Recent Accounting Standards Updates

The following provides information about recent Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU” or “Update”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) that are relevant to the operations of the Company.

Updates effective in 2017

Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, which provides that a statement of cash flows explain the change in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents during the period. The effective date for this Update is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, however early adoption is permitted.

We adopted the amendments provided in ASU 2016-18 in the period ended December 31, 2016 to provide financial statement users with more transparent disclosure about restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Upon adoption, the amendments provided in this Update are applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The following table provides details of the impact the amendments in this Update had on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
(In millions)	As Previously Reported			Impact of Adoption			As Currently Reported
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	(10.1	)	$	—		$	(10.1	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of NABCO		3.9			(3.9	)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(1.4	)		(3.9	)		(5.3	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net cash provided by financing activities		12.6			—			12.6
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents		0.2			—			0.2
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents		1.3			(3.9	)		(2.6	)
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of period		35.8			7.5			43.3
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, end of period	$	37.1		$	3.6		$	40.7

Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including their income tax consequences, and provides an option to recognize gross share-based compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications in the statement of cash flows.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 effective January 1, 2017, which requires prospective recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies resulting from the vesting or exercise of share-based compensation awards as a discrete income tax adjustment in the statement of operations. Under previous accounting guidance, these amounts were recognized in additional paid-in capital. Additionally, ASU 2016-09 requires that excess tax benefits from share-based compensation awards be reported under operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The Company had no applicable net excess tax benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2017. In addition, ASU 2016-09 requires excess tax benefits and deficiencies to be prospectively excluded from the assumed future proceeds in the calculation of diluted shares. As of March 31, 2017, all of the Company’s outstanding share-based compensation awards are antidilutive and excluded from the calculation of loss per share. As such, the adoption of ASU 2016-09 had no impact on diluted weighted average shares outstanding and loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

ASU 2016-09 also requires that cash paid for employee payroll tax withholding liabilities associated with the vesting or exercise of share-based compensation awards be reported under financing activities in the statement of cash flows on a retrospective basis. There were no payments made for employee payroll tax withholding liabilities associated with share-based compensation awards in the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and there was no impact to the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

The Company has elected to continue to estimate the number of share-based awards expected to vest, as permitted by ASU 2016-09, rather than electing to account for forfeitures as they occur.

Intangibles—Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, which simplifies subsequent measurements of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity was required to perform procedures to determine the fair value at the impairment testing date of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. The amendments in this Update provide that an entity perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

We early adopted the amendments provided for in this Update effective January 1, 2017. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is expected to reduce the cost and complexity of our interim, if any, and annual impairment analyses and provides financial statement users with more clarity about the Company’s goodwill balances and disclosures. Upon adoption, the amendments provided in this Update are applied prospectively to each interim or annual impairment test after the date of adoption. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant effect on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Updates not yet effective

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, which was the result of a joint project by the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The issuance of a comprehensive and converged standard on revenue recognition is expected to enable financial statement users to better understand and consistently analyze an entity’s revenue across industries, transactions and geographies. This Update will require additional disclosures to help financial statement users better understand the nature, amount, timing, and potential uncertainty of the revenue that is recognized. This Update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, following issuance of ASU 2015-14, which deferred the effective date one year.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which clarifies two aspects of Topic 606, identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Before an entity can identify its performance obligations in a contract with a customer, the entity first identifies the promised goods or services in the contract. This Update is intended to clarify the operability and understandability of the licensing implementation guidance and will be effective for the Company in conjunction with the effective date of ASU 2014-09.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which provides clarification to Topic 606 on how to assess collectability, present sales tax, treat noncash consideration, and account for completed and modified contracts at the time of transition. In addition, this Update clarifies that an entity retrospectively applying the guidance in Topic 606 is not required to disclose the effect of the accounting change in the period of adoption. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirements of ASU 2014-09.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, which clarifies the scope of Subtopic 610-20, Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets, and to add guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. Subtopic 610-20, which was issued in May 2014 as a part of ASU. 2014-09, provides guidance for recognizing gains and losses from the transfer of nonfinancial assets in contracts with noncustomers. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirements of ASU 2014-09.

We have formed a task force to understand and implement the new revenue recognition standard. The task force is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. We expect to adopt this standard using the modified retrospective approach and anticipate that the adoption will result in an increase to the revenue disclosures in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, which generally requires companies to recognize operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Derivatives and Hedging: Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-06, which clarifies what steps are required when assessing whether the economic characteristics and risks of call or put options are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of their debt hosts, which is one of the criteria for bifurcating an embedded derivative. Consequently, when an option is contingently exercisable, an entity does not have to assess whether the event that triggers the ability to exercise the option is related to interest rates or credit risks. The amendments provided for in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, which provides, among other things, that distributions received from equity method investees be classified using one of two possible methods, a cumulative earnings approach or a nature of distribution approach. This Update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Under the current implementation guidance in Topic 805, there are three elements of a business—inputs, processes, and outputs. While an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) that is a business usually has outputs, outputs are not required to be present. In addition, all the inputs and processes that a seller uses in operating a set are not required if market participants can acquire the set and continue to produce outputs, for example, by integrating the acquired set with their own inputs and processes.

The amendments in this Update provide a screen to determine when a set is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated.

If the screen is not met, the amendments in this Update (1) require that to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and (2) remove the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. The amendments in this Update provide a framework to assist entities in evaluating whether both an input and a substantive process are present. The framework includes two sets of criteria to consider that depend on whether a set has outputs. Although outputs are not required for a set to be a business, outputs generally are a key element of a business; therefore, the FASB has developed more stringent criteria for sets without outputs.

Lastly, the amendments in this Update narrow the definition of the term output so that the term is consistent with how outputs are described in Topic 606.

This Update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Compensation—Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, which provides that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost as defined in paragraphs 715-30-35-4 and 715-60-35-9 are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. If a separate line item or items are used to present the other components of net benefit cost, that line item or items must be appropriately described. If a separate line item or items are not used, the line item or items used in the income statement to present the other components of net benefit cost must be disclosed. The amendments in this Update also allow only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable (for example, as a cost of internally manufactured inventory or a self-constructed asset).

This Update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, however early adoption is permitted in the first interim period of any fiscal year presented. The amendments in this Update should be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost in the income statement and prospectively, on and after the effective date, for the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit in assets. The amendments allow a practical expedient that permits an employer to use the amounts disclosed in its pension and other postretirement benefit plan note for the prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements. Disclosure that the practical expedient was used is required on a retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.