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Loans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Loans [Abstract]  
Loans

Note 4Loans

The following table provides the balance of loans by portfolio segment as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:
        
(Dollars in thousands)   2013 2012 
Commercial:        
 Commercial, financial, and industrial  $7,923,576 $8,796,956 
 Commercial real estate 1,133,279  1,168,235 
Retail:        
 Consumer real estate (a) 5,333,371  5,688,703 
 Permanent mortgage (b) 662,242  765,583 
 Credit card & other 336,606  289,105 
Loans, net of unearned income$15,389,074 $16,708,582 
Allowance for loan losses 253,809  276,963 
Total net loans  $15,135,265 $16,431,619 

Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation.

  • Balances as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, include $333.8 million and $402.4 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 24 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
  • Balances as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, include $11.2 million and $13.2 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 24 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

COMPONENTS OF THE LOAN PORTFOLIO

The loan portfolio was disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. GAAP defines a portfolio segment as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute (i.e., amortized cost or purchased credit impaired), risk characteristics of the loan, and FHN's method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial loan portfolio segments include C&I and CRE. Commercial classes within C&I include general C&I, loans to mortgage companies, the TRUPs portfolio and PCI loans. Commercial classes within commercial real estate include income CRE, residential CRE and PCI loans. Retail loan portfolio segments include consumer real estate, permanent mortgage, and the credit card and other portfolio. Retail classes include HELOC, R/E installment and PCI loans within the consumer real estate segment, permanent mortgage (which is both a segment and a class), and credit card and other.

Concentrations

FHN has a concentration of loans secured by residential real estate (39 percent of total loans), the majority of which is in the consumer real estate portfolio (35 percent of total loans). Loans to finance and insurance companies total $1.7 billion (22 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 11 percent of the total loans). FHN had loans to mortgage companies, commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies exclusively for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower's sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors, totaling $0.8 billion (10 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 5 percent of total loans) as of December 31, 2013. As a result, 32 percent of the C&I category was sensitive to impacts on the financial services industry.

Restrictions

On December 31, 2013, $5.5 billion of commercial loans were pledged to secure potential discount window borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank. Additionally, as of December 31, 2013, FHN pledged all of its held-to-maturity first and second lien mortgages and HELOCs, excluding restricted real estate loans and secured borrowings, to secure potential borrowings from the FHLB-Cincinnati. Restricted and secured borrowings loans secure borrowings associated with both consolidated and nonconsolidated VIEs. See Note 24—Variable Interest Entities for additional discussion.

Acquisition

On June 7, 2013, FHN acquired substantially all of the assets and liabilities of MNB from the FDIC. The acquisition included approximately $249 million of loans. These loans were initially recorded at fair value which incorporates expected credit losses, among other things, in accordance with ASC 805 resulting in no carryover of allowance for loan loss from the acquiree. See Note 2 - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information regarding the acquisition. At acquisition, FHN designated certain loans as purchase credit impaired (see discussion below) with the remaining loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs". For loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, the difference between the loans' book value to MNB and the estimated fair value at the time of the acquisition will be accreted back into interest income over the remaining contractual life and the subsequent accounting and reporting will be similar to FHN's originated loan portfolio.

Purchase Credit Impaired Loans

ASC 310-30 "Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer", provides guidance for acquired loans that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the time of acquisition and for which the timely collection of the interest and principal is no longer reasonably assured ("PCI loans"). FHN considered several factors when determining whether a loan met the definition of a PCI loan at the time of acquisition including accrual status, loan grade, delinquency trends, prior partial charge-offs, as well as both originated versus refreshed credit scores and ratios when available.

PCI loans are initially recorded at fair value which was estimated by discounting expected cash flows at acquisition date. The expected cash flow includes all contractually expected amounts (including interest) and incorporates an estimate for future expected credit losses, pre-payment assumptions, and yield requirement for a market participant, among other things. To the extent possible, certain PCI loans were aggregated into pools with composite interest rate and cash flows expected to be collected for the pool. Aggregation into loan pools is based on common risk characteristics that include similar credit risk or risk ratings, and one or more predominant risk characteristics. Generally, FHN pooled loans with smaller balances and common internal loan grades and portfolio types. Subsequent to the initial accounting at acquisition, each PCI pool is accounted for as a single unit.

The following table reflects FHN's contractually required payments receivable, cash flows expected to be collected, and the fair value of purchase credit impaired ("PCI") loans at the acquisition date of June 7, 2013.

(Dollars in thousands)June 7, 2013 
Contractually required payments including interest$ 79,676 
Less: nonaccretable difference  (23,750) 
Cash flows expected to be collected  55,926 
Less: accretable yield  (6,650) 
Fair value of loans acquired$ 49,276 

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the December 31, 2013: 
    
 Year Ended 
(Dollars in thousands)December 31, 2013 
Balance, beginning of period$ - 
Impact of acquisition/purchase on June 7, 2013  6,650 
Accretion  (2,234) 
Adjustment for payoffs  (104) 
Adjustment for charge-offs  (4) 
Increase in accretable yield (a)  9,182 
Balance, end of period$ 13,490 

  • Includes changes in the accretable yield due to both transfers from the nonaccretable difference and also due to the impact of changes in actual and expected timing of the cash flows.

At December 31, 2013, the ALLL related to PCI loans was $.8 million while net charge-offs and loan loss provision recognized during 2013 were $.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively. The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the acquired PCI loans as of December 31, 2013: 
       
 December 31, 2013 
(Dollars in thousands)Ending balance Unpaid balance 
Commercial, financial and industrial$ 7,077 $ 9,169 
Commercial real estate  38,042   53,648 
Consumer real estate  878   1,291 
Credit card and other  12   21 
Total$ 46,009 $ 64,129 

Regulatory Focus on Consumer Loan Accounting and Reporting

In first quarter 2012, the Office of the Comptroller of Currency ("OCC") issued interagency guidance related to ALLL estimation and nonaccrual practices, and risk management policies for junior lien loans. As a result, FHN modified its nonaccrual policies in first quarter 2012, to place current second liens on nonaccrual if the first lien is owned or serviced by FHN and is 90 or more days past due. For non FHN-serviced first liens, in second, third and fourth quarters of 2013, FHN received information from a third party vendor regarding the performance status of those first liens and placed stand-alone second liens on nonaccrual if the first lien was 90 days or more past due or had been modified as a TDR. Because probable incurred losses had been contemplated in the allowance for loan loss estimate in prior quarters, this new information did not result in a significant increase in the ALLL.

In third quarter 2012, the OCC clarified that residential real estate loans in which personal liability has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower are collateral dependent and should be reported as nonaccruing TDR. As a result, FHN charged-down such loans to the net realizable value of the collateral and the remaining balances were reported as nonaccruing TDRs regardless of the loan's delinquency status. The incremental provision expense and net charge-offs due to the implementation of this guidance were approximately $23 million and approximately $33 million in 2012, respectively.

Because of the composition of FHN's residential real estate portfolios, these changes most significantly impacted the consumer real estate portfolio segment. The level of nonperforming loans and TDRs in the consumer real estate and permanent mortgage portfolios was affected by the regulatory actions discussed above.

Loan Sales

In third quarter 2011, FHN executed bulk sales of certain consumer and commercial loans, a significant majority of which were nonperforming. The largest transaction was a sale of permanent mortgages with an unpaid principal balance of approximately $188 million, or $126 million after consideration of partial charge-offs and LOCOM adjustments previously taken on the loans. FHN recognized a loss on sale of $29.8 million which is recognized within the loan loss provision and $40.2 million of net charge-offs associated with this sale. FHN also sold nonperforming commercial loans with unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of approximately $32 million and $23 million after consideration of amounts already charged off. FHN recognized a loss which is reflected in the loan loss provision of $6.0 million and $7.3 million of net charge-offs related to this commercial loan bulk sale.

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES       

The ALLL includes the following components: reserves for commercial loans evaluated based on pools of credit graded loans and reserves for pools of smaller-balance homogeneous retail loans, both determined in accordance with ASC 450-20-50. The reserve factors applied to these pools are an estimate of probable incurred losses based on management's evaluation of historical net losses from loans with similar characteristics and are subject to qualitative adjustments by management to reflect current events, trends, and conditions (including economic considerations and trends). The slow economic recovery, performance of the housing market, unemployment levels, the regulatory environment, regulatory guidance, and both positive and negative portfolio segment-specific trends, are examples of additional factors considered by management in determining the ALLL. The ALLL also includes reserves determined in accordance with ASC 310-10-35 for loans determined by management to be individually impaired and an immaterial reserve associated with PCI loans.

Commercial

For commercial loans, reserves are established using historical net loss factors by grade level, loan product, and business segment. An assessment of the quality of individual commercial loans is made utilizing credit grades assigned internally based on a dual grading system which estimates both the probability of default (“PD”) and loss severity in the event of default. PD grades range from 1-16 while estimated loss severities, or loss given default (“LGD”) grades, range from 1-12. This credit grading system is intended to identify and measure the credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the migration of loans between grading categories. It is also integral to the estimation methodology utilized in determining the allowance for loan losses since an allowance is established for pools of commercial loans based on the credit grade assigned. The appropriate relationship team performs the process of categorizing commercial loans into the appropriate credit grades, initially as a component of the approval of the loan, and subsequently throughout the life of the loan as part of the servicing regimen. The proper loan grade for larger exposures is confirmed by a senior credit officer in the approval process. To determine the most appropriate credit grade for each loan, the credit risk grading system employs scorecards for particular categories of loans that consist of a number of objective and subjective measures that are weighted in a manner that produces a rank ordering of risk within pass-graded credits. Loan grading discipline is regularly reviewed by Credit Risk Assurance to determine if the process continues to result in accurate loan grading across the portfolio. FHN may utilize availability of guarantors/sponsors to support lending decisions during the credit underwriting process and when determining the assignment of internal loan grades.

Retail

The ALLL for smaller-balance homogenous retail loans is determined based on pools of similar loan types that have similar credit risk characteristics. FHN manages retail loan credit risk on a class basis. Reserves by portfolio are determined using segmented roll-rate models that incorporate various factors including historical delinquency trends, experienced loss frequencies, and experienced loss severities. Generally, reserves for retail loans reflect inherent losses in the portfolio that are expected to be recognized over the following twelve months.

Individually Impaired

Generally, classified nonaccrual commercial loans over $1 million and all commercial and consumer loans classified as TDRs are deemed to be impaired and are individually assessed for impairment measurement in accordance with ASC 310-10-35. For all commercial portfolio segments, TDRs and other individually impaired commercial loans are measured based on the present value of expected future payments discounted at the loan's effective interest rate (“the DCF method”), observable market prices, or for loans that are solely dependent on the collateral for repayment, the net realizable value. For loans measured using the DCF method or by observable market prices, if the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds this amount, a specific allowance is established as a component of the ALLL until such time as a loss is expected and recognized; for impaired collateral-dependent loans, FHN will charge off the full difference between the book value and the best estimate of net realizable value. 

Generally, the allowance for TDRs in all consumer portfolio segments is determined by estimating the expected future cash flows using the modified interest rate (if an interest rate concession), incorporating payoff and net charge-off rates specific to the TDRs within the portfolio segment being assessed, and discounted using the pre-modification interest rate. The discount rates of variable rate TDRs are adjusted to reflect changes in the interest rate index in which the rates are tied. The discounted cash flows are then compared to the outstanding principal balance in order to determine required reserves. Residential real estate loans discharged through bankruptcy are collateral-dependent and are charged down to net realizable value.

In 2011, FHN estimated TDR reserves for the permanent mortgage portfolio segment by using roll-rate models that estimated reserves for the permanent mortgage portfolio both with and without TDRs. Additionally, a qualitative factor representing the incremental inherent loss for such TDRs was applied to estimate the total required reserves for permanent mortgage TDRs. In first quarter 2012, FHN began utilizing a DCF model for estimating such reserves consistent with all other retail portfolio segments.

The following table provides a rollforward of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for 2013, 2012 and 2011: 
    CommercialConsumerPermanentCredit Card   
(Dollars in thousands) C&IReal EstateReal EstateMortgageand Other Total 
Balance as of January 1, 2011$ 239,469$ 155,085$ 192,350$ 65,009$ 12,886$ 664,799 
Charge-offs (a)  (76,728)  (41,147)  (164,922)  (75,218)  (19,253)  (377,268) 
Recoveries  16,562  11,047  16,019  5,375  3,817  52,820 
Provision  (48,890)  (69,399)  121,630  31,028  9,631  44,000 
Balance as of December 31, 2011  130,413  55,586  165,077  26,194  7,081  384,351 
Allowance - individually evaluated for impairment  28,973  8,214  44,606  6,015  333  88,141 
Allowance - collectively evaluated for impairment  101,440  47,372  120,471  20,179  6,748  296,210 
Loans, net of unearned as of December 31, 2011:             
 Individually evaluated for impairment  164,217  115,319  112,231  75,748  1,117  468,632 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  7,850,710  1,263,091  5,779,315  752,445  282,934  15,928,495 
Total loans, net of unearned $ 8,014,927$ 1,378,410$ 5,891,546$ 828,193$ 284,051$ 16,397,127 
Balance as of January 1, 2012$ 130,413$ 55,586$ 165,077$ 26,194$ 7,081$ 384,351 
Charge-offs (b)  (30,887)  (19,977)  (147,918)  (13,604)  (12,624)  (225,010) 
Recoveries  11,151  4,475  17,770  3,024  3,202  39,622 
Provision (c)  (14,486)  (20,087)  94,020  9,314  9,239  78,000 
Balance as of December 31, 2012  96,191  19,997  128,949  24,928  6,898  276,963 
Allowance - individually evaluated for impairment  17,799  156  35,289  21,713  203  75,160 
Allowance - collectively evaluated for impairment  78,392  19,841  93,660  3,215  6,695  201,803 
Loans, net of unearned as of December 31, 2012:             
 Individually evaluated for impairment  123,636  49,517  160,000  120,924  818  454,895 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  8,673,320  1,118,718  5,528,703  644,659  288,287  16,253,687 
Total loans, net of unearned $ 8,796,956$ 1,168,235$ 5,688,703$ 765,583$ 289,105$ 16,708,582 
Balance as of January 1, 2013$ 96,191$ 19,997$ 128,949$ 24,928$ 6,898$ 276,963 
Charge-offs  (22,936)  (3,502)  (73,642)  (9,934)  (11,404)  (121,418) 
Recoveries  12,487  4,275  21,360  2,473  2,669  43,264 
Provision  704  (10,167)  50,118  5,024  9,321  55,000 
Balance as of December 31, 2013   86,446  10,603  126,785  22,491  7,484  253,809 
Allowance - individually evaluated for impairment  14,295  1,600  44,173  17,042  224  77,334 
Allowance - collectively evaluated for impairment  72,132  8,218  82,601  5,449  7,258  175,658 
Allowance - purchased credit impaired loans  19  785  11  -  2  817 
Loans, net of unearned as of December 31, 2013:             
 Individually evaluated for impairment  80,231  27,812  170,422  121,458  545  400,468 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  7,836,250  1,066,639  5,162,060  540,784  336,047  14,941,780 
 Purchased credit impaired loans  7,095  38,828  889  -  14  46,826 
Total loans, net of unearned $ 7,923,576$ 1,133,279$ 5,333,371$ 662,242$ 336,606$ 15,389,074 
               
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. 

  • 2011 includes $40.2 million of charge-offs associated with loan sales, a majority of which were nonperforming permanent mortgages.
  • 2012 includes approximately $33 million of charge-offs associated with discharged bankruptcies, largely included in the consumer real estate portfolio segment.
  • 2012 includes approximately $23 million of loan loss provision related to discharged bankruptcies.

Impaired Loans               
                 
The following tables provide information at December 31, 2013 and 2012, by class related to individually impaired loans and consumer TDR's. Recorded investment is defined as the amount of the investment in a loan, before valuation allowance but which does reflect any direct write-down of the investment. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans and LOCOM have been excluded. 
         
  2013 
     Unpaid    Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelated Recorded Income 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowance Investment Recognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:             
Commercial:               
 General C&I$26,626 $28,089 $ - $46,486 $ 108 
 TRUPs 6,500  6,500   -  9,563   - 
 Income CRE 8,524  16,552   -  21,304   168 
 Residential CRE 0  0   -  8,145   122 
 Total$41,650 $51,141 $ - $85,498 $ 398 
Retail:               
 HELOC (a)$16,825 $38,624 $ - $19,418 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a) 11,009  14,062   -  11,955   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a) 8,460  11,943   -  8,835   - 
 Total$36,294 $64,629 $ - $40,208 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$16,741 $23,016 $1,548 $18,291 $ 185 
 TRUPs 33,610  33,610  12,747  37,791   - 
 Income CRE 12,374  14,094  810  5,725   201 
 Residential CRE 6,914  12,249  790  3,148   153 
 Total$69,639 $82,969 $15,895 $64,955 $ 539 
Retail:               
 HELOC$70,297 $71,692 $16,506 $66,154 $ 1,821 
 R/E installment loans 72,291  73,230  27,667  72,408   1,340 
 Permanent mortgage 112,998  125,666  17,042  112,356   2,990 
 Credit card & other 545  545  224  698   29 
 Total$256,131 $271,133 $61,439 $251,616 $ 6,180 
Total commercial$111,289 $134,110 $15,895 $150,453 $ 937 
Total retail$292,425 $335,762 $61,439 $291,824 $ 6,180 
Total impaired loans$403,714 $469,872 $77,334 $442,277 $ 7,117 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

             
  2012 
     Unpaid    Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncome 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestmentRecognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$ 60,313 $ 78,287 $ - $ 63,145 $ 669 
 TRUPs  24,000   24,000   -   43,848   - 
 Income CRE  33,800   45,876   -   52,812   324 
 Residential CRE  14,639   22,045   -   21,502   268 
 Total$ 132,752 $ 170,208 $ - $ 181,307 $ 1,261 
Retail:               
 HELOC (a)$ 20,338 $ 41,103 $ - $ 4,214 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a)  10,322   13,800   -   2,401   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a)  9,210   11,616   -   2,848   - 
 Total$ 39,870 $ 66,519 $ - $ 9,463 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$ 10,301 $ 10,301 $ 1,991 $ 16,182 $ 100 
 TRUPs  33,700   33,700   15,808   33,700   - 
 Income CRE  1,078   1,078   156   1,699   54 
 Residential CRE  -   -   -   11,873   - 
 Total$ 45,079 $ 45,079 $ 17,955 $ 63,454 $ 154 
Retail:               
 HELOC$ 59,650 $ 59,940 $ 15,372 $ 55,348 $ 1,597 
 R/E installment loans  69,690   70,277   19,917   67,409   1,136 
 Permanent mortgage  111,714   123,879   21,713   93,731   2,818 
 Credit card & other  818   818   203   960   32 
 Total$ 241,872 $ 254,914 $ 57,205 $ 217,448 $ 5,583 
Total commercial$ 177,831 $ 215,287 $ 17,955 $ 244,761 $ 1,415 
Total retail$ 281,742 $ 321,433 $ 57,205 $ 226,911 $ 5,583 
Total impaired loans$ 459,573 $ 536,720 $ 75,160 $ 471,672 $ 6,998 
                 
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

 

Asset Quality Indicators

As previously discussed, FHN employs a dual grade commercial risk grading methodology to assign an estimate for PD and the LGD for each commercial loan using factors specific to various industry, portfolio, or product segments that result in a rank ordering of risk and the assignment of grades PD 1 to PD 16. Each PD grade corresponds to an estimated one-year default probability percentage; a PD 1 has the lowest expected default probability, and probabilities increase as grades progress down the scale. PD 1 through PD 12 are “pass” grades. PD grades 13-16 correspond to the regulatory-defined categories of special mention (13), substandard (14), doubtful (15), and loss (16). Pass loan grades are required to be reassessed annually or earlier whenever there has been a material change in the financial condition of the borrower or risk characteristics of the relationship. All commercial loans over $1 million and certain commercial loans over $500,000 that are graded 13 or worse are reassessed on a quarterly basis. LGD grades are assigned based on a scale of 1-12 and represent FHN's expected recovery based on collateral type in the event a loan defaults.

The following tables provide the balances of commercial loan portfolio classes with associated allowance, disaggregated by PD grade as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:  
 December 31, 2013  
    Loans to                 Allowance  
 General Mortgage    IncomeResidential   Percentage  for Loan 
(Dollars in thousands)C&I Companies TRUPS (a) CRECRETotal of Total  Losses 
PD Grade:                          
1$ 239,141 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 239,141  3% $ 85  
2  216,173   -   -   3,363   -   219,536  2    80  
3  224,224   -   -   739   83   225,046  2    206  
4  321,423   -   -   13,005   213   334,641  4    410  
5  821,158   -   -   42,420   225   863,803  10    1,331  
6  876,982   96,287   -   229,098   9,989   1,212,356  13    1,643  
7  1,135,378   172,236   -   216,744   6,527   1,530,885  17    2,578  
8  953,398   295,436   -   218,619   136   1,467,589  16    4,426  
9  683,223   167,533   -   111,260   953   962,969  11    8,381  
10  402,532   48,802   -   64,893   1,850   518,077  6    7,276  
11  387,907   10,169   -   29,774   1,637   429,487  5    9,687  
12  129,741   -   -   32,796   4,333   166,870  2    2,488  
13  163,458   -   331,940   16,666   2,886   514,950  6    9,047  
14,15,16  154,860   146   4,103   52,879   5,551   217,539  2    32,712  
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,709,598   790,609   336,043   1,032,256   34,383   8,902,889  99    80,350  
Individually evaluated for impairment  43,367   -   36,864   20,898   6,914   108,043  1    15,895  
Total commercial loans$ 6,752,965 $ 790,609 $ 372,907 $ 1,053,154 $ 41,297 $ 9,010,932 (b) 100% $ 96,245 (c) 

 December 31, 2012 
    Loans to                Allowance 
 GeneralMortgage  IncomeResidential  Percent of for Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&ICompaniesTRUPS (a)CRECRETotalTotal Losses
PD Grade:                        
1$ 223,753 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 223,753  2 $ 68 
2  138,496   -   -   2,538   -   141,034  1    94 
3  182,611   -   -   6,300   -   188,911  2    113 
4  272,054   -   -   5,640   21   277,715  3    325 
5  636,316   -   -   51,342   329   687,987  7    1,712 
6  904,504   135,403   -   172,890   6,348   1,219,145  12    3,736 
7  1,033,442   500,936   -   162,352   2,069   1,698,799  17    4,379 
8  1,022,304   720,352   -   178,995   192   1,921,843  20    7,899 
9  586,753   386,751   -   154,323   814   1,128,641  11    10,231 
10  479,752   80,543   -   116,512   1,529   678,336  7    8,938 
11  468,761   -   -   58,432   1,558   528,751  5    10,457 
12  168,556   -   -   21,674   190   190,420  2    3,337 
13  124,950   -   338,177   50,353   13,147   526,627  5    9,814 
14,15,16  248,026   362   20,518   93,701   17,469   380,076  4    37,130 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,490,278   1,824,347   358,695   1,075,052   43,666   9,792,038  98    98,233 
Individually evaluated for impairment  70,614   -   53,022   34,878   14,639   173,153  2    17,955 
Total commercial loans$ 6,560,892 $ 1,824,347 $ 411,717 $ 1,109,930 $ 58,305 $ 9,965,191  100 $ 116,188 

  • Balances as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, presented net of $29.4 million and $34.2 million, respectively, in lower of cost or market (“LOCOM”) valuation allowance. Based on the underlying structure of the notes, the highest possible internal grade is "13".
  • Balance as of December 31, 2013, excludes PCI loans amounting to $45.9 million.
  • Allowance excludes $.8 million related to PCI loans as of December 31, 2013.

The retail portfolio is comprised primarily of smaller-balance loans which are very similar in nature in that most are standard products and are backed by residential real estate. Because of the similarities of retail loan-types, FHN is able to utilize the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score, among other attributes, to assess the quality of consumer borrowers. FICO scores are refreshed on a quarterly basis in an attempt to reflect the recent risk profile of the borrowers. Accruing delinquency amounts are indicators of asset quality within the credit card and other retail portfolio.

The following tables reflect period-end balances and average FICO scores by origination vintage for the HELOC, real estate installment, and permanent mortgage classes of loans as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:
                    
HELOC                  
  December 31, 2013 December 31, 2012 
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period End OriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalance FICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2003$ 79,550  711  701 $ 121,429  716  708 
2003  141,215  725  711   224,840  733  724 
2004  395,323  727  716   492,482  727  718 
2005  531,839  732  720   616,956  734  719 
2006  383,366  740  726   455,425  741  727 
2007  406,299  744  728   480,057  745  728 
2008  223,110  753  747   259,298  755  748 
2009  115,863  750  744   142,069  752  747 
2010  114,393  753  749   141,286  754  751 
2011  112,595  758  753   137,966  760  758 
2012  138,373  759  760   154,883  761  759 
2013  164,665  759  762   -   -   - 
Total$2,806,591  740  730 $ 3,226,691  741  730 

                    
R/E Installment LoansDecember 31, 2013December 31, 2012
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period End Origination Refreshed Period End Origination Refreshed 
Origination VintageBalance  FICO FICO Balance FICO FICO 
pre-2003$ 23,827  681  683 $ 36,982  686  684 
2003  74,451  716  725   111,571  720  728 
2004  54,240  701  700   72,280  705  705 
2005  161,205  717  711   209,290  718  712 
2006  173,994  715  701   224,722  718  704 
2007  249,198  725  709   317,846  727  711 
2008  85,192  723  720   113,279  727  722 
2009  38,842  742  737   59,800  746  743 
2010  125,094  748  755   153,172  746  753 
2011  335,343  760  760   409,574  760  762 
2012  690,461  764  764   753,496  764  761 
2013  514,933  757  754   -   -   - 
Total$2,526,780  746  742 $2,462,012  743  738 

                    
Permanent MortgageDecember 31, 2013December 31, 2012
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalanceFICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2004$ 194,369  725  725 $ 200,999  725  728 
2004  22,720  713  694   29,948  714  691 
2005  40,272  737  712   49,055  740  713 
2006  79,367  730  711   92,863  733  713 
2007  223,440  734  710   267,367  734  711 
2008  102,074  741  714   125,351  741  712 
Total$ 662,242  731  714 $ 765,583  732  711 
                    

The following table reflects accruing delinquency amounts for the credit card and other portfolio classes as of December 31:
             
 Credit Card Other 
(Dollars in thousands)2013 2012 2013 2012 
Accruing delinquent balances:            
30-89 days past due$ 1,792 $ 1,731 $ 996 $ 626 
90+ days past due  1,369   1,707   394   126 
Total$ 3,161 $ 3,438 $ 1,390 $ 752 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

 

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on December 31, 2013: 
                             
  Accruing Non-Accruing   
     30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total    
     Days Days Total    Days Days Non- Total 
(Dollars in thousands)Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Loans 
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,701,185 $ 8,606 $ 425 $ 6,710,216 $ 19,039 $ 3,668 $ 20,042 $ 42,749 $ 6,752,965 
Loans to mortgage companies  790,463   -   -   790,463   -   -   146   146   790,609 
TRUPs (a)  336,043   -   -   336,043   -   -   36,864   36,864   372,907 
Purchased credit impaired loans  5,710   -   1,385   7,095   -   -   -   -   7,095 
Total commercial (C&I)  7,833,401   8,606   1,810   7,843,817   19,039   3,668   57,052   79,759   7,923,576 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,030,910   5,822   -   1,036,732   4,339   395   11,688   16,422   1,053,154 
Residential CRE  39,295   323   -   39,618   130   -   1,549   1,679   41,297 
Purchased credit impaired loans  34,786   2,964   1,078   38,828   -   -   -   -   38,828 
Total commercial real estate  1,104,991   9,109   1,078   1,115,178   4,469   395   13,237   18,101   1,133,279 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC  2,688,193   25,609   14,683   2,728,485   59,385   5,261   13,460   78,106   2,806,591 
R/E installment loans  2,466,647   12,951   6,801   2,486,399   29,221   3,120   7,151   39,492   2,525,891 
Purchased credit impaired loans  889   -   -   889   -   -   -   -   889 
Total consumer real estate  5,155,729   38,560   21,484   5,215,773   88,606   8,381   20,611   117,598   5,333,371 
Permanent mortgage  606,707   11,235   6,129   624,071   14,868   952   22,351   38,171   662,242 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  182,798   1,792   1,369   185,959   -   -   -   -   185,959 
Other  147,846   996   394   149,236   1,397   -   -   1,397   150,633 
Purchased credit impaired loans  14   -   -   14   -   -   -   -   14 
Total credit card & other  330,658   2,788   1,763   335,209   1,397   -   -   1,397   336,606 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 15,031,486 $ 70,298 $ 32,264 $ 15,134,048 $ 128,379 $ 13,396 $ 113,251 $ 255,026 $ 15,389,074 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $29.4 million.

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on December 31, 2012: 
                            
 Accruing Non-Accruing   
    30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total     
     Days Days Total     Days Days Non- Total  
(Dollars in thousands) CurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingCurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingLoans
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,473,770 $ 17,484 $ 422 $ 6,491,676 $ 28,553 $ 3,631 $ 37,032 $ 69,216 $ 6,560,892 
Loans to mortgage companies  1,822,471   1,514   -   1,823,985   -   -   362   362   1,824,347 
TRUPs (a)  358,695   -   -   358,695   -   -   53,022   53,022   411,717 
Total commercial (C&I)  8,654,936   18,998   422   8,674,356   28,553   3,631   90,416   122,600   8,796,956 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,072,436   4,535   -   1,076,971   8,336   920   23,703   32,959   1,109,930 
Residential CRE  45,694   -   -   45,694   1,531   -   11,080   12,611   58,305 
Total commercial real estate  1,118,130   4,535   -   1,122,665   9,867   920   34,783   45,570   1,168,235 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC   3,137,361   29,704   21,446   3,188,511   25,254   2,263   10,663   38,180   3,226,691 
R/E installment loans  2,409,336   17,454   8,957   2,435,747   17,272   2,394   6,599   26,265   2,462,012 
Total consumer real estate  5,546,697   47,158   30,403   5,624,258   42,526   4,657   17,262   64,445   5,688,703 
Permanent mortgage  715,425   7,845   9,592   732,862   11,426   2,542   18,753   32,721   765,583 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  179,171   1,731   1,707   182,609   -   -   -   -   182,609 
Other  104,046   626   126   104,798   1,698   -   -   1,698   106,496 
Total credit card & other  283,217   2,357   1,833   287,407   1,698   -   -   1,698   289,105 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 16,318,405 $ 80,893 $ 42,250 $ 16,441,548 $ 94,070 $ 11,750 $ 161,214 $ 267,034 $ 16,708,582 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $34.2 million.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

As part of FHN's ongoing risk management practices, FHN attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately. FHN considers regulatory guidelines when restructuring loans to ensure that prudent lending practices are followed. As such, qualification criteria and payment terms consider the borrower's current and prospective ability to comply with the modified terms of the loan.

A modification is classified as a TDR if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and it is determined that FHN has granted a concession to the borrower. FHN may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of a borrower's financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty, particularly as it relates to commercial borrowers due to the complex nature of loan structures, business/industry risk, and borrower/guarantor structures. Concessions could include reductions of interest rates, extension of the maturity date at a rate lower than current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, reduction of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. When evaluating whether a concession has been granted, FHN also considers whether the borrower has provided additional collateral or guarantors, among other things, and whether such additions adequately compensate FHN for the restructured terms. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty and whether a concession has been granted is subjective in nature and management's judgment is required when determining whether a modification is classified as a TDR.

For all classes within the commercial portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through forbearance agreements (generally 6 to 12 months). Forbearance agreements could include reduced interest rates, reduced payments, release of guarantor in exchange for payment, or entering into short sale agreements. FHN's proprietary modification programs for consumer loans are generally structured using parameters of U.S. government-sponsored programs such as Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”). Within the HELOC and R/E installment loans classes of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 1 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. Permanent mortgage TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 2 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. After 5 years the interest rate steps up 1 percent every year thereafter until it reaches the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," "Freddie," or "FHLMC") Weekly Survey Rate cap. Contractual maturities may be extended to 40 years on permanent mortgages and to 30 years for consumer real estate loans. Within the credit card class of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through either a short-term credit card hardship program or a longer-term credit card workout program. In the credit card hardship program, borrowers may be granted rate and payment reductions for 6 months to 1 year. In the credit card workout program, customers are granted a rate reduction to 0 percent and term extensions for up to 5 years to pay off the remaining balance.

In 2012, the OCC clarified that the discharge of personal liability through bankruptcy proceedings should be considered a concession. As a result, FHN classified all non-reaffirmed residential real estate loans after bankruptcy as nonaccruing TDRs in third quarter 2012.

On December 31, 2013 and 2012, FHN had $352.3 million and $358.0 million portfolio loans classified as TDRs, respectively. For TDRs in the loan portfolio, FHN had loan loss reserves of $64.6 million and $58.9 million, or 18 percent as of December 31, 2013, and 16 percent as of December 31, 2012. Additionally, FHN had restructured $193.9 million and $178.2 million of loans held-for-sale as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The following table reflects portfolio loans that were classified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012: 
                  
  2013 2012 
    Pre-Modification Post-Modification   Pre-Modification Post-Modification 
    Outstanding Outstanding   Outstanding Outstanding 
(Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment 
Commercial (C&I):                
General C&I 13 $ 17,968 $ 17,784  25 $ 24,451 $ 24,620 
 Total commercial (C&I) 13   17,968   17,784  25   24,451   24,620 
Commercial real estate:                
Income CRE 5   4,221   4,187  10   13,381   12,836 
Residential CRE -   -   -  2   88   87 
 Total commercial real estate 5   4,221   4,187  12   13,469   12,923 
Consumer real estate:                
HELOC 354   26,606   26,224  901   35,078   34,852 
R/E installment loans 426   30,400   30,104  738   31,870   30,993 
 Total consumer real estate 780   57,006   56,328  1,639   66,948   65,845 
Permanent mortgage 49   18,716   19,184  140   74,245   74,055 
Credit card & other 50   233   221  201   1,121   1,081 
Total troubled debt restructurings 897 $ 98,144 $ 97,704  2,017 $ 180,234 $ 178,524 

The following table presents TDRs which re-defaulted during 2013 and 2012 and as to which the modification occurred 12 months or less prior to the re-default. Financing receivables that became classified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the period are calculated by first identifying TDRs that were in default during the period and then determining whether they were modified within the 12 months prior to the default. For purposes of this disclosure, FHN generally defines payment default as a loan being 30 or more days past due.
            
  2013 2012 
    Recorded   Recorded 
(Dollars in thousands)Number Investment Number Investment 
Commercial (C&I):          
General C&I 11 $ 6,705  38 $ 29,295 
 Total commercial (C&I) 11   6,705  38   29,295 
Commercial real estate:          
Income CRE 4   1,548  23   20,172 
Residential CRE 1   33  4   292 
 Total commercial real estate 5   1,581  27   20,464 
Consumer real estate:          
HELOC 13   604  34   3,722 
R/E installment loans 8   428  36   3,619 
 Total consumer real estate 21   1,032  70   7,341 
Permanent mortgage 17   7,832  15   6,014 
Credit card & other 17   65  20   72 
Total troubled debt restructurings 71 $ 17,215  170 $ 63,186 

The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent upon modification into a TDR. For commercial loans, nonaccrual TDRs that are reasonably assured of repayment according to their modified terms may be returned to accrual status by FHN upon a detailed credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms. For consumer loans, FHN's evaluation supporting the decision to return a modified loan to accrual status includes consideration of the borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period prior to the date on which the loan is returned to accrual status, which is generally a minimum of six months. FHN may also consider a borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable time prior to the restructuring in assessing whether the borrower can meet the restructured terms, as it may indicate that the borrower is capable of servicing the level of debt under the modified terms. Otherwise, FHN will continue to classify restructured loans as nonaccrual. Consistent with regulatory guidance, upon sustained performance and classification as a TDR over FHN's year-end, the loan will be removed from TDR status as long as the modified terms were market-based at the time of modification.