinese renminbi partially offset by a stronger Euro and Indian rupee compared to the U.S. dollar.  Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue was 200 basis points higher in 2017 compared to 2016 due to unfavorable sales mix and higher raw material costs.  Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue were 90 basis points lower in 2017 compared to 2016 primarily due to higher sales volume. Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue decreased 110 basis points compared to 2016, partially due to the net mark to market adjustment related to the Tonsan contingent consideration liability. Segment operating income decreased 17.2 percent and segment operating margin decreased 10 basis points in 2017 compared to 2016.

Net revenue increased 22.7 percent in 2016 compared to 2015. The 27.3 percent increase in constant currency growth was driven by a 27.9 percent increase in sales volume offset by a 0.6 percent decrease in product pricing. The increase in sales volume was partially attributed to a full year of the Tonsan business, which was acquired late in the first quarter of 2015, as well as the acquisition of Cyberbond, L.L.C. that occurred during the third quarter of 2016. Negative currency effects of 4.6 percent compared to 2015 were primarily driven by the weaker Chinese renminbi and Euro compared to the U.S. dollar.  Raw material costs as a percentage of net revenue was 390 basis points lower in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to the impact of valuing inventories related to the Tonsan acquisition at fair value, lower raw material costs and changes in product mix associated with the acquisition of Tonsan. Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net revenue were 40 basis points higher in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to the impact of a full year of the Tonsan business and the Cyberbond, L.L.C. acquisition. Operating expense as a percentage of net revenue decreased 320 basis points compared to 2015, partially due to the net mark to market adjustment related to the Tonsan contingent consideration liability offset by the Cyberbond, L.L.C. acquisition. Segment operating income increased $16.5 million and segment operating margin increased 670 basis points in 2016 compared to 2015.

Royal Adhesives

($ in millions)	2017			2016		2015		2017 vs 2016		2016 vs 2015
Net revenue	$	77.0		$	-	$	-		NMP		-
Segment operating loss	$	(37.4	)	$	-	$	-		NMP		-
Segment profit margin %		(48.5	)%		-		-

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Royal Adhesives was acquired during the fourth quarter of 2017. As a result, there is no comparable financial information for this segment for the years ended December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015. Segment operating income for the year ended December 2, 2017 includes $32.1 million of transaction costs incurred by the Company related to the Royal Adhesives acquisition and $10.8 million of inventory step up expense.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Total cash and cash equivalents as of December 2, 2017 were $194.4 million compared to $142.2 million as of December 3, 2016.  Total long and short-term debt was $2,451.9 million as of December 2, 2017 and $703.3 million as of December 3, 2016.

We believe that cash flows from operating activities will be adequate to meet our ongoing liquidity and capital expenditure needs.  In addition, we believe we have the ability to obtain both short-term and long-term debt to meet our financing needs for the foreseeable future. Cash available in the United States has historically been sufficient and we expect it will continue to be sufficient to fund U.S. operations and U.S. capital spending and U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit contributions in addition to funding U.S. acquisitions, dividend payments, debt service and share repurchases as needed.  For those international earnings considered to be reinvested indefinitely, we currently have no intention to, and plans do not indicate a need to, repatriate these funds for U.S. operations.

Our credit agreements include restrictive covenants that, if not met, could lead to a renegotiation of our credit lines and a significant increase in our cost of financing. At December 2, 2017, we were in compliance with all covenants of our contractual obligations as shown in the following table:

Covenant	Debt Instrument	Measurement	Result as of December 2, 2017
Total Indebtedness / TTM EBITDA	Revolving Credit  Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement	Not greater than 6.5	5.2

● TTM = trailing 12 months

● EBITDA for covenant purposes is defined as consolidated net income, plus interest expense, expense for taxes paid or accrued, depreciation and amortization, certain non-cash impairment losses, extraordinary non-cash losses incurred other than in the ordinary course of business, nonrecurring extraordinary non-cash restructuring charges and the non-cash impact of purchase accounting, expenses related to the Royal Adhesives acquisition not to exceed $40.0 million, one-time costs incurred in connection with prepayment premiums and make-whole amounts under certain agreements, certain “run rate” cost savings and synergies in connection with the Royal Adhesives acquisition not to exceed 15% of Consolidated EBITDA, expenses relating to the integration of Royal Adhesives during the fiscal years ending in 2017, 2018 and 2019 not exceeding $30 million in aggregate, restructuring expenses that began prior to the Royal Adhesives acquisition incurred in fiscal years ending in 2017 and 2018 not exceeding $28 million in aggregate, and non-capitalized charges relating to the SAP implementation during fiscal years ending in 2017 through 2021 not exceeding $13 million in any single fiscal year, minus extraordinary non-cash gains.  For the Total Indebtedness / TTM EBITDA ratio, TTM EBITDA is adjusted for the pro forma results from Material Acquisitions and Material Divestitures as if the acquisition or divestiture occurred at the beginning of the calculation period.  The full definition is set forth in the Term Loan B Credit Agreement and the Amended Revolving Credit Agreement, and can be found in the Company’s 8-K filings dated October 20, 2017 and 8-K dated November 17, 2017, respectively.

We believe we have the ability to meet all of our contractual obligations and commitments in fiscal 2018.

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Net Financial Assets (Liabilities)

($ in millions)	2017			2016
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	194.4		$	142.2
Foreign exchange contracts		0.6			11.7
Cash flow hedges		-			4.7
Interest rate swaps		3.1			1.6
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable		(31.5	)		(37.3	)
Long-term debt		(2,420.4	)		(665.9	)
Foreign exchange contracts		(4.4	)		(6.9	)
Fair value hedges		2.1			-
Cash flow hedges		(20.1	)		-
Net financial liabilities	$	(2,278.3	)	$	(549.9	)

Of the $194.4 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 2, 2017, $172.1 million was held outside the U.S. Of the $172.1 million of cash held outside the U.S., earnings on $161.7 million are indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S. It is not practical for us to determine the U.S. tax implications of the repatriation of these funds.

There are no contractual or regulatory restrictions on the ability of consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries to transfer funds in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances to us, except for: 1) a credit facility limitation restricting investments, loans, advances or capital contributions from Loan Parties to non-Loan Parties in excess of $100.0 million, 2) a credit facility limitation that provides total investments, loans, advances or guarantees not otherwise permitted in the credit agreement for all subsidiaries shall not exceed $125.0 million in the aggregate, 3) a credit facility limitation that provides total investments, dividends, and distributions shall not exceed the Available Amount defined in these agreements, and 4) typical statutory restrictions, which prohibit distributions in excess of net capital or similar tests.  The Royal Adhesives acquisition and any investments, loans, and advances established to consummate the Royal Adhesives acquisition, are excluded from the credit facility limitations described above.  Additionally, we have taken the income tax position that the majority of our cash in non-U.S. locations is indefinitely reinvested.

Debt Outstanding and Debt Capacity

Notes Payable

Notes payable were $31.5 million at December 2, 2017 and $37.3 million at December 3, 2016. These amounts mainly represented various foreign subsidiaries’ short-term borrowings that were not part of committed lines. The weighted-average interest rates on these short-term borrowings were 11.0 percent in 2017 and 13.7 percent in 2016.

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Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of a secured term loan (“Term Loan B”) and an unsecured public note (“Public Notes”).  The Term Loan B bears a floating interest rate at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 2.25 percent (3.53 percent at December 2, 2017) and matures in fiscal year 2024.  The Public Notes bear interest at 4.00 percent fixed interest and matures in fiscal year 2027. We are subject to a par call of 1.00 percent except within three months of maturity date. We currently have no intention to prepay the Public Notes. Additional details on the Public Notes and the Term Loan B Credit Agreement can be found in the 8-K dated February 9, 2017 and the 8-K dated October 20, 2017, respectively.

We executed interest rate swap agreements for the purpose of obtaining a fixed interest rate on $1,050,000 of the $2,150,000 Term Loan B. We have designated forecasted interest payments resulting from the variability of 1-month LIBOR in relation to $1,050,000 of the Term Loan B as the hedged item in cash flow hedges. The combined fair value of the interest rate swaps in total was an asset of $3,104 at December 2, 2017 and was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We are applying the shortcut method in accounting for these interest rate swaps as changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap are expected to offset the changes in cash flows (i.e. changes in interest rate payments) attributable to fluctuations in LIBOR rates on the interest payments associated with the $1,050,000 tranche of variable rate Term Loan B, resulting in no ineffectiveness.

We entered into interest rate swap agreements for the purpose of obtaining a floating rate on $150,000 of our $300,000 Public Notes.  We have designated the $150,000 of public debt as the hedged item in a fair value hedge. The combined fair value of the interest rate swaps in total was a liability of $2,121 at December 2, 2017 and was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The swaps were designated for hedge accounting treatment as fair value hedges. We are applying the shortcut method in accounting for these interest rate swaps as we expect that the changes in the fair value of the swap will offset the changes in the fair value of the Public Notes resulting in no ineffectiveness. As a result of applying the shortcut method, the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap and an equivalent amount for the change in the fair value of the debt will be reflected in other income (expense), net and no ineffectiveness will be recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Lines of Credit

We have a revolving credit agreement with a consortium of financial institutions at December 2, 2017.   This credit agreement creates a secured multi-currency revolving credit facility that we can draw upon to repay existing indebtedness, finance working capital needs, finance acquisitions, and for general corporate purposes up to a maximum of $400.0 million. Interest on the revolving credit facility is payable at LIBOR plus 2.00 percent (3.27 percent at December 2, 2017).  A facility fee of 0.30 percent of the unused commitment under the revolving credit facility is payable quarterly.  The interest rate and the facility fee are based on a leverage grid.  The credit facility expires on April 12, 2022.  As of December 2, 2017, our lines of credit were undrawn. Additional details on the revolving credit agreement can be found in the 8-K dated November 17, 2017. For further information related to debt outstanding and debt capacity, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

As of December 2, 2017, goodwill totaled $1,336.7 million (31 percent of total assets) and other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, totaled $1,001.8 million (23 percent of total assets).

The components of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, net of amortization, by segment at December 2, 2017 are as follows:

	Americas				Asia		Construction		Engineering		Royal
($ in millions)	Adhesives		EIMEA		Pacific		Products		Adhesives		Adhesives		Total
Goodwill	$	141.1	$	108.0	$	18.0	$	22.0	$	178.8	$	868.8	$	1,336.7
Purchased technology & patents		9.3		4.8		1.2		1.4		28.9		59.4		105.0
Customer relationships		70.9		12.2		9.6		60.0		29.4		641.0		823.1
Other finite-lived intangible assets1		4.5		8.6		1.8		3.9		1.2		53.2		73.2
Indefinite-lived intangible assets2		-		0.5		-		-		-		-		0.5

¹ Other finite-lived intangible assets are related to operating segment trademarks.

² Indefinite-lived intangible assets are related to EIMEA operating segment trademarks.

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Selected Metrics of Liquidity and Capital Resources

Key metrics we monitor are net working capital as a percent of annualized net revenue, trade account receivable days sales outstanding (DSO), inventory days on hand, free cash flow and debt capitalization ratio.

	December 2,		December 3,
	2017		2016
Net working capital as a percentage of annualized net revenue1		18.8%		18.9%
Accounts receivable DSO2 (in days)		61		57
Inventory days on hand3 (in days)		59		60
Free cash flow4		$56.2		$104.9
Debt capitalization ratio5		60.3%		42.9%

¹ Current quarter net working capital (trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts plus inventory minus trade payables) divided by annualized net revenue (current quarter, adjusted for extra week, multiplied by 4).

² Trade receivables net of allowance for doubtful accounts multiplied by 56 (8 weeks) for 2017 and 63 (9 weeks) for 2016 and divided by the net revenue for the last 2 months of the quarter.

³ Total inventory multiplied by 56 for 2017 and 63 for 2016 and divided by cost of sales (excluding delivery costs) for the last 2 months of the quarter.

⁴ Net cash provided by operations less purchased property, plant and equipment and dividends paid.

⁵ Total debt divided by (total debt plus total stockholders’ equity).

Summary of Cash Flows

Cash Flows from Operating Activities from Continuing Operations

($ in millions)	2017		2016		2015
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	140.8	$	195.7	$	210.5

Net income including non-controlling interest was $58.3 million in 2017, $124.4 million in 2016 and $87.3 million in 2015. Depreciation and amortization expense totaled $87.4 million in 2017 compared to $77.7 million in 2016 and $75.3 million in 2015. The higher depreciation and amortization expense in 2017 was directly related to the intangible assets acquired in acquisitions.

Changes in net working capital (trade receivables, inventory and trade payables) accounted for a source of cash of $7.0 million and a use of cash of $13.9 million and $10.8 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Following is an assessment of each of the net working capital components:

● Trade Receivables, net – Changes in trade receivables resulted in a $26.8 million use of cash in 2017 compared to $1.9 million source of cash in 2016 and $12.0 million use of cash in 2015. The use of cash in 2017 was related to higher net revenue compared to 2016. The source of cash in 2016 was related to higher collection of receivables somewhat offset by higher net revenue compared to the use of cash in 2015. The DSO was 61 days at December 2, 2017, 57 days at December 3, 2016 and 60 days at November 28, 2015.

● Inventory – Changes in inventory resulted in a $10.6 million use of cash in 2017 compared to a $3.5 million use of cash in 2016 and a $4.6 million use of cash of in 2015. In 2017, inventory levels increased due to higher raw material costs and to maintain service levels while integrating our acquisitions. In 2016, inventory levels decreased slightly from 2015 related to normal activity. Inventory days on hand were 59 days at the end of 2017 compared to 60 days at the end of 2016 and 60 days at the end of 2015.

35

● Trade Payables – Changes in trade payables resulted in a $44.4 million source of cash in 2017 compared to a $12.3 million use of cash in 2016 and a $5.8 million source of cash in 2015. Both comparisons were primarily related to the timing of payments.

Contributions to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans were $4.7 million, $6.6 million and $4.6 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Income taxes payable resulted in a $15.0 million, $1.7 million and $1.4 million use of cash in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Other assets resulted in a $13.0 million use of cash in 2017, an $8.4 million use of cash in 2016 and a $12.0 million source of cash in 2015. Accrued compensation was a $12.2 million, $0.9 million and a $6.0 million source of cash in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The source of cash in 2017 relates to higher accruals for our employee incentive plans and the source of cash in 2016 relates to lower payouts for our employee incentive plans.  Other operating activity was a $8.8 million use of cash in 2017 and a source of cash in $29.5 million and $22.6 million in 2016 and 2015, respectively. This reflects the impact of a stronger U.S. dollar on certain foreign transactions in 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities from Continuing Operations

($ in millions)	2017			2016			2015
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(1,800.9	)	$	(111.5	)	$	(258.8	)

Purchases of property plant and equipment were $54.9 million in 2017 compared to $63.3 million in 2016 and $58.6 million in 2015. The increase in 2016 relates to building a new plant in Indonesia and the Construction Products expansion project offset by lower capital expenditures for the Business Integration project. In 2015 we received a cash settlement of $12.8 million as a result of an arbitration proceeding related to our initial implementation of Project ONE, of which $12.0 million was recorded as a reduction of the ERP system asset.

In 2017, we acquired Adecol for $44.7 million, net of cash acquired, Royal Adhesives for $1,622.7 million, net of cash acquired and Wisdom for $123.5 million, net of cash acquired. In 2016, we acquired Cyberbond, L.L.C. for $42.2 million, net of cash acquired and Advanced Adhesives for $10.4 million, net of cash acquired.  In 2015, we acquired Tonsan Adhesive, Inc. for $215.9 million and Continental Products Limited for $1.6 million.  See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on acquisitions.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities from Continuing Operations

($ in millions)	2017		2016			2015
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	1,710.2	$	(52.6	)	$	104.2

In 2017 we repaid $1,079.3 million and borrowed $2,856.3 million of debt in conjunction with our acquisition of Royal Adhesives. In 2017, we paid $24.2 million of debt issuance costs. In 2016, there was $22.5 million of repayments of long-term debt and no proceeds from long term debt borrowing. In 2015 proceeds from long-term debt were $357.0 million.  Included in the $357.0 million of proceeds is $300.0 million from our October 31, 2014 Term Loan A which was drawn in conjunction with the acquisition of Tonsan Adhesive, Inc.  Repayment of long-term debt in 2015 was $211.3 million. See Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of debt borrowings and repayments.

Cash paid for dividends were $29.6 million, $27.5 million and $25.7 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Cash generated from the exercise of stock options were $17.7 million in 2017, $11.3 million in 2016 and $4.6 million in 2015. Repurchases of common stock were $21.8 million in 2017 compared to $23.2 million in 2016 and $19.3 million in 2015, including $19.1 million in 2017, $20.9 million in 2016 and $17.1 million in 2015 from our share repurchase program.

36

Contractual Obligations

Due dates and amounts of contractual obligations follow:

	Payments Due by Period
($ in millions)	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
Long-term debt	$	2,420.4	$	21.5	$	43.0	$	43.0	$	2,312.9
Interest payable on long-term debt1		756.7		101.0		209.5		211.5		234.7
Notes payable		31.5		31.5		-		-		-
Operating leases		35.4		12.3		15.1		8.0		-
Pension contributions2		2.8		2.8		-		-		-
Financial instrument liabilities3		24.5		15.6		8.9
Other4		12.5		-		12.5		-		-
Total contractual obligations	$	3,283.8	$	184.7	$	289.0	$	262.5	$	2,547.6

¹ Some of our interest obligations on long-term debt are variable based on LIBOR. Interest payable for the variable portion is estimated based on a forward LIBOR curve.

² Pension contributions are only included for fiscal 2018. We have not determined our pension funding obligations beyond 2018 and thus, any potential future contributions have been excluded from the table.

³ Represents the fair value of our foreign exchange contracts and cash flow hedges with a payable position to the counterparty as of December 2, 2017, based on fair market values as of that date. Future changes in market values will impact the amount of cash ultimately paid or received to settle those instruments in the future. 

⁴ This amount includes the forward purchase contract of $12.0 million and the contingent consideration liability of $0.5 million related to the Tonsan acquisition.

We are subject to mandatory prepayments in the first quarter of each fiscal year equal to 50 percent of Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the Term Loan B Credit Agreement, of the prior fiscal year less any voluntary prepayments made during that fiscal year.  The Excess Cash Flow Percentage (“ECF Percentage”) shall be reduced to 25 percent when our Secured Leverage Ratio is below 4.25:1.00 and to 0 percent when our Secured Leverage Ratio is below 3.75:1.00. The first measurement period is fiscal year 2018 and the first prepayment is due in the first fiscal quarter of 2019. We have not estimated the prepayment for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 or for future years in the table above, and have listed only the scheduled amortization payments.

We expect to make cash outlays in the future related to uncertain tax positions. However, due to the uncertainty of the timing of future cash flows, we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of the period of cash settlement, if any, with the respective taxing authorities. Accordingly, gross unrecognized tax benefits of $8.9 million as of December 2, 2017 have been excluded from the contractual obligations table above. For further information related to unrecognized tax benefits see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

We expect 2018 capital expenditures to be approximately $90.0 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no relationships with any unconsolidated, special-purpose entities or financial partnerships established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet financial arrangements.

Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements.  This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of words like "plan," "expect," "aim," "believe," "project," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "will," "should," "could" (including the negative or variations thereof) and other expressions that indicate future events and trends. These plans and expectations are based upon certain underlying assumptions, including those mentioned with the specific statements. Such assumptions are in turn based upon internal estimates and analyses of current market conditions and trends, our plans and strategies, economic conditions and other factors. These plans and expectations and the assumptions underlying them are necessarily subject to risks and uncertainties inherent in projecting future conditions and results. Actual results could differ materially from expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements if one or more of the underlying assumptions and expectations proves to be inaccurate or is unrealized. In addition to the factors described in this report, Item 1A. Risk Factors identifies some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in any such forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, we have identified these important factors which could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements.  These factors should be considered, together with any similar risk factors or other cautionary language that may be made elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The list of important factors in Item 1A. Risk Factors does not necessarily present the risk factors in order of importance. This disclosure, including that under Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors, and other forward-looking statements and related disclosures made by us in this report and elsewhere from time to time, represents our best judgment as of the date the information is given. We do not undertake responsibility for updating any of such information, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. Investors are advised, however, to consult any further public company disclosures (such as in filings with the SEC or in our press releases) on related subjects.

37

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in interest rates, foreign currency rates and prices of raw materials. Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.

Our financial performance may be negatively affected by unfavorable economic conditions. Recessionary economic conditions may have an adverse impact on our sales volumes, pricing levels and profitability. As domestic and international economic conditions change, trends in discretionary consumer spending also become unpredictable and subject to reductions due to uncertainties about the future. A general reduction in consumer discretionary spending due to a recession in the domestic and international economies, or uncertainties regarding future economic prospects, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Interest Rate Risk

Exposure to changes in interest rates results primarily from borrowing activities used to fund operations. Committed floating rate credit facilities are used to fund a portion of operations. We believe that probable near-term changes in interest rates would not materially affect financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The annual impact on interest expense of a one-percentage point interest rate change on the outstanding balance of our variable rate debt as of December 2, 2017 would have resulted in a change in net income of approximately $9.7 million or $0.19 per diluted share.

Foreign Exchange Risk

As a result of being a global enterprise, there is exposure to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our operating results and financial condition are subject to both currency transaction and currency translation risk. Approximately 59 percent of net revenue was generated outside of the United States in 2017. Principal foreign currency exposures relate to the Euro, British pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Chinese renminbi, Japanese yen, Australian dollar, Argentine peso, Brazilian real, Colombian peso, Mexican peso, Turkish lira, Egyptian pound, Indian rupee, Indonesian rupiah and Malaysian ringgit.

We enter into cross border transactions through importing and exporting goods to and from different countries and locations. These transactions generate foreign exchange risk as they create assets, liabilities and cash flows in currencies other than their functional currency. This also applies to services provided and other cross border agreements among subsidiaries. Our objective is to balance, where possible, non-functional currency denominated assets to non-functional currency denominated liabilities to have a natural hedge and minimize foreign exchange impacts.

In the event a natural hedge is not available, we take steps to minimize risks from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations through normal operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative instruments. We do not enter into any speculative positions with regard to derivative instruments.

Based on 2017 financial results, a hypothetical one percent change in our cost of sales due to foreign currency rate changes would have resulted in a change in net income attributable to H.B. Fuller of approximately $7.0 million or $0.14 per diluted share. Based on 2017 financial results and foreign currency balance sheet positions as of December 2, 2017, a hypothetical overall 10 percent change in the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a change in net income of approximately $9.6 million or $0.19 per diluted share.

On December 4, 2016, for our subsidiaries in Latin America, the company changed its functional currency from the U.S. dollar to the entity’s local currency based on management’s analysis of the changes of the economic facts and circumstances in which these subsidiaries operate. The change in functional currency is accounted for prospectively from December 4, 2016 and financial statements prior to and including the year ended December 3, 2016 have not been restated for the change in functional currency.

38

Raw Materials

The principal raw materials used to manufacture products include resins, polymers, synthetic rubbers, vinyl acetate monomer and plasticizers. We generally avoid sole source supplier arrangements for raw materials. While alternate supplies of most key raw materials are available, unplanned supplier production outages may lead to strained supply-demand situations for several key raw materials such as ethylene and propylene, several polymers and other petroleum derivatives such as waxes.

The purchase of raw materials is our largest expenditure. Our objective is to purchase raw materials that meet both our quality standards and production needs at the lowest total cost. Most raw materials are purchased on the open market or under contracts that limit the frequency but not the magnitude of price increases. In some cases, however, the risk of raw material price changes is managed by strategic sourcing agreements which limit price increases to increases in supplier feedstock costs, while requiring decreases as feedstock costs decline. The leverage of having substitute raw materials approved for use wherever possible is used to minimize the impact of possible price increases. Based on 2017 financial results, a hypothetical one percent change in our raw material costs would have resulted in a change in net income of approximately $10.0 million or $0.19 per diluted share.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information concerning new accounting standards and the impact of the implementation of these standards on our financial statements.

39

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

H.B. Fuller Company:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of H.B. Fuller Company and subsidiaries (Company) as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income (loss), total equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 2, 2017. We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A of the Company’s December 2, 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of H.B. Fuller Company and subsidiaries as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 2, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, H.B. Fuller Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

H.B. Fuller Company acquired Wisdom Adhesives in January 2017, Royal Adhesives in October 2017 and Adecol in November 2017, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017, Wisdom Adhesives, Royal Adhesives and Adecol ’s internal control over financial reporting associated with assets of approximately 50 percent of H.B. Fuller Company’s total assets and revenues of approximately seven percent of H.B. Fuller Company’s total revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of H.B. Fuller Company and subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 2, 2017. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of H.B. Fuller Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Wisdom Adhesives, Royal Adhesives and Adecol.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota
January 31, 2018

40

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

	Fiscal Years
	December 2,			December 3,			November 28,
	2017			2016			2015
Net revenue	$	2,306,043		$	2,094,605		$	2,083,660
Cost of sales		(1,702,873	)		(1,484,802	)		(1,515,617	)
Gross profit		603,170			609,803			568,043
Selling, general and administrative expenses		(477,030	)		(407,638	)		(397,558	)
Special charges, net		-			168			(4,654	)
Other income (expense), net		(23,740	)		(7,549	)		(2,465	)
Interest expense		(43,701	)		(27,359	)		(25,021	)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments		58,699			167,425			138,345
Income taxes		(9,086	)		(50,436	)		(55,855	)
Income from equity method investments, net of tax		8,677			7,393			5,907
Income from continuing operations		58,290			124,382			88,397
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		-			-			(1,300	)
Net income including non-controlling interests		58,290			124,382			87,097
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests		(48	)		(254	)		(417	)
Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller	$	58,242		$	124,128		$	86,680
Earnings per share attributable to H.B. Fuller common stockholders:
Basic
Income from continuing operations	$	1.16		$	2.48		$	1.75
Loss from discontinued operations	$	-		$	-		$	(0.03	)
Basic earnings per share	$	1.16		$	2.48		$	1.72
Diluted
Income from continuing operations	$	1.13		$	2.42		$	1.71
Loss from discontinued operations	$	-		$	-		$	(0.03	)
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.13		$	2.42		$	1.69
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		50,370			50,136			50,274
Diluted		51,619			51,270			51,393
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.590		$	0.550		$	0.510

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

41

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands)

	Fiscal Years
	December 2,			December 3,			November 28,
	2017			2016			2015
Net income including non-controlling interests	$	58,290		$	124,382		$	87,097
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation		29,288			(33,855	)		(62,776	)
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment, net of tax		34,930			(1,701	)		(15,871	)
Interest rate swaps, net of tax		1,894			41			40
Other cash-flow hedges, net of tax		(4,047	)		42			(1,342	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		62,065			(35,473	)		(79,949	)
Comprehensive income		120,355			88,909			7,148
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests		39			226			400
Comprehensive income attributable to H.B. Fuller	$	120,316		$	88,683		$	6,748

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

42

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	December 2,			December 3,
	2017			2016
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	194,398		$	142,245
Trade receivables, net		473,700			351,130
Inventories		359,505			247,399
Other current assets		117,389			70,479
Total current assets		1,144,992			811,253
Property, plant and equipment, net		670,194			515,275
Goodwill		1,336,684			366,248
Other intangibles, net		1,001,792			205,359
Other assets		206,984			157,733
Total assets	$	4,360,646		$	2,055,868
Liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and total equity
Current liabilities:
Notes payable	$	31,468		$	37,334
Current maturities of long-term debt		21,515			80,178
Trade payables		268,467			162,964
Accrued compensation		84,903			52,444
Income taxes payable		14,335			7,985
Other accrued expenses		84,225			50,939
Total current liabilities		504,913			391,844
Long-term debt		2,398,927			585,759
Accrued pension liabilities		71,205			73,545
Other liabilities		341,581			62,174
Total liabilities		3,316,626			1,113,322
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Redeemable non-controlling interest		-			4,277
Equity:
H.B. Fuller stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock (no shares outstanding) Shares authorized – 10,045,900		-			-
Common stock, par value $1.00 per share, Shares authorized – 160,000,000, Shares outstanding – 50,388,839 and 50,141,343, for 2017 and 2016, respectively		50,389			50,141
Additional paid-in capital		74,662			59,564
Retained earnings		1,119,231			1,090,900
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(200,655	)		(262,729	)
Total H.B. Fuller stockholders' equity		1,043,627			937,876
Non-controlling interests		393			393
Total equity		1,044,020			938,269
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and total equity	$	4,360,646		$	2,055,868

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

43

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF TOTAL EQUITY

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands)

	H.B. Fuller Company Shareholders
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Non- Controlling Interests			Total
Balance at November 29, 2014	$	50,311		$	53,269		$	933,819		$	(147,352	)	$	403		$	890,450
Comprehensive income (loss)		-			-			86,680			(79,932	)		400			7,148
Dividends		-			-			(25,891	)		-			-			(25,891	)
Stock option exercises		234			4,397			-			-			-			4,631
Share-based compensation plans other, net		83			15,159			-			-			-			15,242
Tax benefit on share-based compensation plans		-			1,433			-			-			-			1,433
Repurchases of common stock		(554	)		(18,736	)		-			-			-			(19,290	)
Non-controlling interest assumed		-			-			-			-			14,197			14,197
Recognition of non-controlling interest redemption liability		-			-			-			-			(11,773	)		(11,773	)
Purchase of non-controlling interest		-			-			-			-			(2,424	)		(2,424	)
Non-controlling interest		-			-			-			-			(76	)		(76	)
Redeemable non-controlling interest		-			-			-			-			(321	)		(321	)
Balance at November 28, 2015	$	50,074		$	55,522		$	994,608		$	(227,284	)	$	406		$	873,326
Comprehensive income (loss)		-			-			124,128			(35,445	)		226			88,909
Dividends		-			-			(27,836	)		-			-			(27,836	)
Stock option exercises		519			10,750			-			-			-			11,269
Share-based compensation plans other, net		116			14,485			-			-			-			14,601
Tax benefit on share-based compensation plans		-			1,467			-			-			-			1,467
Repurchases of common stock		(568	)		(22,660	)		-			-			-			(23,228	)
Redeemable non-controlling interest		-			-			-			-			(239	)		(239	)
Balance at December 3, 2016	$	50,141		$	59,564		$	1,090,900		$	(262,729	)	$	393		$	938,269
Comprehensive income		-			-			58,242			62,074			39			120,355
Dividends		-			-			(29,911	)		-			-			(29,911	)
Stock option exercises		514			17,191			-			-			-			17,705
Share-based compensation plans other, net		165			17,203			-			-			-			17,368
Tax benefit on share-based compensation plans		-			2,010			-			-			-			2,010
Repurchases of common stock		(431	)		(21,400	)		-			-			-			(21,831	)
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		-			94			-			-			-			94
Redeemable non-controlling interest		-			-			-			-			(39	)		(39	)
Balance at December 2, 2017	$	50,389		$	74,662		$	1,119,231		$	(200,655	)	$	393		$	1,044,020

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

44

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS of CASH FLOWS

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands)

	Fiscal Years
	December 2,			December 3,			November 28,
	2017			2016			2015
Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations:
Net income including non-controlling interests	$	58,290		$	124,382		$	87,097
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		-			-			1,300
Adjustments to reconcile net income including non-controlling interests to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		51,072			49,189			48,305
Amortization		36,243			28,495			26,984
Deferred income taxes		(20,936	)		5,344			6,645
(Income) from equity method investments, net of dividends received		(2,640	)		(3,701	)		(3,042	)
Share-based compensation		17,503			13,344			14,156
Pension and other postretirement benefit plan contributions		(4,704	)		(6,572	)		(4,645	)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plan income (expense)		(6,069	)		11,634			(3,572	)
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation		(2,010	)		(1,641	)		(1,433	)
Non-cash (gain) loss on mark to market adjustment related to contingent consideration liability		(4,233	)		(6,032	)		3,145
Non-cash charge for the sale of inventories revalued at the date of acquisition		11,289			528			2,416
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Trade receivables, net		(26,826	)		1,874			(12,038	)
Inventories		(10,560	)		(3,495	)		(4,588	)
Other assets		(12,986	)		(8,383	)		11,991
Trade payables		44,365			(12,292	)		5,794
Accrued compensation		12,249			879			5,982
Other accrued expenses		9,809			(5,548	)		9,691
Income taxes payable		(14,973	)		(1,707	)		(1,369	)
Other liabilities		14,685			(20,105	)		(4,923	)
Other		(8,778	)		29,495			22,633
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations		140,790			195,688			210,529
Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:
Purchased property, plant and equipment		(54,934	)		(63,310	)		(58,624	)
Purchased businesses, net of cash acquired		(1,745,415	)		(52,547	)		(217,572	)
Purchased investments		(1,250	)		-			-
Proceeds from litigation award		-			-			12,049
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		672			4,332			5,326
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations		(1,800,927	)		(111,525	)		(258,821	)
Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		2,856,278			-			357,000
Repayment of long-term debt		(1,079,250	)		(22,500	)		(211,250	)
Payment of debt issuance costs		(24,207	)		-			-
Net proceeds from (payments on) notes payable		(7,776	)		7,746			(2,623	)
Dividends paid		(29,612	)		(27,518	)		(25,683	)
Proceeds from stock options exercised		17,705			11,269			4,631
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation		2,010			1,641			1,433
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		(3,127	)		-			-
Repurchases of common stock		(21,831	)		(23,228	)		(19,290	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuing operations		1,710,190			(52,590	)		104,218
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		2,100			(8,496	)		(9,033	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations		52,153			23,077			46,893
Cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations		-			-			(5,294	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		52,153			23,077			41,599
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		142,245			119,168			77,569
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	194,398		$	142,245		$	119,168
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Dividends paid with company stock	$	299		$	318		$	208
Cash paid for interest, net of amount capitalized of $306, $752, and $136 for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015, respectively	$	43,790		$	29,505		$	27,156
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	$	37,986		$	46,815		$	33,076

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

H.B. Fuller Company and Subsidiaries

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Note 1: Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Business

H.B. Fuller Company and our subsidiaries formulate, manufacture and market adhesives, sealants and other specialty chemical products globally, with sales operations in 37 countries in North America, Europe, Latin America, the Asia Pacific region, India, the Middle East and Africa.

Our business is reported in six operating segments: Americas Adhesives, EIMEA (Europe, India, Middle East and Africa), Asia Pacific, Construction Products, Engineering Adhesives and Royal Adhesives. In 2017, as a percentage of total net revenue by operating segment, Americas Adhesives accounted for 39 percent, EIMEA 24 percent, Asia Pacific 11 percent, Construction Products 10 percent, Engineering Adhesives 13 percent and Royal Adhesives 3 percent.

Our Americas Adhesives, EIMEA and Asia Pacific operating segments produce and supply industrial adhesives products for applications in various markets, including durable assembly (appliances and filters), packaging (food and beverage containers, flexible packaging, consumer goods, package integrity and re-enforcement, and durable and non-durable goods), converting (corrugation, folding carton, tape and label, paper converting, envelopes, books, multi-wall bags, sacks, and tissue and towel), nonwoven and hygiene (disposable diapers, feminine care and medical garments), performance wood (windows, doors and wood flooring) and textile (footwear and sportswear).

The Americas Adhesives, EIMEA and Asia Pacific operating segments include a full range of specialty adhesives such as thermoplastic, thermoset, reactive, water-based and solvent-based products.

The Construction Products operating segment includes products used for tile setting (adhesives, grouts, mortars, sealers and levelers) and heating, ventilation and air conditioning and insulation applications (duct sealants, weather barriers and fungicidal coatings and block fillers). This operating segment also includes caulks and sealants for the consumer market and professional trade, sold through retailers, primarily in Australia.

The Engineering Adhesives operating segment produces and supplies high performance industrial adhesives to the transportation, electronics, medical, clean energy, appliance and heavy machinery markets.

The Royal Adhesives operating segment produces and supplies specialty adhesives, sealants, coatings, polymers, tapes, encapsulants and additives for use in a wide range of commercial, industrial and institutional applications. The products are sold into five primary market sectors: transportation, assembly and construction; commercial roofing; insulating glass; flooring and carpet; and textile, paper, printing and packaging. These products are also used in a variety of secondary markets including aerospace and defense, automotive, recreational vehicle, bus, truck and trailer, marine, assembly, electrical/electronic, filter, printing, flexible packaging, laminating, graphic arts, solar/renewable energy, personal care, home furnishings, roofing and flooring.

Principles of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of H.B. Fuller Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Investments in affiliated companies in which we exercise significant influence, but which we do not control, are accounted for in the Consolidated Financial Statements under the equity method of accounting. As such, consolidated net income includes our equity portion in current earnings of such companies, after elimination of intercompany profits. Investments in which we do not exercise significant influence (generally less than a 20 percent ownership interest) are accounted for under the cost method.

Our 50 percent ownership in Sekisui-Fuller Company, Ltd., our Japan joint venture, is accounted under the equity method of accounting as we do not exercise control over the investee. In fiscal years 2016 and 2015, this equity method investment was not significant as defined in Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. As such financial information as of December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 for Sekisui-Fuller Company, Ltd. is not required.

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In fiscal year 2017, this equity method investment is significant as defined in Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. As such, financial information as of December 2, 2017 for Sekisui-Fuller Company, Ltd. is as follows.

	As of December 2, 2017
Current assets	$	102,454
Non-current assets		27,732
Current liabilities		40,173
Non-current liabilities		1,583

	For the year ended December 2, 2017
Net revenue	$	171,302
Gross profit		50,607
Net income		17,735

Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to November 30. Fiscal year-end dates were December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Every five or six years we have a 53^rdweek in our fiscal year. Fiscal 2016 was a 53-week year.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

For shipments made to customers, title generally passes to the customer when all requirements of the sales arrangement have been completed, which is generally at the time of delivery. Revenue from product sales is recorded when title to the product transfers, no remaining performance obligations exist, the terms of the sale are fixed and collection is probable. Shipping terms include title transfer at either shipping point or destination. Stated terms in sale agreements also include payment terms and freight terms. Net revenues include shipping revenues as appropriate.

Provisions for sales returns are estimated based on historical experience, and are adjusted for known returns, if material. Customer incentive programs (primarily volume purchase rebates) and arrangements such as cooperative advertising, slotting fees and buy-downs are recorded as a reduction of net revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605-50, Customer Payments and Incentives. Customer rebates recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a reduction of net revenue, were $18,158, $16,465 and $13,951 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

For certain products, consigned inventory is maintained at customer locations. For these products, revenue is recognized in the period that the inventory is consumed. Sales to distributors also requirea distribution agreement or purchase order. As a normal practice, distributors do not have a right of return.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes raw materials, container costs, direct labor, manufacturing overhead, shipping and receiving costs, freight costs, depreciation of manufacturing equipment and other less significant indirect costs related to the production of our products.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses include sales and marketing, research and development, technical and customer service, finance, legal, human resources, general management and similar expenses. SG&A expenses also include the mark to market adjustment related to the contingent consideration liability.

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Income Taxes

The income tax provision is computed based on the pre-tax income included in the Consolidated Statements of Income before income from equity method investments. The asset and liability approach is used to recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. Enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years are applied to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances reduce deferred tax assets when it is not more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be realized. See Note 11 for further information.

Acquisition Accounting

As we enter into business combinations we perform acquisition accounting requirements including the following:

● Identifying the acquirer,

● Determining the acquisition date,

● Recognizing and measuring the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, and

● Recognizing and measuring goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase

We complete valuation procedures, and record the resulting fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based upon the valuation of the business enterprise and the tangible and intangible assets acquired. Enterprise value allocation methodology requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If estimates or assumptions used to complete the enterprise valuation and estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities significantly differed from assumptions made, the resulting difference could materially affect the fair value of net assets.

The calculation of the fair value of the tangible assets, including property, plant and equipment utilizes the cost approach, which computes the cost to replace the asset, less accrued depreciation resulting from physical deterioration, functional obsolescence and external obsolescence. The calculation of the fair value of the identified intangible assets are determined using cash flow models following the income approach or a discounted market-based methodology approach. Significant inputs include estimated revenue growth rates, gross margins, operating expenses, estimated attrition rate, and a discount rate.  Goodwill is recorded as the difference in the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities and the purchase price.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents are highly liquid instruments with an originalmaturity of three months or less. We review cash and cash equivalent balances on a bank by bank basis to identify book overdrafts. Book overdrafts occur when the amount of outstanding checks exceed the cash deposited at a given bank. Book overdrafts, if any, are included in trade payables in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and in operating activities from continuing operations in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Restrictions on Cash

There were no restrictions on cash as of December 2, 2017. There are no contractual or regulatory restrictions on the ability of consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries to transfer funds to us, except for typical statutory restrictions which prohibit distributions in excess of net capital or similar tests. The majority of our cash in non-U.S. locations is considered indefinitely reinvested.

Trade Receivable and Allowances

Trade receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Allowances are maintained for doubtful accounts, credits related to pricing or quantities shipped and early payment discounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts includes an estimate of future uncollectible receivables based on the aging of the receivable balance and our collection experience. The allowance also includes specific customer accounts when it is probable that the full amount of the receivable will not be collected. Invoices are written off against the allowance when the invoice is 18 months past terms. See Note 4 for further information.

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Inventories

Inventories recorded at cost (not in excess of market value) as determined by the last-in, first-out method (“LIFO”) represent approximately 25.7 percent of consolidated inventories. During 2017, 2016 and 2015 there were no significant liquidations of LIFO inventory layers or significant LIFO liquidation gains or losses. The remaining inventories are valued at the lower of cost (mainly weighted-average actual cost) or market value.

Investments

Investments with a value of $5,062 and $5,120 represent the cash surrender value of life insurance contracts as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, respectively. These assets are held to primarily support supplemental pension plans and are recorded in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The corresponding gain or loss associated with these contracts is reported in earnings each period as a component of other income (expense), net.

Cost Method Investments

Investments in an entity where we own less than 20% of the voting stock of the entity and do not exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the entity are accounted for using the cost method. We have a policy in place to review our investments at least annually, to evaluate the accounting method and carrying value of our investments in unconsolidated investees. Our cost method investments are evaluated, on at least a quarterly basis, for potential other-than-temporary impairment, or when an event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investments. If we believe that the carrying value of an investment is in excess of its estimated fair value, it is our policy to record an impairment charge to adjust the carrying value to the estimated fair value, if the impairment is considered other-than-temporary.  We did not have any impairment of our cost method investments for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015.  The book value of the cost method investments was $1,669 as of December 2, 2017 and $1,666 as of December 3, 2016.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost and depreciated over the useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives range from 20 to 40 years for buildings and improvements, 3 to 20 years for machinery and equipment, and the shorter of the lease or expected life for leasehold improvements. Fully depreciated assets are retained in property and accumulated depreciation accounts until removed from service. Upon disposal, assets and related accumulated depreciation are removed. Upon sale of an asset, the difference between the proceeds and remaining net book value is charged or credited to other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Expenditures that add value or extend the life of the respective assets are capitalized, while expenditures that are typical recurring repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Interest costs associated with construction and implementation of property, plant and equipment of $306, $752 and $136 were capitalized in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Goodwill

We test goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter and whenever events occur or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. Impairment testing is performed for each of our reporting units by comparing the reporting unit’s estimated fair value to its carrying amount, including goodwill. We use a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. Our judgment is required in developing the assumptions for the discounted cash flow model. These assumptions include revenue growth rates, profit margin percentages, discount rates, perpetuity growth rates, future capital expenditures and working capital requirements. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is considered to not be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds estimated fair value, there is an indication of potential impairment, and we calculate an implied fair value of goodwill. The implied fair value is calculated as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and the fair value of the individual assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, excluding goodwill. An impairment charge is recorded for any excess of the carrying value over the implied fair value. Based on the analysis performed during the fourth quarter of 2017, there were no indications of impairment for any of the reporting.

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Intangible Assets

Intangible assets include patents, customer lists, technology, trademarks and other intangible assets acquired from independent parties and are amortized on a straight-line basis with estimated useful lives ranging from 3 to 20 years. The straight-line method of amortization of these assets reflects an appropriate allocation of the costs of the intangible assets to earnings in proportion to the amount of economic benefits obtained in each reporting period.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Our long-lived assets are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that a carrying amount of an asset (asset group) may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be measured and recognized when the carrying amount of an asset (asset group) exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset (asset group) and its eventual disposition. The impairment loss to be recorded would be the excess of the asset's carrying value over its fair value. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted cash flow analysis or other valuation technique. Costs related to internally developed intangible assets are expensed as incurred.

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. functional currency entities are translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, and the resulting gains and losses arising from the translation of those net assets are recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders' equity. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates during the year. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

We consider a subsidiary’s sales price drivers, currency denomination of sales transactions and inventory purchases to be the primary indicators in determining a foreign subsidiary’s functional currency. Our subsidiaries in certain European countries have a functional currency different than their local currency. All other foreign subsidiaries, which are located in North America, Europe and Asia, have the same local and functional currency.

On December 4, 2016, for our subsidiaries in Latin America, we changed the functional currency from the U.S. dollar to the entity’s local currency based on management’s analysis of the changes of the economic facts and circumstances in which these subsidiaries operate. The change in functional currency is accounted for prospectively from December 4, 2016 and financial statements prior to and including the year ended December 3, 2016 have not been restated for the change in functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities have been remeasured to the U.S. dollar at current exchange rates. Non-monetary assets (property, plant and equipment, net; goodwill; and intangible assets, net) have been remeasured to reflect the difference between the exchange rate when the asset arose and the exchange rate on the date of the change in functional currency. As a result of this change in functional currency, we recorded an $11,317 cumulative translation adjustment included in other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 2, 2017.

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

We sponsor defined-benefit pension plans in both the U.S. and non-U.S. entities. Also in the U.S., we sponsor other postretirement plans for health care and life insurance benefits. Expenses and liabilities for the pension plans and other postretirement plans are actuarially calculated. These calculations are based on our assumptions related to the discount rate, expected return on assets, projected salary increases, health care cost trend rates and mortality rates. The discount rate assumption is determined using an actuarial yield curve approach, which results in a discount rate that reflects the characteristics of the plan. The approach identifies a broad population of corporate bonds that meet the quality and size criteria for the particular plan. We use this approach rather than a specific index that has a certain set of bonds that may or may not be representative of the characteristics of our particular plan. Our expected long-term rate of return on U.S. plan assets was based on our target asset allocation assumption of 60 percent equities and 40 percent fixed-income. Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets by considering the expected future returns and volatility levels for each asset class that are based on historical returns and forward-looking observations. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption used in each non-U.S. plan is determined on a plan-by-plan basis for each local jurisdiction and is based on expected future returns for the investment mix of assets currently in the portfolio for that plan.  Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, develops expected rates of return for each plan, considers expected long-term returns for each asset category in the plan, reviews expectations for inflation for each local jurisdiction, and estimates the impact of active management of the plan’s assets. Note 10 includes disclosure of assumptions employed in these measurements for both the non-U.S. and U.S. plans.

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Asset Retirement Obligations

We recognize asset retirement obligations (AROs) in the period in which we have an existing legal obligation associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The ARO is recognized at fair value when the liability is incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost is capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the remaining estimated useful life of the related asset. We have recognized a liability related to special handling of asbestos related materials in certain facilities for which we have plans or expectation of plans to undertake a major renovation or demolition project that would require the removal of asbestos or have plans or expectation of plans to exit a facility. In addition, we have determined that we have facilities with some level of asbestos that will require abatement action in the future. Once the probability and timeframe of an action are determined, we apply certain assumptions to determine the related liability and asset. These assumptions include the use of inflation rates, the use of credit adjusted risk-free discount rates and the estimation of costs to handle asbestos related materials. The recorded liability is required to be adjusted for changes resulting from the passage of time and/or revisions to the timing or the amount of the original estimate. The asset retirement obligation liability was $2,129 and $2,264 at December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, respectively.

Environmental Costs

Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations, and which do not contribute to current or future revenue generation, are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments are made, or remedial efforts are probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The timing of these accruals is generally no later than the completion of feasibility studies.

Contingent Consideration Liability

Concurrent with a business acquisition, we entered into an agreement that requires us to pay the sellers a certain amount based upon a formula related to the entity’s gross profit in 2018. We use the income approach in calculating the fair value of this contingent consideration liability using a real option model. The significant judgments and assumptions utilized in the calculation of the contingent consideration liability include revenue growth rates, profit margin percentages, volatility and discount rate, which are sensitive to change. The change in fair value of the contingent consideration liability each reporting period is recorded in SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Notes 2 and 13 for additional information.

Share-based Compensation

We have various share-based compensation programs, which provide for equity awards, including non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock shares, restricted stock units, performance awards and deferred compensation. We use the straight-line attribution method to recognize compensation expense associated with share-based awards based on the fair value on the date of grant, net of the estimated forfeiture rate. Expense is recognized over the requisite service period related to each award, which is the period between the grant date and the earlier of the award’s stated vesting term or the date the employee is eligible for early retirement based on the terms of the plan. The fair value of stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. All of our stock compensation expense is recorded in SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 9 for additional information.

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Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to H.B. Fuller by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is based upon the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the applicable period. The difference between basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable to share-based compensation awards. We use the treasury stock method to calculate the effect of outstanding awards, which computes total employee proceeds as the sum of (a) the amount the employee must pay upon exercise of the award, (b) the amount of unearned share-based compensation costs attributed to future services and (c) the amount of tax benefits, if any, that would be credited to additional paid-in capital assuming exercise of the award. Share-based compensation awards for which total employee proceeds exceed the average market price over the applicable period have an antidilutive effect on earnings per share, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

(in thousands, except per share data)	2017		2016		2015
Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller	$	58,242	$	124,128	$	86,680
Weighted-average common shares – basic		50,370		50,136		50,274
Equivalent shares from share-based compensation plans		1,249		1,134		1,119
Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares – diluted		51,619		51,270		51,393
Basic earnings per share	$	1.16	$	2.48	$	1.72
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.13	$	2.42	$	1.69

Share-based compensation awards for 163,140, 657,439 and 887,672 shares for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation because they were antidilutive.

Financial Instruments and Derivatives

As a part of our ongoing operations, we are exposed to market risks such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. To manage these risks, we may enter into derivative transactions pursuant to our established policies.

Our objective is to balance, where possible, non-functional currency denominated assets to non-functional currency denominated liabilities to have a natural hedge and minimize foreign exchange impacts. We minimize risks from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations through normal operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives consisted primarily of forward currency contracts used to manage foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. For derivative instruments outstanding that were not designated as hedges for accounting purposes, the gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments were recognized as other income or expense in the income statement during the periods the derivative instruments were outstanding. To manage exposure to currency rate movements on expected cash flows, the company may enter into cross-currency swap agreements. 

The company manages interest expense using a mix of fixed and floating rate debt.  To manage exposure to interest rate movements and to reduce borrowing costs, the company may enter into interest rate swap agreements.

Changes in the fair values of derivatives are recorded in net earnings or other comprehensive income, based on the type of derivative, and whether the instrument is designated and effective as a hedge transaction. Gains or losses on derivative instruments reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to earnings in the period the hedged item affects earnings. Any ineffectiveness is recognized in earnings in the current period. We maintain master netting arrangements that allow us to net settle contracts with the same counterparties; we do not elect to offset amounts in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.  These arrangements generally do not call for collateral. We do not enter into any speculative positions with regard to derivative instruments. See Note 12 for further information regarding our financial instruments.

Purchase of Company Common Stock

Under the Minnesota Business Corporation Act, repurchased stock is included in authorized shares, but is not included in shares outstanding. The excess of the repurchase cost over par value is charged to additional paid-in capital. When additional paid-in capital is exhausted, the excess reduces retained earnings. We repurchased 56,230, 67,807 and 54,454 shares of common stock in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, in connection with the statutory minimum for the tax withholdings related to vesting of restricted shares.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The ASU simplifies certain aspects of hedge accounting and improves disclosures of hedging arrangements through the elimination of the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness. An initial quantitative test to establish the hedge relationship is highly effective will still be required; however, the timeline to complete the initial test has been expanded, and the new ASU permits subsequent qualitative assessments for certain hedges instead of a quantitative test. For qualifying cash flow hedges, the entire change in fair value will be recorded within other comprehensive income and reclassified to earnings in the same income statement line that is used to present the earnings effect of the hedged item. For fair value hedges, the entire change in the fair value of the hedging instrument will be presented in the same income statement line as the hedged item. The new standard also simplifies the accounting for fair value hedges of interest rate risks and expands an entity’s ability to hedge nonfinancial and financial risk components. In addition, the guidance also eases certain documentation requirements, modifies the accounting for components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, and requires additional tabular disclosures of derivative and hedge-related information. Entities must apply the amendments to cash flow hedge relationships that exist on the date of adoption using a modified retrospective approach. The presentation and disclosure requirements must be applied prospectively. We adopted ASU 2017-12 during the quarter ended December 2, 2017 on a modified retrospective basis. There was no material impact of adopting this ASU.

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In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. The ASU was issued to provide guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018 with early adoption permitted. We will apply this guidance to applicable transactions after the adoption date.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07,Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,which requires employers to include only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost in operating expenses. The other components of net benefit cost, including amortization of prior service cost/credit, and settlement and curtailment effects, are to be included in nonoperating expenses. The ASU also stipulates that only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018 with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05,Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.The ASU was issued to clarify the scope of the previous standard and to add guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. We have evaluated the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures and determined it will not have a material impact.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,which removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Our effective date for prospective adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning November 29, 2020 with early adoption permitted. We will apply this guidance to applicable impairment tests after the adoption date.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). This ASU requires that the reconciliation of the beginning-of-period and end-of-period amounts shown in the statement of cash flows include cash and restricted cash equivalents. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. We have evaluated the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures and determined it will not have a material impact.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control. This ASU changes how a decision maker treats indirect interests in a managed variable interest entity held through an entity under common control in its primary beneficiary (consolidation) analysis. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 3, 2017. We have evaluated the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures and determined it will not have a material impact.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. This ASU changes the timing of income tax recognition for an intercompany sale of assets. The ASU requires the seller’s tax effects and the buyer’s deferred taxes to be recognized immediately upon the sale instead of deferring accounting for the income tax implications until the assets are sold to a third party or recovered through use. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. We are currently evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). This ASU requires changes in the presentation of certain items including but not limited to debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies and distributions received from equity method investees. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. We are currently evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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In June 2016, the FASB ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Statements. This ASU requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning November 29, 2020. We are currently evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU provides simplification in the accounting for share-based payment transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements and classification in the statement of cash flows. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 3, 2017. Excess tax benefits/deficiencies will be recorded as income tax expense and will be dependent upon market prices and the volume of stock option exercises and restricted stock vestings during the reporting period. The changes to the statement of cash flows will include the classification of excess tax benefits/deficiencies as operating activities and the classification of cash payments to tax authorities for withheld shares in net-settlement features as financing activities. These changes will be applied prospectively, with the exception of the classification of cash payments to tax authorities in the statement of cash flows, which will be applied retrospectively. We will continue our existing practice of estimating the number of awards that will be forfeited in accordance with the standard.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net). This ASU provides guidance on recording revenue on a gross basis versus a net basis based on the determination of whether an entity is a principal or an agent when another party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer. The amendments in this ASU affect the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09 and are effective in the same timeframe as ASU No. 2014-09 as discussed below.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Subtopic 842). This guidance changes accounting for leases and requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities arising from all leases, including those classified as operating leases under previous accounting guidance, on the balance sheet and requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements to increase transparency and comparability among organizations. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 1, 2019 with early adoption permitted. The new guidance must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition approach, and provides for certain practical expedients. We are currently evaluating the impact that the new guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01,Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which requires that equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) are to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Furthermore, equity investments without readily determinable fair values are to be assessed for impairment using a quantitative approach. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. We have evaluated the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures and determined it will not have a material impact.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11,Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement ofInventory, which requires a company to measure inventory within the scope of this guidance (inventory measured using first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost) at the lower of cost and net realizable value methods. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) or retail inventory method. Our effective date for adoption of this guidance is our fiscal year beginning December 3, 2017. We have evaluated the effect that this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures and determined it will not have a material impact.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. This guidance will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (as stated in ASU No. 2015-14 which defers the effective date and was issued in August 2015) and is now effective for our fiscal year beginning December 2, 2018. Early application as of the original effective date is permitted under ASU 2015-14. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. We are continuing to evaluate the effect this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements, including potential impacts on the timing of revenue recognition and additional information that may be necessary for expanded disclosures regarding revenue. We have identified an implementation project team and related oversight processes and are continuing with the assessment phase of the project. We have not concluded as to whether the new guidance will be adopted on a full or modified retrospective basis, but will not apply the early adoption provisions of the new guidance.

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Note 2: Acquisitions

Adecol

On November 1, 2017, we acquired Adecol Industria Quimica, Limitada (“Adecol”), headquartered in Guarulhos, Brazil. Adecol works with customers to develop innovative, high-quality hot melt, reactive and polymer-based adhesive solutions in the packaging, converting and assembly markets. The acquisition is expected to enhance our business in Brazil by partnering with customers to produce new and better consumer and durable goods products in this region. The purchase price was 145.9 million Brazilian real, or approximately $44,682, and was funded through borrowings on our revolving credit facility and existing cash. Adecol is reported in our Americas Adhesives operating segment. We have incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $951, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income in 2017.

The acquisition fair value measurement was preliminary as of December 2, 2017, subject to the completion of the valuation of Adecol and further management reviews and assessment of the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We expect the fair value measurement process to be completed when the final appraisals are available, but no later than twelve months from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition:

	Preliminary Valuation December 2, 2017
Current assets	$	17,877
Property, plant and equipment		7,308
Goodwill		23,282
Other intangibles
Customer relationships		17,016
Trademarks/trade names		1,363
Other assets		4,811
Current liabilities		(12,765	)
Other liabilities		(14,210	)
Total purchase price	$	44,682

The preliminary expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are 13 years for customer relationships and five years for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the preliminary fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $23,282 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Adecol with our existing business. Such goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was assigned to our Americas Adhesives operating segment. The Adecol acquisition does not represent a material business combination, and therefore pro forma financial information is not provided.

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Royal Adhesives

On October 20, 2017, we acquired Royal Adhesives and Sealants (“Royal Adhesives”), a manufacturer of high-value specialty adhesives and sealants. Royal Adhesives is a supplier of industrial adhesives in a diverse set of end markets, including aerospace, transportation, commercial roofing, insulating glass, solar, packaging and flooring applications and operates 19 manufacturing facilities in five countries. The acquisition is expected to expand our presence in North America, Europe and China and add new technology and packaging capabilities. The purchase price of $1,622,728 was funded through new debt financing. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our debt financing. Royal Adhesives is reported as a separate operating segment for the year ended December 2, 2017. We have incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $11,625, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income in 2017.

The acquisition fair value measurement was preliminary as of December 2, 2017, subject to the completion of the valuation of Royal Adhesives and further management reviews and assessment of the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We expect the fair value measurement process to be completed when the final appraisals are available, but no later than twelve months from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition:

	Preliminary Valuation December 2, 2017
Accounts receivable	$	64,904
Inventory		93,680
Other current assets		58,508
Property, plant and equipment		126,192
Goodwill		866,013
Other intangibles
Developed technology		59,800
Customer relationships		645,300
Trademarks/trade names		53,600
Other assets		1,443
Accounts payable		(40,211	)
Other current liabilities		(37,261	)
Other liabilities		(269,240	)
Total purchase price	$	1,622,728

The preliminary expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are 15 years for developed technology, 18 years for customer relationships and 15 years for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the preliminary fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $866,013 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Royal Adhesives with our existing business. The goodwill was assigned to our Royal Adhesives operating segment. The amount of goodwill that is deductible for tax purposes is $38,275. The remaining goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The following unaudited pro forma information gives effect to the Royal Adhesives acquisition as if the acquisition occurred on November 29, 2015. The historical financial information has been adjusted to give effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the acquisition, supportable and expected to have a continuing impact on combined results.  Pro forma earnings for the year ended December 2, 2017 was adjusted to exclude $62,985 (pre-tax) of acquisition-related costs and $10,815 (pre-tax) of nonrecurring expense related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory.  Pro forma earnings for the year ended December 3, 2016 was adjusted to include the expense related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory.  The unaudited pro forma results do not include any anticipated cost savings from operating efficiencies or synergies that could result from the acquisition. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect for the periods presented. The unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, assuming that the acquisition occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2016, is presented below:

	December 2, 2017		December 3, 2016
Net revenue	$	2,886,762	$	2,716,713
Net income attributable to H.B. Fuller		123,618		127,802
Pro forma earnings per share:
Basic		2.45		2.55
Diluted		2.39		2.49

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Wisdom Adhesives

On January 27, 2017, we acquired substantially all of the assets of H.E. Wisdom & Sons, Inc. and its affiliate Wisdom Adhesives Southeast, L.L.C., (“Wisdom Adhesives”) headquartered in Elgin, Illinois. Wisdom Adhesives is a provider of adhesives for the packaging, paper converting and durable assembly markets. The acquisition is expected to strengthen our position in the North America adhesives market. The purchase price of $123,549 was financed through borrowings on our revolving credit facility and is reported in our Americas Adhesives operating segment. We incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $555, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 2, 2017.

The following table summarizes the final fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

	Preliminary Valuation March 4, 2017			Purchase Price and Fair Value Adjustments			Final Valuation December 2, 2017
Current assets	$	13,729			115			13,844
Property, plant and equipment		10,516			(1,875	)		8,641
Goodwill		60,313			(487	)		59,826
Other intangibles
Customer relationships		33,300			12,000			45,300
Trademarks/trade names		13,600			(9,200	)		4,400
Current liabilities		(8,153	)		(309	)		(8,462	)
Total purchase price	$	123,305			244			123,549

The expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are 15 years for customer relationships and 10 years for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $59,826 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Wisdom Adhesives with our existing business. Such goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was assigned to our Americas Adhesives operating segment. The Wisdom Adhesives acquisition does not represent a material business combination, and therefore pro forma financial information is not provided.

Cyberbond, L.L.C.

On June 8, 2016, we acquired Cyberbond, L.L.C. headquartered in Batavia, Illinois with operations in the United States and Europe.  Cyberbond, L.L.C. is a provider of industrial adhesives for the electronics, medical, audio equipment, automotive and structural markets. The acquisition will help us to broaden our global position and accelerate our growth in the high margin, high growth Engineering Adhesives segment.  The purchase price of $42,182, net of cash acquired of $332, was funded through existing cash and was recorded in our Engineering Adhesives operating segment.  We incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $527, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income in 2016. 

57

The following table summarizes the final fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

	Amount
Current assets	$	4,425
Property, plant and equipment		2,038
Goodwill		23,654
Other intangibles
Developed technology		2,000
Customer relationships		14,400
Trademarks/trade names		700
Other assets		161
Current liabilities		(1,889	)
Other liabilities		(3,307	)
Total purchase price	$	42,182

The expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are seven years for developed technology, 15 years for customer relationships and 10 years for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $23,654 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Cyberbond, L.L.C. with our existing business.  Such goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.  The goodwill was assigned to our Engineering Adhesives operating segment.  The Cyberbond, L.L.C. acquisition does not represent a material business combination, therefore pro forma financial information is not provided.

Advanced Adhesives

On April 29, 2016, we acquired Advanced Adhesives Pty Limited and the business assets of Advanced Adhesives (New Zealand) Limited (together referred to as “Advanced Adhesives”), providers of industrial adhesives in Australia and New Zealand. The acquisition will help us to strengthen our industrial adhesives market position and leverage a broader technology portfolio in both Australia and New Zealand. The combined purchase price of $10,365 was funded through existing cash and was recorded in our Asia Pacific operating segment. We incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $646, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income in 2016.

The following table summarizes the final fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition:

	Amount
Current assets	$	5,704
Property, plant and equipment		594
Goodwill		102
Other intangibles
Customer relationships		7,575
Trademarks/trade names		146
Current liabilities		(2,671	)
Other liabilities		(1,085	)
Total purchase price	$	10,365

The expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are 15 years for customer relationships and one year for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $102 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Advanced Adhesives with our existing business. Such goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was assigned to our Asia Pacific operating segment. The Advanced Adhesives acquisition does not represent a material business combination, therefore pro forma financial information is not provided.

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Tonsan Adhesive, Inc.

On February 2, 2015, we acquired 95 percent of the equity of Tonsan Adhesive, Inc. (“Tonsan”), an independent engineering adhesives provider based in Beijing, China. Tonsan manufactures engineering adhesives across numerous industries including photovoltaic, electronics, automotive, heavy machinery and transportation. The acquisition is expected to help strengthen our customer relationships in the high-value, fast growing engineering adhesives markets. The purchase price was 1.4 billion Chinese renminbi, or approximately $215,925, net of cash acquired of $7,754, which was financed with proceeds from our October 31, 2014 Term Loan A, drawn in conjunction with the acquisition. The acquisition is reported in our Engineering Adhesives operating segment. We incurred acquisition related costs of approximately $373, which were recorded as SG&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income in 2015.

Concurrent with the acquisition, we entered into an agreement to acquire the remaining 5 percent of Tonsan’s equity beginning February 1, 2019 for 82 million Chinese renminbi or approximately $13,038. In addition, the agreement requires us to pay up to 418 million Chinese renminbi, or approximately $66,848, in contingent consideration based upon a formula related to Tonsan’s gross profit in fiscal 2018. The fair values of the agreement to purchase the remaining equity and the contingent consideration as of the date of acquisition were $11,773 and $7,714, respectively. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the contingent consideration.

The following table summarizes the final fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

	Amount
Current assets	$	49,839
Property, plant and equipment		59,142
Goodwill		125,790
Other intangibles
Developed technology		18,600
Customer relationships		25,700
Trademarks/trade names		11,000
Current liabilities		(38,068	)
Other liabilities		(24,305	)
Redeemable non-controlling interests		(11,773	)
Total purchase price	$	215,925

The expected lives of the acquired intangible assets are seven years for developed technology, 11 years for customer relationships and 14 years for trademarks/trade names. See Note 13 for further discussion of the fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets.

Based on the fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we allocated $125,790 to goodwill for the expected synergies from combining Tonsan with our existing business.  Such goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.  The goodwill was assigned to our Engineering Adhesives operating segment.

Note 3: Restructuring Actions

2017 Restructuring Plan

During the first quarter of 2017, we approved a restructuring plan (the “2017 Restructuring Plan”) related to organizational changes and other actions to optimize operations.  During the year ended December 2, 2017, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $18,031 related to the implementation of the 2017 Restructuring Plan.

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The following table summarizes the pre-tax distribution of restructuring charges by income statement classification:

	December 2, 2017
Cost of sales	$	9,764
Selling, general and administrative		8,267
	$	18,031

The following table summarizes the pre-tax impact of restructuring charges by segment:

	December 2, 2017
Americas Adhesives	$	2,178
EIMEA		7,214
Asia Pacific		1,996
Construction Products		5,895
Engineering Adhesives		748
	$	18,031

A summary of the restructuring liability during the twelve months ended December 2, 2017 is presented below:

	Employee-
	Related			Asset-Related			Other			Total
Balance at December 3, 2016	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-
Expense incurred		10,266			5,394			2,371			18,031
Non-cash charges		-			(4,291	)		-			(4,291	)
Cash payments		(9,210	)		(1,103	)		(2,351	)		(12,664	)
Foreign currency translation		430			-			-			430
Balance at end December 2,2017	$	1,486		$	-		$	20		$	1,506

Non-cash charges include accelerated depreciation resulting from the cessation of use of certain long-lived assets and the recording of a provision related to the discontinuance of certain retail and wholesale products. Restructuring liabilities have been classified as a component of other accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Business Integration Project

The integration of the industrial adhesives business we acquired in March 2012 involved a significant amount of restructuring and capital investment to optimize the new combined entity. In addition, we took a series of actions in our existing EIMEA operating segment to improve the profitability and future growth prospects of this operating segment. We combined these two initiatives into a single project which we refer to as the “Business Integration Project.” During the years ended December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015, we incurred special charges, net of $(0.2) million and $4.7 million, respectively, related to transformation, workforce reduction, facility exit and other related costs for the Business Integration Project, which are included in special charges, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Business Integration Project was substantially complete at the end of 2016.

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Note 4: Supplemental Financial Statement Information

Statement of Income Information

Additional details of income statement amounts for 2017, 2016 and 2015 follow.

	2017			2016			2015
Foreign currency transaction losses, net	$	(2,411	)	$	(9,510	)	$	(3,549	)
Interest income		3,927			2,045			510
Gain (loss) on disposal of fixed assets		22			(796	)		330
Other, net 1		(25,278	)		712			244
Total other income (expense), net	$	(23,740	)	$	(7,549	)	$	(2,465	)
Research and development expenses (included in SG&A expenses)	$	30,072		$	28,614		$	26,170

¹ 2017 includes a make whole premium of $25,535 paid on the refinancing of our long-term debt. See Note 6 for further information.

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Balance Sheet Information

Additional details of balance sheet amounts as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 follow.

Inventories	2017			2016
Raw materials	$	174,325		$	116,200
Finished goods		198,273			142,397
LIFO reserve		(13,093	)		(11,198	)
Total inventories	$	359,505		$	247,399
Other current assets
Other receivables	$	24,304		$	24,253
Prepaid income taxes		41,105			12,142
Prepaid taxes other than income taxes		20,852			18,011
Prepaid expenses		29,521			14,767
Assets held for sale		1,607			1,306
Total other current assets	$	117,389		$	70,479
Property, plant and equipment
Land	$	79,993		$	65,771
Buildings and improvements		364,048			317,636
Machinery and equipment		787,844			659,181
Construction in progress		56,402			50,553
Total, at cost		1,288,287			1,093,141
Accumulated depreciation		(618,093	)		(577,866	)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	670,194		$	515,275
Other assets
Investments and company owned life insurance	$	8,602		$	8,178
Equity method investments		48,962			45,732
Cost method investments		1,669			1,666
Long-term deferred income taxes		43,422			46,174
Prepaid pension costs		30,145			31
Prepaid postretirement other than pension		39,163			27,093
Other long-term assets		35,021			28,859
Total other assets	$	206,984		$	157,733
Other accrued expenses
Taxes other than income taxes	$	18,753		$	14,127
Professional fees		13,565			5,444
Customer rebates		10,114			8,296
Interest		6,766			5,263
Insurance		5,668			196
Product liability		961			1,648
Accrued expenses		28,398			15,965
Total other accrued expenses	$	84,225		$	50,939
Other liabilities
Asset retirement obligations	$	2,129		$	2,264
Long-term deferred income taxes		275,715			26,336
Long-term deferred compensation		5,424			5,469
Postretirement other than pension		2,992			2,968
Environmental liabilities		11,380			1,600
Contingent consideration liabilities		496			4,720
Other long-term liabilities		43,445			18,817
Total other liabilities	$	341,581		$	62,174

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Additional details on the trade receivables allowance for doubtful accounts, credits related to pricing or quantities shipped and early payment discounts for 2017, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

	2017			2016			2015
Balance at beginning of year	$	12,310		$	11,893		$	10,246
Charged to expenses		744			2,455			4,703
Write-offs		(1,546	)		(1,758	)		(2,339	)
Foreign currency translation effect		162			(280	)		(717	)
Balance at end of year	$	11,670		$	12,310		$	11,893

Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) Information

The following tables provides details of total comprehensive income (loss):

	December 2, 2017
	H.B. Fuller Stockholders									Non-controlling Interests
	Pretax			Tax			Net			Net
Net income including non-controlling interests		-			-		$	58,242		$	48
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment1	$	29,297			-			29,297			(9	)
Reclassification to earnings:
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment2		51,282			(16,352	)		34,930			-
Interest rate swap3		3,060			(1,166	)		1,894			-
Other cash-flow hedges3		(6,538	)		2,491			(4,047	)		-
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	77,101		$	(15,027	)		62,074			(9	)
Comprehensive income (loss)							$	120,316		$	39

	December 3, 2016
	H.B. Fuller Stockholders									Non-controlling Interests
	Pretax			Tax			Net			Net
Net income including non-controlling interests		-			-		$	124,128		$	254
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment1	$	(33,827	)		-			(33,827	)		(28	)
Reclassification to earnings:
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment2		576			(2,277	)		(1,701	)		-
Interest rate swap3		63			(22	)		41			-
Other cash-flow hedges3		68			(26	)		42			-
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(33,120	)	$	(2,325	)		(35,445	)		(28	)
Comprehensive income (loss)							$	88,683		$	226

	November 28, 2015
	H.B. Fuller Stockholders									Non-controlling Interests
	Pretax			Tax			Net			Net
Net income including non-controlling interests		-			-		$	86,680		$	417
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment1	$	(62,759	)		-			(62,759	)		(17	)
Reclassification to earnings:
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment2		(24,279	)		8,408			(15,871	)		-
Interest rate swap3		56			(16	)		40			-
Other cash-flow hedges3		(2,168	)		826			(1,342	)		-
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(89,150	)	$	9,218			(79,932	)		(17	)
Comprehensive income (loss)							$	6,748		$	400

¹ Income taxes are not provided for foreign currency translation relating to indefinite investments in international subsidiaries.

² Loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings as part of net periodic cost related to pension and other postretirement benefit plans is reported in cost of sales, SG&A and special charges.

³ Loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings is reported in other income (expense), net.

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Statement of Total Equity Information

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) follow.

	December 2, 2017
	Total			H.B. Fuller Stockholders			Non-controlling Interests
Foreign currency translation adjustment	$	(56,209	)	$	(56,134	)	$	(75	)
Interest rate swap, net of taxes of ($1,183)		1,922			1,922			-
Other cash-flow hedges, net of taxes of $3,276		(5,322	)		(5,322	)		-
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment, net of taxes of $74,382		(141,171	)		(141,171	)		-
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(200,730	)	$	(200,655	)	$	(75	)

	December 3, 2016
	Total			H.B. Fuller Stockholders			Non-controlling Interests
Foreign currency translation adjustment	$	(85,447	)	$	(85,381	)	$	(66	)
Interest rate swap, net of taxes of ($17)		28			28			-
Other cash-flow hedges, net of taxes of $785		(1,275	)		(1,275	)		-
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment, net of taxes of $90,734		(176,101	)		(176,101	)		-
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(262,795	)	$	(262,729	)	$	(66	)

	November 28, 2015
	Total			H.B. Fuller Stockholders			Non-controlling Interests
Foreign currency translation adjustment	$	(51,592	)	$	(51,554	)	$	(38	)
Interest rate swap, net of taxes of $5		(13	)		(13	)		-
Other cash-flow hedges, net of taxes of $811		(1,317	)		(1,317	)		-
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment, net of taxes of $93,012		(174,400	)		(174,400	)		-
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(227,322	)	$	(227,284	)	$	(38	)

Note 5: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill balances by reportable segment as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 consisted of the following:

	2017		2016
Americas Adhesives	$	141,138	$	59,821
EIMEA		107,978		98,876
Asia Pacific		18,080		17,481
Construction Products		21,951		21,901
Engineering Adhesives		178,791		168,169
Royal Adhesives		868,746		-
Total	$	1,336,684	$	366,248

Additional details related to goodwill for 2017 and 2016 are as follows.

	2017		2016
Balance at beginning of year	$	366,248	$	354,204
Adecol acquisition		23,282		-
Royal Adhesives acquisition		866,013		-
Wisdom acquisition		59,826		-
Cyberbond, L.L.C. acquisition		-		23,654
Advanced Adhesives acquisition		-		102
Tonsan acquisition		-		700
Impairment		-		(777	)
Foreign currency translation effect		21,315		(11,635	)
Balance at end of year	$	1,336,684	$	366,248

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In accordance with accounting standards, we test each of our reporting units for goodwill impairment annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. In the fourth quarter of 2017, we conducted the required annual test of goodwill for impairment. We performed the goodwill impairment analysis on our reporting units by using a discount rate determined by management to result in the most representative fair value of the business as a whole. Based on the analysis performed during the fourth quarter of 2017, there were no indications of impairment for any of the remaining reporting units. See Note 1 for further information on our impairment analysis.

Balances of amortizable identifiable intangible assets, excluding goodwill and other non-amortizable intangible assets, are as follows:

Amortizable Intangible Assets	Purchased Technology & Patents			Customer Relationships			All Other			Total
As of December 2, 2017
Original cost	$	132,495		$	968,060		$	110,576		$	1,211,131
Accumulated amortization		(27,478	)		(144,964	)		(37,417	)		(209,859	)
Net identifiable intangibles	$	105,017		$	823,096		$	73,159		$	1,001,272
Weighted-average useful lives (in years)		12			18			14			17
As of December 3, 2016
Original cost	$	70,504		$	251,329		$	51,116		$	372,949
Accumulated amortization		(21,448	)		(116,411	)		(30,198	)		(168,057	)
Net identifiable intangibles	$	49,056		$	134,918		$	20,918		$	204,892
Weighted-average useful lives (in years)		10			17			12			15

Amortization expense with respect to amortizable intangible assets was $36,243, $28,495 and $26,984 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Estimated aggregate amortization expense based on the current carrying value of amortizable intangible assets for the next five fiscal years are as follows:

Fiscal Year	2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		Thereafter
Amortization Expense	$	79,456	$	75,433	$	71,112	$	68,251	$	70,457	$	636,565

The above amortization expense forecast is an estimate. Actual amounts may change from such estimated amounts due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, additional intangible asset acquisitions, potential impairment, accelerated amortization, or other events.

Non-amortizable intangible assets as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 were $520 and $467, respectively, and relate to trademarks and trade names. The change in non-amortizable assets in 2017 compared to 2016 was due to changes in currency exchange rates.

Note 6: Notes Payable, Long-Term Debt and Lines of Credit

Notes Payable

Notes payable were $31,468 and $37,334 at December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, respectively. This amount mainly represents various foreign subsidiaries’ other short-term borrowings that were not part of committed lines. The weighted-average interest rates on short-term borrowings were 11.0 percent, 13.7 percent and 8.1 percent in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Fair values of these short-term obligations approximate their carrying values due to their short maturity. There were no funds drawn from the short-term committed lines at December 2, 2017.

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Long-Term Debt

	Weighted-Average
	Interest Rate at			Fiscal Year		Balance at			Balance at
Long-Term Debt	December 2, 2017			Maturity Date		December 2, 2017			December 3, 2016
Revolving credit facility		3.38	%		2022	$	-		$	-
Term Loan B1		3.90	%		2024		2,125,993			-
Public Bond2		3.62	%		2027		293,991			-
Term Loan A							-			265,373
Senior Notes, Series A							-			17,013
Senior Notes, Series B							-			33,151
Senior Notes, Series C							-			36,325
Senior Notes, Series D							-			64,795
Senior Notes, Series E							-			248,813
Other							458			467
Total debt						$	2,420,442		$	665,937
Less: current maturities							(21,515	)		(80,178	)
Total long-term debt, excluding current maturities						$	2,398,927		$	585,759

¹Term Loan B, due on October 20, 2024, $2,150,000 variable rate at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 2.25 percent (3.53 percent at December 2, 2017); $1,050,000 swapped to a fixed rate of 4.28 percent.

² Public Bond, due February 15, 2027, $300,000 4.00 percent fixed; $150,000 swapped to a variable rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 1.86 percent

On October 20, 2017, we entered into a secured term loan credit agreement (“Term Loan B Credit Agreement”) with a consortium of financial institutions under which we established a $2,150,000 term loan (“Term Loan B”) that we used to repay existing indebtedness, finance working capital needs, finance acquisitions, and for general corporate purposes. The Term Loan B Credit Agreement is secured by a security interest in substantially all of the personal property assets of the Company and each Guarantor, including 100% of the equity interests in certain domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the equity interests of first-tier foreign subsidiaries together with certain domestic material real property. At December 2, 2017 a balance of $2,150,000 was drawn on the Term Loan B. The interest rate on the Term Loan B is payable at the LIBOR rate plus 2.25 percent (3.53 percent at December 2, 2017).  The interest rate is based on a leverage grid. The Term Loan B Credit Agreement expires on October 20, 2024.  We entered into interest rate swap agreements to hedge $1,050,000 of the Term Loan B to a fixed interest rate of 4.28 percent. We are subject to mandatory prepayments in the first quarter of each fiscal year equal to 50% of Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the Term Loan B Credit Agreement, of the prior fiscal year less any voluntary prepayments made during that fiscal year.  The Excess Cash Flow Percentage (ECF Percentage) shall be reduced to 25% when our Secured Leverage Ratio is below 4.25:1.00 and to 0% when our Secured Leverage Ratio is below 3.75:1.00. The first measurement period is fiscal year 2018 and the first prepayment is due in the first fiscal quarter of 2019. We have not estimated the prepayment for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 or for future years in the table above, and have listed only the scheduled amortization payments.

On December 16, 2016 and February 24, 2017 our Senior Notes, Series A and B matured, respectively. On October 20, 2017 we repaid the Term Loan A and Senior Notes, Series C, D & E, with proceeds from the Term Loan B issuance. Interest rate swaps associated with Senior Notes, Series C and E, were terminated with the repayment of these instruments. We recognized a $168 net gain related to the termination of these interest rate swaps which was recorded as other income, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income. We paid a make whole premium of $25,535 which was recorded as other expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Proceeds from the issuance of the Term Loan B were also used to acquire Royal Adhesives. See Note 2 for further discussion of our acquisition of Royal Adhesives.

On February 14, 2017, we issued $300,000 aggregate principal of 10-year unsecured public notes (“Public Notes”) due February 15, 2027 with a fixed coupon of 4.00 percent. Proceeds from this debt issuance were used to repay $138,000 outstanding under the revolving credit facility at that time and prepay $158,750 of our Term Loan A. We entered into interest rate swap agreements to hedge $150,000 of the $300,000 Public Notes to a variable interest rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 1.86 percent. As a result of applying shortcut method fair value hedge accounting, the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap and an equivalent amount for the change in the fair value of the debt will be reflected in other income (expense).

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We adopted ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issue Costs, during the quarter ended March 4, 2017 on a retrospective basis. The impact of adopting ASU No. 2015-03 on our financial statements was the reclassification of deferred debt issuance costs related to our long-term debt, with the exception of our revolving credit facility, from an asset to a direct deduction to the corresponding debt.  Reclassifications from an asset to a direct deduction to the corresponding debt of $2,386 was included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 3, 2016.

Long-term debt had an estimated fair value of $2,452,034 and $693,283 as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, respectively. The fair value of long-term debt is based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered for debt of similar maturities. The estimated fair value of these long-term obligations is not necessarily indicative of the amount that would be realized in a current market exchange.

Lines of Credit

As of December 2, 2017, lines of credit were as follows:

Term	Committed		Drawn		Available
Long-term lines of credit	$	400,000	$	-	$	398,257

On September 29, 2017, we amended our revolving credit facility to become effective with consummation of our acquisition of Royal Adhesives.  The revolving credit agreement is now secured along with the Term Loan B Credit Agreement, by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the personal property assets of the Company and each Guarantor, including 100% of the equity interests in certain domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the equity interests of first-tier foreign subsidiaries. Interest on the revolving credit facility is payable at the LIBOR plus 2.00 percent (3.27 percent at December 2, 2017).  A facility fee of 0.30 percent of the unused commitment under the revolving credit facility is payable quarterly. The interest rates and the facility fee are based on a leverage grid.  The revolving credit facility matures April 12, 2022.

Our revolving credit facility accounted for the entire committed lines of credit.  The secured, multi-currency revolving credit facility can be drawn upon for general corporate purposes up to a maximum of $400,000, less issued letters of credit. At December 2, 2017, letters of credit reduced the available amount under the revolving credit facility by $1,743.  The credit agreement expires on April 12, 2022. 

The secured Term Loan B Credit Agreement and secured revolving credit facility are subject to certain covenants and restrictions.  Restrictive covenants include, but are not limited to, limitations on secured and unsecured borrowings, intercompany transfers and investments, third party investments, dispositions of assets, leases, liens, dividends and distributions, and contains a maximum secured debt to trailing twelve months EBITDA requirement.  Certain covenants becomes less restrictive after meeting leverage or other financial ratios.  In addition, we cannot be a member of any consolidated group as defined for income tax purposes other than with our subsidiaries.  At December 2, 2017 all financial covenants were met. At December 2, 2017, all financial covenants were met.

Maturities of long-term debt for the next five fiscal years follow:

Fiscal Year	2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		Thereafter
Long-term debt obligations	$	21,515	$	21,500	$	21,500	$	21,500	$	21,500	$	2,312,927

Note 7: Stockholders' Equity

Preferred Stock: The Board of Directors is authorized to issue up to 10,045,900 shares of preferred stock that may be issued in one or more series and with such stated value and terms as the Board of Directors may determine.

Common Stock: There were 160,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $1.00 authorized and 50,388,839 and 50,141,343 shares issued and outstanding at December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, respectively.

On April 6, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $200,000 of our outstanding common shares for a period of up to five years.  Under the program, we are authorized to repurchase shares for cash on the open market, from time to time, in privately negotiated transactions or block transactions, or through an accelerated repurchase agreement.  The timing of such repurchases is dependent on price, market conditions and applicable regulatory requirements.  Upon repurchase of the shares, we reduce our common stock for the par value of the shares with the excess being applied against additional paid-in capital.  This authorization replaces the September 30, 2010 authorization to repurchase shares. During 2017, we repurchased 375,000 shares for $19,114, during 2016, we repurchased 500,000 shares for $20,861 and during 2015, we repurchased 500,000 shares for $17,066 under our repurchase programs.  Up to $187,170 of our outstanding common shares may still be repurchased under the current share repurchase program.

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Common Shares Outstanding	2017			2016			2015
Beginning balance		50,141,343			50,074,310			50,310,803
Stock options exercised		514,064			593,891			275,035
Shares swapped for stock option exercises		-			(71,659	)		(39,883	)
Deferred compensation paid		24,048			7,235			8,852
Restricted units vested		140,614			105,552			83,494
Shares withheld for taxes		(56,230	)		(67,807	)		(54,454	)
Restricted shares forfeited		-			(179	)		(9,537	)
Shares repurchased under repurchase program		(375,000	)		(500,000	)		(500,000	)
Ending balance		50,388,839			50,141,343			50,074,310

Note 8: Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

Prior to the first quarter of 2017, we had a non-controlling interest in H.B. Fuller Kimya Sanayi Ticaret A.S. (“HBF Kimya”) which was accounted for as a redeemable non-controlling interest because both the non-controlling shareholder and H.B. Fuller had an option, exercisable beginning August 1, 2018, to require the redemption of the shares owned by the non-controlling shareholder at a price determined by a formula based on 24 months trailing EBITDA. Since the option made the redemption of the non-controlling ownership shares of HBF Kimya outside of our control, these shares are classified as a redeemable non-controlling interest in temporary equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The non-controlling shareholder was entitled to increase his ownership by 1 percent per year for 5 years up to a maximum of 13 percent ownership based on the achievement of profitability targets in each year. The option was subject to a minimum price of €3,500.

The results of operations for the HBF Kimya non-controlling interest is consolidated in our financial statements. Both the non-controlling interest and the accretion adjustment to redemption value are included in net income attributable to non-controlling interests in the Consolidated Statements of Income and in the carrying value of the redeemable non-controlling interest on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. HBF Kimya’s functional currency is the Turkish lira and changes in exchange rates affect the reported amount of the redeemable non-controlling interest. 

During the first quarter of 2017, we purchased the remaining shares from the non-controlling shareholder for €4,206. The difference between the non-controlling interest balance and the purchase price was recorded in additional paid-in capital in the first quarter of 2017.

As of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 the redeemable non-controlling interests were:

	2017			2016
Balance at beginning of year	$	4,277		$	4,199
Net income attributed to redeemable non-controlling interest		39			239
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		(4,468	)		-
Foreign currency translation adjustment		152			(161	)
Balance at end of year	$	-		$	4,277

Note 9: Accounting for Share-Based Compensation

Overview

We have various share-based compensation programs, which provide for equity awards including non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock shares, restricted stock units, performance awards and deferred compensation. These equity awards fall under several plans and are described below. Starting in 2014 we no longer grant restricted stock shares.

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Share-based Compensation Plans

We currently grant stock options and restricted stock units under equity compensation and deferred compensation plans.

Stock options are granted to officers and key employees at prices not less than fair market value at the date of grant. Non-qualified stock options are generally exercisable beginning one year from the date of grant in cumulative yearly amounts of 33.3 percent. Incentive stock options are based on certain performance based criteria and are generally exercisable at a stated date when the performance criteria is measured. Stock options generally have a contractual term of 10 years. Options exercised represent newly issued shares.

Restricted stock awards are nonvested stock-based awards that may include grants of restricted stock shares or restricted stock units. Restricted stock awards are independent of option grants and are subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to the release of the restrictions. Such awards generally vest beginning one year from the date of grant or 33.3 percent per year for three years, depending on the grant. During the vesting period, ownership of the shares cannot be transferred.

Restricted stock shares granted represent newly issued shares and have the same cash dividend and voting rights as other common stock and are considered to be currently issued and outstanding. The cash dividends on restricted stock shares are forfeitable.

Restricted stock units have dividend equivalent rights equal to the cash dividend paid on restricted stock shares. However, restricted stock units do not have voting rights of common stock and are not considered issued and outstanding upon grant. Restricted stock units become newly issued shares when vested. The dividend equivalent rights for restricted stock units are forfeitable.

We expense the cost, which is the grant date fair market value, of both the restricted stock shares and the restricted stock units ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse. The grant date fair value is our closing stock price on the date of grant.

We are required to recognize compensation expense when an employee is eligible to retire. We consider employees eligible to retire at age 55 and after 10 years of service. Accordingly, the related compensation expense is recognized immediately for awards granted to retirement eligible employees or over the period from the grant date to the date retirement eligibility is achieved, if less than the stated vesting period.

Year 2016 Master Incentive Plan

This plan allows for granting of awards to employees. The plan permits granting of (a) stock options; (b) stock appreciation rights; (c) restricted stock awards; (d) performance awards; (e) dividend equivalents; and (f) other awards based on our common stock, including shares for amounts employees deferred under the Key Employee Deferred Compensation Plan.

2009 Directors’ Stock Incentive Plan

This plan permits granting of (a) shares for amounts non-employee directors defer under the Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan and (b) discretionary grants of restricted stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance awards and other stock awards.      

Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan

This plan allows non-employee directors to defer all or a portion of their retainer and meeting fees in a number of investment choices, including units representing shares of our common stock. We provide a 10 percent match on deferred compensation invested in these units. These units are required to be paid out in our common stock.

Key Employee Deferred Compensation Plan

This plan allows key employees to defer a portion of their eligible compensation in a number of investment choices, including units representing shares of company common stock. We provide a 10 percent match on deferred compensation invested in these units.

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Grant-Date Fair Value

We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of stock option awards. The fair value of options granted during 2017, 2016 and 2015 were calculated using the following assumptions:

	2017				2016				2015
Expected life (in years)			4.75				4.75				4.62
Weighted-average expected volatility			24.17%				28.95%				30.81%
Expected volatility range		23.48%	-	24.88%		24.86%	-	29.23%		25.50%	-	31.67%
Risk-free interest rate			1.94%				1.43%				1.27%
Expected dividend yield			1.07%				1.54%				1.12%
Weighted-average fair value of grants			$11.49				$7.75				$10.05

Expected life – We use historical employee exercise and option expiration data to estimate the expected life assumption for the Black-Scholes grant-date valuation. We believe that this historical data is currently the best estimate of the expected term of a new option. We use a weighted-average expected life for all awards.

Expected volatility – Volatility is calculated using our stock’s historical volatility for the same period of time as the expected life. We have no reason to believe that its future volatility will differ from the past.

Risk-free interest rate – The rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant for the same period of time as the expected life.

Expected dividend yield – The calculation is based on the total expected annual dividend payout divided by the average stock price.

Expense

We use the straight-line attribution method to recognize share-based compensation expense for option awards, restricted stock shares and restricted stock units with graded and cliff vesting. Incentive stock options and performance awards are based on certain performance-based metrics and the expense is adjusted quarterly, based on our projections of the achievement of those metrics. The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized during a period is based on the value of the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. The expense is recognized over the requisite service period, which for us is the period between the grant date and the earlier of the award’s stated vesting term or the date the employee is eligible for early vesting based on the terms of the plans.

Total share-based compensation expense was $17,503, $13,344 and $14,156 for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. All share-based compensation was recorded as SG&A expense.

The benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation costs (excess tax benefits) are recorded as a financing cash inflow rather than a deduction of taxes paid.  For 2017, 2016 and 2015, there was $2,010, $1,641 and $1,433 of excess tax benefit recognized resulting from share-based compensation cost, respectively.  Our additional paid in capital pool (“APIC Pool”) of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies was $23,886 at December 2, 2017 due to exercises of stock options, vesting of restricted stock and deferred compensation payouts in the year.

As of December 2, 2017, $14,934 of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock option awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years. Unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested restricted stock units was $12,427 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.0 years.

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Stock Option Activity

The stock option activity for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 is summarized below:

				Weighted-
				Average
	Options			Exercise Price
Outstanding at November 29, 2014		2,534,473		$	30.39
Granted		759,167			40.69
Exercised		(275,035	)		22.67
Forfeited or cancelled		(106,532	)		42.42
Outstanding at November 28, 2015		2,912,073		$	33.37
Granted		853,516			33.98
Exercised		(593,891	)		24.38
Forfeited or cancelled		(185,217	)		39.91
Outstanding at December 3, 2016		2,986,481		$	34.92
Granted		1,493,133			53.97
Exercised		(514,064	)		34.51
Forfeited or cancelled		(104,786	)		37.20
Outstanding at December 2, 2017		3,860,764		$	42.28

On October 20, 2017, in connection with the closing of the Royal Adhesives acquisition, grants of performance-based non-qualified stock options were made to named executive officers at certain target level amounts. Target level non-qualified stock options amounts may increase to 150% of the target amount based on fiscal year 2020 adjusted EBITDA performance. The performance-based non-qualified stock options agreement provides for cliff vesting in the event that fiscal year 2020 adjusted EBITDA (defined as Adjusted Operating Income plus Depreciation plus Amortization) performance criteria is met at least at a threshold level in order to promote the successful integration of the Royal Adhesives business into the Company’s operations.

The fair value of options granted during 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $17,157, $6,615 and $7,632, respectively. Total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $8,677, $11,675 and $5,327, respectively. For options outstanding at December 2, 2017, the weighted-average remaining contractual life was 7.4 years and the aggregate intrinsic value was $53,142. For options exercisable at December 2, 2017, the weighted-average remaining contractual life was 5.3 years and the aggregated intrinsic value was $36,642. Intrinsic value is the difference between our closing stock price on the respective trading day and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of options exercised. Proceeds received from option exercises during the year ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 were $17,705, $11,269 and $4,631, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the exercise of stock options for 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $2,723, $3,506 and $1,890, respectively.

Restricted Stock Activity

The nonvested restricted stock activity for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 is summarized below:

												Weighted-
										Weighted-		Average
										Average		Remaining
										Grant		Contractual
										Date Fair		Life
	Units			Shares			Total			Value		(in Years)
Nonvested at November 29, 2014		188,661			188,622			377,283		$	40.70		1.0
Granted		144,100			-			144,100			40.92		1.2
Vested		(82,495	)		(69,152	)		(151,647	)		37.47		-
Forfeited		(13,253	)		(9,310	)		(22,563	)		40.66		0.8
Nonvested at November 28, 2015		237,013			110,160			347,173		$	42.17		0.8
Granted		253,515			-			253,515			35.40		1.3
Vested		(104,828	)		(73,028	)		(177,856	)		41.91		-
Forfeited		(32,956	)		(179	)		(33,135	)		38.40		1.5
Nonvested at December 3, 2016		352,744			36,953			389,697		$	38.36		1.0
Granted		287,684			-			287,684			50.05		1.2
Vested		(156,152	)		(36,953	)		(193,105	)		39.92		-
Forfeited		(22,035	)		-			(22,035	)		39.67		1.1
Nonvested at December 2, 2017		462,241			-			462,241		$	44.80		1.0

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Total fair value of restricted stock vested during 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $7,708, $6,257 and $6,192, respectively.  The total fair value of nonvested restricted stock units at December 2, 2017 was $20,710.

We repurchased 56,230, 67,807 and 54,454 restricted stock shares during 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, in conjunction with restricted stock share vestings. The repurchases relate to statutory minimum tax withholding. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the restricted stock vested for 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $3,059, $2,080 and $1,878 respectively.

Deferred Compensation Activity

Deferred compensation units are fully vested at the date of contribution. The deferred compensation units outstanding for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 is summarized below:

	Non-employee
	Directors			Employees			Total
Units outstanding November 29, 2014		342,547			52,303			394,850
Participant contributions		16,312			4,705			21,017
Company match contributions1		21,636			470			22,106
Payouts		(325	)		(11,572	)		(11,897	)
Units outstanding November 28, 2015		380,170			45,906			426,076
Participant contributions		23,900			4,908			28,808
Company match contributions1		20,576			491			21,067
Payouts		(327	)		(10,189	)		(10,516	)
Units outstanding December 3, 2016		424,319			41,116			465,435
Participant contributions		16,051			5,567			21,618
Company match contributions1		17,343			557			17,900
Payouts		(14,143	)		(15,634	)		(29,777	)
Units outstanding December 2, 2017		443,570			31,606			475,176

¹ The non-employee directors’ company match includes 15,738, 18,186 and 20,005 deferred compensation units paid as discretionary awards to all non-employee directors in 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.

The fair value of non-employee directors’ company matches for 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $133, $156 and $122, respectively. The fair value of the non-employee directors’ discretionary award was $805 for 2017, $800 for 2016 and $800 for 2015. The fair value of employee company matches was $26 for 2017 and $18 for 2016 and $17 for 2015.

Note 10: Pension and Postretirement Benefits

Defined Contribution Plan

All U.S. employees have the option of contributing up to 75 percent of their pre-tax earnings to a 401(k) plan, subject to IRS limitations. We match up to the first 4 percent of each employee's pre-tax earnings, based on the employee’s contributions. All U.S. employees are eligible for a separate annual retirement contribution to the 401(k) plan of 3 percent of pay, that is invested based on the election of the individual participant. The 3 percent contribution is in addition to our 4 percent matching contribution described above and is in lieu of participation in our defined benefit pension plan. The total contribution to the 401(k) plan for 2017 was $10,899 which included the cost of the 4 percent company match of $5,141 and the additional 3 percent contribution of $5,758. The total contributions to the 401(k) plan were $10,417 and $9,375 in 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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The defined contribution plan liability recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets was $6,307 and $6,597 in 2017 and 2016, respectively for the U.S. Plan and several statutorily required non-U.S. Plans.

Defined Benefit Plans

Noncontributory defined benefit pension plans cover all U.S. employees employed prior to January 1, 2007. Benefits for these plans are based primarily on each employee’s years of service and average compensation. During 2011, we made significant changes to our U.S. Pension Plan (the Plan). The changes included: benefits under the Plan were locked-in using service and salary as of May 31, 2011, participants no longer earn benefits for future service and salary as they had in the past, affected participants receive a three percent increase to the locked-in benefit for every year they continue to work for us and we are making a retirement contribution of three percent of eligible compensation to the 401(k) Plan for those participants. The funding policy is consistent with the funding requirements of federal law and regulations. Plan assets consist principally of listed equity securities and bonds. During 2015, we amended the plan to add a program for eligible employees to take a lump sum distribution. No lump sum payments were paid during 2017. A total of $8,399 was paid during 2016  as lump sum distributions under this program. Other U.S. postretirement benefits are funded through a Voluntary Employees' Beneficiaries Association Trust.

Health care and life insurance benefits are provided for eligible retired employees and their eligible dependents. These benefits are provided through various insurance companies and health care providers. Costs are accrued during the years the employee renders the necessary service.

Certain non-U.S. subsidiaries provide pension benefits for their employees consistent with local practices and regulations. These plans are primarily defined benefit plans covering substantially all employees upon completion of a specified period of service. Benefits for these plans are generally based on years of service and annual compensation.

Royal Adhesives has defined benefit pension plans for its employees in the U.S. and Germany. The balances related to these plans have been adjusted in purchase accounting and are reflected in the tables below. See Note 2 for further information on this acquisition. 

Following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016:

	Pension Benefits												Other Postretirement
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Benefits
	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Change in projected benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of  year	$	362,213		$	376,098		$	202,176		$	201,172		$	42,721		$	49,923
Service cost		111			110			2,125			2,016			208			342
Interest cost		15,836			15,360			4,709			5,465			1,593			1,956
Participant contributions		-			-			-			-			200			282
Actuarial (gain)/loss1		14,405			(2,253	)		(6,636	)		15,254			2,078			(6,450	)
Other		-			-			-			19			-			-
Acquisition		6,518			-			12,156			-			-			-
Settlement payments		-			(8,399	)		(62	)		(511	)		-			-
Benefits paid		(19,724	)		(18,703	)		(8,495	)		(7,382	)		(3,475	)		(3,332	)
Foreign currency translation effect		-			-			18,009			(13,857	)		-			-
Benefit obligation at end of year		379,359			362,213			223,982			202,176			43,325			42,721
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year		331,505			336,461			163,322			172,241			66,640			62,585
Acquisition		4,605			-			-			-			-			-
Actual return on plan assets		60,176			20,610			16,889			10,516			14,631			4,388
Employer contributions		1,537			1,536			1,863			2,319			1,304			2,717
Participant contributions		-			-			-			-			200			282
Settlement payments		-			(8,399	)		-			-			-			-
Other		-			-			(272	)		98			-			-
Benefits paid2		(19,724	)		(18,703	)		(8,223	)		(7,382	)		(3,475	)		(3,332	)
Foreign currency translation effect		-			-			14,129			(14,470	)		-			-
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		378,099			331,505			187,708			163,322			79,300			66,640
Plan assets (less than) in excess of benefit obligation as of year end	$	(1,260	)	$	(30,708	)	$	(36,274	)	$	(38,853	)	$	35,975		$	23,919

1 Actuarial gain in 2017 for the U.S. Plans is due to plan experience. Actuarial loss in 2016 for the Non-U.S. Plans includes a $16,330 loss due to assumption changes net of a ($1,076) gain due to plan experience.

2 Amount excludes benefit payments made from sources other than plan assets.

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For the U.S. Pension Plan, we adopted the Adjusted RP-2014 mortality tables projected generationally using scale MP-2017.

Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost	Pension Benefits										Other Postretirement
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans						Benefits
	2017		2016		2017			2016			2017		2016
Unrecognized actuarial loss	$	131,643	$	157,185	$	67,344		$	82,874		$	5,877	$	13,653
Unrecognized prior service cost (benefit)		32		61		(4	)		(7	)		-		-
Ending balance	$	131,675	$	157,246	$	67,340		$	82,867		$	5,877	$	13,653

	Pension Benefits												Other Postretirement
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Benefits
	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Statement of financial position as of fiscal year-end
Non-current assets	$	19,520		$	-		$	10,912		$	-		$	39,163		$	27,093
Accrued benefit cost
Current liabilities		(1,501	)		(1,489	)		(1,879	)		(1,162	)		(210	)		(206	)
Non-current liabilities		(19,279	)		(29,219	)		(45,307	)		(37,691	)		(2,978	)		(2,968	)
Ending balance	$	(1,260	)	$	(30,708	)	$	(36,274	)	$	(38,853	)	$	35,975		$	23,919

The accumulated benefit obligation of the U.S. pension and other postretirement plans was $409,376 at December 2, 2017 and $392,400 at December 3, 2016. The accumulated benefit obligation of the non-U.S. pension plans was $214,512 at December 2, 2017 and $201,151 at December 3, 2016.

The following amounts relate to pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016:

	Pension Benefits and Other Postretirement Benefits
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	25,349	$	352,853	$	120,459	$	201,151
Fair value of plan assets		4,669		331,505		82,631		163,323

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The following amounts relate to pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016:

	Pension Benefits and Other Postretirement Benefits
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Projected benefit obligation	$	25,449	$	362,213	$	137,618	$	202,176
Fair value of plan assets		4,669		331,505		90,434		163,323

Information about the expected cash flows follows:

	Pension Benefits				Other
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Postretirement Benefits
Employer contributions
2018	$	312	$	527	$	2,000
Expected benefit payments
2018	$	20,111	$	8,478	$	3,207
2019		20,334		8,920		3,198
2020		20,745		8,654		3,173
2021		21,131		9,084		3,148
2022		21,481		9,269		3,109
2023-2027		110,397		47,947		14,494

Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015 follow:

	Pension Benefits																		Other
	U.S. Plans									Non-U.S. Plans									Postretirement Benefits
Net periodic cost (benefit)	2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015
Service cost	$	111		$	110		$	107		$	2,125		$	2,016		$	1,924		$	208		$	342		$	449
Interest cost		15,836			15,360			16,322			4,709			5,465			5,986			1,593			1,956			2,042
Expected return on assets		(25,458	)		(24,776	)		(25,682	)		(9,853	)		(9,919	)		(10,422	)		(5,788	)		(5,470	)		(5,510	)
Amortization:
Prior service cost		29			29			29			(4	)		(3	)		(4	)		-			(41	)		(2,505	)
Actuarial loss (gain)		5,905			5,271			5,628			3,492			3,106			3,173			1,010			2,169			2,431
Curtailment loss (gain)		-			-			-			-			19			-			-			-			-
Settlement charge (credit)		-			-			-			16			135			-			-			-			-
Net periodic  (benefit) cost	$	(3,577	)	$	(4,006	)	$	(3,596	)	$	485		$	819		$	657		$	(2,977	)	$	(1,044	)	$	(3,093	)

	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans			Postretirement benefits
Amounts expected to be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit costs over next fiscal year as of December 2, 2017
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	$	29	$	(3	)	$	-
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss		5,903		2,735			60
	$	5,932	$	2,732		$	60

75

	Pension Benefits																		Other
	U.S. Plans									Non-U.S. Plans									Postretirement Benefits
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations	2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015
Discount rate		3.72	%		4.08	%		4.28	%		2.12	%		2.31	%		2.82	%		3.54	%		3.85	%		4.02	%
Rate of compensation increase1		4.50	%		4.50	%		4.50	%		1.71	%		1.47	%		1.58	%		N/A			N/A			N/A

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net costs for years ended	2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015
Discount rate		4.08	%		4.28	%		4.08	%		2.15	%		2.83	%		2.95	%		3.85	%		4.02	%		3.84	%
Expected return on plan assets		7.75	%		7.75	%		7.75	%		6.21	%		6.20	%		6.22	%		8.75	%		8.75	%		8.75	%
Rate of compensation increase1		4.50	%		4.50	%		4.50	%		1.47	%		1.58	%		1.58	%		N/A			N/A			N/A

¹Benefits under the U.S. Pension Plan were locked-in as of May 31, 2011 and no longer include compensation increases. The 4.50 percent rate for 2017, 2016 and 2015 are for the supplemental executive retirement plan only.

The discount rate assumption is determined using an actuarial yield curve approach, which results in a discount rate that reflects the characteristics of the plan. The approach identifies a broad population of corporate bonds that meet the quality and size criteria for the particular plan. We use this approach rather than a specific index that has a certain set of bonds that may or may not be representative of the characteristics of our particular plan. A higher discount rate decreases the present value of the pension obligations. The discount rate for the U.S. pension plan was 3.73 percent at December 2, 2017, compared to 4.10 percent at December 3, 2016 and 4.30 percent at November 28, 2015. Net periodic pension cost for a given fiscal year is based on assumptions developed at the end of the previous fiscal year. A discount rate reduction of 0.5 percentage points at December 2, 2017 would increase pension and other postretirement plan expense approximately $33 (pre-tax) in fiscal 2018. Discount rates for non-U.S. plans are determined in a manner consistent with the U.S. plan.

The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption for the U.S. pension plan was 7.75 percent in 2017, 2016 and 2015.  Our expected long-term rate of return on U.S. plan assets was based on our target asset allocation assumption of 60 percent equities and 40 percent fixed-income. Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets by considering the expected future returns and volatility levels for each asset class that are based on historical returns and forward-looking observations. For 2017 the expected long-term rate of return on the target equities allocation was 8.25 percent and the expected long-term rate of return on the target fixed-income allocation was 5.6 percent. The total plan rate of return assumption included an estimate of the effect of diversification and the plan expense. A change of 0.5 percentage points for the expected return on assets assumption would impact U.S. net pension and other postretirement plan expense by approximately $2,287 (pre-tax).

Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, uses the actual historical rates of return of the asset categories to assess the reasonableness of the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets.

The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption for non-U.S. pension plans was a weighted-average of 6.21 percent in 2017 compared to 6.20 percent in 2016 and 6.22 percent in 2015. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption used in each non-U.S. plan is determined on a plan-by-plan basis for each local jurisdiction and is based on expected future returns for the investment mix of assets currently in the portfolio for that plan.  Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, develops expected rates of return for each plan, considers expected long-term returns for each asset category in the plan, reviews expectations for inflation for each local jurisdiction, and estimates the effect of active management of the plan’s assets. Our largest non-U.S. pension plans are in the United Kingdom and Germany, respectively. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the United Kingdom was 6.75 percent and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for Germany was 5.75 percent. Management, in conjunction with our external financial advisors, uses actual historical returns of the asset portfolio to assess the reasonableness of the expected rate of return for each plan.

Assumed health care trend rates	2017			2016			2015
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year		6.50	%		6.75	%		7.00	%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)		5.00	%		5.00	%		5.00	%
Fiscal year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2024			2023			2024

76

Sensitivity Information: A one-percentage point change in the health care cost trend rate would have the following effects on the December 2, 2017 service and interest cost and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at December 2, 2017:

	One-Percentage Point
	Increase		Decrease
Effect on service and interest cost components – annual	$	82	$	(73	)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation	$	1,969	$	(1,760	)

The asset allocation for the company’s U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans at the end of 2017 and 2016 follows.

	U.S. Pension Plans									Non-U.S. Pension Plans									Other Postretirement Plans
	Target			Percentage of Plan Assets at Year-End						Target			Percentage of Plan Assets at Year-End						Target			Percentage of Plan Assets at Year-End
Asset Category	2017			2017			2016			2017			2017			2016			2017			2017			2016
Equities		60.0	%		63.3	%		62.4	%		49.2	%		51.5	%		49.8	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%
Fixed income		40.0	%		37.6	%		38.4	%		50.8	%		47.9	%		49.6	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%
Insurance		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		100.0	%		99.5	%		99.1	%
Cash		0.0	%		-0.9	%		-0.8	%		0.0	%		0.6	%		0.6	%		0.0	%		0.5	%		0.9	%
Total		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%

Plan Asset Management

Plan assets are held in trust and invested in mutual funds, separately managed accounts and other commingled investment vehicles holding U.S. and non-U.S. equity securities, fixed income securities and other investment classes. We employ a total return approach whereby a mix of equities and fixed income investments are used to maximize the long-term return of plan assets for a prudent level of risk. Futures and options may also be used to enhance risk-adjusted long-term returns while improving portfolio diversification and duration. Risk management is accomplished through diversification across asset classes, utilization of multiple investment managers and general plan-specific investment policies. Risk tolerance is established through careful consideration of the plan liabilities, plan funded status and our assessment of our overall liquidity position. This asset allocation policy mix is reviewed annually and actual versus target allocations are monitored regularly and rebalanced on an as-needed basis. Plan assets are invested using a combination of active and passive investment strategies. Passive, or “indexed” strategies, attempt to mimic rather than exceed the investment performance of a market benchmark. The plans’ active investment strategies employ multiple investment management firms which in aggregate cover a range of investment styles and approaches. Performance is monitored and compared to relevant benchmarks on a regular basis.

The U.S. pension plans consist of two plans: a pension plan and a supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”). There were no assets in the SERP in 2017 and 2016. Consequently, all of the data disclosed in the asset allocation table for the U.S. pension plans pertain to our U.S. pension plan.

During 2017 we maintained our assets within the allowed ranges of the target asset allocation mix of 60 percent equities and 40 percent fixed income plus or minus 5 percent and continued our focus to reduce volatility of plan assets in future periods and to more closely match the duration of the assets with the duration of the liabilities of the plan. We plan to maintain the portfolio at this target allocation in 2018.

The non-U.S. pension plans consist of all the pension plans administered by us outside the U.S., principally consisting of plans in Germany, the United Kingdom, France and Canada. During 2017 we maintained our assets for the non-U.S. pension plans at the specific target asset allocation mix determined for each plan plus or minus the allowed rate and continued our focus to reduce volatility of plan assets in future periods and to more closely match the duration of the assets with the duration of the liabilities of the individual plans. We plan to maintain the portfolios at their respective target asset allocations in 2018.

Other postretirement benefits plans consist of two U.S. plans: a retiree medical health care plan and a group term life insurance plan. There were no assets in the group term life insurance plan for 2017 and 2016. Consequently, all of the data disclosed in the asset allocation table for other postretirement plans pertain to our retiree medical health care plan. Our investment strategy for other postretirement benefit plans is to own insurance policies that maintain an asset allocation nearly completely in equities. These equities are invested in a passive portfolio indexed to the S&P 500. Our large weighting to equities in these plans is driven by the investment options available and the relative underfunded status of the plans.

77

Fair Value of Plan Assets

The following table presents plan assets categorized within a three-level fair value hierarchy as described in Note 13.

	December 2, 2017
U.S. Pension Plans	Level 1			Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Equities	$	144,124		$	95,542	$	-	$	239,666
Fixed income		42,310			99,252		291		141,853
Cash		(3,893	)		126		-		(3,767	)
Total categorized in the fair value hierarchy		182,541			194,920		291		377,752
Other investments measured at NAV 1									347
Total	$	182,541		$	194,920	$	291	$	378,099

Non-U.S. Pension Plans	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Equities	$	35,118	$	1,185	$	-	$	36,303
Fixed income		46,725		6,618		660		54,003
Cash		549		-		-		549
Total categorized in the fair value hierarchy		82,392		7,803		660		90,855
Other investments measured at NAV 1								96,855
Total	$	82,392	$	7,803	$	660	$	187,710

Other Postretirement Benefits	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Insurance	$	-	$	-	$	78,894	$	78,894
Cash		406		-		-		406
Total	$	406	$	-	$	78,894	$	79,300

	December 3, 2016
U.S. Pension Plans	Level 1			Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Equities	$	127,275		$	79,669	$	-	$	206,944
Fixed income		41,513			85,363		320		127,196
Cash		(2,635	)		-		-		(2,635	)
Total	$	166,153		$	165,032	$	320	$	331,505

Non-U.S. Pension Plans	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Equities	$	30,165	$	1,165	$	-	$	31,330
Fixed income		41,490		6,013		569		48,072
Cash		996		-		-		996
Total categorized in the fair value hierarchy		72,651		7,178		569		80,398
Other investments measured at NAV 1								82,925
Total	$	72,651	$	7,178	$	569	$	163,323

78

Other Postretirement Benefits	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Assets
Insurance	$	-	$	-	$	66,064	$	66,064
Cash		576		-		-		576
Total	$	576	$	-	$	66,064	$	66,640

¹ In accordance with ASC Topic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement, certain investments that are measured at NAV (Net Asset Value per share) (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts represented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.

The definitions of fair values of our pension and other postretirement benefit plan assets at December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 by asset category are as follows:

Equities—Primarily publicly traded common stock for purposes of total return and to maintain equity exposure consistent with policy allocations. Investments include: (i) U.S. and non-U.S. equity securities and mutual funds valued at closing prices from national exchanges; and (ii) commingled funds valued at unit values or net asset values provided by the investment managers, which are based on the fair value of the underlying investments. Funds valued at net asset value have various investment strategies including seeking maximum total returns consistent with prudent investment management, seeking current income consistent with preservation of capital and daily liquidity and seeking to approximate the risk and return characterized by a specific index fund. There are no restrictions for redeeming holdings out of these funds and the funds have no unfunded commitments.

Fixed income—Primarily corporate and government debt securities for purposes of total return and managing fixed income exposure to policy allocations. Investments include (i) mutual funds valued at closing prices from national exchanges, (ii) corporate and government debt securities valued at closing prices from national exchanges, (iii) commingled funds valued at unit values or net asset value provided by the investment managers, which are based on the fair value of the underlying investments, and (iv) an annuity contract, the value of which is determined by the provider and represents the amount the plan would receive if the contract were cashed out at year-end.

Insurance—Insurance contracts for purposes of funding postretirement medical benefits. Fair values are the cash surrender values as determined by the providers which are the amounts the plans would receive if the contracts were cashed out at year end.

Cash–Cash balances on hand, accrued income and pending settlements of transactions for purposes of handling plan payments. Fair values are the cash balances as reported by the Trustees of the plans.

The following is a roll forward of the Level 3 investments of our pension and postretirement benefit plan assets during the year ended December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016:

	Fixed Income
U.S. Pension Plans	2017			2016
Level 3 balance at beginning of year	$	320		$	352
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net		(29	)		(32	)
Level 3 balance at end of year	$	291		$	320

	Fixed Income
Non-U.S. Pension Plans	2017		2016
Level 3 balance at beginning of year	$	569	$	530
Net transfers into / (out of) level 3		21		21
Net gains		3		16
Currency change effect		67		2
Level 3 balance at end of year	$	660	$	569

79

	Insurance
Other Postretirement Benefits	2017			2016
Level 3 balance at beginning of year	$	66,064		$	62,299
Net transfers into / (out of) level 3		(1,073	)		(435	)
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net		(570	)		(482	)
Net gains		14,473			4,682
Level 3 balance at end of year	$	78,894		$	66,064

Note 11: Income Taxes

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments	2017			2016		2015
United States	$	(35,173	)	$	76,199	$	97,094
Non-U.S.		93,872			91,226		41,251
Total	$	58,699		$	167,425	$	138,345

Components of the provision for income tax expense (benefit)	2017			2016			2015
Current:
U.S. federal	$	444		$	14,515		$	24,180
State		21			2,789			2,955
Non-U.S.		29,557			27,788			22,075
		30,022			45,092			49,210
Deferred:
U.S. federal		(8,318	)		6,444			8,096
State		(1,473	)		1,102			1,269
Non-U.S.		(11,145	)		(2,202	)		(2,720	)
		(20,936	)		5,344			6,645
Total	$	9,086		$	50,436		$	55,855

Reconciliation of effective income tax	2017			2016			2015
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate	$	20,545		$	58,599		$	48,421
State income taxes, net of federal benefit		(1,018	)		2,135			3,281
Foreign dividend repatriation		276			519			388
Foreign rate differential		(9,565	)		(3,386	)		1,547
Impact of option valuation		(1,381	)		(1,879	)		1,211
Interest income not taxable in the U.S.		(626	)		(525	)		(1,243	)
Change in valuation allowance		(3,694	)		(2,219	)		480
Tax impact of special charges, net		-			173			1,678
Research and development tax credit		(647	)		(2,291	)		(71	)
Section 199 manufacturing deduction		-			(1,658	)		(2,036	)
Royal Adhesives transaction costs		2,271			-			-
Other		2,925			968			2,199
Total	$	9,086		$	50,436		$	55,855

80

Deferred income tax balances at each year-end related to:	2017			2016
Deferred tax assets:
Employee benefit costs	$	36,824		$	46,249
Foreign tax credit carryforward		27,197			11,593
Tax loss carryforwards		24,096			19,902
Other		25,123			20,612
Gross deferred tax assets		113,240			98,356
Less: valuation allowance		(9,273	)		(11,929	)
Net deferred tax assets		103,967			86,427
Deferred tax liability:
Depreciation and amortization		(336,260	)		(66,589	)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	(232,293	)	$	19,838

The difference between the change in the deferred tax assets in the balance sheet and the deferred tax provision is primarily due to the defined benefit pension plan adjustment recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and Royal Adhesives purchase accounting adjustments.

Valuation allowances principally relate to foreign net operating loss carryforwards where the future potential benefits do not meet the more-likely-than-not realization test. The decrease in the valuation allowance of $2,656 during 2017 is due primarily to the release of the valuation allowance of H.B. Fuller Brasil.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more-likely-than-not to be realized. We believe it is more-likely-than-not that carryback potential, reversal of deferred tax liabilities and forecasted income, will be sufficient to fully recover the net deferred tax assets not already offset by a valuation allowance. In the event that all or part of the gross deferred tax assets are determined not to be realizable in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made.

U.S. income taxes have not been provided on approximately $529,800 of undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries. We intend to indefinitely reinvest these undistributed earnings. Cash available in the United States has historically been sufficient and we expect it will continue to be sufficient to fund U.S. cash flow requirements. In the event these earnings are later distributed to the U.S., such distributions would likely result in additional U.S. tax that may be offset, at least in part, by associated foreign tax credits.

While non-U.S. operations have been profitable overall, there are cumulative tax losses of $108,138 in various countries.  These tax losses can be carried forward to offset the income tax liabilities on future income in these countries.  Cumulative tax losses of $57,799 can be carried forward indefinitely, while the remaining $50,339 of tax losses must be utilized during 2018 to 2034.

The U.S. has a foreign tax credit carryforward of $27,197. The credits will expire between 2022 and 2027. Projected foreign source income in future years is sufficient to utilize these credits in the carryforward period.

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The table below sets forth the changes to our gross unrecognized tax benefit as a result of uncertain tax positions, excluding accrued interest, for the fiscal years ended December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016.  We do not anticipate that the total unrecognized tax benefits will change significantly within the next twelve months.

	2017			2016
Balance at beginning of year	$	4,165		$	4,870
Tax positions related to the current year:
Additions		613			774
Additions due to acquisitions		4,823			-
Tax positions related to prior years:
Additions		2,120			209
Reductions		(1,585	)		(377	)
Settlements		(708	)		(131	)
Lapses in applicable statutes of limitation		(541	)		(1,180	)
Balance at end of year	$	8,887		$	4,165

Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 2, 2017, are potential benefits of $8,515 that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.

We report accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  For the year ended December 2, 2017, we recognized a net benefit for interest and penalties of $153 relating to unrecognized tax benefits and had net accumulated accrued interest and penalties of $393 as of December 2, 2017.  For the year ended December 3, 2016, we recognized a net benefit for interest and penalties of $87 relating to unrecognized tax benefits and had net accumulated accrued interest and penalties of $676 as of December 3, 2016.

We are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax in numerous state and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal tax examination for years prior to 2012 or Swiss income tax examination for years prior to 2009. During 2015, the U.S. tax authorities opened an audit for the years ended December 1, 2012 and November 30, 2013. These audits have been principally settled but remain open only for matters to be addressed by the U.S., Canada and Mexican authorities in competent authority. During the second quarter of 2016, H.B. Fuller (China) Adhesives, Ltd. was notified of a transfer pricing audit covering the calendar years 2005 through 2014. We are in various stages of examination and appeal in several states and other foreign jurisdictions. Although the final outcomes of these examinations cannot currently be determined, we believe that we have recorded adequate liabilities with respect to these examinations.

Note 12: Financial Instruments

Overview

As a result of being a global enterprise, our earnings, cash flows and financial position are exposed to foreign currency risk from foreign currency denominated receivables and payables.

We use foreign currency forward contracts, cross-currency swaps, and interest rate swaps to manage risks associated with foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. We do not hold derivative financial instruments of a speculative nature or for trading purposes. We record derivatives as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in fair value are recognized immediately in earnings unless the derivative qualifies and is designated as a hedge. Cash flows from derivatives are classified in the statement of cash flows in the same category as the cash flows from the items subject to designated hedge or undesignated (economic) hedge relationships. The company evaluates hedge effectiveness at inception and on an ongoing basis. If a derivative is no longer expected to be effective, hedge accounting is discontinued. Hedge ineffectiveness, if any, is recorded in earnings.

We are exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance of counterparties for foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements. We select investment-grade multinational banks and financial institutions as counterparties for derivative transactions and monitors the credit quality of each of these banks on a periodic basis as warranted. We do not anticipate nonperformance by any of these counterparties, and valuation allowances, if any, are de minimis.

Cash Flow Hedges

Effective October 20, 2017, we entered into six cross-currency swap agreements to convert a notional amount of $401,200 of foreign currency denominated intercompany loans into U.S. dollars. The swaps mature in 2021 and 2022.

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Effective February 24, 2017, we entered into a cross-currency swap agreement to convert a notional amount of $42,600 of foreign currency denominated intercompany loans into U.S. dollars. The swap matures in 2020.

Effective October 7, 2015, we entered into three cross-currency swap agreements to convert a notional amount of $134,736 of foreign currency denominated intercompany loans into US dollars. The first swap matured in 2017, the second swap matures in 2018 and the third swap matures in 2019. 

As of December 2, 2017, the combined fair value of the swaps was a liability of $20,136 and was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The swaps were designated as cash-flow hedges for accounting treatment.  The lesser amount between the cumulative change in the fair value of the actual swaps and the cumulative change in the fair value of hypothetical swaps is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The difference between the cumulative change in the fair value of the actual swaps and the cumulative change in the fair value of hypothetical swaps are recorded as other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  In a perfectly effective hedge relationship, the two fair value calculations would exactly offset each other.  Any difference in the calculation represents hedge ineffectiveness. The amount in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cross-currency swaps was a loss of $5,373 as of December 2, 2017.  The estimated net amount of the existing loss that is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 2, 2017 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months is $1,523.  As of December 2, 2017, we do not believe any gains or losses will be reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of these cash flow hedges because the original forecasted transaction will not occur.

The following table summarizes the cross-currency swaps outstanding as of December 2, 2017:

	Fiscal Year of Expiration	Interest Rate		Notional Value		Fair Value
Pay EUR	2018		3.45%		44,912		(3,295	)
Receive USD			4.5374%
Pay EUR	2019		3.80%		44,912		(4,054	)
Receive USD			5.0530%
Pay EUR	2018		1.95%		42,600		(5,728	)
Receive USD			4.3038%
Pay EUR	2018		2.75%		133,340		(2,184	)
Receive USD			4.9330%
Pay EUR	2019		3.00%		267,860		(4,875	)
Receive USD			5.1803%
Total asset (liability)				$	533,624	$	(20,136	)

On October 20, 2017 we entered into interest rate swap agreements to convert $1,050,000 of our $2,150,000 Term Loan B issued on October 20, 2017 to a fixed interest rate of 4.2775%. See Note 6 for further discussion on the issuance of our Term Loan B. The combined fair value of the interest rate swaps in total was an asset of $3,104 at December 2, 2017 and was included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The swaps were designated for hedge accounting treatment as cash flow hedges. We are applying the shortcut method in accounting for these interest rate swaps as we expect changes in the cash flows of the interest rate swap to offset the changes in cash flows (i.e. changes in interest rate payments) attributable to fluctuations in LIBOR rates on the interest payments associated with first $1,050,000 tranche of the variable rate Term Loan B, resulting in no ineffectiveness.

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The location in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and amounts of gains (losses) related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are as follows:

Year Ended December 2, 2017
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in other Comprehensive Income			Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized Income
(In thousands)	Amount			Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(6,538	)	Other (expense) income, net	$	-
Interest rate swap contracts	$	3,060		Interest expense		-

Year Ended December 3, 2016
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in other Comprehensive Income		Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(In thousands)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	68	Other (expense) income, net	$	28
Interest rate swap contracts	$	63

Year Ended November 28, 2015
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in other Comprehensive Income			Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(In thousands)	Amount			Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(2,168	)	Other (expense) income, net	$	(53	)
Interest rate swap contracts	$	56

Fair Value Hedges

On December 16, 2017 and February 24, 2017 interest rate swaps associated with our Senior Notes, Series A and B matured, respectively, as these debt instruments matured. On October 20, 2017, interest rate swaps associated with our Senior Notes, Series C and E were terminated with the repayment of these debt instruments. See Note 6 for further discussion of the repayment of our debt. We recognized a $168 net gain related to the termination of these interest rate swaps which was recorded in other income (expense), net in our Consolidated Statements of Income.

During the first quarter of 2017, we entered into interest rate swap agreements to convert $150,000 of our $300,000 Public Notes that were issued on February 14, 2017 to a variable interest rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 1.86 percent. See Note 6 for further discussion on the issuance of our Public Notes. The combined fair value of the interest rate swaps in total was a liability of $2,121 at December 2, 2017 and was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The swaps were designated for hedge accounting treatment as fair value hedges. We are applying the shortcut method in accounting for these interest rate swaps as we expect that the changes in the fair value of the swap will offset the changes in the fair value of the Public Notes resulting in no ineffectiveness. As a result of applying the shortcut method, the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap and an equivalent amount for the change in the fair value of the debt will be reflected in other income (expense), net and no ineffectiveness will be recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Income.

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The location in the Consolidated Statements of Income and amounts of gains (losses) related to derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges are as follows:

Year Ended December 2, 2017 

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized Income
(In thousands)	Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Other (expense) income, net	$	168

Year Ended December 3, 2016

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(In thousands)	Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Other (expense) income, net	$	(66	)

Year Ended November 28, 2015

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(In thousands)	Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Other (expense) income, net	$	48

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments

The company uses foreign currency forward contracts to offset its exposure to the change in value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities held at foreign subsidiaries that are remeasured at the end of each period. Although the contracts are effective economic hedges, they are not designated as accounting hedges. Foreign currency forward contracts are recorded as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the value of these derivatives are recognized immediately in earnings, thereby offsetting the current earnings effect of the related foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.

See Note 13 for fair value amounts of these derivative instruments.

As of December 2, 2017, we had forward foreign currency contracts maturing between December 14, 2016 and September 17, 2018. The mark-to-market effect associated with these contracts was largely offset by the underlying transaction gains and losses resulting from the foreign currency exposures for which these contracts relate.

The location in the Consolidated Statements of Income and amounts of gains (losses) related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments are as follows:

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Relationships	Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized Income
		Year Ended December 2, 2017			Year Ended December 3, 2016		Year Ended November 28, 2015
(In thousands)	Location	Amount			Amount		Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Other (expense) income, net	$	(3,797	)	$	4,772	$	10,442

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of entities in the customer base and their dispersion across many different industries and countries. As of December 2, 2017, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk.

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Note 13: Fair Value Measurements

Overview

Estimates of fair value for financial assets and liabilities are based on the framework established in the accounting guidance for fair value measurements. The framework defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. The framework discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The framework utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

● Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

● Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

● Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s assumptions, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

Balances Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents information about our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized to determine such fair value.

			Fair Value Measurements Using:
	December 2,
Description	2017		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Marketable securities	$	7,528	$	7,528	$	-	$	-
Foreign exchange contract assets		600		-		600		-
Interest rate swaps, cash flow hedges		3,104		-		3,104		-
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contract liabilities	$	4,397	$	-	$	4,397	$	-
Interest rate swaps, fair value hedges		2,121				2,121
Cross-currency cash-flow hedges		20,136		-		20,136		-
Contingent consideration liability		496		-		-		496

			Fair Value Measurements Using:
	December 3,
Description	2016		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Marketable securities	$	1,020	$	1,020	$	-	$	-
Foreign exchange contract assets		11,697		-		11,697		-
Interest rate swaps, fair value hedges		1,579		-		1,579		-
Cross-currency cash-flow hedges		4,654		-		4,654		-
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contract liabilities	$	6,925	$	-	$	6,925	$	-
Contingent consideration liability		4,720		-		-		4,720

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See Note 6 for discussion regarding the fair value of debt.

We use the income approach in calculating the fair value of our contingent consideration liability using a real option model with Level 3 inputs. The expected cash flows are affected by various significant judgments and assumptions, including revenue growth rates, profit margin percentages, volatility and discount rate, which are sensitive to change. Estimates of fair value are inherently uncertain and represent only management’s reasonable expectation regarding future developments. These estimates and the judgments and assumptions upon which the estimates are based will, in all likelihood, differ in some respects from actual future results. The valuation of our contingent consideration related to the acquisition of Tonsan Adhesive, Inc. as of December 2, 2017 resulted in a fair value adjustment of $5,367 recorded to selling, general and administrative in the Statement of Income as of December 2, 2017

Contingent consideration liability	2017			2016
Level 3 balance at beginning of year	$	4,720		$	10,854
Mark to market adjustment		(5,470	)		(6,032	)
Adjustment for amendment to agreement		1,120			-
Foreign currency translation adjustment		126			(102	)
Level 3 balance at end of year	$	496		$	4,720

Balances Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

We measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets include tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an acquisition, and cost basis investments that are written down to fair value when they are determined to be impaired.

Property, plant and equipment related to acquisitions – Property, plant and equipment acquired in connection with our acquisitions during 2017 and 2016 were measured using unobservable (Level 3) inputs, using the cost approach.  The cost approach computes the cost to replace the asset, less accrued depreciation resulting from physical deterioration, functional obsolescence and external obsolescence.  

Intangible assets related to acquisitions– The identified intangible assets acquired in connection with our acquisitions during 2017 and 2016 were measured using unobservable (Level 3) inputs.  The fair value of the intangible assets was calculated using either the income approach or a discounted market-based methodology approach. Significant inputs include estimated revenue growth rates, gross margins, operating expenses, attrition rate, royalty rate and discount rate.  

See Note 2 for further discussion regarding our acquisitions.

Note 14: Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The minimum lease payments, related to buildings, equipment and vehicles, that are expected to be made in each of the years indicated based on operating leases in effect at December 2, 2017 are:

Fiscal Year	2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		Total Minimum Lease Payments
Operating Leases	$	12,319	$	8,671	$	6,418	$	4,612	$	3,373	$	35,393

Rent expense for all operating leases, which includes minimum lease payments and other charges such as common area maintenance fees, was $15,540, $12,884 and $12,684 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Environmental Matters

From time to time, we become aware of compliance matters relating to, or receive notices from, federal, state or local entities regarding possible or alleged violations of environmental, health or safety laws and regulations. We review the circumstances of each individual site, considering the number of parties involved, the level of potential liability or our contribution relative to the other parties, the nature and magnitude of the hazardous substances involved, the method and extent of remediation, the estimated legal and consulting expense with respect to each site and the time period over which any costs would likely be incurred. Also, from time to time, we are identified as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and/or similar state laws that impose liability for costs relating to the clean up of contamination resulting from past spills, disposal or other release of hazardous substances. We are also subject to similar laws in some of the countries where current and former facilities are located. Our environmental, health and safety department monitors compliance with applicable laws on a global basis. To the extent we can reasonably estimate the amount of our probable liabilities for environmental matters, we establish an undiscounted financial provision. We recorded liabilities of $11,380 and $1,600 as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 for probable and reasonably estimable environmental remediation costs. The December 2, 2017 reserve for environmental matters is primarily related to our acquisitions of Royal Adhesives and Adecol during fiscal 2017.

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Currently we are involved in various environmental investigations, clean up activities and administrative proceedings and lawsuits. In particular, we are currently deemed a PRP in conjunction with numerous other parties, in a number of government enforcement actions associated with landfills and/or hazardous waste sites. As a PRP, we may be required to pay a share of the costs of investigation and clean up of these sites. In addition, we are engaged in environmental remediation and monitoring efforts at a number of current and former operating facilities. While uncertainties exist with respect to the amounts and timing of the ultimate environmental liabilities, based on currently available information, we have concluded that these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

Other Legal Proceedings

From time to time and in the ordinary course of business, we are a party to, or a target of, lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings, including product liability, personal injury, contract, patent and intellectual property, environmental, health and safety, tax and employment matters. While we are unable to predict the outcome of these matters, we have concluded, based upon currently available information, that the ultimate resolution of any pending matter, individually or in the aggregate, including the asbestos litigation described in the following paragraphs, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

We have been named as a defendant in lawsuits in which plaintiffs have alleged injury due to products containing asbestos manufactured more than 30 years ago. The plaintiffs generally bring these lawsuits against multiple defendants and seek damages (both actual and punitive) in very large amounts. In many cases, plaintiffs are unable to demonstrate that they have suffered any compensable injuries or that the injuries suffered were the result of exposure to products manufactured by us. We are typically dismissed as a defendant in such cases without payment. If the plaintiff presents evidence indicating that compensable injury occurred as a result of exposure to our products, the case is generally settled for an amount that reflects the seriousness of the injury, the length, intensity and character of exposure to products containing asbestos, the number and solvency of other defendants in the case, and the jurisdiction in which the case has been brought.

A significant portion of the defense costs and settlements in asbestos-related litigation is paid by third parties, including indemnification pursuant to the provisions of a 1976 agreement under which we acquired a business from a third party. Currently, this third party is defending and paying settlement amounts, under a reservation of rights, in most of the asbestos cases tendered to the third party.

In addition to the indemnification arrangements with third parties, we have insurance policies that generally provide coverage for asbestos liabilities, including defense costs.  Historically, insurers have paid a significant portion of our defense costs and settlements in asbestos-related litigation. However, certain of our insurers are insolvent.  We have entered into cost-sharing agreements with our insurers that provide for the allocation of defense costs and settlements and judgments in asbestos-related lawsuits.  These agreements require, among other things, that we fund a share of settlements and judgments allocable to years in which the responsible insurer is insolvent.

A summary of the number of and settlement amounts for asbestos-related lawsuits and claims is as follows:

	Year Ended		Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 2,		December 3,		November 28,
	2017		2016		2015
Lawsuits and claims settled		9		14		10
Settlement amounts	$	1,673	$	1,360	$	858
Insurance payments received or expected to be received	$	1,365	$	884	$	682

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We do not believe that it would be meaningful to disclose the aggregate number of asbestos-related lawsuits filed against us because relatively few of these lawsuits are known to involve exposure to asbestos-containing products that we manufactured. Rather, we believe it is more meaningful to disclose the number of lawsuits that are settled and result in a payment to the plaintiff. To the extent we can reasonably estimate the amount of our probable liabilities for pending asbestos-related claims, we establish a financial provision and a corresponding receivable for insurance recoveries. 

Based on currently available information, we have concluded that the resolution of any pending matter, including asbestos-related litigation, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. However, adverse developments and/or periodic settlements could negatively impact the results of operations or cash flows in one or more future periods.

We have retained legal counsel to conduct an internal investigation of possible resale of our products by certain customers to Iran contrary to U.S. law and regulations and our compliance policy. The sales to those particular customers being investigated represented less than one percent of our net revenue in each of our last three fiscal years.  The investigation also includes a review of sales by our subsidiaries in two countries outside the United States in possible violation of the sanctions regulations of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) and other applicable laws and regulations.  In January 2018, we voluntarily contacted OFAC to advise it of this internal investigation and our intention to cooperate fully with OFAC.  At this time, we cannot predict the outcome or effect of the investigation.

Note 15: Operating Segments

We are required to report segment information in the same way that we internally organize our business for assessing performance and making decisions regarding allocation of resources. For segment evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, segment operating income is defined as gross profit less SG&A expenses. Segment operating income excludes special charges, net. Corporate expenses are fully allocated to each operating segment. Corporate assets are not allocated to the operating segments. Inter-segment revenues are recorded at cost plus a markup for administrative costs. Operating results of each of these segments are regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and assess their performance.

The acquisition of Royal Adhesives during the fourth quarter of 2017 resulted in the addition of another reportable segment. As a result, we have six reportable segments for the year ended December 2, 2017: Americas Adhesives, EIMEA, Asia Pacific, Construction Products, Engineering Adhesives and Royal Adhesives.

The business components within each operating segment are managed to maximize the results of the overall operating segment rather than the results of any individual business component of the operating segment. Results of individual components of each operating segment are subject to numerous allocations of segment-wide costs that may or may not have been focused on that particular component for a particular reporting period. The costs for these allocated resources are not tracked on a “where-used” basis as financial performance is assessed at the total operating segment level.

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Reportable operating segment financial information for all periods presented is as follows:

	2017			2016		2015
Net revenue
Americas Adhesives	$	888,552		$	806,062	$	830,811
EIMEA		548,439			545,135		549,568
Asia Pacific		264,191			241,827		230,671
Construction Products		238,513			256,346		272,692
Engineering Adhesives		289,314			245,235		199,919
Royal Adhesives		77,034			-		-
Total	$	2,306,043		$	2,094,605	$	2,083,660
Inter-segment sales
Americas Adhesives	$	15,943		$	16,064	$	20,891
EIMEA		19,153			19,165		16,189
Asia Pacific		6,498			4,716		10,873
Segment operating income
Americas Adhesives	$	98,978		$	125,979	$	127,780
EIMEA		29,870			40,121		15,116
Asia Pacific		15,350			15,410		12,953
Construction Products		(1,120	)		3,265		13,766
Engineering Adhesives		20,453			17,390		870
Royal Adhesives		(37,391	)		-		-
Total	$	126,140		$	202,165	$	170,485
Depreciation and amortization
Americas Adhesives	$	21,171		$	18,979	$	19,892
EIMEA		19,845			21,441		19,965
Asia Pacific		8,135			7,484		6,930
Construction Products		16,316			14,977		15,321
Engineering Adhesives		15,088			14,804		12,782
Royal Adhesives		6,760			-		-
Total	$	87,315		$	77,685	$	74,890
Total assets1
Americas Adhesives	$	641,767		$	414,098
EIMEA		578,924			506,336
Asia Pacific		278,942			237,920
Construction Products		191,535			215,537
Engineering Adhesives		423,522			408,877
Royal Adhesives		1,935,128			-
Corporate		310,828			273,100
Total	$	4,360,646		$	2,055,868
Capital expenditures
Americas Adhesives	$	16,928		$	10,230
EIMEA		15,223			14,317
Asia Pacific		4,922			12,694
Construction Products		4,132			15,059
Engineering Adhesives		2,490			3,447
Royal Adhesives		3,033			-
Corporate		8,206			7,563
Total	$	54,934		$	63,310

¹ Segment assets include primarily inventory, accounts receivable, property, plant and equipment and other miscellaneous assets. Corporate assets include primarily corporate property, plant and equipment, deferred tax assets, certain investments and other assets.

Reconciliation of segment operating income to income from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments

	2017			2016			2015
Segment operating income	$	126,140		$	202,165		$	170,485
Special charges, net		-			168			(4,654	)
Other income (expense), net		(23,740	)		(7,549	)		(2,465	)
Interest expense		(43,701	)		(27,359	)		(25,021	)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and income from equity method investments	$	58,699		$	167,425		$	138,345

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Financial information about geographic areas

	Net Revenue
	2017		2016		2015
United States	$	969,346	$	869,919	$	891,436
China		302,009		257,779		226,335
Countries with more than 10 percent of total		1,271,355		1,127,698		1,117,771
All other countries with less than 10 percent of total		1,034,688		966,907		965,889
Total	$	2,306,043	$	2,094,605	$	2,083,660

	Property, Plant and Equipment, net
	2017		2016
United States	$	212,078	$	202,944
Germany		149,269		99,229
China		83,808		83,548
All other countries with less than 10 percent of total		225,039		129,554
Total	$	670,194	$	515,275

Note 16: Quarterly Data (unaudited)

	2017
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	Q1			Q2			Q3			Q4
Net revenue	$	503,323		$	561,651		$	562,869		$	678,200
Gross profit		138,996			146,038			150,400			167,736
Selling, general and administrative expenses		(112,915	)		(102,770	)		(110,219	)		(151,126	)
Income from continuing operations	$	14,831		$	25,864		$	25,139		$	(7,544	)
Basic Income per share	$	0.29		$	0.51		$	0.50		$	(0.15	)
Diluted Income per share	$	0.29		$	0.50		$	0.49		$	(0.15	)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding 1
Basic		50,243			50,496			50,384			50,356
Diluted		51,460			51,686			51,605			51,724

	2016
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	Q1			Q2			Q3			Q4
Net revenue	$	474,326		$	532,514		$	512,858		$	574,907
Gross profit		137,605			158,256			146,121			167,821
Selling, general and administrative expenses		(99,767	)		(103,684	)		(97,692	)		(106,495	)
Special charges, net		(413	)		(370	)		2,807			(1,856	)
Income from continuing operations	$	18,967		$	33,390		$	32,798		$	39,227
Basic Income per share	$	0.38		$	0.66		$	0.65		$	0.78
Diluted Income per share	$	0.37		$	0.65		$	0.64		$	0.76
Weighted-average common shares outstanding 1
Basic		49,958			50,145			50,261			50,180
Diluted		50,995			51,253			51,453			51,378

¹ Quarterly income per share amounts may not equal full year amounts due to rounding.

Note 17: Subsequent Event

Federal Income Tax Reform

On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law H.R. 1, originally known as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”, hereafter referred to as “U.S. Tax Reform”. The Company is in the process of determining the impact to the financial statements of all aspects of U.S. Tax Reform and will reflect the impact of such reform in the financial statements during the period in which such amounts can be reasonably estimated.  U.S. Tax Reform includes a number of provisions, including the lowering of the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent, effective January 1, 2018, which will result in a blended federal tax rate for fiscal year 2018.  There are also provisions that may partially offset the benefit of such rate reduction, such as the repeal of the deduction for domestic production activities.  U.S. Tax Reform also includes international provisions, which generally establish a territorial-style system for taxing foreign-source income of domestic multinational corporations.   Financial statement impacts will include adjustments for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets (liabilities) and the accrual for deemed repatriation tax on unremitted foreign earnings and profits.  The Company anticipates that the impact of U.S. Tax Reform may be material to the income tax expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income and related income tax balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flow.

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable.

Item 9A. Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, management conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”)). Based on its evaluation, our management concluded that, as of December 2, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective (1) to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) to ensure that information require to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to us, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management has concluded that the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016 and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended December 2, 2017 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.  Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.  

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013 Framework). As discussed in Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of the Form 10-K, we acquired Wisdom Adhesives in January 2017, Royal Adhesives in October 2017 and Adecol in November 2017. We have excluded from our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017, Wisdom Adhesives, Royal Adhesives and Adecol’s internal control over financial reporting associated with 50 percent of the total assets and seven percent of total revenue included in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 2, 2017.

Based on its assessment, management concluded that, as of December 2, 2017, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective. KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an auditors’ report on management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 2, 2017, which is included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information under the headings “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”, and “Corporate Governance - Audit Committee” contained in the company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 12, 2018 (the “2018 Proxy Statement”) is incorporated herein by reference.

The information contained at the end of Item 1. hereof under the heading “Executive Officers of the Registrant” is incorporated herein by reference.

Since the date of our 2017 Proxy Statement, there have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to our Board of Directors.

The company has a code of business conduct applicable to all of its directors and employees, including its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller and other employees performing similar functions. A copy of the code of business conduct is available under the Investor Relations section of the company’s website at www.hbfuller.com. The company intends to disclose on its website information with respect to any amendment to or waiver from a provision of its code of business conduct that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller and other employees performing similar functions within four business days following the date of such amendment or waiver.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information under the headings “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation” contained in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” contained in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

The information under the headings “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Corporate Governance - Director Independence” contained in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information under the heading “Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” contained in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)Documents filed as part of this report:

1.    Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Statements of Income for the fiscal years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015.

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 2, 2017 and December 3, 2016.

Consolidated Statements of Total Equity for the fiscal years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended December 2, 2017, December 3, 2016 and November 28, 2015.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

2.     Financial Statement Schedules

All financial statement schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.

3.    Exhibits

	Item	Incorporation by Reference
1.1	Underwriting Agreement, dated February 9, 2017, among H.B. Fuller Company and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as representatives of the several Underwriters set forth in Schedule A thereto]	Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 9, 2017.
2.1	Equity Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2014, by and among H.B. Fuller Singapore, Pte, Ltd., ZHAI Haichao, individually and as Sellers’ Representative, WANG Bing, LIN Xinsong, LI Yimbai and Beijing Gongchuang Mingtian Investment Advisory Co.	Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 2014.
2.2	Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 2, 2017, by and among H.B. Fuller Company, HBF Windsor Holding Co., ASP Royal Acquisition Corp., and ASP Royal Holdings LLC	Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 2, 2017.
3.1	Restated Articles of Incorporation of H.B. Fuller Company, as amended	Exhibit 3.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 2, 2006 and Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 12, 2016.
3.2	By-Laws of H.B. Fuller Company	Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 2, 2015.
4.1	Form of Certificate for common stock, par value $1.00 per share	Exhibit 4.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended November 28, 2009.
4.2	Note Purchase Agreement, dated December 16, 2009, among H.B. Fuller Company, as borrower, and various financial institutions, as amended	Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 16, 2009, and Exhibit 1.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 5, 2012 and Exhibit 1.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 31, 2014.
4.3	Note Purchase Agreement, dated March 5, 2012, by and among H.B. Fuller Company and the purchasers party thereto, as amended	Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 5, 2012 and Exhibit 1.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 31, 2014.
4.4	Indenture, dated February 14, 2017, between H.B. Fuller Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee.	Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 9, 2017.

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4.5	First Supplemental Indenture, dated February 14, 2017, between H.B. Fuller Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, relating to the 4.0000% Notes due 2027.	Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 9, 2017.
4.6	Amendment No. 1 to First Supplemental Indenture, dated February 14, 2017 betweenH.B. Fuller Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, relating to the 4.0000% Notes due 2027.
4.7	Form of Global Note representing the 4.000% Notes due 2027 (included in Exhibit 4.5).	Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 9, 2017.
10.1	Credit Agreement, dated October 31, 2014, by and among JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, U.S. Bank National Association, Citibank, N.A. and Morgan Stanley MUFG Loan Partners, LLC, as co-syndication agents, and various financial institutions	Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 31, 2014.
10.2	Credit Agreement dated as of April 12, 2017 among (i) H.B. Fuller Company, a Minnesota corporation, as Borrower, (ii) certain of its subsidiaries party thereto as Foreign Subsidiary Borrowers, (iii) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, (iv) U.S. Bank National Association, Citibank, N.A., and Morgan Stanley MUFG Loan Partners, LLC, as Co-Syndication Agents, (v) Bank of America, N.A., HSBC Bank USA, National Association, and PNC Bank, National Association, as Co-Documentation Agents, and (vi) various other financial institutions party thereto as Lenders, as amended	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 12, 2017, Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 29, 2017, and Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 2017.
10.3	Guaranty made as of April 12, 2017 by H.B. Fuller Construction Products Inc., a Minnesota corporation as Initial Guarantor, in favor of J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 12, 2017.
10.4	Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of October 20, 2017, by and among H.B. Fuller Company,  Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as administrative agent, and various other financial institutions party thereto as lenders	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 20, 2017.
10.5	Commitment Letter, dated as of September 2, 2017, by and among H.B. Fuller Company and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc.	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 2, 2017.
*10.6	Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 5, 2006.
*10.7	H.B. Fuller Company Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan II – 2008, as amended	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 19, 2007, Exhibit 10.5 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 2008 and Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 28, 2011.
*10.8	H.B. Fuller Company Executive Benefit Trust dated October 25, 1993 between H.B. Fuller Company and U.S. Bank, National Association, as Trustee, as amended, relating to the H.B. Fuller Company Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan	Exhibit 10(k) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 1997, Exhibit 10(k) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K405 for the year ended November 28, 1998, Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 19, 2007 and Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 30, 2009.
*10.9	H.B. Fuller Company Key Employee Deferred Compensation Plan (2005 Amendment and Restatement), as amended	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 2006, Exhibit 10.11 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 1, 2007 and Exhibit 10.8 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 2008.
*10.10	Form of Change in Control Agreement between H.B. Fuller Company and each of its executive officers	Exhibit 10.11 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 2008.
*10.11	Form of Severance Agreement between H.B. Fuller Company and each of its executive officers	Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2008.
*10.12	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for awards made between December 4, 2008 and December 2, 2009	Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 4, 2008.
*10.13	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for awards made on or after December 3, 2009	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 3, 2009.

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*10.14	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 20, 2011	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 20, 2011.
*10.15	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 26, 2012	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2012
*10.16	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Year 2000 Stock Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 24, 2013	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 24, 2013.
*10.17	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 23, 2014	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 23, 2014.
*10.18	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 23, 2014	Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 23, 2014.
*10.19	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Retirement Eligible Participants under the H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 23, 2014	Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 23, 2014.
*10.20	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for the Chief Executive Officer under the H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 23, 2014	Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 23, 2014.
*10.21	Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after January 19, 2016	Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 19, 2016.
*10.22	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after April 7, 2016	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2016.
*10.23	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after April 7, 2016	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2016.
*10.24	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for the CEO under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after April 7, 2016	Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2016.
*10.25	Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after April 7, 2016	Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2016.
*10.26	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan for awards made on or after April 7, 2016	Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2016.
*10.27	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 20, 2017.
*10.28	H.B. Fuller Company Defined Contribution Restoration Plan (As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2008), as amended	Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 19, 2007 and Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2008.
*10.29	H.B. Fuller Company Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan (2008 Amendment and Restatement), as amended	Exhibit 10.22 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 2008 and Exhibit 10.23 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 29, 2008.
*10.30	H.B. Fuller Company 2009 Director Stock Incentive Plan	Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 30, 2009.
*10.31	H.B. Fuller Management Short-Term Incentive – Executive Officers for fiscal year 2015 only	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 9, 2015.
*10.32	H.B. Fuller Company Management Short-Term Incentive Plan for Executive Officers	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 19, 2016.
*10.33	H.B. Fuller Company Management Short-Term Incentive Plan for Executive Officers (as revised on October 12, 2016)	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 12, 2016.

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*10.34	H.B. Fuller Company Management Short-Term Incentive Plan for Executive Officers	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2017.
*10.35	H.B. Fuller Company Management Long-Term Incentive Plan	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 19, 2016.
*10.36	Amended and Restated H.B. Fuller Company Annual and Long-Term Incentive Plan	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2008
*10.37	H.B. Fuller Company 2013 Master Incentive Plan	Annex B to the H.B. Fuller Company Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2013.
*10.38	H.B. Fuller Company 2016 Master Incentive Plan	Annex B to the H.B. Fuller Company Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 24, 2016.
*10.39	Employment Agreement between H.B. Fuller Benelux B.V. and P. Kivits fully executed on October 10, 2015	Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 4, 2017.
*10.40	Employment Agreement between H.B. Fuller Europe GmbH and Patrick M. Kivits fully executed on December 21, 2017

21		List of Subsidiaries
23		Consent of KPMG LLP
24		Power of Attorney
31.1		302 Certification – James J. Owens
31.2		302 Certification – John J. Corkrean
32.1		906 Certification – James J. Owens
32.2		906 Certification – John J. Corkrean
101		The following materials from the H.B. Fuller Company Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 2, 2017 formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Total Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
	*	Asterisked items are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements required to be filed.

(b) See Exhibit Index and Exhibits attached to this Form 10-K.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

H.B. FULLER COMPANY
	/s/ James J. Owens
	JAMES J. OWENS President and Chief Executive Officer

Dated: January 31, 2018

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Signature	Title
/s/ James J. Owens	President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
JAMES J. OWENS	(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ John J. Corkrean	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
JOHN J. CORKREAN	(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Robert J. Martsching	Vice President, Controller
ROBERT J. MARTSCHING	(Principal Accounting Officer)
*	Director
LEE R. MITAU
*	Director
THOMAS W. HANDLEY
*	Director
MARIA TERESA HILADO
*	Director
RUTH KIMMELSHUE
*	Director
J. MICHAEL LOSH
*	Director
DANTE C. PARRINI
*	Director
JOHN C. VAN RODEN, JR.
*	Director
R. WILLIAM VAN SANT.

* by /s/ Timothy J. Keenan

TIMOTHY J. KEENAN, Attorney in Fact

Dated: January 31, 2018

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