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Finance Receivables (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Financing Receivables [Line Items]  
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Table Text Block]
Total finance receivables, net at December 31 were as follows (in millions):
20192020
Consumer
Retail installment contracts, gross$68,998 $73,726 
Finance leases, gross8,566 8,431 
Retail financing, gross77,564 82,157 
Unearned interest supplements from Ford and affiliated companies(3,589)(3,987)
   Consumer finance receivables 73,975 78,170 
Non-Consumer
Dealer financing (a)38,910 26,517 
Other financing (b)1,945 1,688 
Non-Consumer finance receivables 40,855 28,205 
Total recorded investment (c)$114,830 $106,375 
Recorded investment in finance receivables$114,830 $106,375 
Allowance for credit losses(513)(1,305)
Total finance receivables, net$114,317 $105,070 
Net finance receivables subject to fair value (d)$106,131 $97,043 
Fair value 106,260 98,630 
__________
(a)Includes $4.1 billion and $5.1 billion at December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively, of receivables generated by divisions and affiliates of Ford in connection with vehicle inventories released from Ford and in transit to the destination dealers. Interest earned from Ford and affiliated companies associated with receivables from gate-released vehicles in transit to dealers for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 was $261 million, $229 million, and $137 million, respectively. Balances at December 31, 2019 and 2020, also include $844 million and $515 million, respectively, of dealer financing receivables with entities (primarily dealers) that are reported as consolidated subsidiaries of Ford. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, the interest earned on receivables from consolidated subsidiaries of Ford to which we provide dealer financing was $8 million, $10 million, and $13 million, respectively. Consolidated subsidiaries of Ford include dealerships that are owned and consolidated by Ford.
(b)Represents other financing receivables with Ford and entities (primarily dealers) that are reported as consolidated subsidiaries of Ford, which includes amounts associated with purchased receivables and receivables associated with the financing of vehicles that Ford leases to employees. Interest earned from Ford and affiliated companies associated with these other financing receivables totaled $84 million, $96 million, and $88 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
(c)Earned interest supplements on consumer and non-consumer receivables from Ford and affiliated companies totaled $2.4 billion, $2.5 billion, and $2.4 billion for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Cash received from interest supplements totaled $2.7 billion, $2.6 billion, and $2.8 billion for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
(d)Net finance receivables subject to fair value exclude finance leases.
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss
An analysis of the allowance for credit losses related to finance receivables for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions):
2019 (a)2020
ConsumerNon-ConsumerTotalConsumerNon-ConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$566 $23 $589 $496 $17 $513 
Adoption of ASU 2016-13 (b)— — — 247 5 252 
Charge-offs (527)(22)(549)(441)(29)(470)
Recoveries168 10 178 161 8 169 
Provision for credit losses291 5 296 771 57 828 
Other (c)(2)1 (1)11 2 13 
Ending balance$496 $17 $513 $1,245 $60 $1,305 

__________
(a)The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standard in effect during 2019.
(b)Cumulative pre-tax adjustments recorded to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020. See Note 2 for additional information.
(c)Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments.
Financing Receivable, Past Due
The credit quality analysis of consumer receivables at December 31, 2019 was as follows (in millions):
Consumer
31-60 days past due$839 
61-120 days past due166 
Greater than 120 days past due35 
Total past due1,040 
Current72,935 
Total$73,975 

The credit quality analysis of consumer receivables at December 31, 2020 was as follows (in millions):
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Prior to 201620162017201820192020Total
Consumer
31-60 days past due$45 $62 $103 $162 $166 $143 $681 
61-120 days past due7 12 24 44 45 31 163 
Greater than 120 days past due11 6 7 8 7 2 41 
Total past due63 80 134 214 218 176 885 
Current782 2,519 6,656 13,725 20,856 32,747 77,285 
Total$845 $2,599 $6,790 $13,939 $21,074 $32,923 $78,170 
Sales-type and Direct Financing Leases, Lease Receivable, Maturity
The amounts contractually due on finance leases at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in millions):

Finance Lease Receivables
20212022202320242025Total
Contractual maturity$1,978 $1,751 $1,348 $555 $55 $5,687 
Less: Present value discount251 
   Total finance lease receivables $5,436 

The reconciliation from finance lease receivables to finance leases, gross and finance leases, net at December 31 is as follows (in millions):
20192020
Finance lease receivables$5,651 $5,436 
Unguaranteed residual assets2,795 2,893 
Initial direct costs120 102 
   Finance leases, gross8,566 8,431 
Unearned interest supplements from Ford and affiliated companies(363)(337)
Allowance for credit losses(17)(67)
   Finance leases, net$8,186 $8,027 
Non-Consumer Segment [Member]  
Financing Receivables [Line Items]  
Schedule of Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators [Table Text Block]
The credit quality analysis of dealer financing receivables at December 31, 2019 was as follows (in millions):
Dealer financing
Group I$31,206 
Group II5,407 
Group III2,108 
Group IV189 
   Total (a)$38,910 
__________
(a)Total past due dealer financing receivables at December 31, 2019 were $62 million. 

The credit quality analysis of dealer financing receivables at December 31, 2020 was as follows (in millions):
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Dealer Loans
Prior to 201620162017201820192020TotalWholesale LoansTotal
Group I$503 $129 $110 $188 $70 $248 $1,248 $18,769 $20,017 
Group II38 20 11 35 3 87 194 4,680 4,874 
Group III9 — 3 19 3 35 69 1,464 1,533 
Group IV2 — — — 2 6 10 83 93 
Total (a)$552 $149 $124 $242 $78 $376 $1,521 $24,996 $26,517 
__________
(a)Total past due dealer financing receivables at December 31, 2020 were $99 million.