Employee Separation Actions and Exit and Disposal Activities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]

Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost

The following table summarizes the redesign-related activities for the periods ended June 30, which are recorded in Other liabilities and deferred revenue (in millions):

	Second Quarter						First Half
	2019			2020			2019			2020
Beginning balance	$	414		$	601		$	291		$	734
Changes in accruals (a)	741			26			1,008			94
Payments	(222		)	(99		)	(358		)	(271		)
Foreign currency translation	(4		)	(4		)	(12		)	(33		)
Ending balance	$	929		$	524		$	929		$	524

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(a)    Excludes pension costs of $182 million and $51 million in the second quarter of 2019 and 2020, respectively, and $195 million and $75 million in the first half of 2019 and 2020, respectively.