Loans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Year-end loans, including leases net of unearned discounts, consisted of the following:


	2021		2020
Commercial and industrial	$	5,364,954	$	4,955,341
Energy:
Production	878,436		976,473
Service	105,901		116,825
Other	93,455		141,900
Total energy	1,077,792		1,235,198
Paycheck Protection Program	428,882		2,433,849
Commercial real estate:
Commercial mortgages	5,867,062		5,478,806
Construction	1,304,271		1,223,814
Land	405,277		317,847
Total commercial real estate	7,576,610		7,020,467
Consumer real estate:
Home equity loans	324,157		329,390
Home equity lines of credit	519,098		452,854
Other	567,535		548,530
Total consumer real estate	1,410,790		1,330,774
Total real estate	8,987,400		8,351,241
Consumer and other	477,369		505,680
Total loans	$	16,336,397	$	17,481,309

Activities in Related Party Loans

Activity in related party loans during 2021 is presented in the following table. Other changes were primarily related to changes in related-party status.


Balance outstanding at December 31, 2020	$	353,105
Principal additions	262,761
Principal payments	(196,634)
Other changes	(68,694)
Balance outstanding at December 31, 2021	$	350,538

Non-Accrual Loans, Segregated by Class of Loans

Year-end non-accrual loans, segregated by class of loans, were as follows:


	December 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
	Total Non-Accrual		Non-Accrual with No Credit Loss Allowance		Total Non-Accrual		Non-Accrual with No Credit Loss Allowance
Commercial and industrial	$	22,582	$	4,701	$	19,849	$	4,479
Energy	14,433		8,533		23,168		639
Paycheck Protection Program	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	15,297		13,817		15,737		14,116
Construction	948		—		1,684		1,684
Consumer real estate	440		138		993		993
Consumer and other	13		13		18		—
Total	$	53,713	$	27,202	$	61,449	$	21,911

Financing Receivable, Non-Accrual Loans, Segregated by Class of Loan and Year of Origination

The following tables present non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 by class and year of origination.


	December 31, 2021
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	636	$	3,856	$	5,047	$	1,820	$	765	$	353	$	4,635	$	5,470	$	22,582
Energy	—		—		5,358		1,325		—		—		6,931		819		14,433
Paycheck Protection Program	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	6,038		307		3,446		814		2,030		2,662		—		—		15,297
Construction	—		948		—		—		—		—		—		—		948
Consumer real estate	—		—		—		—		—		408		—		32		440
Consumer and other	13		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		13
Total	$	6,687	$	5,111	$	13,851	$	3,959	$	2,795	$	3,423	$	11,566	$	6,321	$	53,713


	December 31, 2020
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	9,479	$	3,351	$	1,846	$	1,489	$	105	$	29	$	839	$	2,711	$	19,849
Energy	2,421		6,772		2,144		—		—		359		11,193		279		23,168
Paycheck Protection Program	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	2,914		5,031		999		2,019		1,933		2,736		105		—		15,737
Construction	1,684		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,684
Consumer real estate	—		—		—		211		—		408		259		115		993
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		18		—		18
Total	$	16,498	$	15,154	$	4,989	$	3,719	$	2,038	$	3,532	$	12,414	$	3,105	$	61,449

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans, Segregated by Class of Loans

An age analysis of past due loans (including both accruing and non-accruing loans), segregated by class of loans, as of December 31, 2021 is presented in the following table. Despite their past due status, Paycheck Protection Plan loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA.


	Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans		Accruing Loans 90 or More Days Past Due
Commercial and industrial	$	34,096	$	12,364	$	46,460	$	5,318,494	$	5,364,954	$	7,802
Energy	1,451		7,867		9,318		1,068,474		1,077,792		215
Paycheck Protection Program	4,979		18,766		23,745		405,137		428,882		18,766
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	37,899		14,136		52,035		6,220,304		6,272,339		8,687
Construction	188		—		188		1,304,083		1,304,271		—
Consumer real estate	4,877		2,513		7,390		1,403,400		1,410,790		2,177
Consumer and other	4,185		1,076		5,261		472,108		477,369		1,076
Total	$	87,675	$	56,722	$	144,397	$	16,192,000	$	16,336,397	$	38,723

Troubled Debt Restructurings

Troubled debt restructurings that occurred during 2021, 2020 and 2019 are set forth in the following table.


	2021				2020				2019
	Balance at Restructure		Balance at Year-end		Balance at Restructure		Balance at Year-end		Balance at Restructure		Balance at Year-end
Commercial and industrial	$	1,312	$	1,162	$	3,661	$	192	$	3,845	$	2,161
Energy	3,817		721		2,432		2,421		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	1,888		1,862		9,310		4,922		9,457		9,393
Construction	—		—		1,017		1,017		—		—
Consumer real estate	—		—		—		—		124		120
Consumer and other	—		—		1,104		—		—		—
	$	7,017	$	3,745	$	17,524	$	8,552	$	13,426	$	11,674

Restructured Loans Past Due in Excess of 90 Days on Financing Receivables

Additional information related to restructured loans was as follows:


	2021		2020		2019
Restructured loans past due in excess of 90 days at period-end:
Number of loans	2		1		4
Dollar amount of loans	$	1,027	$	2,008	$	3,340
Restructured loans on non-accrual status at period end	3,439		8,552		5,576
Charge-offs of restructured loans:
Recognized in connection with restructuring	—		337		—
Recognized on previously restructured loans	4,278		3,894		1,500

Weighted Average Risk Grades for All Commercial Loans by Class and Year of Origination

The following tables present weighted-average risk grades for all commercial loans, by class and year of origination/renewal as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans are excluded as such loans are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”).


	December 31, 2021
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial
Risk grades 1-8	$	1,567,883	$	657,529	$	350,563	$	179,209	$	146,064	$	131,201	$	1,987,061	$	44,337	$	5,063,847
Risk grade 9	32,866		21,094		24,683		26,327		612		11,419		65,131		5,738		187,870
Risk grade 10	27,961		6,273		4,047		4,357		1,021		98		14,091		1,289		59,137
Risk grade 11	1,178		4,572		8,068		2,450		2,460		221		4,714		7,855		31,518
Risk grade 12	456		2,495		3,828		1,756		347		353		613		2,687		12,535
Risk grade 13	180		1,361		1,219		64		418		—		4,022		2,783		10,047
	$	1,630,524	$	693,324	$	392,408	$	214,163	$	150,922	$	143,292	$	2,075,632	$	64,689	$	5,364,954
W/A risk grade	5.91		6.30		6.89		7.06		5.91		5.80		6.21		8.04		6.22
Energy
Risk grades 1-8	$	445,489	$	8,075	$	9,259	$	6,441	$	3,110	$	4,368	$	464,454	$	67,174	$	1,008,370
Risk grade 9	19,274		611		1,775		187		—		724		11,635		2,416		36,622
Risk grade 10	—		101		631		511		—		—		—		530		1,773
Risk grade 11	10,260		752		3,968		1,016		—		546		—		52		16,594
Risk grade 12	—		—		3,888		246		—		—		4,000		819		8,953
Risk grade 13	—		—		1,470		1,079		—		—		2,931		—		5,480
	$	475,023	$	9,539	$	20,991	$	9,480	$	3,110	$	5,638	$	483,020	$	70,991	$	1,077,792
W/A risk grade	6.21		7.81		9.34		8.60		7.12		7.63		5.61		6.46		6.06
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, other
Risk grades 1-8	$	1,707,550	$	1,096,274	$	874,130	$	533,362	$	492,492	$	713,268	$	52,150	$	105,696	$	5,574,922
Risk grade 9	16,302		145,340		52,427		43,806		27,188		27,767		4,445		4,258		321,533
Risk grade 10	28,209		13,813		69,643		46,250		64,950		46,582		—		—		269,447
Risk grade 11	3,455		1,321		8,720		7,788		26,107		34,970		3,000		5,779		91,140
Risk grade 12	5,838		307		3,446		814		2,030		2,662		—		—		15,097
Risk grade 13	200		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		200
	$	1,761,554	$	1,257,055	$	1,008,366	$	632,020	$	612,767	$	825,249	$	59,595	$	115,733	$	6,272,339
W/A risk grade	7.19		7.18		7.35		7.39		7.34		7.01		7.06		7.02		7.22
Construction
Risk grades 1-8	$	657,471	$	262,176	$	178,226	$	2,339	$	38	$	1,930	$	160,020	$	—	$	1,262,200
Risk grade 9	35,721		4,956		—		—		446		—		—		—		41,123
Risk grade 10	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Risk grade 11	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Risk grade 12	—		748		—		—		—		—		—		—		748
Risk grade 13	—		200		—		—		—		—		—		—		200
	$	693,192	$	268,080	$	178,226	$	2,339	$	484	$	1,930	$	160,020	$	—	$	1,304,271
W/A risk grade	7.17		6.56		7.60		7.51		8.92		6.73		6.79		—		7.06
Total commercial real estate	$	2,454,746	$	1,525,135	$	1,186,592	$	634,359	$	613,251	$	827,179	$	219,615	$	115,733	$	7,576,610
W/A risk grade	7.18		7.07		7.39		7.39		7.34		7.00		6.86		7.02		7.19


	December 31, 2020
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial
Risk grades 1-8	$	1,300,844	$	552,885	$	290,088	$	226,232	$	107,063	$	113,458	$	1,852,341	$	63,210	$	4,506,121
Risk grade 9	50,785		37,865		33,961		20,851		12,348		5,510		85,756		9,122		256,198
Risk grade 10	31,333		7,361		11,379		6,749		710		113		65,180		3,152		125,977
Risk grade 11	4,700		7,002		6,551		3,416		1,426		140		15,005		8,956		47,196
Risk grade 12	6,899		2,399		1,195		1,005		105		29		480		2,416		14,528
Risk grade 13	2,580		952		651		484		—		—		359		295		5,321
	$	1,397,141	$	608,464	$	343,825	$	258,737	$	121,652	$	119,250	$	2,019,121	$	87,151	$	4,955,341
W/A risk grade	6.19		6.88		7.22		6.39		6.32		5.84		6.38		7.51		6.45
Energy
Risk grades 1-8	$	403,156	$	18,911	$	9,759	$	8,083	$	1,415	$	4,326	$	494,946	$	27,548	$	968,144
Risk grade 9	105,772		2,272		1,743		—		—		—		18,194		5,566		133,547
Risk grade 10	703		4,049		1,339		—		759		—		37,637		1,940		46,427
Risk grade 11	12,218		16,849		1,325		—		—		661		30,124		2,735		63,912
Risk grade 12	1,101		4,580		654		—		—		359		6,768		279		13,741
Risk grade 13	1,320		2,192		1,490		—		—		—		4,425		—		9,427
	$	524,270	$	48,853	$	16,310	$	8,083	$	2,174	$	5,346	$	592,094	$	38,068	$	1,235,198
W/A risk grade	6.86		9.57		8.68		7.40		7.85		8.06		6.45		8.20		6.85
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land, other
Risk grades 1-8	$	1,544,558	$	947,102	$	749,879	$	605,152	$	432,941	$	661,301	$	56,600	$	50,340	$	5,047,873
Risk grade 9	45,527		81,224		75,893		45,485		26,745		37,728		10,521		2,104		325,227
Risk grade 10	14,183		36,414		45,014		71,814		25,343		60,225		200		5,261		258,454
Risk grade 11	22,633		16,302		11,916		39,727		8,655		42,904		6,977		248		149,362
Risk grade 12	2,714		5,031		999		2,019		1,683		2,736		42		—		15,224
Risk grade 13	200		—		—		—		250		—		63		—		513
	$	1,629,815	$	1,086,073	$	883,701	$	764,197	$	495,617	$	804,894	$	74,403	$	57,953	$	5,796,653
W/A risk grade	7.13		7.36		7.54		7.55		7.54		7.20		7.54		7.12		7.34
Construction
Risk grades 1-8	$	374,661	$	436,077	$	168,517	$	67	$	1,144	$	1,758	$	127,801	$	—	$	1,110,025
Risk grade 9	37,430		16,567		—		2,848		—		—		14,311		1,131		72,287
Risk grade 10	5,846		—		27,653		—		—		—		5,463		—		38,962
Risk grade 11	856		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		856
Risk grade 12	1,684		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,684
Risk grade 13	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	$	420,477	$	452,644	$	196,170	$	2,915	$	1,144	$	1,758	$	147,575	$	1,131	$	1,223,814
W/A risk grade	6.82		7.18		8.08		8.95		7.30		6.44		7.29		9.00		7.22
Total commercial real estate	$	2,050,292	$	1,538,717	$	1,079,871	$	767,112	$	496,761	$	806,652	$	221,978	$	59,084	$	7,020,467
W/A risk grade	7.06		7.31		7.64		7.56		7.54		7.20		7.37		7.15		7.32

Age analysis of Past Due Consumer Loans by Class and Year of Origination

Information about the payment status of consumer loans, segregated by portfolio segment and year of origination, as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was as follows:


	December 31, 2021
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Consumer real estate:
Past due 30-89 days	$	280	$	204	$	406	$	489	$	296	$	1,344	$	126	$	1,732	$	4,877
Past due 90 or more days	—		—		—		154		355		828		991		185		2,513
Total past due	280		204		406		643		651		2,172		1,117		1,917		7,390
Current loans	319,042		251,160		95,900		55,893		48,841		116,423		505,333		10,808		1,403,400
Total	$	319,322	$	251,364	$	96,306	$	56,536	$	49,492	$	118,595	$	506,450	$	12,725	$	1,410,790
Consumer and other:
Past due 30-89 days	$	1,600	$	91	$	120	$	38	$	51	$	17	$	325	$	1,943	$	4,185
Past due 90 or more days	548		—		45		—		—		—		34		449		1,076
Total past due	2,148		91		165		38		51		17		359		2,392		5,261
Current loans	46,708		17,843		6,215		2,684		1,708		1,158		371,866		23,926		472,108
Total	$	48,856	$	17,934	$	6,380	$	2,722	$	1,759	$	1,175	$	372,225	$	26,318	$	477,369


	December 31, 2020
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Consumer real estate:
Past due 30-89 days	$	225	$	1,038	$	1,556	$	553	$	628	$	2,907	$	652	$	531	$	8,090
Past due 90 or more days	15		139		109		706		25		1,287		615		151		3,047
Total past due	240		1,177		1,665		1,259		653		4,194		1,267		682		11,137
Current loans	336,441		166,323		94,374		80,625		66,241		124,590		434,939		16,104		1,319,637
Total	$	336,681	$	167,500	$	96,039	$	81,884	$	66,894	$	128,784	$	436,206	$	16,786	$	1,330,774
Consumer and other:
Past due 30-89 days	$	1,750	$	300	$	453	$	52	$	17	$	—	$	2,238	$	727	$	5,537
Past due 90 or more days	71		10		118		—		—		—		1,031		21		1,251
Total past due	1,821		310		571		52		17		—		3,269		748		6,788
Current loans	45,286		27,813		5,397		2,799		1,705		572		386,791		28,529		498,892
Total	$	47,107	$	28,123	$	5,968	$	2,851	$	1,722	$	572	$	390,060	$	29,277	$	505,680

Financing Receivable Revolving Loans Converted to Term

Revolving loans that converted to term during 2021 and 2020 were as follows:


	2021		2020
Commercial and industrial	$	40,099	$	47,562
Energy	54,996		33,150
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	68,337		10,505
Construction	—		1,131
Consumer real estate	1,156		2,264
Consumer and other	8,367		16,395
Total	$	172,955	$	111,007

Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss By Loan Class Calculated in Accordance With CECL Methodology

The following table presents details of the allowance for credit losses on loans segregated by loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, calculated in accordance with the CECL methodology described above. No allowance for credit losses has been recognized for PPP loans as such loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA.


	Commercial and Industrial		Energy		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer Real Estate		Consumer and Other		Total
December 31, 2021
Modeled expected credit losses	$	46,946	$	6,363	$	16,676	$	6,484	$	6,397	$	82,866
Q-Factor and other qualitative adjustments	14,609		5,374		127,860		65		1,440		149,348
Specific allocations	10,536		5,480		400		36		—		16,452
Total	$	72,091	$	17,217	$	144,936	$	6,585	$	7,837	$	248,666
December 31, 2020
Modeled expected credit losses	$	65,645	$	8,910	$	125,126	$	7,926	$	6,945	$	214,552
Q-Factor and other qualitative adjustments	2,877		21,216		9,253		—		—		33,346
Specific allocations	5,321		9,427		513		—		18		15,279
Total	$	73,843	$	39,553	$	134,892	$	7,926	$	6,963	$	263,177

Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment

The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by portfolio segment for 2021, 2020 and 2019. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. No allowance for credit losses has been recognized for PPP loans as such loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA.


	Commercial and Industrial		Energy		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer Real Estate		Consumer and Other		Total
2021
Beginning balance	$	73,843	$	39,553	$	134,892	$	7,926	$	6,963	$	263,177
Credit loss (expense) benefit	(2,160)		(19,207)		8,101		(3,061)		10,230		(6,097)
Charge-offs	(5,513)		(5,331)		(399)		(829)		(18,614)		(30,686)
Recoveries	5,921		2,202		2,342		2,549		9,258		22,272
Net (charge-offs) recoveries	408		(3,129)		1,943		1,720		(9,356)		(8,414)
Ending balance	$	72,091	$	17,217	$	144,936	$	6,585	$	7,837	$	248,666
2020
Beginning balance	$	51,593	$	37,382	$	31,037	$	4,113	$	8,042	$	132,167
Impacting of adopting ASC 326	21,263		(10,453)		(13,519)		2,392		(2,248)		(2,565)
Credit loss (expense) benefit	15,156		85,889		124,427		1,906		9,632		237,010
Charge-offs	(18,908)		(76,107)		(7,499)		(2,186)		(17,830)		(122,530)
Recoveries	4,739		2,842		446		1,701		9,367		19,095
Net (charge-offs) recoveries	(14,169)		(73,265)		(7,053)		(485)		(8,463)		(103,435)
Ending balance	$	73,843	$	39,553	$	134,892	$	7,926	$	6,963	$	263,177
2019
Beginning balance	$	48,580	$	29,052	$	38,777	$	6,103	$	9,620	$	132,132
Credit loss (expense) benefit	13,144		14,388		(6,934)		467		12,694		33,759
Charge-offs	(14,117)		(7,500)		(1,025)		(3,665)		(24,725)		(51,032)
Recoveries	3,986		1,442		219		1,208		10,453		17,308
Net (charge-offs) recoveries	(10,131)		(6,058)		(806)		(2,457)		(14,272)		(33,724)
Ending balance	$	51,593	$	37,382	$	31,037	$	4,113	$	8,042	$	132,167

Investment in Loans Related to the Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment Disaggregated Based on Impairment Methodology

The following table presents loans that were evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and the related specific allocations, by loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.


	December 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
	Loan Balance		Specific Allocations		Loan Balance		Specific Allocations
Commercial and industrial	$	24,523	$	10,536	$	21,287	$	5,321
Energy	16,393		5,480		22,888		9,427
Paycheck Protection Program	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Buildings, land and other	24,670		200		34,057		513
Construction	948		200		1,684		—
Consumer real estate	303		36		561		—
Consumer and other	—		—		18		18
Total	$	66,837	$	16,452	$	80,495	$	15,279