Securities

A summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities, excluding trading securities, is presented below.



	September 30, 2013								December 31, 2012
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Held to Maturity
U.S. Treasury	$	248,488	$	22,039	$	—	$	270,527	$	248,188	$	29,859	$	—	$	278,047
Residential mortgage-backed securities	9,868		101		57		9,912		10,725		300		—		11,025
States and political subdivisions	2,896,790		8,130		133,446		2,771,474		2,696,468		15,397		4,993		2,706,872
Other	1,000		—		1		999		1,000		—		—		1,000
Total	$	3,156,146	$	30,270	$	133,504	$	3,052,912	$	2,956,381	$	45,556	$	4,993	$	2,996,944
Available for Sale
U.S. Treasury	$	2,521,612	$	22,449	$	—	$	2,544,061	$	3,020,115	$	37,806	$	—	$	3,057,921
Residential mortgage-backed securities	1,828,500		78,336		1,026		1,905,810		2,382,514		135,514		25		2,518,003
States and political subdivisions	1,066,966		22,151		5,105		1,084,012		552,056		39,427		—		591,483
Other	35,908		—		—		35,908		35,892		—		—		35,892
Total	$	5,452,986	$	122,936	$	6,131	$	5,569,791	$	5,990,577	$	212,747	$	25	$	6,203,299

All mortgage-backed securities included in the above table were issued by U.S. government agencies and corporations. At September 30, 2013, approximately 96.1% of the securities in the Corporation’s municipal bond portfolio were issued by political subdivisions or agencies within the State of Texas, of which approximately 76.4% are either guaranteed by the Texas Permanent School Fund, which has a “triple A” insurer financial strength, or secured by U.S. Treasury securities via defeasance of the debt by the issuers. Securities with limited marketability, such as stock in the Federal Reserve Bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank, are carried at cost and are reported as other available for sale securities in the above table. The carrying value of securities pledged to secure public funds, trust deposits, repurchase agreements and for other purposes, as required or permitted by law was $2.5 billion at September 30, 2013 and $2.7 billion and December 31, 2012.

During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Corporation reclassified certain securities from available for sale to held to maturity. The securities had an aggregate fair value of $2.3 billion with an aggregate net unrealized gain of $165.7 million ($107.7 million, net of tax) on the date of the transfer. The net unamortized, unrealized gain on the transferred securities included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying balance sheet as of September 30, 2013 totaled $138.8 million ($90.2 million, net of tax). This amount will be amortized out of accumulated other comprehensive income over the remaining life of the underlying securities as an adjustment of the yield on those securities.

As of September 30, 2013, securities, with unrealized losses segregated by length of impairment, were as follows:



	Less than 12 Months				More than 12 Months				Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities	$	7,063	$	57	$	—	$	—	$	7,063	$	57
States and political subdivisions	2,342,235		133,446		—		—		2,342,235		133,446
Other	999		1		—		—		999		1
Total	$	2,350,297	$	133,504	$	—	$	—	$	2,350,297	$	133,504
Available for Sale
Residential mortgage-backed securities	$	18,244	$	1,025	$	46	$	1	$	18,290	$	1,026
States and political subdivisions	340,154		5,105		—		—		340,154		5,105
Total	$	358,398	$	6,130	$	46	$	1	$	358,444	$	6,131

Declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses. The amount of the impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (iii) the intent and ability of the Corporation to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in cost.

Management has the ability and intent to hold the securities classified as held to maturity in the table above until they mature, at which time the Corporation will receive full value for the securities. Furthermore, as of September 30, 2013, management does not have the intent to sell any of the securities classified as available for sale in the table above and believes that it is more likely than not that the Corporation will not have to sell any such securities before a recovery of cost. Any unrealized losses are largely due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying securities were purchased. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date or repricing date or if market yields for such investments decline. Management does not believe any of the securities are impaired due to reasons of credit quality. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2013, management believes the impairments detailed in the table above are temporary and no impairment loss has been realized in the Corporation’s consolidated income statement.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities, excluding trading securities, at September 30, 2013 are presented below by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Residential mortgage-backed securities and equity securities are shown separately since they are not due at a single maturity date.



	Held to Maturity				Available for Sale
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	30,674	$	31,223	$	1,014,141	$	1,015,777
Due after one year through five years	381,844		409,840		1,573,827		1,597,207
Due after five years through ten years	178,783		175,708		669,101		670,434
Due after ten years	2,554,977		2,426,229		331,509		344,655
Residential mortgage-backed securities	9,868		9,912		1,828,500		1,905,810
Equity securities	—		—		35,908		35,908
Total	$	3,156,146	$	3,052,912	$	5,452,986	$	5,569,791

Sales of securities available for sale were as follows:



	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2013			2012		2013			2012
Proceeds from sales	$	1,474		$	—	$	8,497,061		$	15,987,480
Gross realized gains	—			—		11			2,508
Gross realized losses	(14		)	—		(14		)	(2,629		)
Tax (expense) benefit of securities gains/losses	5			—		1			42

Trading account securities, at estimated fair value, were as follows:



	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
U.S. Treasury	$	15,289	$	14,038
States and political subdivisions	—		16,036
Total	$	15,289	$	30,074

Net gains and losses on trading account securities were as follows:



	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2013			2012		2013			2012
Net gain on sales transactions	$	108		$	310	$	684		$	932
Net mark-to-market gains (losses)	(29		)	22		(409		)	(57		)
Net gain (loss) on trading account securities	$	79		$	332	$	275		$	875