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Loans (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans
Loans were as follows:
September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Commercial and industrial$5,822,976 $5,967,182 
Energy:
Production846,434 681,568 
Service205,829 194,126 
Other17,455 61,043 
Total energy1,069,718 936,737 
Commercial real estate:
Commercial mortgages6,961,403 6,746,709 
Construction2,305,255 1,680,724 
Land513,862 555,211 
Total commercial real estate9,780,520 8,982,644 
Consumer real estate:
Home equity lines of credit864,702 792,876 
Home equity loans862,284 694,966 
Home improvement loans840,292 765,887 
Other355,599 206,997 
Total consumer real estate2,922,877 2,460,726 
Total real estate12,703,397 11,443,370 
Consumer and other458,772 476,962 
Total loans$20,054,863 $18,824,251 
Non-Accrual Loans, Segregated by Class of Loans
Non-accrual loans, segregated by class of loans, were as follows:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Total Non-AccrualNon-Accrual with No Credit Loss AllowanceTotal Non-AccrualNon-Accrual with No Credit Loss Allowance
Commercial and industrial$51,059 $9,461 $19,545 $5,391 
Energy8,165 5,463 11,500 7,398 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other38,908 19,206 22,420 4,983 
Construction— — — — 
Consumer real estate6,371 3,852 7,442 5,160 
Consumer and other374 — — — 
Total$104,877 $37,982 $60,907 $22,932 
Financing Receivable, Non-Accrual Loans, Segregated by Class of Loan and Year of Origination
The following table presents non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2024, by class and year of origination.
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial and industrial$22,756 $2,822 $4,335 $2,088 $494 $2,171 $730 $15,663 $51,059 
Energy4,086 — — — 56 1,321 2,702 — 8,165 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other328 18,867 10,911 3,242 1,248 1,594 2,718 — 38,908 
Construction— — — — — — — — — 
Consumer real estate— — — — 36 2,258 493 3,584 6,371 
Consumer and other— 374 — — — — — — 374 
Total$27,170 $22,063 $15,246 $5,330 $1,834 $7,344 $6,643 $19,247 $104,877 
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans, Segregated by Class of Loans
An age analysis of past due loans (including both accruing and non-accruing loans), segregated by class of loans, as of September 30, 2024, was as follows:
Loans
30-89 Days
Past Due		Loans
90 or More
Days
Past Due		Total
Past Due
Loans		Current
Loans		Total
Loans		Accruing
Loans 90 or
More Days
Past Due
Commercial and industrial$29,565 $27,860 $57,425 $5,765,551 $5,822,976 $4,084 
Energy1,600 4,079 5,679 1,064,039 1,069,718 — 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other77,260 28,878 106,138 7,369,127 7,475,265 46 
Construction1,400 131 1,531 2,303,724 2,305,255 131 
Consumer real estate13,421 9,706 23,127 2,899,750 2,922,877 3,695 
Consumer and other5,940 425 6,365 452,407 458,772 425 
Total$129,186 $71,079 $200,265 $19,854,598 $20,054,863 $8,381 
Modification to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The period-end balance of loan modifications, segregated by type of modification, to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are set forth in the table below, regardless of whether such modifications resulted in a new loan. There were $52.0 million in commitments to lend additional funds to these borrowers at September 30, 2024.
Payment
Delay		Percent of
Total Class
of Loans		Combination: Payment Delay and Term ExtensionPercent of
Total Class
of Loans		Combination: Interest Rate Reduction and Term ExtensionPercent of
Total Class
of Loans
September 30, 2024
Commercial and industrial$1,823 — %$46,925 0.8 %$— — %
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other2,061 — — — — — 
Construction— — — — — — 
Consumer real estate— — — — — — 
Consumer and other— — — — — — 
$3,884 — $46,925 0.2 $— — 
September 30, 2023
Commercial and industrial$— — %$15,912 0.3 %$— — %
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other— — 19,785 0.3 2,100 — 
$— — $35,697 0.2 $2,100 — 
Financing Receivables, Modified Loans Past Due in Excess of 90 Days or on Non-Accrual Status, Charge-offs and Proceeds From Sales at Period-End
Information as of September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, related to loans modified (by type of modification) in the preceding twelve months, respectively, whereby the borrower was experiencing financial difficulty at the time of modification is set forth in the following table.
September 30, 2024September 30, 2023
Payment
Delay		Combination: Payment Delay and Term ExtensionCombination: Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
Past due in excess of 90 days or on non-accrual status at period-end:
Commercial and industrial$1,823 $19,994 $— 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, and other2,061 — 2,100 
$3,884 $19,994 $2,100 
Weighted Average Risk Grades for All Commercial Loans by Class and Year of Origination The following table presents weighted-average risk grades for all commercial loans, by class and year of origination/renewal, as of September 30, 2024.
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotalW/A Risk Grade
Commercial and industrial
Risk grades 1-8$1,117,081 $608,162 $467,493 $297,464 $293,499 $291,128 $2,130,893 $40,570 $5,246,290 6.34 
Risk grade 917,309 13,000 92,050 11,848 4,481 10,212 106,701 5,102 260,703 9.00 
Risk grade 106,900 5,377 14,054 1,215 132 12,591 26,412 1,418 68,099 10.00 
Risk grade 1149,220 16,214 18,840 22,893 5,331 2,112 77,935 4,280 196,825 11.00 
Risk grade 1215,220 2,272 2,856 2,060 483 2,171 723 9,873 35,658 12.00 
Risk grade 137,536 550 1,479 28 11 — 7 5,790 15,401 13.00 
$1,213,266 $645,575 $596,772 $335,508 $303,937 $318,214 $2,342,671 $67,033 $5,822,976 6.71 
W/A risk grade6.93 6.99 7.49 7.20 5.70 6.07 6.42 8.89 6.71 
Energy
Risk grades 1-8$325,589 $23,800 $47,276 $43,113 $3,378 $4,499 $568,678 $5,783 $1,022,116 5.72 
Risk grade 9— 2,487 3,318 2,040 — 406 17,517 630 26,398 9.00 
Risk grade 10— — — 16 — — 3,000 — 3,016 10.00 
Risk grade 11— — 2,063 — 54 3,139 4,767 — 10,023 11.00 
Risk grade 124,086 — — — 56 1,321 2 — 5,465 12.00 
Risk grade 13— — — — — — 2,700 — 2,700 13.00 
$329,675 $26,287 $52,657 $45,169 $3,488 $9,365 $596,664 $6,413 $1,069,718 5.91 
W/A risk grade6.27 7.16 7.24 6.09 6.81 9.06 5.46 7.06 5.91 
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotalW/A Risk Grade
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, other
Risk grades 1-8$996,825 $1,382,808 $1,393,417 $1,075,231 $683,603 $1,022,727 $119,987 $90,009 $6,764,607 7.03 
Risk grade 918,021 17,294 127,554 48,332 11,198 41,484 10,560 65,540 339,983 9.00 
Risk grade 102,576 32,349 51,933 25,609 16,692 13,015 — 1,718 143,892 10.00 
Risk grade 1110,505 7,469 53,958 21,731 11,606 82,606 — — 187,875 11.00 
Risk grade 12328 14,717 10,911 3,020 1,126 1,594 2,437 — 34,133 12.00 
Risk grade 13— 4,150 — 222 122 — 281 — 4,775 13.00 
$1,028,255 $1,458,787 $1,637,773 $1,174,145 $724,347 $1,161,426 $133,265 $157,267 $7,475,265 7.31 
W/A risk grade7.21 7.34 7.43 7.40 7.13 7.16 7.24 7.61 7.31 
Construction
Risk grades 1-8$468,262 $543,840 $497,630 $53,892 $27,978 $711 $232,768 $161 $1,825,242 7.14 
Risk grade 990,353 — 93,883 176,903 — — 6,621 — 367,760 9.00 
Risk grade 1014,816 34,842 1,208 49,088 — — — — 99,954 10.00 
Risk grade 11— — 12,299 — — — — — 12,299 11.00 
Risk grade 12— — — — — — — — — 12.00 
Risk grade 13— — — — — — — — — 13.00 
$573,431 $578,682 $605,020 $279,883 $27,978 $711 $239,389 $161 $2,305,255 7.58 
W/A risk grade7.68 7.52 7.79 8.85 2.53 7.71 6.04 7.03 7.58 
Total commercial real estate$1,601,686 $2,037,469 $2,242,793 $1,454,028 $752,325 $1,162,137 $372,654 $157,428 $9,780,520 7.37 
W/A risk grade7.38 7.39 7.52 7.68 6.96 7.16 6.47 7.61 7.37 
Weighted Average Risk Grades for All Commercial Loans by Class
The following tables present weighted average risk grades for all commercial loans by class as of December 31, 2023. Refer to our 2023 Form 10-K for details of these loans by year of origination/renewal.
Commercial and IndustrialEnergyCommercial Real Estate - Buildings, Land and OtherCommercial Real Estate - ConstructionTotal Commercial Real Estate
W/A Risk GradeLoansW/A Risk GradeLoansW/A Risk GradeLoansW/A Risk GradeLoansW/A Risk GradeLoans
Risk grades 1-86.32 $5,507,878 5.73 $871,221 7.03 $6,895,358 7.27 $1,526,086 7.07 $8,421,444 
Risk grade 99.00 205,244 9.00 27,643 9.00 173,470 9.00 127,102 9.00 300,572 
Risk grade 1010.00 109,254 10.00 818 10.00 96,601 10.00 17,035 10.00 113,636 
Risk grade 1111.00 125,261 11.00 25,555 11.00 114,071 11.00 10,501 11.00 124,572 
Risk grade 1212.00 17,102 12.00 8,800 12.00 19,770 12.00 — 12.00 19,770 
Risk grade 1313.00 2,443 13.00 2,700 13.00 2,650 13.00 — 13.00 2,650 
Total6.60 $5,967,182 6.05 $936,737 7.20 $7,301,920 7.45 $1,680,724 7.24 $8,982,644 
Age analysis of Past Due Consumer Loans by Class and Year of Origination
Information about the payment status of consumer loans, segregated by portfolio segment and year of origination, as of September 30, 2024, was as follows:
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Consumer real estate:
Past due 30-89 days$110 $1,212 $1,695 $1,556 $286 $2,431 $5,982 $149 $13,421 
Past due 90 or more days— 50 704 519 324 2,641 1,667 3,801 9,706 
Total past due110 1,262 2,399 2,075 610 5,072 7,649 3,950 23,127 
Current loans510,521 562,979 398,297 255,966 152,220 166,586 844,925 8,256 2,899,750 
Total$510,631 $564,241 $400,696 $258,041 $152,830 $171,658 $852,574 $12,206 $2,922,877 
Consumer and other:
Past due 30-89 days$2,849 $527 $302 $75 $49 $26 $1,806 $306 $5,940 
Past due 90 or more days120 — 2 — — — 122 181 425 
Total past due2,969 527 304 75 49 26 1,928 487 6,365 
Current loans46,864 32,369 15,052 3,420 2,447 1,299 327,574 23,382 452,407 
Total$49,833 $32,896 $15,356 $3,495 $2,496 $1,325 $329,502 $23,869 $458,772 
Revolving Loans Converted to Term [Table Text Block]
Period-end balances for revolving loans that converted to term during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
Commercial and industrial$8,631 $13,144 $23,464 $18,246 
Energy67 3,451 695 4,050 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other49 — 67,932 5,635 
Construction19 — 162 — 
Consumer real estate1,155 709 2,770 1,630 
Consumer and other2,818 1,699 8,415 5,151 
Total$12,739 $19,003 $103,438 $34,712 
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss By Loan Class Calculated in Accordance With CECL Methodology
The following table presents details of the allowance for credit losses on loans segregated by loan portfolio segment as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
September 30, 2024Commercial
and
Industrial		EnergyCommercial
Real Estate		Consumer
Real Estate		Consumer
and Other		Total
Modeled expected credit losses$49,113 $3,653 $19,148 $16,247 $6,696 $94,857 
Q-Factor and other qualitative adjustments16,062 5,768 118,902 569 3,072 144,373 
Specific allocations15,401 2,700 4,775 836 187 23,899 
Total$80,576 $12,121 $142,825 $17,652 $9,955 $263,129 
December 31, 2023
Modeled expected credit losses$50,959 $7,838 $15,443 $12,364 $5,969 $92,573 
Q-Factor and other qualitative adjustments20,612 7,276 112,505 433 4,071 144,897 
Specific allocations
2,435 2,700 2,650 741 — 8,526 
Total$74,006 $17,814 $130,598 $13,538 $10,040 $245,996 
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment
The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.
Commercial
and
Industrial		EnergyCommercial
Real Estate		Consumer
Real Estate		Consumer
and Other		Total
Three months ended:
September 30, 2024
Beginning balance$78,554 $11,485 $140,020 $15,707 $10,541 $256,307 
Credit loss expense (benefit)4,697 146 2,791 3,838 4,990 16,462 
Charge-offs(3,907)— — (2,013)(8,007)(13,927)
Recoveries1,232 490 14 120 2,431 4,287 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(2,675)490 14 (1,893)(5,576)(9,640)
Ending balance$80,576 $12,121 $142,825 $17,652 $9,955 $263,129 
September 30, 2023
Beginning balance$75,166 $14,929 $120,926 $13,035 $9,563 $233,619 
Credit loss expense (benefit)(623)1,784 5,424 2,130 4,893 13,608 
Charge-offs(943)— (62)(170)(8,189)(9,364)
Recoveries707 353 204 44 3,064 4,372 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(236)353 142 (126)(5,125)(4,992)
Ending balance$74,307 $17,066 $126,492 $15,039 $9,331 $242,235 
Commercial
and
Industrial		EnergyCommercial
Real Estate		Consumer
Real Estate		Consumer
and Other		Total
Nine months ended:
September 30, 2024
Beginning balance$74,006 $17,814 $130,598 $13,538 $10,040 $245,996 
Credit loss expense (benefit)13,625 (6,668)12,304 7,819 16,768 43,848 
Charge-offs(10,333)(79)(122)(4,090)(24,624)(39,248)
Recoveries3,278 1,054 45 385 7,771 12,533 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(7,055)975 (77)(3,705)(16,853)(26,715)
Ending balance$80,576 $12,121 $142,825 $17,652 $9,955 $263,129 
September 30, 2023
Beginning balance$104,237 $18,062 $90,301 $8,004 $7,017 $227,621 
Credit loss expense (benefit)(18,903)(1,683)35,918 7,235 15,649 38,216 
Charge-offs(14,259)(518)(62)(1,500)(22,147)(38,486)
Recoveries3,232 1,205 335 1,300 8,812 14,884 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(11,027)687 273 (200)(13,335)(23,602)
Ending balance$74,307 $17,066 $126,492 $15,039 $9,331 $242,235 
Financing Receivable, Gross Charge-Offs By Year of Origination
The following table presents year-to-date gross charge-offs by year of origination as of September 30, 2024.
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial and industrial$5 $1,741 $755 $487 $402 $625 $5,252 $1,066 $10,333 
Energy— 79 — — — — — — 79 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other— — 122 — — — — — 122 
Construction— — — — — — — — — 
Consumer real estate— 407 315 253 — 558 2,490 67 4,090 
Consumer and other16,546 5,768 189 53 27 61 1,949 31 24,624 
Total$16,551 $7,995 $1,381 $793 $429 $1,244 $9,691 $1,164 $39,248 
Investment in Loans Related to Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment Disaggregated Based on Impairment Methodology
The following table presents loans that were evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and the related specific allocations, by loan portfolio segment, as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Loan
Balance		Specific AllocationsLoan
Balance		Specific Allocations
Commercial and industrial$50,127 $15,401 $18,670 $2,435 
Energy8,165 2,700 11,353 2,700 
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other35,654 4,272 21,373 2,650 
Construction2,061 503 — — 
Consumer real estate6,096 836 7,235 741 
Consumer and other374 187 — — 
Total$102,477 $23,899 $58,631 $8,526