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Basis of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Client Concentration
Client Concentration

We generate the majority of our operating revenues from clients with operations in the US residential real estate, mortgage origination, and mortgage servicing markets. Approximately 34% and 30% of our operating revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were generated from our top ten clients, who consist of the largest US mortgage originators and servicers. None of our clients individually accounted for greater than 10% of our operating revenues during these periods. Approximately 32% and 29% of our operating revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were generated from our top ten clients. None of our clients individually accounted for greater than 10% of our operating revenues during these periods.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted CashWe deem the carrying value of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to be a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the nature of these instruments. Restricted cash is comprised of deposits that are pledged for various letters of credit/bank guarantees secured by us, escrow accounts due to acquisitions and divestitures, as well as short-term investments within our deferred compensation plan trust. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to amounts shown in the statement of cash flows:
Operating Revenue Recognition
Operating Revenue Recognition

We derive our operating revenues primarily from US mortgage lenders, servicers, and insurance companies with good creditworthiness. Operating revenue arrangements are written and specify the products or services to be delivered, pricing, and payment terms. Operating revenue is recognized when the distinct good or service (also referred as "performance obligation"), is delivered and control has been transferred to the client. Generally, clients contract with us to provide products and services that are highly interrelated and not separately identifiable. Therefore, the entire contract is accounted for as one performance obligation. At times, some of our contracts have multiple performance obligations where we allocate the total price to each performance obligation based on the estimated relative standalone selling price using observable sales or the cost-plus-margin approach.

For products or services where delivery occurs at a point in time, we recognize operating revenue when the client obtains control of the products upon delivery. When delivery occurs over time, we generally recognize operating revenue ratably over the service period, once initial delivery has occurred. For certain of our products or services, clients may also pay upfront fees, which we defer and recognize as operating revenue over the longer of the contractual term or the expected client relationship period.

Licensing arrangements that provide our clients with the right to access or use our intellectual property are considered functional licenses for which we generally recognize operating revenue based on usage. For arrangements that provide a stand-ready obligation or substantive updates to the intellectual property which the client is contractually or practically required to use, we recognize operating revenue ratably over the contractual term.

Client payment terms are standard with no significant financing components or extended payment terms granted. In limited cases, we allow for client cancellations for which we estimate a reserve at the point-of-sale.

See further discussion in Note 7 - Operating Revenues.
Comprehensive Income Comprehensive Income/(Loss)Comprehensive income/(loss) includes all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by shareholders and distributions to shareholders. Specifically, foreign currency translation adjustments, amounts related to supplemental benefit plans, unrealized gains and losses on interest rate swap transactions and investments are recorded in other comprehensive income/(loss).
Investment in Affiliates, net
Investment in Affiliates, net

Investments in affiliates are accounted for under the equity method of accounting when we are deemed to have significant influence over the affiliate but do not control or have a majority voting interest in the affiliate. Investments are carried at the cost of acquisition, including subsequent impairments, capital contributions and loans from us, plus our equity in undistributed earnings or losses since inception of the investment, less dividends received.

As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, we had insignificant revenue, expense, accounts receivable, and accounts payable with these affiliates.

In January 2020, we completed the acquisition of the remaining 66% of Location, Inc. ("Location") for $11.5 million, subject to certain working capital adjustments. In connection with this transaction, we remeasured our pre-existing 34% investment balance of $5.6 million to fair value based on the purchase price, resulting in a $0.6 million step-up gain which is reflected within gain/(loss) on investments and other, net, in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020. See Note 12 - Acquisitions for additional information. Prior to the acquisition of the remaining interest, we accounted for Location under the equity method and received dividends of $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2020.
Leases
Leases

We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at inception and determine the classification of the lease, as either operating or finance, at commencement.

Operating and finance lease assets and liabilities are recorded based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term which factors in certain qualifying initial direct costs incurred as well as any lease incentives received. If an implicit rate is not readily determinable, we utilize our incremental borrowing rate and inputs from third-party lenders to determine the appropriate discount rate. Lease expense for operating lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which, if applicable, may factor in renewal or termination options. Finance leases incur interest expense using the effective interest method in addition to amortization of the leased asset on a straight-line basis, both over the applicable lease term. Lease terms may factor in options to extend or terminate the lease.

We adhere to the short-term lease recognition exemption for all classes of assets (i.e. facilities and equipment). As a result, leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. In addition, for certain equipment leases, we account for lease and non-lease components, such as services, as a single lease component as permitted.
Dividends
Dividends

We record cash dividends as reductions to retained earnings upon declaration, with a corresponding increase to current liabilities, based on common shares outstanding on the record date. In addition, as part of our share-based compensation program, the terms of our restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PBRSUs”) stipulate that holders of these awards are credited with dividend equivalent units on each date that a cash dividend is paid to holders of common stock. These dividend equivalents are subject to the same vesting and performance requirements of the underlying units and therefore are forfeitable (i.e. non-participating). Upon declaration of a dividend, we record dividend equivalents as a reduction to retained earnings, derived from the number of eligible unvested shares, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in-capital.
Discontinued Operations Discontinued OperationsAs of both June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, we recorded assets of discontinued operations of $6.3 million within prepaid expenses and other current assets within our condensed consolidated balance sheets, mainly consisting of income tax-related assets. Additionally, as of both June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we recorded liabilities of $0.4 million within accounts payable and other accrued expenses, which mainly consisted of legal-related accruals
Tax Escrow Disbursement Arrangements
Tax Escrow Disbursement Arrangements

We administer tax escrow disbursements as a service to our clients in connection with our tax services business. Funds to be disbursed are deposited and maintained in segregated accounts for the benefit of our clients and totaled $832 million and $1.4 billion as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Because these deposits are held on behalf of our clients, they are not our funds and, therefore, are not included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

These deposits generally remain in the accounts for a period of two to five business days. We record credits from these activities as a reduction to related administrative expenses, including the cost of bank fees and other administration costs.

Under our contracts with our clients, if we make a payment in error or fail to pay a taxing authority when a payment is due, we could be held liable to our clients for all or part of the financial loss they suffer as a result of our act or omission. We maintained total claim reserves relating to incorrect disposition of assets of $22.5 million and $22.7 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Within these amounts are $10.0 million and $9.8 million, respectively, which are short-term and are therefore reflected within accounts payable and other accrued expenses within our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The remaining reserves are reflected within other liabilities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects of, reference rate reform, in connection with the scheduled phase-out of LIBOR as a reference interest rate. The guidance provides practical expedients and exceptions in accounting for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. Entities electing the practical expedients will be allowed, among other topics, to account for reference rate modification of debt and receivables prospectively; to not reassess lease classifications and discount rates in reference rate lease modifications; and ease cash-flow hedge effectiveness testing guidelines for hedges affected by reference rate reform. The guidance is effective through December 2022 with adoption permitted as of any date within the aforementioned time frame from the beginning of the selected interim period on a prospective basis. We have elected to adopt the guidance in the first quarter of 2020, which has not had a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, as part of a simplification initiative, the FASB issued guidance to remove certain exceptions and added further guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes. The exceptions that were removed relate to recognizing deferred taxes for investments, performing intra-period allocation, and calculating income taxes in interim periods. The guidance reduces the complexity of recognizing deferred taxes for goodwill and allocating taxes to entities of a consolidated group. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 with early adoption permitted. We elected to early adopt on January 1, 2020 via the modified retrospective method with a cumulative effect adjustment at the date of initial application, resulting in an increase to retained earnings of $16.8 million. This impact results from the release of a deferred tax liability that had previously been established for the outside basis difference of an equity method investment that later became a subsidiary.

In November 2018, the FASB issued guidance to clarify the definition and interaction of collaborative arrangements with previously issued guidance on revenue recognition. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 on a retrospective basis to the date of the initial adoption of the revenue standard. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020, which has not had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance that amends fair value disclosure requirements. The guidance removes disclosure requirements on the transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy in addition to the disclosure requirements on the policy for timing of transfers between levels and the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements. The guidance clarifies the measurement uncertainty disclosure and adds disclosure requirements for Level 3 unrealized gains and losses and significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Entities were permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until the effective date. We early adopted the removal of disclosure provisions of the new guidance in 2018 and adopted the measurement uncertainty disclosure and additional Level 3 disclosures in the current year as required. Adoption of this guidance has not had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance for accounting of credit losses affecting the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. Entities are required to use a forward-looking current expected credit loss model for trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans, and other instruments, which will generally lead to an earlier recognition of loss allowances. Entities will recognize expected losses on available-for-sale debt securities as allowances rather than a reduction in amortized cost of the security while the measurement process of such loss does not change. Disclosure requirements are expanded regarding an entity’s assumptions, models, and methods of estimations of the allowance. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. In November 2018 and 2019, the FASB issued updates to this standard which, amongst other items, clarified that impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for under applicable leasing guidance. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020, which has not had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.