LHFI and ACL, LHFI (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]

Loan Portfolio Held for Investment

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, LHFI consisted of the following ($ in thousands):

	December 31,
	2024		2023
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	587,244	$	642,886
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		650,550		622,397
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		3,533,282		3,489,434
Other real estate secured		1,633,830		1,312,551
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		829,904		867,793
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		2,298,993		2,282,318
Commercial and industrial loans		1,840,722		1,922,910
Consumer loans		156,569		165,734
State and other political subdivision loans		969,836		1,088,466
Other commercial loans and leases		589,012		556,035
LHFI		13,089,942		12,950,524
Less ACL		160,270		139,367
Net LHFI	$	12,929,672	$	12,811,157

Schedule of Amortized Cost Basis of Loans on Nonaccrual Status

The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest at December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	December 31, 2024
	Nonaccrual With No ACL		Total Nonaccrual		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More Still Accruing
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	—	$	366	$	159
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		521		7,275		266
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		426		13,061		—
Other real estate secured		1,904		1,984		—
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		1,533		31,583		3,253
Commercial and industrial loans		16		24,525		—
Consumer loans		—		236		414
Other commercial loans and leases		—		1,079		—
Total	$	4,400	$	80,109	$	4,092

	December 31, 2023
	Nonaccrual With No ACL		Total Nonaccrual		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More Still Accruing
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	2,020	$	2,642	$	—
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		946		6,518		1,238
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		20,812		23,061		54
Other real estate secured		—		158		106
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		—		62		—
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		3,235		43,815		3,740
Commercial and industrial loans		79		22,303		24
Consumer loans		—		243		628
Other commercial loans and leases		—		1,206		—
Total	$	27,092	$	100,008	$	5,790

Aging Analysis of Past Due and Nonaccrual LHFI by Loan Type

The following tables provide an aging analysis of the amortized cost basis of past due LHFI (including nonaccrual loans) at December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	December 31, 2024
	Past Due
					90 Days		Total		Current
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		or More		Past Due		Loans		Total LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	199	$	—	$	324	$	523	$	586,721	$	587,244
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		5,656		1,821		3,223		10,700		639,850		650,550
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		1,488		380		3,111		4,979		3,528,303		3,533,282
Other real estate secured		1,979		—		28		2,007		1,631,823		1,633,830
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		—		—		—		—		829,904		829,904
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		17,898		7,111		21,524		46,533		2,252,460		2,298,993
Commercial and industrial loans		1,114		13,300		8,835		23,249		1,817,473		1,840,722
Consumer loans		1,930		600		414		2,944		153,625		156,569
State and other political subdivision loans		24		—		—		24		969,812		969,836
Other commercial loans and leases		168		67		69		304		588,708		589,012
Total	$	30,456	$	23,279	$	37,528	$	91,263	$	12,998,679	$	13,089,942

	December 31, 2023
	Past Due
					90 Days		Total		Current
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		or More		Past Due		Loans		Total LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	93	$	507	$	2,362	$	2,962	$	639,924	$	642,886
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		4,493		1,687		2,716		8,896		613,501		622,397
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		1,531		1,063		727		3,321		3,486,113		3,489,434
Other real estate secured		126		—		207		333		1,312,218		1,312,551
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		62		—		—		62		867,731		867,793
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		19,298		9,327		22,164		50,789		2,231,529		2,282,318
Commercial and industrial loans		11,881		484		499		12,864		1,910,046		1,922,910
Consumer loans		2,112		772		647		3,531		162,203		165,734
State and other political subdivision loans		152		—		—		152		1,088,314		1,088,466
Other commercial loans and leases		1,247		58		—		1,305		554,730		556,035
Total	$	40,995	$	13,898	$	29,322	$	84,215	$	12,866,309	$	12,950,524

Impact of Modifications Classified as Troubled Debt Restructurings

The following tables present the amortized cost of LHFI at the end of each of the periods presented of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty disaggregated by class of loan and type of modification ($ in thousands). The percentage of the amortized cost basis of LHFI that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of LHFI is also presented below:

	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Payment Concessions		Term Extensions		Total		% of Total Class of Loan
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties	$	—	$	3,456	$	3,456		0.53	%
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		129		129		0.01	%
Commercial and industrial loans		6,207		—		6,207		0.34	%
Total	$	6,207	$	3,585	$	9,792		0.07	%

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Payment Concessions		Term Extensions		Total		% of Total Class of Loan
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties	$	—	$	805	$	805		0.13	%
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		—		359		359		0.01	%
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		1,148		1,148		0.05	%
Commercial and industrial loans		242		—		242		0.01	%
Consumer loans		—		36		36		0.02	%
Other commercial loans and leases		116		31		147		0.03	%
Total	$	358	$	2,379	$	2,737		0.02	%

Troubled debt restructurings on financial effect

The following tables detail the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the periods presented:

	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Financial Effect
	Payment Concessions	Term Extensions
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		Modified five loans and twenty-five lines of credit to amortize over 24 month terms
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		Modified nine loans to amortize over weighted average 35 months
Commercial and industrial loans	Thirty-four month principal payment deferral

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Financial Effect
	Payment Concessions	Term Extensions
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		Modified lines of credit to amortize over 12 month and 24 month terms
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		One loan renewed and extended maturity by six months
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		Extended amortization with term adjusted by weighted-average 3.4 years
Commercial and industrial loans	Six month payment deferrals
Consumer loans		Bankruptcies extended amortization with term adjusted by weighted average 1.3 years reducing borrower payment
Other commercial loans and leases	Six month payment deferrals	One loan renewed and extended maturity by seven months

Past Due Modifications Related To Loans Held For Investment

The following tables provide details of the performance of such LHFI that have been modified during the periods presented ($ in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Past Due
					90 Days		Total		Current
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		or More		Past Due		Loans		Total
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties	$	739	$	128	$	50	$	917	$	2,539	$	3,456
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		—		—		—		129		129
Commercial and industrial loans		—		—		6,207		6,207		—		6,207
Total	$	739	$	128	$	6,257	$	7,124	$	2,668	$	9,792

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Past Due
					90 Days		Total		Current
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		or More		Past Due		Loans		Total
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties	$	290	$	17	$	—	$	307	$	498	$	805
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		—		—		—		—		359		359
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		64		—		—		64		1,084		1,148
Commercial and industrial loans		—		—		—		—		242		242
Consumer loans		17		—		—		17		19		36
Other commercial loans and leases		—		—		—		—		147		147
Total	$	371	$	17	$	—	$	388	$	2,349	$	2,737

Schedule Of Amortized Cost Basis Of Collateral Dependent Loans by Class of Loans

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans and collateral type at December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	December 31, 2024
	Real Estate		Vehicles		Miscellaneous		Total
Loans secured by real estate:
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties	$	521	$	—	$	—	$	521
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		9,783		—		—		9,783
Other real estate secured		1,904		—		—		1,904
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		1,533		—		—		1,533
Commercial and industrial loans		—		1,818		20,685		22,503
Other commercial loans and leases		—		—		896		896
Total	$	13,741	$	1,818	$	21,581	$	37,140

	December 31, 2023
	Real Estate		Vehicles		Miscellaneous		Total
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	2,020	$	—	$	—	$	2,020
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		946		—		—		946
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		20,812		—		—		20,812
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		3,235		—		—		3,235
Commercial and industrial loans		38		41		21,023		21,102
Other commercial loans and leases		—		—		967		967
Total	$	27,051	$	41	$	21,990	$	49,082

Carrying Amount of Loans by Credit Quality Indicator

The tables below present the amortized cost basis of loans by credit quality indicator and class of loans based on analyses performed at December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022			2021			2020		Prior			Revolving Loans		Total
As of December 31, 2024	Commercial LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development    and other land:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	324,775	$	83,503	$	33,580		$	23,124		$	8,145	$	1,587		$	42,469	$	517,183
Special Mention - RR 7		2,165		—		—			—			—		—			2,002		4,167
Substandard - RR 8		17		62		226			983			—		—			176		1,464
Doubtful - RR 9		—		—		—			—			—		—			—		—
Total		326,957		83,565		33,806			24,107			8,145		1,587			44,647		522,814
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—		—			—			—		(24	)		—		(24	)
Other secured by 1-4 family residential    properties:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	31,013	$	24,339	$	22,693		$	24,090		$	11,635	$	2,106		$	7,742	$	123,618
Special Mention - RR 7		27		—		—			32			—		—			—		59
Substandard - RR 8		125		375		555			328			—		191			27		1,601
Doubtful - RR 9		—		—		—			—			—		—			—		—
Total		31,165		24,714		23,248			24,450			11,635		2,297			7,769		125,278
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—		—			—			—		(16	)		—		(16	)
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential    properties:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	542,747	$	441,159	$	880,511		$	429,929		$	464,504	$	392,802		$	127,812	$	3,279,464
Special Mention - RR 7		16,266		—		52,093			—			17,978		3,335			—		89,672
Substandard - RR 8		10,007		7,321		41,686			37,915			25,601		41,598			—		164,128
Doubtful - RR 9		11		—		—			—			—		7			—		18
Total		569,031		448,480		974,290			467,844			508,083		437,742			127,812		3,533,282
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—		—			(2,529	)		—		(16	)		—		(2,545	)
Other real estate secured:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	152,314	$	157,827	$	726,814		$	233,861		$	137,786	$	43,478		$	7,434	$	1,459,514
Special Mention - RR 7		—		7,450		15,481			41,019			—		—			263		64,213
Substandard - RR 8		14,610		—		26,685			42,636			252		25,419			244		109,846
Doubtful - RR 9		—		—		—			—			—		—			—		—
Total		166,924		165,277		768,980			317,516			138,038		68,897			7,941		1,633,573
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—		(89	)		—			—		—			—		(89	)

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2024			2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans			Total
As of December 31, 2024	Commercial LHFI
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	115,221		$	410,064		$	201,526		$	20,647		$	—		$	—		$	18,400		$	765,858
Special Mention - RR 7		—			2,250			24,557			—			—			—			—			26,807
Substandard - RR 8		—			—			17,820			—			19,419			—			—			37,239
Doubtful - RR 9		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		115,221			412,314			243,903			20,647			19,419			—			18,400			829,904
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			(14	)		(2,493	)		—			—			—			—			(2,507	)
Commercial and industrial loans:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	505,557		$	365,724		$	231,875		$	98,318		$	45,551		$	27,456		$	462,740		$	1,737,221
Special Mention - RR 7		—			564			14,066			15			—			—			13,836			28,481
Substandard - RR 8		7,204			1,113			39,698			5,091			891			12,905			7,598			74,500
Doubtful - RR 9		227			—			35			145			1			2			110			520
Total		512,988			367,401			285,674			103,569			46,443			40,363			484,284			1,840,722
Current period gross    charge-offs		(341	)		(1,211	)		(640	)		(3,251	)		(158	)		(3,132	)		(315	)		(9,048	)
State and other political subdivision loans:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	156,130		$	82,532		$	212,528		$	135,251		$	78,543		$	302,709		$	2,143		$	969,836
Special Mention - RR 7		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Substandard - RR 8		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Doubtful - RR 9		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		156,130			82,532			212,528			135,251			78,543			302,709			2,143			969,836
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Other commercial loans and leases:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	157,619		$	148,099		$	7,371		$	9,800		$	15,606		$	45,227		$	203,345		$	587,067
Special Mention - RR 7		—			—			116			48			—			—			—			164
Substandard - RR 8		55			682			116			12			—			—			901			1,766
Doubtful - RR 9		9			—			6			—			—			—			—			15
Total		157,683			148,781			7,609			9,860			15,606			45,227			204,246			589,012
Current period gross    charge-offs		(25	)		—			(38	)		—			—			(32	)		—			(95	)
Total commercial LHFI	$	2,036,099		$	1,733,064		$	2,550,038		$	1,103,244		$	825,912		$	898,822		$	897,242		$	10,044,421
Total commercial LHFI    gross charge-offs	$	(366	)	$	(1,225	)	$	(3,260	)	$	(5,780	)	$	(158	)	$	(3,220	)	$	(315	)	$	(14,324	)

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2024			2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans		Total
As of December 31, 2024	Consumer LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and    other land:
Current	$	31,478		$	22,752		$	4,302		$	2,762		$	930		$	1,804		$	—	$	64,028
Past due 30-89 days		—			47			11			—			—			106			—		164
Past due 90 days or more		91			—			—			68			—			—			—		159
Nonaccrual		—			31			21			4			—			23			—		79
Total		31,569			22,830			4,334			2,834			930			1,933			—		64,430
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			—			—			—			—			(8	)		—		(8	)
Other secured by 1-4 family residential    properties:
Current	$	24,756		$	17,202		$	6,733		$	5,260		$	3,651		$	9,563		$	445,598	$	512,763
Past due 30-89 days		569			38			67			66			3			579			4,524		5,846
Past due 90 days or more		21			—			8			—			—			17			219		265
Nonaccrual		71			5			69			44			103			593			5,513		6,398
Total		25,417			17,245			6,877			5,370			3,757			10,752			455,854		525,272
Current period gross    charge-offs		(29	)		(87	)		(233	)		(40	)		(31	)		(76	)		—		(496	)
Other real estate secured:
Current	$	161		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	68		$	28		$	—	$	257
Past due 30-89 days		—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—
Past due 90 days or more		—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—
Nonaccrual		—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—
Total		161			—			—			—			68			28			—		257
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2024			2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans			Total
As of December 31, 2024	Consumer LHFI
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties
Current	$	274,500		$	224,266		$	808,527		$	459,191		$	161,856		$	314,906		$	—		$	2,243,246
Past due 30-89 days		169			4,405			9,883			4,082			814			1,558			—			20,911
Past due 90 days or more		4			1,263			1,098			461			170			257			—			3,253
Nonaccrual		568			3,744			17,306			5,009			1,394			3,562			—			31,583
Total		275,241			233,678			836,814			468,743			164,234			320,283			—			2,298,993
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			(228	)		(9,910	)		(143	)		(6	)		(17	)		—			(10,304	)
Consumer loans:
Current	$	55,908		$	22,226		$	12,922		$	4,654		$	1,188		$	105		$	56,423		$	153,426
Past due 30-89 days		844			396			323			4			—			13			913			2,493
Past due 90 days or more		38			67			17			4			—			—			288			414
Nonaccrual		25			49			63			61			19			—			19			236
Total		56,815			22,738			13,325			4,723			1,207			118			57,643			156,569
Current period gross    charge-offs		(5,929	)		(785	)		(470	)		(131	)		(100	)		(337	)		(2,065	)		(9,817	)
Total consumer LHFI	$	389,203		$	296,491		$	861,350		$	481,670		$	170,196		$	333,114		$	513,497		$	3,045,521
Total consumer LHFI    gross charge-offs	$	(5,958	)	$	(1,100	)	$	(10,613	)	$	(314	)	$	(137	)	$	(438	)	$	(2,065	)	$	(20,625	)
Total LHFI	$	2,425,302		$	2,029,555		$	3,411,388		$	1,584,914		$	996,108		$	1,231,936		$	1,410,739		$	13,089,942
Total current period    gross charge-offs	$	(6,324	)	$	(2,325	)	$	(13,873	)	$	(6,094	)	$	(295	)	$	(3,658	)	$	(2,380	)	$	(34,949	)

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2023		2022			2021			2020		2019			Prior			Revolving Loans		Total
As of December 31, 2023	Commercial LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development    and other land:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	359,813	$	98,742		$	35,095		$	10,591	$	2,036		$	1,961		$	52,351	$	560,589
Special Mention - RR 7		—		—			360			—		—			—			—		360
Substandard - RR 8		606		336			1,512			19		—			21			—		2,494
Doubtful - RR 9		—		—			—			—		—			24			—		24
Total		360,419		99,078			36,967			10,610		2,036			2,006			52,351		563,467
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		(4	)		(10	)		—		(228	)		—			—		(242	)
Other secured by 1-4 family residential    properties:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	33,072	$	30,760		$	29,159		$	14,309	$	8,084		$	2,822		$	10,077	$	128,283
Special Mention - RR 7		—		82			48			10		—			—			—		140
Substandard - RR 8		220		625			157			22		80			306			98		1,508
Doubtful - RR 9		—		—			—			—		—			—			—		—
Total		33,292		31,467			29,364			14,341		8,164			3,128			10,175		129,931
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—			(24	)		—		—			(6	)		—		(30	)
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential    properties:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	501,327	$	919,519		$	526,412		$	596,240	$	323,687		$	369,250		$	129,142	$	3,365,577
Special Mention - RR 7		4,271		14,930			—			138		23,966			—			—		43,305
Substandard - RR 8		6,332		1,964			47,491			10,809		8,614			5,200			48		80,458
Doubtful - RR 9		21		—			—			—		53			13			—		87
Total		511,951		936,413			573,903			607,187		356,320			374,463			129,190		3,489,427
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		(39	)		(82	)		—		(19	)		(138	)		—		(278	)
Other real estate secured:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	194,141	$	447,200		$	332,818		$	209,757	$	56,024		$	11,080		$	8,880	$	1,259,900
Special Mention - RR 7		126		2,076			—			—		35,881			—			—		38,083
Substandard - RR 8		—		14,064			—			290		—			39			—		14,393
Doubtful - RR 9		42		—			—			—		—			—			—		42
Total		194,309		463,340			332,818			210,047		91,905			11,119			8,880		1,312,418
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—			—			—		—			—			—		—

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2023			2022			2021			2020			2019			Prior			Revolving Loans			Total
As of December 31, 2023	Commercial LHFI
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	179,676		$	518,062		$	149,883		$	14,062		$	—		$	6		$	6,042		$	867,731
Special Mention - RR 7		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Substandard - RR 8		62			—			—			—			—			—			—			62
Doubtful - RR 9		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		179,738			518,062			149,883			14,062			—			6			6,042			867,793
Current period gross    charge-offs		(61	)		—			(3,392	)		—			—			—			—			(3,453	)
Commercial and industrial loans:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	497,730		$	474,737		$	158,659		$	80,646		$	31,876		$	44,972		$	537,527		$	1,826,147
Special Mention - RR 7		12,570			10,141			3,149			1,381			110			—			126			27,477
Substandard - RR 8		4,797			16,872			13,909			11,958			40			80			21,528			69,184
Doubtful - RR 9		6			58			1			—			—			25			12			102
Total		515,103			501,808			175,718			93,985			32,026			45,077			559,193			1,922,910
Current period gross    charge-offs		(42	)		(1,071	)		(700	)		(138	)		(95	)		(108	)		(7	)		(2,161	)
State and other political subdivision loans:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	152,157		$	247,034		$	174,812		$	99,786		$	32,118		$	377,225		$	5,334		$	1,088,466
Special Mention - RR 7		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Substandard - RR 8		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Doubtful - RR 9		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		152,157			247,034			174,812			99,786			32,118			377,225			5,334			1,088,466
Current period gross    charge-offs		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Other commercial loans and leases:
Pass - RR 1 through RR 6	$	211,402		$	48,947		$	30,071		$	21,377		$	32,837		$	8,468		$	201,339		$	554,441
Special Mention - RR 7		—			—			—			208			—			—			20			228
Substandard - RR 8		106			211			42			—			—			—			987			1,346
Doubtful - RR 9		—			—			—			—			—			20			—			20
Total		211,508			49,158			30,113			21,585			32,837			8,488			202,346			556,035
Current period gross    charge-offs		(40	)		(248	)		—			(26	)		—			—			—			(314	)
Total commercial LHFI	$	2,158,477		$	2,846,360		$	1,503,578		$	1,071,603		$	555,406		$	821,512		$	973,511		$	9,930,447
Total commercial LHFI    gross charge-offs	$	(143	)	$	(1,362	)	$	(4,208	)	$	(164	)	$	(342	)	$	(252	)	$	(7	)	$	(6,478	)

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2023		2022			2021			2020			2019			Prior			Revolving Loans			Total
As of December 31, 2023	Consumer LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and    other land:
Current	$	44,912	$	23,110		$	5,973		$	1,203		$	1,082		$	1,864		$	653		$	78,797
Past due 30-89 days		—		250			—			—			30			191			—			471
Past due 90 days or more		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Nonaccrual		—		—			148			—			—			3			—			151
Total		44,912		23,360			6,121			1,203			1,112			2,058			653			79,419
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Other secured by 1-4 family residential    properties:
Current	$	29,636	$	11,366		$	5,733		$	4,471		$	4,313		$	7,674		$	417,383		$	480,576
Past due 30-89 days		225		68			74			4			51			220			4,292			4,934
Past due 90 days or more		—		264			—			—			—			41			934			1,239
Nonaccrual		8		76			48			8			—			616			4,961			5,717
Total		29,869		11,774			5,855			4,483			4,364			8,551			427,570			492,466
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		(100	)		(9	)		(2	)		(10	)		(22	)		(147	)		(290	)
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential    properties:
Current	$	—	$	—		$	7		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	7
Past due 30-89 days		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Past due 90 days or more		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Nonaccrual		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		—		—			7			—			—			—			—			7
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Other real estate secured:
Current	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	78		$	—		$	55		$	—		$	133
Past due 30-89 days		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Past due 90 days or more		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Nonaccrual		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Total		—		—			—			78			—			55			—			133
Current period gross    charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—

	Term Loans by Origination Year
	2023			2022			2021			2020			2019			Prior			Revolving Loans			Total
As of December 31, 2023	Consumer LHFI
Other loans secured by real estate:
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties
Current	$	258,800		$	878,893		$	516,324		$	180,272		$	98,552		$	277,664		$	—		$	2,210,505
Past due 30-89 days		3,370			11,293			5,513			2,121			298			1,664			—			24,259
Past due 90 days or more		376			1,219			1,208			682			—			255			—			3,740
Nonaccrual		678			15,586			11,452			4,884			1,848			9,366			—			43,814
Total		263,224			906,991			534,497			187,959			100,698			288,949			—			2,282,318
Current period gross    charge-offs		(64	)		(930	)		(217	)		(104	)		—			(142	)		—			(1,457	)
Consumer loans:
Current	$	59,496		$	32,767		$	10,698		$	2,604		$	917		$	294		$	55,321		$	162,097
Past due 30-89 days		1,274			475			134			34			5			5			839			2,766
Past due 90 days or more		64			44			3			1			—			—			516			628
Nonaccrual		44			65			84			26			—			—			24			243
Total		60,878			33,351			10,919			2,665			922			299			56,700			165,734
Current period gross    charge-offs		(6,138	)		(559	)		(167	)		(43	)		(1	)		(1	)		(2,381	)		(9,290	)
Total consumer LHFI	$	398,883		$	975,476		$	557,399		$	196,388		$	107,096		$	299,912		$	484,923		$	3,020,077
Total consumer LHFI    gross charge-offs	$	(6,202	)	$	(1,589	)	$	(393	)	$	(149	)	$	(11	)	$	(165	)	$	(2,528	)	$	(11,037	)
Total LHFI	$	2,557,360		$	3,821,836		$	2,060,977		$	1,267,991		$	662,502		$	1,121,424		$	1,458,434		$	12,950,524
Total current period    gross charge-offs	$	(6,345	)	$	(2,951	)	$	(4,601	)	$	(313	)	$	(353	)	$	(417	)	$	(2,535	)	$	(17,515	)

Summary of Trustmark's Portfolio Segments, Loan Classes, Loan Pools and the ACL Methodology and Loss Drivers

The following table provides a description of each of Trustmark’s portfolio segments, loan classes, loan pools and the ACL methodology and loss drivers at December 31, 2024:

Portfolio Segment	Loan Class	Loan Pool	Methodology	Loss Drivers
Loans secured by real estate	Construction, land    development and other land	1-4 family residential    construction	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
		Lots and development	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
		Unimproved land	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
		All other consumer	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
	Other secured by 1-4    family residential properties	Consumer 1-4 family - 1st liens	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
		All other consumer	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National CRE Price Index
	Secured by nonfarm,    nonresidential properties	Nonowner-occupied -    hotel/motel	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied - office	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied- Retail	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied - senior    living/nursing homes	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied -    all other	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National CRE Price Index
	Other real estate secured	Nonresidential nonowner    -occupied - apartments	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National CRE Price Index
		Nonowner-occupied -    all other	DCF	National CRE Price Index, Southern Unemployment
Other loans secured by    real estate	Other construction	Other construction	DCF	National CRE Price Index, National Unemployment, BBB 7-10 US CBI
	Secured by 1-4 family    residential properties	Trustmark mortgage	WARM	Southern Unemployment
Commercial and    industrial loans	Commercial and    industrial loans	Commercial and industrial -    non-working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Commercial and industrial -    working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Equipment finance loans	WARM	Southern Unemployment, National GDP
		Credit cards	WARM	Trustmark call report data
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	Credit cards	WARM	Trustmark call report data
		Overdrafts	Loss Rate	Trustmark historical data
		All other consumer	DCF	National HPI, National Unemployment
State and other political    subdivision loans	State and other political    subdivision loans	Obligations of state and    political subdivisions	DCF	Moody's Bond Default Study
Other commercial loans and leases	Other commercial loans and leases	Other loans	DCF	BBB 7-10 US CBI, Southern Unemployment
		Commercial and industrial -    non-working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Commercial and industrial -    working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Equipment finance leases	WARM	Southern Unemployment, National GDP

The following table provides a description of each of Trustmark’s portfolio segments, loan classes, loan pools and the ACL methodology and loss drivers at December 31, 2023:

Portfolio Segment	Loan Class	Loan Pool	Methodology	Loss Drivers
Loans secured by real estate	Construction, land    development and other land	1-4 family residential    construction	DCF	Prime Rate, National GDP
		Lots and development	DCF	Prime Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Unimproved land	DCF	Prime Rate, Southern Unemployment
		All other consumer	DCF	Southern Unemployment
	Other secured by 1-4    family residential    properties	Consumer 1-4 family - 1st liens	DCF	Prime Rate, Southern Unemployment
		All other consumer	DCF	Southern Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National GDP
	Secured by nonfarm,    nonresidential properties	Nonowner-occupied -    hotel/motel	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied - office	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied- Retail	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied - senior    living/nursing homes	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonowner-occupied -    all other	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National GDP
	Other real estate secured	Nonresidential nonowner    -occupied - apartments	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Nonresidential owner-occupied	DCF	Southern Unemployment, National GDP
		Nonowner-occupied -    all other	DCF	Southern Vacancy Rate, Southern Unemployment
Other loans secured by    real estate	Other construction	Other construction	DCF	Prime Rate, National Unemployment
	Secured by 1-4 family    residential properties	Trustmark mortgage	WARM	Southern Unemployment
Commercial and    industrial loans	Commercial and    industrial loans	Commercial and industrial -    non-working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Commercial and industrial -    working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Equipment finance loans	WARM	Southern Unemployment, Southern GDP
		Credit cards	WARM	Trustmark call report data
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	Credit cards	WARM	Trustmark call report data
		Overdrafts	Loss Rate	Trustmark historical data
		All other consumer	DCF	Southern Unemployment
State and other political    subdivision loans	State and other political    subdivision loans	Obligations of state and    political subdivisions	DCF	Moody's Bond Default Study
Other commercial loans and leases	Other commercial loans and leases	Other loans	DCF	Prime Rate, Southern Unemployment
		Commercial and industrial -    non-working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Commercial and industrial -    working capital	DCF	Trustmark historical data
		Equipment finance leases	WARM	Southern Unemployment, Southern GDP

Change in Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables disaggregate the ACL, LHFI and the amortized cost basis of the loans by the measurement methodology used at December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	December 31, 2024
	ACL						LHFI
	Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss		Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss		Total ACL		Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss		Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss		Total LHFI
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	—	$	6,452	$	6,452	$	—		587,244	$	587,244
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		11,347		11,347		521		650,029		650,550
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		2,251		35,645		37,896		9,783		3,523,499		3,533,282
Other real estate secured		—		19,491		19,491		1,904		1,631,926		1,633,830
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		—		13,297		13,297		—		829,904		829,904
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		32,129		32,129		1,533		2,297,460		2,298,993
Commercial and industrial loans		10,518		16,502		27,020		22,503		1,818,219		1,840,722
Consumer loans		—		5,141		5,141		—		156,569		156,569
State and other political subdivision loans		—		1,250		1,250		—		969,836		969,836
Other commercial loans and leases		892		5,355		6,247		896		588,116		589,012
Total	$	13,661	$	146,609	$	160,270	$	37,140	$	13,052,802	$	13,089,942

	December 31, 2023
	ACL						LHFI
	Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss		Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss		Total		Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss		Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss		Total
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	—	$	17,192	$	17,192	$	2,020	$	640,866	$	642,886
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		12,942		12,942		946		621,451		622,397
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		—		24,043		24,043		20,812		3,468,622		3,489,434
Other real estate secured		—		4,488		4,488		—		1,312,551		1,312,551
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		—		5,758		5,758		—		867,793		867,793
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		—		34,794		34,794		3,235		2,279,083		2,282,318
Commercial and industrial loans		11,436		15,202		26,638		21,102		1,901,808		1,922,910
Consumer loans		—		5,794		5,794		—		165,734		165,734
State and other political subdivision loans		—		646		646		—		1,088,466		1,088,466
Other commercial loans and leases		967		6,105		7,072		967		555,068		556,035
Total	$	12,403	$	126,964	$	139,367	$	49,082	$	12,901,442	$	12,950,524

Changes in the ACL, LHFI were as follows for the periods presented ($ in thousands):

	Years Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	139,367		$	120,214		$	99,457
Loans charge-off, sale of 1-4 family mortgage loans		(8,633	)		—			—
Loans charged-off		(26,316	)		(17,515	)		(11,332	)
Recoveries		9,932			9,306			10,412
Net (charge-offs) recoveries		(25,017	)		(8,209	)		(920	)
PCL, LHFI		37,287			27,362			21,677
PCL, LHFI sale of 1-4 family mortgage loans		8,633			—			—
Balance at end of period	$	160,270		$	139,367		$	120,214

The following tables detail changes in the ACL, LHFI by loan class for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 ($ in thousands):

	2024
	Balance										Balance
	January 1,		Charge-offs			Recoveries		PCL			December 31,
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	17,192	$	(32	)	$	1,024	$	(11,732	)	$	6,452
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		12,942		(512	)		672		(1,755	)		11,347
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		24,043		(2,545	)		154		16,244			37,896
Other real estate secured		4,488		(89	)		1		15,091			19,491
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		5,758		(2,507	)		714		9,332			13,297
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		34,794		(10,304	)		152		7,487			32,129
Commercial and industrial loans		26,638		(9,048	)		963		8,467			27,020
Consumer loans		5,794		(9,817	)		6,187		2,977			5,141
State and other political subdivision loans		646		—			—		604			1,250
Other commercial loans and leases		7,072		(95	)		65		(795	)		6,247
Total	$	139,367	$	(34,949	)	$	9,932	$	45,920		$	160,270

	2023
	Balance										Balance
	January 1,		Charge-offs			Recoveries		PCL			December 31,
Loans secured by real estate:
Construction, land development and other land	$	12,828	$	(242	)	$	142	$	4,464		$	17,192
Other secured by 1-4 family residential properties		12,374		(320	)		439		449			12,942
Secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties		19,488		(278	)		2,328		2,505			24,043
Other real estate secured		4,743		—			28		(283	)		4,488
Other loans secured by real estate:
Other construction		15,132		(3,453	)		73		(5,994	)		5,758
Secured by 1-4 family residential properties		21,185		(1,457	)		38		15,028			34,794
Commercial and industrial loans		23,140		(2,161	)		1,066		4,593			26,638
Consumer loans		5,792		(9,290	)		5,192		4,100			5,794
State and other political subdivision loans		885		—			—		(239	)		646
Other commercial loans and leases		4,647		(314	)		—		2,739			7,072
Total	$	120,214	$	(17,515	)	$	9,306	$	27,362		$	139,367