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Loans and Leases
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Leases

5. LOANS AND LEASES    

Following is a summary of loans and leases, net of unearned income:

 

(in thousands)    Originated
Loans
     Acquired
Loans
     Total
Loans and
Leases
 

June 30, 2016

        

Commercial real estate

   $ 3,789,036       $ 1,566,589       $ 5,355,625   

Commercial and industrial

     2,643,116         436,489         3,079,605   

Commercial leases

     200,350         —           200,350   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     6,632,502         2,003,078         8,635,580   

Direct installment

     1,733,606         96,600         1,830,206   

Residential mortgages

     1,217,574         461,072         1,678,646   

Indirect installment

     1,076,516         301         1,076,817   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,058,128         231,925         1,290,053   

Other

     51,826         —           51,826   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans and leases, net of unearned income

   $ 11,770,152       $ 2,792,976       $ 14,563,128   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(in thousands)    Originated
Loans
     Acquired
Loans
     Total
Loans and
Leases
 

December 31, 2015

        

Commercial real estate

   $ 3,531,146       $ 577,910       $ 4,109,056   

Commercial and industrial

     2,534,351         67,371         2,601,722   

Commercial leases

     204,553         —           204,553   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     6,270,050         645,281         6,915,331   

Direct installment

     1,660,717         45,919         1,706,636   

Residential mortgages

     1,044,689         351,282         1,395,971   

Indirect installment

     996,175         554         996,729   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,021,830         115,425         1,137,255   

Other

     38,518         —           38,518   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans and leases, net of unearned income

   $ 11,031,979       $ 1,158,461       $ 12,190,440   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commercial real estate includes both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied loans secured by commercial properties. Commercial and industrial includes loans to businesses that are not secured by real estate. Commercial leases are made for new or used equipment. Direct installment is comprised of fixed-rate, closed-end consumer loans for personal, family or household use, such as home equity loans and automobile loans. Residential mortgages consist of conventional and jumbo mortgage loans for non-commercial properties. Indirect installment is comprised of loans originated by third parties and underwritten by the Corporation, primarily automobile loans. Consumer lines of credit include home equity lines of credit (HELOC) and consumer lines of credit that are either unsecured or secured by collateral other than home equity. Other is comprised primarily of credit cards, mezzanine loans and student loans.

The loan and lease portfolio consists principally of loans to individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses within the Corporation’s primary market area of Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, Maryland and northern West Virginia. The total loan portfolio also contains consumer finance loans to individuals in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee and Kentucky, which totaled $187.8 million or 1.3% of total loans and leases at June 30, 2016, compared to $186.2 million or 1.5% of total loans and leases at December 31, 2015. Due to the relative size of the consumer finance loan portfolio, these loans are not segregated from other consumer loans.

The following table shows certain information relating to commercial loans:

 

     June 30,     December 31,  
(dollars in thousands)    2016     2015  

Commercial construction loans

   $ 432,429      $ 352,322   

Percent of total loans and leases

     3.0     2.9

Commercial real estate:

    

Percent owner-occupied

     37.0     38.1

Percent non-owner-occupied

     63.0     61.9

 

Acquired Loans

All acquired loans were initially recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. The outstanding balance and the carrying amount of acquired loans included in the consolidated balance sheet are as follows:

 

(in thousands)    June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Accounted for under ASC 310-30:

     

Outstanding balance

   $ 2,730,575       $ 1,258,418   

Carrying amount

     2,419,551         1,011,139   

Accounted for under ASC 310-20:

     

Outstanding balance

     398,107         146,161   

Carrying amount

     367,775         140,595   

Total acquired loans:

     

Outstanding balance

     3,128,682         1,404,579   

Carrying amount

     2,787,326         1,151,734   

The carrying amount of purchased credit impaired loans included in the table above totaled $7.1 million at June 30, 2016 and $5.9 million at December 31, 2015, representing less than 1% of the carrying amount of total acquired loans as of each date.

The following table provides changes in accretable yield for all acquired loans accounted for under ASC 310-30. Loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 are not included in this table.

 

     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,  
(in thousands)    2016      2015  

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 256,120       $ 331,899   

Acquisitions

     308,311         —     

Reduction due to unexpected early payoffs

     (35,879      (25,735

Reclass from non-accretable difference

     14,508         15,653   

Disposals/transfers

     (208      (348

Accretion

     (49,646      (31,656
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

   $ 493,206       $ 289,813   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table reflects amounts at acquisition for all purchased loans subject to ASC 310-30 (impaired and non-impaired) acquired from METR and Fifth Third.

 

(in thousands)    Acquired
Impaired
Loans
     Acquired
Performing
Loans
     Total  

Contractually required cash flows at acquisition

   $ 99,611       $ 2,191,476       $ 2,291,087   

Non-accretable difference (expected losses and foregone interest)

     (52,995      (264,233      (317,228
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition

     46,616         1,927,243         1,973,859   

Accretable yield

     (1,063      (307,248      (308,311
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basis in acquired loans at acquisition

   $ 45,553       $ 1,619,995       $ 1,665,548   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

In addition, loans purchased in the METR acquisition and Fifth Third branch purchase that were not subject to ASC 310-30 had the following balances at the date of acquisition: fair value of $292.3 million; unpaid principal balance of $315.1 million; and contractual cash flows not expected to be collected of $103.0 million.

 

Credit Quality    

Management monitors the credit quality of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio on an ongoing basis. Measurement of delinquency and past due status is based on the contractual terms of each loan.

Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and non-performing troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). Past due loans are reviewed on a monthly basis to identify loans for non-accrual status. The Corporation places a loan on non-accrual status and discontinues interest accruals on originated loans generally when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for a certain number of days or when the principal and interest is deemed uncollectible, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Commercial loans are placed on non-accrual at 90 days, installment loans are placed on non-accrual at 120 days and residential mortgages and consumer lines of credit are generally placed on non-accrual at 180 days. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all unpaid interest is reversed. Non-accrual loans may not be restored to accrual status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate ability to collect the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. TDRs are loans in which the borrower has been granted a concession on the interest rate or the original repayment terms due to financial distress.

Following is a summary of non-performing assets:

 

(dollars in thousands)    June 30,
2016
    December 31,
2015
 

Non-accrual loans

   $ 67,475      $ 49,897   

Troubled debt restructurings

     22,542        22,028   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-performing loans

     90,017        71,925   

Other real estate owned (OREO)

     48,344        38,918   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-performing assets

   $ 138,361      $ 110,843   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Asset quality ratios:

    

Non-performing loans / total loans and leases

     0.62     0.59

Non-performing loans + OREO / total loans and leases + OREO

     0.95     0.91

Non-performing assets / of total assets

     0.65     0.63

The carrying value of residential OREO held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure totaled $4.7 million at June 30, 2016 and $5.2 million at December 31, 2015. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 totaled $9.7 million and $11.7 million, respectively.

 

The following tables provide an analysis of the aging of the Corporation’s past due loans by class, segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired:

 


(in thousands)
   30-89 Days
Past Due
     ³ 90 Days
Past Due and
Still Accruing
     Non-
Accrual
     Total
Past Due
     Current      Total
Loans and
Leases
 

Originated Loans and Leases

                 

June 30, 2016

                 

Commercial real estate

   $ 9,219       $ 1       $ 23,797       $ 33,017       $ 3,756,019       $ 3,789,036   

Commercial and industrial

     9,411         3         27,568         36,982         2,606,134         2,643,116   

Commercial leases

     1,099         —           1,142         2,241         198,109         200,350   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     19,729         4         52,507         72,240         6,560,262         6,632,502   

Direct installment

     9,479         3,690         5,743         18,912         1,714,694         1,733,606   

Residential mortgages

     11,249         1,662         3,072         15,983         1,201,591         1,217,574   

Indirect installment

     6,067         270         1,613         7,950         1,068,566         1,076,516   

Consumer lines of credit

     2,141         532         2,063         4,736         1,053,392         1,058,128   

Other

     41         28         —           69         51,757         51,826   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated loans and leases

   $ 48,706       $ 6,186       $ 64,998       $ 119,890       $ 11,650,262       $ 11,770,152   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

                 

Commercial real estate

   $ 11,006       $ 1       $ 23,503       $ 34,510       $ 3,496,636       $ 3,531,146   

Commercial and industrial

     5,409         3         14,382         19,794         2,514,557         2,534,351   

Commercial leases

     924         —           659         1,583         202,970         204,553   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     17,339         4         38,544         55,887         6,214,163         6,270,050   

Direct installment

     9,254         3,813         4,806         17,873         1,642,844         1,660,717   

Residential mortgages

     8,135         1,470         2,882         12,487         1,032,202         1,044,689   

Indirect installment

     9,472         379         1,361         11,212         984,963         996,175   

Consumer lines of credit

     2,410         1,189         1,181         4,780         1,017,050         1,021,830   

Other

     73         169         —           242         38,276         38,518   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated loans and leases

   $ 46,683       $ 7,024       $ 48,774       $ 102,481       $ 10,929,498       $ 11,031,979   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 




(in thousands)
   30-89
Days
Past Due
     ³ 90 Days
Past Due

and Still
Accruing
     Non-
Accrual
     Total
Past
Due (1) (2)
     Current      Discount     Total
Loans
 

Acquired Loans

                   

June 30, 2016

                   

Commercial real estate

   $ 24,253       $ 26,315       $ 893       $ 51,461       $ 1,602,228       $ (87,100   $ 1,566,589   

Commercial and industrial

     2,758         4,821         1,163         8,742         461,688         (33,941     436,489   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     27,011         31,136         2,056         60,203         2,063,916         (121,041     2,003,078   

Direct installment

     2,602         1,124         —           3,726         90,263         2,611        96,600   

Residential mortgages

     11,990         13,963         —           25,953         474,442         (39,323     461,072   

Indirect installment

     11         4         —           15         255         31        301   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,325         858         421         2,604         234,158         (4,837     231,925   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total acquired loans

   $ 42,939       $ 47,085       $ 2,477       $ 92,501       $ 2,863,034       $ (162,559   $ 2,792,976   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

                   

Commercial real estate

   $ 6,399       $ 12,752       $ 931       $ 20,082       $ 593,128       $ (35,300   $ 577,910   

Commercial and industrial

     1,065         616         103         1,784         72,037         (6,450     67,371   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     7,464         13,368         1,034         21,866         665,165         (41,750     645,281   

Direct installment

     837         659         —           1,496         43,596         827        45,919   

Residential mortgages

     5,871         15,136         —           21,007         366,742         (36,467     351,282   

Indirect installment

     32         9         —           41         571         (58     554   

Consumer lines of credit

     830         546         89         1,465         117,443         (3,483     115,425   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total acquired loans

   $ 15,034       $ 29,718       $ 1,123       $ 45,875       $ 1,193,517       $ (80,931   $ 1,158,461   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Past due information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
(2) Acquired loans are considered performing upon acquisition, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent, as long as the Corporation can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. In these instances, the Corporation does not consider acquired contractually delinquent loans to be non-accrual or non-performing and continues to recognize interest income on these loans using the accretion method. Acquired loans are considered non-accrual or non-performing when, due to credit deterioration or other factors, the Corporation determines it is no longer able to reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. The Corporation does not recognize interest income on acquired loans considered non-accrual or non-performing.

The Corporation utilizes the following categories to monitor credit quality within its commercial loan and lease portfolio:

 

Rating

Category

  

Definition

Pass    in general, the condition and performance of the borrower is satisfactory or better
Special Mention    in general, the condition of the borrower has deteriorated, requiring an increased level of monitoring
Substandard    in general, the condition and performance of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and could further deteriorate if deficiencies are not corrected
Doubtful   

in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the collection in full

of both principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable

 

The use of these internally assigned credit quality categories within the commercial loan and lease portfolio permits management’s use of transition matrices to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. The Corporation’s internal credit risk grading system is based on past experiences with similarly graded loans and leases and conforms with regulatory categories. In general, loan and lease risk ratings within each category are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to the Corporation’s policy for each class of loans and leases. Each quarter, management analyzes the resulting ratings, as well as other external statistics and factors such as delinquency, to track the migration performance of the commercial loan and lease portfolio. Loans and leases within the Pass credit category or that migrate toward the Pass credit category generally have a lower risk of loss compared to loans and leases that migrate toward the Substandard or Doubtful credit categories. Accordingly, management applies higher risk factors to Substandard and Doubtful credit categories.

The following tables present a summary of the Corporation’s commercial loans and leases by credit quality category, segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired:    

 

     Originated Commercial Loan and Lease Credit Quality Categories  
(in thousands)    Pass      Special
Mention
     Substandard      Doubtful      Total  

Originated Loans and Leases

              

June 30, 2016

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 3,612,375       $ 106,555       $ 69,872       $ 234       $ 3,789,036   

Commercial and industrial

     2,387,112         89,891         159,497         6,616         2,643,116   

Commercial leases

     194,408         2,107         3,835         —           200,350   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated commercial loans and leases

   $ 6,193,895       $ 198,553       $ 233,204       $ 6,850       $ 6,632,502   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 3,416,527       $ 52,887       $ 61,411       $ 321       $ 3,531,146   

Commercial and industrial

     2,335,103         109,539         87,380         2,329         2,534,351   

Commercial leases

     198,207         2,447         3,899         —           204,553   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated commercial loans and leases

   $ 5,949,837       $ 164,873       $ 152,690       $ 2,650       $ 6,270,050   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Acquired Loans

              

June 30, 2016

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 1,301,203       $ 131,051       $ 132,639       $ 1,696       $ 1,566,589   

Commercial and industrial

     371,294         21,805         42,874         516         436,489   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total acquired commercial loans

   $ 1,672,497       $ 152,856       $ 175,513       $ 2,212       $ 2,003,078   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 464,162       $ 47,619       $ 66,129         —         $ 577,910   

Commercial and industrial

     56,446         3,182         7,743         —           67,371   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total acquired commercial loans

   $ 520,608       $ 50,801       $ 73,872         —         $ 645,281   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Credit quality information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The increase in acquired loans in 2016 relates to the METR acquisition completed on February 13, 2016.

The Corporation uses delinquency transition matrices within the consumer and other loan classes to enable management to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Each month, management analyzes payment and volume activity, FICO scores and other external factors such as unemployment, to determine how consumer loans are performing.

 

Following is a table showing originated consumer loans by payment status:

 

     Originated Consumer Loan Credit Quality
by Payment Status
 
(in thousands)    Performing      Non-
Performing
     Total  

June 30, 2016

        

Direct installment

   $ 1,718,741       $ 14,865       $ 1,733,606   

Residential mortgages

     1,204,189         13,385         1,217,574   

Indirect installment

     1,074,744         1,772         1,076,516   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,055,118         3,010         1,058,128   

Other

     51,826         —           51,826   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated consumer loans

   $ 5,104,618       $ 33,032       $ 5,137,650   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

        

Direct installment

   $ 1,646,925       $ 13,792       $ 1,660,717   

Residential mortgages

     1,031,926         12,763         1,044,689   

Indirect installment

     994,661         1,514         996,175   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,019,783         2,047         1,021,830   

Other

     38,518         —           38,518   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total originated consumer loans

   $ 4,731,813       $ 30,116       $ 4,761,929   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Loans and leases are designated as impaired when, in the opinion of management, based on current information and events, the collection of principal and interest in accordance with the loan and lease contract is doubtful. Typically, the Corporation does not consider loans and leases for impairment unless a sustained period of delinquency (i.e., 90-plus days) is noted or there are subsequent events that impact repayment probability (i.e., negative financial trends, bankruptcy filings, imminent foreclosure proceedings, etc.). Impairment is evaluated in the aggregate for consumer installment loans, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and commercial loan and lease relationships less than $500,000 based on loan and lease segment loss given default. For commercial loan relationships greater than or equal to $500,000, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a market interest rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Consistent with the Corporation’s existing method of income recognition for loans and leases, interest on impaired loans, except those classified as non-accrual, is recognized as income using the accrual method. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.

 

Following is a summary of information pertaining to originated loans and leases considered to be impaired, by class of loan and lease:

 


(in thousands)
   Unpaid
Contractual

Principal
Balance
     Recorded
Investment
With No
Specific

Reserve
     Recorded
Investment
With

Specific
Reserve
     Total
Recorded
Investment
     Specific
Reserve
     Average
Recorded
Investment
 

At or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016

  

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 32,295       $ 22,983       $ 2,101       $ 25,084       $ 234       $ 25,319   

Commercial and industrial

     29,126         12,826         14,699         27,525         6,616         26,023   

Commercial leases

     1,142         1,142         —           1,142         —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     62,563         36,951         16,800         53,751         6,850         51,342   

Direct installment

     16,125         14,865         —           14,865         —           14,481   

Residential mortgages

     13,942         13,385         —           13,385         —           13,093   

Indirect installment

     4,266         1,772         —           1,772         —           1,636   

Consumer lines of credit

     3,776         3,010         —           3,010         —           2,947   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 100,672       $ 69,983       $ 16,800       $ 86,783       $ 6,850       $ 83,499   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

At or for the Year Ended December 31, 2015

  

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 33,780       $ 24,423       $ 772       $ 25,195       $ 321       $ 26,143   

Commercial and industrial

     15,860         9,176         5,543         14,719         2,329         12,298   

Commercial leases

     659         659         —           659         —           747   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     50,299         34,258         6,315         40,573         2,650         39,188   

Direct installment

     14,679         13,792         —           13,792         —           13,267   

Residential mortgages

     13,394         12,763         —           12,763         —           12,896   

Indirect installment

     3,745         1,514         —           1,514         —           1,401   

Consumer lines of credit

     2,408         2,047         —           2,047         —           2,198   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 84,525       $ 64,374       $ 6,315       $ 70,689       $ 2,650       $ 68,950   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Interest income is generally no longer recognized once a loan becomes impaired.    

The above tables do not reflect the additional allowance for credit losses relating to acquired loans in the following pools and categories:

 

(in thousands)    June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,775       $ 3,073   

Commercial and industrial

     600         695   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     3,375         3,768   

Direct installment

     1,183         1,557   

Residential mortgages

     582         659   

Indirect installment

     221         221   

Consumer lines of credit

     289         522   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 5,650       $ 6,727   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Troubled Debt Restructurings

TDRs are loans whose contractual terms have been modified in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. TDRs typically result from loss mitigation activities and could include the extension of a maturity date, interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, deferral or decrease in payments for a period of time and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

 

Following is a summary of the payment status of originated TDRs:

 

(in thousands)    June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Accruing:

     

Performing

   $ 16,762       $ 15,165   

Non-performing

     22,542         22,028   

Non-accrual

     7,479         8,307   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total TDRs

   $ 46,783       $ 45,500   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TDRs that are accruing and performing include loans that met the criteria for non-accrual of interest prior to restructuring for which the Corporation can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and for which the Corporation expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Corporation returned to performing status $3,968 million in restructured residential mortgage loans that have consistently met their modified obligations for more than six months. TDRs that are accruing and non-performing are comprised of consumer loans that have not demonstrated a consistent repayment pattern on the modified terms for more than six months, however it is expected that the Corporation will collect all future principal and interest payments. TDRs that are on non-accrual are not placed on accruing status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate collectability of the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and may result in potential incremental losses which are factored into the allowance for credit losses.

Excluding purchased impaired loans, commercial loans over $500,000 whose terms have been modified in a TDR are generally placed on non-accrual, individually analyzed and measured for estimated impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. The Corporation’s allowance for credit losses included specific reserves for commercial TDRs and pooled reserves for individual loans under $500,000 based on loan segment loss given default. Upon default, the amount of the recorded investment in the TDR in excess of the fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs, is generally considered a confirmed loss and is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. The reserve for commercial TDRs included in the allowance for credit losses are as follows:

 

(in thousands)    June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Specific reserves

   $ —         $ 300   

Pooled reserves for individual loans under $500

     752         929   

All other classes of loans, which are primarily secured by residential properties, whose terms have been modified in a TDR are pooled and measured for estimated impairment based on the expected net present value of the estimated future cash flows of the pool. The Corporation’s allowance for credit losses included pooled reserves for these classes of loans of $3.3 million and $3.5 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Upon default of an individual loan, the Corporation’s charge-off policy is followed accordingly for that class of loan.

 

The majority of TDRs are the result of interest rate concessions for a limited period of time. Following is a summary of originated loans, by class, that have been restructured:                

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2016     Six Months Ended June 30, 2016  
(dollars in thousands)   Number
of
Contracts
    Pre-
Modification
Outstanding

Recorded
Investment
    Post-
Modification

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
    Number
of
Contracts
    Pre-
Modification
Outstanding

Recorded
Investment
    Post-
Modification

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial real estate

    —        $ —        $ —          4      $ 778      $ 749   

Commercial and industrial

    —          —          —          —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

    —          —          —          4        778        749   

Direct installment

    120        1,960        1,832        265        3,984        3,772   

Residential mortgages

    8        385        390        27        1,420        1,402   

Indirect installment

    2        6        6        5        17        17   

Consumer lines of credit

    17        302        298        36        481        473   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    147      $ 2,653      $ 2,526        337      $ 6,680      $ 6,413   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Three Months Ended June 30, 2015     Six Months Ended June 30, 2015  
(dollars in thousands)   Number
of
Contracts
    Pre-Modification
Outstanding

Recorded
Investment
    Post-
Modification

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
    Number
of
Contracts
    Pre-Modification
Outstanding

Recorded
Investment
    Post-
Modification

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial real estate

    —        $ —        $ —          2      $ 312      $ 176   

Commercial and industrial

    1        5        4        1        5        4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

    1        5        4        3        317        180   

Direct installment

    110        1,761        1,729        241        3,310        3,201   

Residential mortgages

    7        231        234        21        812        846   

Indirect installment

    5        14        13        10        30        30   

Consumer lines of credit

    14        250        249        30        520        519   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    137      $ 2,261      $ 2,229        305      $ 4,989      $ 4,776   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Following is a summary of originated TDRs, by class of loans and leases, for which there was a payment default, excluding loans that were either charged-off or cured by period end. Default occurs when a loan is 90 days or more past due and is within 12 months of restructuring (dollars in thousands).

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30, 2016 (1)
     Six Months Ended
June 30, 2016 (1)
 
(dollars in thousands)    Number of
Contracts
     Recorded
Investment
     Number of
Contracts
     Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial real estate

     —         $ —           —         $ —     

Commercial and industrial

     —           —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     —           —           —           —     

Direct installment

     32         135         57         246   

Residential mortgages

     3         142         4         193   

Indirect installment

     2         8         6         8   

Consumer lines of credit

     1         55         2         65   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     38       $ 340         69       $ 512   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015 (1)
     Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015 (1)
 
(dollars in thousands)    Number of
Contracts
     Recorded
Investment
     Number of
Contracts
     Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial real estate

     —         $ —           —         $ —     

Commercial and industrial

     1         229         1         229   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     1         229         1         229   

Direct installment

     27         96         58         182   

Residential mortgages

     3         114         4         171   

Indirect installment

     3         7         5         7   

Consumer lines of credit

     —           —           1         92   

Other

     —           —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     34       $ 446         69       $ 681   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) The recorded investment is as of period end.