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Loans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Loans [Abstract]  
Loans

Note 4Loans

The following table provides the balance of loans by portfolio segment as of September 30, 2014 and 2013, and December 31, 2013:
September 30December 31
(Dollars in thousands)   2014  2013  2013  
Commercial:        
Commercial, financial, and industrial$8,477,329  $7,746,942  $7,923,576  
Commercial real estate1,278,394  1,173,711  1,133,279  
Retail:      
Consumer real estate (a)5,130,988  5,458,047  5,333,371  
Permanent mortgage (b)572,789  697,694  662,242  
Credit card & other352,517  332,162  336,606  
Loans, net of unearned income$15,812,017  $15,408,556  $15,389,074  
Allowance for loan losses238,641  255,710  253,809  
Total net loans$15,573,376  $15,152,846  $15,135,265  

  • Balances as of September 30, 2014 and 2013, and December 31, 2013 include $81.1 million, $349.3 million, and $333.8 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
  • Balances as of September 30, 2013, and December 31, 2013 include $11.7 million and $11.2 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

COMPONENTS OF THE LOAN PORTFOLIO

The loan portfolio is disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. GAAP defines a portfolio segment as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute (i.e., amortized cost or purchased credit-impaired ("PCI")), risk characteristics of the loan, and FHN’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial loan portfolio segments include commercial, financial and industrial ("C&I") and commercial real estate ("CRE"). Commercial classes within C&I include general C&I, loans to mortgage companies, the trust preferred loans ("TRUPS") (i.e. long-term unsecured loans to bank and insurance - related businesses) portfolio and PCI loans. Loans to mortgage companies includes commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies exclusively for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower’s sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. Commercial classes within commercial real estate include income CRE, residential CRE and PCI loans. Retail loan portfolio segments include consumer real estate, permanent mortgage, and the credit card and other portfolio. Retail classes include HELOC, real estate ("R/E") installment and PCI loans within the consumer real estate segment, permanent mortgage (which is both a segment and a class), and credit card and other.

Concentrations

FHN has a concentration of residential real estate loans (36 percent of total loans), the majority of which is in the consumer real estate portfolio (32 percent of total loans). Loans to finance and insurance companies total $1.9 billion (22 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 12 percent of the total loans). FHN had loans to mortgage companies totaling $1.0 billion (11 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 6 percent of total loans) as of September 30, 2014. As a result, 33 percent of the C&I category was sensitive to impacts on the financial services industry.

Acquisition

On June 7, 2013, FHN acquired substantially all of the assets and liabilities of MNB from the FDIC. The acquisition included approximately $249 million of loans. These loans were initially recorded at fair value which incorporates expected credit losses, among other things, in accordance with ASC 805 resulting in no carryover of allowance for loan loss ("ALLL") from the acquiree. At acquisition, FHN designated certain loans as PCI (see discussion below) with the remaining loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs". For loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, the difference between the loans' book value to MNB and the estimated fair value at the time of the acquisition will be accreted back into interest income over the remaining contractual life and the subsequent accounting and reporting will be similar to FHN's originated loan portfolio.

PCI Loans

ASC 310-30, "Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer," provides guidance for acquired loans that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the time of acquisition and for which the timely collection of the interest and principal is no longer reasonably assured. FHN considered several factors when determining whether a loan met the definition of a PCI loan at the time of acquisition including accrual status, loan grade, delinquency trends, prior partial charge-offs, as well as both originated versus refreshed credit scores and ratios when available.

PCI loans were initially recorded at fair value which was estimated by discounting expected cash flows at acquisition date. The expected cash flow includes all contractually expected amounts and incorporates an estimate for future expected credit losses, pre-payment assumptions, and yield requirement for a market participant, among other things. To the extent possible, certain PCI loans were aggregated into pools with composite interest rate and cash flows expected to be collected for the pool. Aggregation into loan pools is based on common risk characteristics that include similar credit risk or risk ratings, and one or more predominant risk characteristics. Generally, FHN pooled loans with smaller balances and common internal loan grades and portfolio types. Subsequent to the initial accounting at acquisition, each PCI pool is accounted for as a single unit.

Accretable yield is initially established at acquisition and is the excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the initial investment in the loan and is recognized in interest income over the remaining life of the loan, or pool of loans. Nonaccretable difference is the difference between the contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition. FHN estimates expected cash flows for PCI loans on a quarterly basis. Increases in expected cash flows from the last measurement will result in reversal of any nonaccretable difference (or allowance for loan losses to the extent any has been recorded) with a prospective positive impact on interest income. Decreases to the expected cash flows will result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses through increased provision expense.

FHN does not report PCI loans as nonperforming loans due to the accretion of interest income. Additionally, PCI loans that have been pooled and subsequently modified will not be reported as troubled debt restructurings since the pool is the unit of measurement.

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30September 30
(Dollars in thousands)2014201320142013
Balance, beginning of period$ 16,509 $ 6,432 $ 13,490 $ -
Additions - - 335 6,650
Accretion (1,829) (821) (5,413) (1,039)
Adjustment for payoffs (828) (40) (1,550) (40)
Adjustment for charge-offs (10) - (79) -
Increase in accretable yield (a) 2,231 - 9,290 -
Balance, end of period$ 16,073 $ 5,571 $ 16,073 $ 5,571

Includes changes in the accretable yield due to both transfers from the nonaccretable difference and the impact of changes in the expected timing of the cash flows.

At September 30, 2014, the ALLL related to PCI loans was $2.8 million and loan loss provision recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 was $.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively. The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the PCI loans as of September 30, 2014, and 2013, and December 31, 2013:
September 30, 2014September 30, 2013December 31, 2013
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying valueUnpaid balanceCarrying valueUnpaid balanceCarrying valueUnpaid balance
Commercial, financial and industrial (a)$ 5,028 $ 6,155 $ 7,712 $ 9,509 $ 7,077 $ 9,169
Commercial real estate (a) 31,660 42,890 39,645 55,789 38,042 53,648
Consumer real estate (a) 585 875 888 1,300 878 1,291
Credit card and other (a) 11 16 15 22 12 21
Total $ 37,284 $ 49,936 $ 48,260 $ 66,620 $ 46,009 $ 64,129

September 30, 2013 balances by portfolio have been re-presented to agree with current presentation.

Impaired Loans
The following tables provide information at September 30, 2014 and 2013, by class related to individually impaired loans and consumer TDR's. Recorded investment is defined as the amount of the investment in a loan, before valuation allowance but which does reflect any direct write-down of the investment. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans and LOCOM have been excluded.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2014September 30, 2014September 30, 2014
  Unpaid  AverageInterestAverageInterest
RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
General C&I$15,594  $17,185  $ - $15,542  $ - $16,910  $ -
TRUPS -    -    - -    - 1,083   -
Income CRE6,819  14,379   - 6,829   - 7,670   -
Residential CRE1,148  1,827   - 1,148   - 574   -
Total$23,561  $33,391  $ - $23,519  $ - $26,237  $ -
Retail:        
HELOC (a)$14,036  $34,693  $ - $15,713  $ - $16,324  $ -
R/E installment loans (a)5,640  7,221   - 6,552   - 8,729   -
Permanent mortgage (a)7,616  10,023   - 7,739   - 7,918   -
Total$27,292  $51,937  $ - $30,004  $ - $32,971  $ -
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
General C&I$18,393  $22,579  $2,229$25,394  $ 79 $25,895  $ 236
TRUPS13,490  13,700  3,8108,505   - 13,540   -
Income CRE8,735  10,107  4818,789   62 10,406   226
Residential CRE5,663  11,111  6235,846   59 6,233   183
Total$46,281  $57,497  $7,143$48,534  $ 200 $56,074  $ 645
Retail:        
HELOC$81,422  $82,813  $17,061$79,352  $ 448 $75,476  $ 1,339
R/E installment loans73,434  74,690  24,43174,091   306 73,783   872
Permanent mortgage110,921  124,429  17,329111,263   709 112,518   2,138
Credit card & other548  548  255536   5 614   21
Total$266,325  $282,480  $59,076$265,242  $ 1,468 $262,391  $ 4,370
Total commercial$69,842  $90,888  $7,143$72,053  $ 200 $82,311  $ 645
Total retail$293,617  $334,417  $59,076$295,246  $ 1,468 $295,362  $ 4,370
Total impaired loans$363,459  $425,305  $66,219$367,299  $ 1,668 $377,673  $ 5,015

All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2013September 30, 2013September 30, 2013
  Unpaid  Average  InterestAverage  Interest
RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:                
Commercial:        
General C&I$34,193  $43,677  $ -   $40,812  $ - $51,845  $ 108
TRUPS6,500  6,500   -   6,500   - 10,583   -
Income CRE12,939  24,219   -   17,959   - 24,828   168
Residential CRE-  182   -   5,483   - 10,860   122
Total$ 53,632   $ 74,578   $ -   $ 70,754   $ - $ 98,116   $ 398
Retail:        
HELOC (a)$18,323  $40,867  $ -   $19,016  $ - $20,032  $ -
R/E installment loans (a)11,632  15,102   -   11,913   - 12,166   -
Permanent mortgage (a)11,120  14,531   -   11,127   - 10,690   -
Total$ 41,075   $ 70,500   $ -   $ 42,056   $ - $ 42,888   $ -
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:        
Commercial:        
General C&I$31,672  $38,075  $2,447  $27,944  $ 71 $16,319  $ 108
TRUPS33,610  33,610  13,255  38,655   - 39,185   -
Income CRE10,274  11,330  765  7,552   70 3,859   96
Residential CRE7,053  12,383  816  4,567   68 1,869   84
Total$ 82,609   $ 95,398   $ 17,283   $ 78,718   $ 209 $ 61,232   $ 288
Retail:        
HELOC$68,903  $71,708  $15,702  $68,287  $ 483 $65,005  $ 1,373
R/E installment loans71,543  72,686  22,724  75,084   336 72,571   1,025
Permanent mortgage117,004  129,702  18,646  114,501   776 111,880   2,164
Credit card & other648  648  212  682   7 732   23
Total$ 258,098   $ 274,744   $ 57,284   $ 258,554   $ 1,602 $ 250,188   $ 4,585
Total commercial$ 136,241   $ 169,976   $ 17,283   $ 149,472   $ 209 $ 159,348   $ 686
Total retail$ 299,173   $ 345,244   $ 57,284   $ 300,610   $ 1,602 $ 293,076   $ 4,585
Total impaired loans$ 435,414   $ 515,220   $ 74,567   $ 450,082   $ 1,811 $ 452,424   $ 5,271
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation.

All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

Asset Quality Indicators

FHN employs a dual grade commercial risk grading methodology to assign an estimate for the probability of default ("PD") and the loss given default ("LGD") for each commercial loan using factors specific to various industry, portfolio, or product segments that result in a rank ordering of risk and the assignment of grades PD 1 to PD 16. Each PD grade corresponds to an estimated one-year default probability percentage; a PD 1 has the lowest expected default probability, and probabilities increase as grades progress down the scale. PD 1 through PD 12 are “pass” grades. PD grades 13-16 correspond to the regulatory-defined categories of special mention (13), substandard (14), doubtful (15), and loss (16). Pass loan grades are required to be reassessed annually or earlier whenever there has been a material change in the financial condition of the borrower or risk characteristics of the relationship. All commercial loans over $1 million and certain commercial loans over $500,000 that are graded 13 or worse are reassessed on a quarterly basis. LGD grades are assigned based on a scale of 1-12 and represent FHN’s expected recovery based on collateral type in the event a loan defaults. See Note 5 - Allowance for Loan Losses for further discussion on the credit grading system.

The following tables provide the balances of commercial loan portfolio classes with associated allowance, disaggregated by PD grade as of September 30, 2014 and 2013.
September 30, 2014
Loans to      Allowance
GeneralMortgageIncomeResidentialPercentagefor Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&ICompaniesTRUPS (a)CRECRETotalof TotalLosses
PD Grade:      
1$ 441,590 $ - $ - $ 221   $ 63   $ 441,874   5%$ -   
2 355,805 - - 2,854    244    358,903   4 338   
3 412,110 46,838 - 28,750    93    487,791   5 264   
4 446,092 148,852 - 28,815    296    624,055   6 671   
5 947,041 177,435 - 239,166    4,717    1,368,359   14 2,741   
6 1,090,900 275,710 - 184,961    5,579    1,557,150   16 1,790   
7 1,178,283 193,667 - 262,318    6,405    1,640,673   17 2,777   
8 747,305 88,114 - 183,145    4,195    1,022,759   10 2,339   
9 540,472 18,251 - 107,636    2,619    668,978   7 4,559   
10 291,984 8,774 - 39,306    1,216    341,280   3 4,001   
11 314,927 - - 33,214    2,825    350,966   4 7,538   
12 106,550 - - 29,250    928    136,728   1 1,383   
13 115,198 - 325,882 8,085    1,938    451,103   5 6,716   
14,15,16 153,611 - - 37,882    4,915    196,408   2 40,279   
Collectively evaluated for impairment 7,141,868 957,641 325,882 1,185,603    36,033    9,647,027   99 75,396   
Individually evaluated for impairment 33,987 - 12,875 15,554    6,811    69,227   1 7,143   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 5,076 - - 32,588 1,805 39,469 - 2,781
Total commercial loans$ 7,180,931 $ 957,641 $ 338,757 $ 1,233,745   $ 44,649   $ 9,755,723    100 %$ 85,320

September 30, 2013
  Loans to          Allowance
GeneralMortgageIncomeResidentialPercent offor Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&ICompaniesTRUPS (a)CRECRETotalTotalLosses
PD Grade:            
1$ 228,555 $ - $ - $ -   $ -   $ 228,555   3$ 81   
2 179,955 - - -    -    179,955   2   79   
3 194,880 - - 2,687    -    197,567   2   224   
4 311,097 - - -    -    311,097   4   517   
5 790,748 - - 11,823    216    802,787   9   1,363   
6 938,609 40,200 - 44,311    286    1,023,406   12   1,973   
7 1,125,031 202,128 - 228,814    9,978    1,565,951   17   3,377   
8 881,668 308,282 - 202,417    5,058    1,397,425   16   4,895   
9 615,180 152,275 - 203,308    1,499    972,262   11   7,981   
10 451,318 29,008 - 139,026    1,066    620,418   7   8,640   
11 399,082 473 - 69,945    277    469,777   5   10,338   
12 124,916 - - 57,534    1,224    183,674   2   2,425   
13 159,675 - 332,707 33,439    1,324    527,145   6   8,596   
14,15,16 172,346 335 3,335 73,737    10,033    259,786   3   34,601   
Collectively evaluated for impairment 6,573,060    732,701    336,042    1,067,041    30,961    8,739,805    99    85,090   
Individually evaluated for impairment 65,865 - 36,864 23,213    7,053    132,995    1    17,283   
Total commercial loans (b)$ 6,638,925   $ 732,701   $ 372,906   $ 1,090,254   $ 38,014   $ 8,872,800    100 $ 102,373   

  • Balances as of September 30, 2014 and 2013, presented net of $26.2 million and $29.4 million, respectively, in lower of cost or market (“LOCOM”) valuation allowance. Based on the underlying structure of the notes, the highest possible internal grade is "13".
  • September 30, 2013 table excludes PCI loans.

The retail portfolio is comprised primarily of smaller-balance loans which are very similar in nature in that most are standard products and are backed by residential real estate. Because of the similarities of retail loan-types, FHN is able to utilize the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score, among other attributes, to assess the quality of consumer borrowers. FICO scores are refreshed on a quarterly basis in an attempt to reflect the recent risk profile of the borrowers. Accruing delinquency amounts are indicators of asset quality within the credit card and other retail portfolio.

The following tables reflect period end balances and average FICO scores by origination vintage for the HELOC, real estate installment, and permanent mortgage classes of loans as of September 30, 2014 and 2013:
HELOC
September 30, 2014September 30, 2013
  Average  Average    Average  Average
(Dollars in thousands) Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalanceFICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2003$ 61,659   708  703  $ 88,416   711  702  
2003 111,031   722  709   163,576   728  714  
2004 312,590   724  711   421,542   727  717  
2005 476,226   732  722   548,756   733  720  
2006 351,818   740  727   400,023   741  725  
2007 369,635   744  729   421,964   744  728  
2008 200,908   753  748   233,642   754  747  
2009 105,576   752  743   121,555   750  744  
2010 100,727   754  749   120,022   753  750  
2011 100,842   759  753   119,553   758  754  
2012 121,149   759  757   145,507   759  759  
2013 158,256 759760 111,976 762761
2014 87,878 761761 - - -
Total$2,558,295  741  732  $ 2,896,532   741  730  

  
R/E Installment LoansSeptember 30, 2014September 30, 2013
  Average  Average    Average  Average
(Dollars in thousands) Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalance FICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2003$ 16,278   680  684  $ 26,603   682  684  
2003 55,361   715  724   81,915   716  725  
2004 44,484   700  697   58,244   701  699  
2005 132,276   715  713   170,742   717  711  
2006 143,601   714  701   183,847   716  701  
2007 211,780   723  709   264,851   725  709  
2008 67,730   721  715   91,883   723  720  
2009 31,524   739  728   39,549   742  736  
2010 107,417   748  755   131,004   747  754  
2011 296,440   760  759   347,315   761  761  
2012 628,622   764  765   707,972   764  764  
2013 486,553 756757 457,590 758754
2014 350,627 755754 - - -
Total$2,572,693  748  746  $2,561,515  746  742  

  
Permanent MortgageSeptember 30, 2014September 30, 2013
  Average  Average    Average  Average
(Dollars in thousands) Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalanceFICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2004$ 161,037   724  723  $ 205,111   725  725  
2004 18,190   713  713   24,595   712  693  
2005 35,503   737  733   41,643   738  712  
2006 65,722   731  734   81,932   731  711  
2007 201,640   734  735   236,819   733  710  
2008 90,697   742  736   107,594   741  714  
Total$ 572,789   730  731  $ 697,694   731  713  

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

For all portfolio segments and classes other than PCI loans, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if it becomes evident that full collection of principal and interest is at risk, impairment has been recognized as a partial charge-off of principal balance, or on a case-by-case basis if FHN continues to receive payments, but there are atypical loan structures or other borrower-specific issues. PCI loans are classified in the table below as accruing because of the accretion of interest. FHN has a meaningful portion of loans that are classified as nonaccrual even though loan payments are being received; these include residential real estate loans where the borrower has been discharged of personal obligation through bankruptcy, and also current second lien loans behind first lien loans with performance issues. The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent at the time of modification and is determined to be a TDR, except for residential real estate secured loans discharged in bankruptcy (“discharged bankruptcies”) that are placed on nonaccrual regardless of delinquency status. Current stand-alone second liens are placed on nonaccrual status if they are junior to first liens that are 90 days or more past due or the first lien has been modified into a TDR.

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on September 30, 2014:
Accruing  Non-Accruing  
  30-89  90+      30-89  90+  Total
DaysDaysTotalDaysDaysNon-Total
(Dollars in thousands)Current Past DuePast DueAccruingCurrent Past DuePast DueAccruingLoans
Commercial (C&I):                
General C&I$ 7,140,246   $ 5,515   $ 1,717   $ 7,147,478   $ 5,603   $ 1,469   $ 21,305   $ 28,377   $ 7,175,855   
Loans to mortgage companies 956,861    650    -    957,511    -    -    130    130    957,641   
TRUPS (a) 325,882    -    -    325,882    12,875    -    -    12,875    338,757   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 4,710    366    -    5,076    -    -    -    -    5,076
Total commercial (C&I) 8,427,699 6,531 1,717 8,435,947 18,478    1,469    21,435    41,382 8,477,329
Commercial real estate:                
Income CRE 1,186,595    2,781    -    1,189,376    217    1,068    10,496    11,781    1,201,157   
Residential CRE 40,249    189    -    40,438    1,254    -    1,152    2,406    42,844   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 33,185    669    539    34,393    -    -    -    -    34,393
Total commercial real estate 1,260,029 3,639    539 1,264,207 1,471    1,068    11,648 14,187 1,278,394
Consumer real estate:                
HELOC 2,437,982    23,816    11,645    2,473,443    68,785    5,784    10,283    84,852    2,558,295   
R/E installment loans 2,515,705    12,721    4,965    2,533,391    29,306    2,585    6,768    38,659    2,572,050   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 643    -    -    643    -    -    -    -    643
Total consumer real estate 4,954,330    36,537    16,610    5,007,477    98,091    8,369    17,051    123,511    5,130,988   
Permanent mortgage 523,150    7,635    8,030    538,815    15,215    4,063    14,696    33,974    572,789   
Credit card & other                
Credit card 184,650    1,900    1,822    188,372    -    -    -    -    188,372   
Other 162,088    1,190    164    163,442    -    -    692    692    164,134   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 11 - - 11 - - - - 11
Total credit card & other 346,749    3,090    1,986    351,825    -    -    692    692    352,517   
Total loans, net of unearned$ 15,511,957   $ 57,432   $ 28,882   $ 15,598,271   $ 133,255   $ 14,969   $ 65,522   $ 213,746   $ 15,812,017   

Total TRUPS includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $26.2 million.

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on September 30, 2013:
Accruing  Non-Accruing  
30-8990+30-8990+Total 
   Days  Days  Total     Days  Days  Non-  Total
(Dollars in thousands) CurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingCurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingLoans
Commercial (C&I):  
General C&I$ 6,560,688   $ 7,314   $ 95   $ 6,568,097   $ 33,582   $ 3,610   $ 28,334   $ 65,526   $ 6,633,623   
Loans to mortgage companies 731,684    682    -    732,366    -    -    335    335    732,701   
TRUPS (a) 336,042    -    -    336,042    -    -    36,864    36,864    372,906   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 7,092    468    152    7,712    -    -    -    -    7,712
Total commercial (C&I) 7,635,506 8,464 247 7,644,217 33,582 3,610 65,533 102,725 7,746,942
Commercial real estate:  
Income CRE 1,071,839    5,438    435    1,077,712    6,791    -    13,802    20,593    1,098,305   
Residential CRE 31,189    177    -    31,366    285    -    4,110    4,395    35,761   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 38,595    637    413    39,645    -    -    -    -    39,645
Total commercial real estate 1,141,623 6,252 848 1,148,723 7,076 - 17,912 24,988 1,173,711
Consumer real estate:  
HELOC 2,778,336    24,072    12,641    2,815,049    61,733    5,521    14,229    81,483    2,896,532   
R/E installment loans 2,499,522    14,156    6,475    2,520,153    29,549    3,048    7,877    40,474    2,560,627   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 888    -    -    888    -    -    -    -    888
Total consumer real estate 5,278,746    38,228    19,116    5,336,090    91,282    8,569    22,106    121,957    5,458,047   
Permanent mortgage 643,385    5,097    12,239    660,721    13,518    1,321    22,134    36,973    697,694   
Credit card & other                
Credit card 186,749    1,480    1,258    189,487    -    -    -    -    189,487   
Other 140,320    803    138    141,261    1,399    -    -    1,399    142,660   
Purchased credit-impaired loans 15 - - 15 - - - - 15
Total credit card & other 327,084    2,283    1,396    330,763    1,399    -    -    1,399    332,162   
Total loans, net of unearned$ 15,026,344   $ 60,324   $ 33,846   $ 15,120,514   $ 146,857   $ 13,500   $ 127,685   $ 288,042   $ 15,408,556   

Total TRUPS includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $29.4 million.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

As part of FHN’s ongoing risk management practices, FHN attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately. FHN considers regulatory guidelines when restructuring loans to ensure that prudent lending practices are followed. As such, qualification criteria and payment terms consider the borrower’s current and prospective ability to comply with the modified terms of the loan.

A modification is classified as a TDR if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and it is determined that FHN has granted a concession to the borrower. FHN may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of a borrower’s financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty, particularly as it relates to commercial borrowers due to the complex nature of loan structures, business/industry risk, and borrower/guarantor structures. Concessions could include extension of the maturity date, reductions of the interest rate (which may make the rate lower than current market for a new loan with similar risk), reduction of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. When evaluating whether a concession has been granted, FHN also considers whether the borrower has provided additional collateral or guarantors, among other things, and whether such additions adequately compensate FHN for the restructured terms. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty and whether a concession has been granted is subjective in nature and management’s judgment is required when determining whether a modification is classified as a TDR.

For all classes within the commercial portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through forbearance agreements (generally 6 to 12 months). Forbearance agreements could include reduced interest rates, reduced payments, release of guarantor, or entering into short sale agreements. FHN’s proprietary modification programs for consumer loans are generally structured using parameters of U.S. government-sponsored programs such as Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”). Within the HELOC and R/E installment loans classes of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 1 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. Permanent mortgage TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 2 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. After 5 years the interest rate steps up 1 percent every year thereafter until it reaches the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," "Freddie," or "FHLMC") Weekly Survey Rate cap. Contractual maturities may be extended to 40 years on permanent mortgages and to 30 years for consumer real estate loans. Within the credit card class of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through either a short-term credit card hardship program or a longer-term credit card workout program. In the credit card hardship program, borrowers may be granted rate and payment reductions for 6 months to 1 year. In the credit card workout program, customers are granted a rate reduction to 0 percent and term extensions for up to 5 years to pay off the remaining balance.

Despite the absence of a loan modification, the discharge of personal liability through bankruptcy proceedings is considered a concession and as a result, FHN classifies all non-reaffirmed residential real estate loans after bankruptcy as nonaccruing TDRs.

On September 30, 2014 and 2013, FHN had $346.0 million and $369.4 million portfolio loans classified as TDRs, respectively. For TDRs in the loan portfolio, FHN had loan loss reserves of $60.9 million and $61.3 million, or 18 percent as of September 30, 2014, and 17 percent as of September 30, 2013. Additionally, $83.1 million and $133.9 million of loans held-for-sale as of September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively were classified as TDRs.

The following table reflects portfolio loans that were classified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2014Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
  Pre-Modification  Post-ModificationPre-ModificationPost-Modification
OutstandingOutstandingOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands) NumberRecorded InvestmentRecorded InvestmentNumberRecorded InvestmentRecorded Investment
Commercial (C&I):        
General C&I 2   $ 1,031   $ 970 4   $ 1,767   $ 1,492
Total commercial (C&I) 2    1,031    970 4    1,767    1,492
Commercial real estate:        
Income CRE -    -    - 2    421    421
Residential CRE -    -    - 1    976    960
Total commercial real estate -    -    - 3    1,397    1,381
Consumer real estate:        
HELOC 89    6,930    6,883 253    20,999    21,208
R/E installment loans 21    1,269    1,255 138    9,544    9,450
Total consumer real estate 110    8,199    8,138 391    30,543    30,658
Permanent mortgage 6    1,639    1,672 30    8,314    7,839
Credit card & other 16    107    103 50    254    245
Total troubled debt restructurings 134   $ 10,976   $ 10,883 478   $ 42,275   $ 41,615

Three Months Ended September 30, 2013Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
  Pre-Modification  Post-ModificationPre-ModificationPost-Modification
OutstandingOutstandingOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands) NumberRecorded InvestmentRecorded InvestmentNumberRecorded InvestmentRecorded Investment
Commercial (C&I):        
General C&I 2   $ 1,161   $ 1,134 10   $ 17,350   $ 17,313
Total commercial (C&I) 2    1,161    1,134 10    17,350    17,313
Commercial real estate:        
Income CRE -    -    - 1    288    288
Residential CRE -    -    - -    -    -
Total commercial real estate -    -    - 1    288    288
Consumer real estate:        
HELOC 72    5,212    5,194 279    21,729    21,479
R/E installment loans 70    4,589    4,541 346    24,264    24,100
Total consumer real estate 142    9,801    9,735 625    45,993    45,579
Permanent mortgage 15    3,864    4,074 41    16,907    17,311
Credit card & other 13    44    39 41    198    187
Total troubled debt restructurings 172   $ 14,870   $ 14,982 718   $ 80,736   $ 80,678

The following table presents TDRs which re-defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, and as to which the modification occurred 12 months or less prior to the re-default. Financing receivables that became classified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the period are calculated by first identifying TDRs that defaulted during the period and then determining whether they were modified within the 12 months prior to the default. For purposes of this disclosure, FHN generally defines payment default as 30 or more plus days past due.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2014September 30, 2014
  RecordedRecorded
(Dollars in thousands)NumberInvestmentNumberInvestment
Commercial (C&I):    
General C&I 2   $ 59    4   $ 512
Total commercial (C&I) 2    59    4    512
Commercial real estate:    
Income CRE 1    2,570    3    2,959
Residential CRE -    -    -    -
Total commercial real estate 1    2,570    3    2,959
Consumer real estate:    
HELOC 2    212    6    374
R/E installment loans 1    132    8    500
Total consumer real estate 3    344    14    874
Permanent mortgage 1    347    3    1,128
Credit card & other -    -    2    4
Total troubled debt restructurings 7   $ 3,320    26   $ 5,477

Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2013September 30, 2013
  RecordedRecorded
(Dollars in thousands)NumberInvestmentNumberInvestment
Commercial (C&I):    
General C&I 6   $ 1,870    8   $ 5,977
Total commercial (C&I) 6    1,870    8    5,977
Commercial real estate:    
Income CRE 3    750    4    1,548
Residential CRE -    -    1    33
Total commercial real estate 3    750    5    1,581
Consumer real estate:    
HELOC 1    35    10    512
R/E installment loans 3    229    6    350
Total consumer real estate 4    264    16    862
Permanent mortgage 4    2,071    14    6,507
Credit card & other 8    34 15    61
Total troubled debt restructurings 25   $ 4,989    58   $ 14,988

The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent upon modification into a TDR. For commercial loans, nonaccrual TDRs that are reasonably assured of repayment according to their modified terms may be returned to accrual status by FHN upon a detailed credit evaluation of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms. For consumer loans, FHN’s evaluation supporting the decision to return a modified loan to accrual status includes consideration of the borrower’s sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period prior to the date on which the loan is returned to accrual status, which is generally a minimum of six months. FHN may also consider a borrower’s sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable time prior to the restructuring in assessing whether the borrower can meet the restructured terms, as it may indicate that the borrower is capable of servicing the level of debt under the modified terms. Otherwise, FHN will continue to classify restructured loans as nonaccrual. Consistent with regulatory guidance, upon sustained performance and classification as a TDR over FHN’s year-end, the loan will be removed from TDR status as long as the modified terms were market-based at the time of modification.