Derivative financial instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative financial instruments

18.    Derivative financial instruments

As part of managing interest rate risk, the Company enters into interest rate swap agreements to modify the repricing characteristics of certain portions of the Company’s portfolios of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company designates interest rate swap agreements utilized in the management of interest rate risk as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Interest rate swap agreements are generally entered into with counterparties that meet established credit standards and most contain master netting and collateral provisions protecting the at-risk party. Based on adherence to the Company’s credit standards and the presence of the netting and collateral provisions, the Company believes that the credit risk inherent in these contracts was not significant as of December 31, 2016.

The net effect of interest rate swap agreements was to increase net interest income by $37 million in 2016, $44 million in 2015 and $45 million in 2014. The average notional amounts of interest rate swap agreements impacting net interest income that were entered into for interest rate risk management purposes were $1.4 billion in each of 2016, 2015 and 2014.

Information about interest rate swap agreements entered into for interest rate risk management purposes summarized by type of financial instrument the swap agreements were intended to hedge follows:

	Notional		Average		Weighted- Average Rate						Estimated Fair
	Amount		Maturity		Fixed			Variable			Value Gain
	(In thousands)		(In years)								(In thousands)
December 31, 2016
Fair value hedges:
Fixed rate long-term borrowings(a)	$	900,000		1.1		3.75	%		2.08	%	$	11,892
December 31, 2015
Fair value hedges:
Fixed rate long-term borrowings(a)	$	1,400,000		1.7		4.42	%		1.39	%	$	43,892

(a) Under the terms of these agreements, the Company receives settlement amounts at a fixed rate and pays at a variable rate.

The notional amount of interest rate swap agreements entered into for risk management purposes that were outstanding at December 31, 2016 mature as follows:

	(In thousands)
Year ending December 31:
2017	$	400,000
2018		500,000
	$	900,000

The Company utilizes commitments to sell residential and commercial real estate loans to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of real estate loans held for sale. Such commitments have generally been designated as fair value hedges. The Company also utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to offset the exposure to changes in fair value of certain commitments to originate real estate loans for sale.

Derivative financial instruments used for trading account purposes included interest rate contracts, foreign exchange and other option contracts, foreign exchange forward and spot contracts, and financial futures. Interest rate contracts entered into for trading account purposes had notional values of $21.6 billion and $18.4 billion at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The notional amounts of foreign currency and other option and futures contracts entered into for trading account purposes aggregated $471 million and $1.6 billion at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Information about the fair values of derivative instruments in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of income follows:

	Asset Derivatives				Liability Derivatives
	Fair Value				Fair Value
	December 31				December 31
	2016		2015		2016		2015
	(In thousands)
Derivatives designated and qualifying as hedging instruments
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap agreements(a)	$	11,892	$	43,892	$	—	$	—
Commitments to sell real estate loans(a)		33,189		1,844		1,347		656
		45,081		45,736		1,347		656
Derivatives not designated and qualifying as hedging instruments
Mortgage-related commitments to originate real estate loans for    sale(a)		8,060		10,282		735		403
Commitments to sell real estate loans(a)		5,210		533		399		846
Trading:
Interest rate contracts(b)		228,810		203,517		167,737		153,723
Foreign exchange and other option and futures contracts(b)		7,908		8,569		6,639		7,022
		249,988		222,901		175,510		161,994
Total derivatives	$	295,069	$	268,637	$	176,857	$	162,650

(a) Asset derivatives are reported in other assets and liability derivatives are reported in other liabilities.

(b) Asset derivatives are reported in trading account assets and liability derivatives are reported in other liabilities.

	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
	Year Ended December 31, 2016					Year Ended December 31, 2015					Year Ended December 31, 2014
	Derivative			Hedged Item		Derivative			Hedged Item		Derivative			Hedged Item
	(In thousands)
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate swap agreements:
Fixed rate long-term borrowings(a)	$	(32,000	)		30,906	$	(29,359	)		28,719	$	(29,624	)		28,870
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Trading:
Interest rate contracts(b)	$	14,042				$	10,755				$	3,398
Foreign exchange and other option and futures    contracts(b)		7,665					9,337					7,670
Total	$	21,707				$	20,092				$	11,068

(a) Reported as other revenues from operations.

(b) Reported as trading account and foreign exchange gains.

The Company also has commitments to sell and commitments to originate residential and commercial real estate loans that are considered derivatives. The Company designates certain of the commitments to sell real estate loans as fair value hedges of real estate loans held for sale. The Company also utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to offset the exposure to changes in the fair value of certain commitments to originate real estate loans for sale. As a result of these activities, net unrealized pre-tax gains related to hedged loans held for sale, commitments to originate loans for sale and commitments to sell loans were approximately $28 million and $18 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Changes in unrealized gains and losses are included in mortgage banking revenues and, in general, are realized in subsequent periods as the related loans are sold and commitments satisfied.

The Company does not offset derivative asset and liability positions in its consolidated financial statements. The Company’s exposure to credit risk by entering into derivative contracts is mitigated through master netting agreements and collateral posting requirements. Master netting agreements covering interest rate and foreign exchange contracts with the same party include a right to set-off that becomes enforceable in the event of default, early termination or under other specific conditions.

The aggregate fair value of derivative financial instruments in a liability position, which are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, was $34 million and $59 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. After consideration of such netting arrangements, the net liability positions with counterparties aggregated $30 million and $55 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company was required to post collateral relating to those positions of $27 million and $52 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Certain of the Company’s derivative financial instruments contain provisions that require the Company to maintain specific credit ratings from credit rating agencies to avoid higher collateral posting requirements. If the Company’s debt ratings were to fall below specified ratings, the counterparties to the derivative financial instruments could demand immediate incremental collateralization on those instruments in a net liability position. The aggregate fair value of all derivative financial instruments with such credit risk-related contingent features in a net liability position on December 31, 2016 was $2 million, for which the Company was not required to post collateral in the normal course of business. If the credit risk-related contingent features had been triggered on December 31, 2016, the maximum amount of additional collateral the Company would have been required to post with counterparties was $2 million.

The aggregate fair value of derivative financial instruments in an asset position, which are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, was $15 million and $23 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. After consideration of such netting arrangements, the net asset positions with counterparties aggregated $11 million and $19 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Counterparties posted collateral relating to those positions of $9 million and $22 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Trading account interest rate swap agreements entered into with customers are subject to the Company’s credit risk standards and often contain collateral provisions.

In addition to the derivative contracts noted above, the Company clears certain derivative transactions through a clearinghouse, rather than directly with counterparties. Those transactions cleared through a clearinghouse require initial margin collateral and additional collateral depending on the contracts being in a net asset or liability position. The amount of initial margin posted by the Company was $111 million and $52 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The net fair values of derivative instruments cleared through clearinghouses for which variation margin is required was a net asset position of $63 million at December 31, 2016. Collateral posted by the clearinghouses associated with that net asset position was $81 million at December 31, 2016. The net fair values of derivative instruments cleared through clearinghouses for which variation margin is required was a net liability position of $50 million at December 31, 2015. Collateral posted by the Company associated with that net liability position was $47 million at December 31, 2015.