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Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Notes)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES
The fair values of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2023
 Fair Value LevelCompany excluding Ford CreditFord CreditConsolidated
Cash and cash equivalents  
U.S. government1$2,320 $912 $3,232 
U.S. government agencies22,075 625 2,700 
Non-U.S. government and agencies2699 276 975 
Corporate debt21,617 101 1,718 
Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents
6,711 1,914 8,625 
Cash, time deposits, and money market funds7,493 8,744 16,237 
Total cash and cash equivalents$14,204 $10,658 $24,862 
 
Marketable securities
U.S. government1$4,467 $207 $4,674 
U.S. government agencies21,774 49 1,823 
Non-U.S. government and agencies22,096 109 2,205 
Corporate debt25,807 268 6,075 
Equities123 — 23 
Other marketable securities2353 156 509 
Total marketable securities$14,520 $789 $15,309 
Restricted cash$111 $137 $248 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash - held-for-sale$— $— $— 
December 31, 2024
Fair Value
 Level		Company excluding Ford CreditFord CreditConsolidated
Cash and cash equivalents
U.S. government1$1,099 $854 $1,953 
U.S. government agencies22,529 400 2,929 
Non-U.S. government and agencies21,073 370 1,443 
Corporate debt2659 339 998 
Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents
5,360 1,963 7,323 
Cash, time deposits, and money market funds8,303 7,309 15,612 
Total cash and cash equivalents$13,663 $9,272 $22,935 
 
Marketable securities
U.S. government1$3,530 $185 $3,715 
U.S. government agencies21,691 — 1,691 
Non-U.S. government and agencies22,272 79 2,351 
Corporate debt26,676 252 6,928 
Equities122 — 22 
Other marketable securities2516 190 706 
Total marketable securities$14,707 $706 $15,413 
Restricted cash$120 $88 $208 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash - held-for-sale (Note 21)
$47 $— $47 
NOTE 9.  CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES (Continued)

The cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities were as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2023
Fair Value of Securities with
Contractual Maturities
 Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueWithin 1 YearAfter 1 Year through 5 YearsAfter 5 Years
Company excluding Ford Credit  
U.S. government$4,458 $6 $(66)$4,398 $2,172 $2,216 $10 
U.S. government agencies2,053 4 (62)1,995 490 1,487 18 
Non-U.S. government and agencies1,948 1 (75)1,874 587 1,275 12 
Corporate debt7,433 27 (67)7,393 2,830 4,558 5 
Other marketable securities322 2 (4)320 — 247 73 
Total
$16,214 $40 $(274)$15,980 $6,079 $9,783 $118 
December 31, 2024
Fair Value of Securities with
Contractual Maturities
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueWithin 1 YearAfter 1 Year through 5 YearsAfter 5 Years
Company excluding Ford Credit
U.S. government$3,476 $1 $(27)$3,450 $282 $3,168 $— 
U.S. government agencies1,755 1 (30)1,726 697 1,010 19 
Non-U.S. government and agencies2,039 1 (39)2,001 559 1,429 13 
Corporate debt7,295 35 (21)7,309 2,272 5,033 4 
Other marketable securities
486 3 (1)488 — 411 77 
Total
$15,051 $41 $(118)$14,974 $3,810 $11,051 $113 

Sales proceeds and gross realized gains/losses from the sale of AFS securities for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions):
202220232024
Company excluding Ford Credit
Sales proceeds$6,207 $3,140 $11,026 
Gross realized gains7 2 17 
Gross realized losses26 37 28 
NOTE 9.  CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES (Continued)

The present fair values and gross unrealized losses for cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as AFS securities that were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, were as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2023
Less than 1 Year1 Year or GreaterTotal
 Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
Company excluding Ford Credit  
U.S. government$619 $(2)$2,735 $(64)$3,354 $(66)
U.S. government agencies283 (1)1,068 (61)1,351 (62)
Non-U.S. government and agencies67 — 1,654 (75)1,721 (75)
Corporate debt2,608 (2)2,192 (65)4,800 (67)
Other marketable securities26 — 122 (4)148 (4)
Total
$3,603 $(5)$7,771 $(269)$11,374 $(274)
 
December 31, 2024
Less than 1 Year1 Year or GreaterTotal
Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
Company excluding Ford Credit
U.S. government$2,500 $(17)$431 $(10)$2,931 $(27)
U.S. government agencies423 (1)893 (29)1,316 (30)
Non-U.S. government and agencies666 (7)1,060 (32)1,726 (39)
Corporate debt2,366 (10)568 (11)2,934 (21)
Other marketable securities67 — 68 (1)135 (1)
Total$6,022 $(35)$3,020 $(83)$9,042 $(118)

We determine credit losses on AFS debt securities using the specific identification method. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024, we did not recognize any credit loss. The unrealized losses on securities are due to changes in interest rates and market liquidity.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported on our consolidated statements of cash flows were as follows (in millions):
December 31,
2023		December 31,
2024
Cash and cash equivalents$24,862 $22,935 
Restricted cash (a)248 208 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash - held-for-sale (Note 21)
— 47 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$25,110 $23,190 
__________
(a)Included in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheets.