Fair Value of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). We utilize market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated or generally unobservable.

The market approach is applied for recurring fair value measurements and endeavors to utilize the best available information. Accordingly, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Fair value balances are classified based on the observability of those inputs.

A fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). Level 2 measurements utilize observable inputs in markets other than active markets.

In estimating the fair value of the financial instruments presented, we used the following methods and assumptions:

Cash and cash equivalents

For cash and cash equivalents, we believe that the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments.

Restricted cash

Restricted cash is comprised of certificates of deposit that are pledged for various letters of credit secured by the Company. We deem the carrying value to be a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the nature of these instruments.

Marketable securities

Equity and debt securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and are valued using quoted prices in active markets.

Long-term debt

The fair value of long-term debt was estimated based on the current rates available to us for similar debt of the same remaining maturities and consideration of our default and credit risk.

Interest rate swap agreements and foreign currency purchase agreements

The fair value of the interest rate swap agreements and forward currency purchase agreements were estimated based on market value quotes received from the counter parties to the agreements.

The fair values of our financial instruments as of December 31, 2015 are presented in the following table:



	Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	99,090	$	—	$	—	$	99,090
Restricted cash	—		10,926		—		10,926
Equity securities	22,709		—		—		22,709
	$	121,799	$	10,926	$	—	$	132,725

Financial Liabilities:
Total debt	$	—	$	1,315,473	$	—	$	1,315,473

Derivatives:
Liability for interest rate swap agreements	$	—	$	4,370	$	—	$	4,370

The fair values of our financial instruments as of December 31, 2014 are presented in the following table:



	Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	104,677	$	—	$	—	$	104,677
Restricted cash	—		12,360		—		12,360
Equity securities	22,264		—		—		22,264
	$	126,941	$	12,360	$	—	$	139,301

Financial Liabilities:
Total debt	$	—	$	1,323,201	$	—	$	1,323,201

Derivatives:
Liability for interest rate swap agreements	$	—	$	3,781	$	—	$	3,781

The following non-financial instruments were measured at fair value, on a nonrecurring basis, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015:



			Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Impairment Losses
Property and equipment, net	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,770

The following non-financial instruments were measured at fair value, on a nonrecurring basis, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2014:



			Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Impairment Losses
Property and equipment, net	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,070
Goodwill, net	—		—		—		—		3,900
Investment in affiliates, net	—		—		—		—		360
	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,330

The following non-financial instruments were measured at fair value, on a nonrecurring basis, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013:



			Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Impairment Losses
Assets of discontinued operations	$	19,961	$	—	$	—	$	19,961	$	9,614
Property and equipment, net	—		—		—		—		1,969
Goodwill, net	77,616		—		—		77,616		42,216
Other intangible assets, net	—		—		—		—		248
	$	97,577	$	—	$	—	$	97,577	$	54,047

We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $9.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 in our assets of discontinued operations primarily due to the disposition or wind down of our discontinued operations. See Note 18 - Discontinued Operations for further discussion. We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.8 million, $1.1 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, in our property and equipment, net primarily related to internally developed software. Further, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.9 million and $42.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, in our goodwill, net related to our technology solutions, solutions express and outsourcing services businesses. See Note 6 - Goodwill, Net for further discussion. In addition, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 in our other intangible assets, net related to client lists. Finally, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 in our investment in affiliates, net due to other-than-temporary loss in value from the absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment. These non-cash impairment charges relate to investments for which there is no material income/loss included in equity in earnings of affiliates, net of tax. Therefore, they are included in gain on investments and other, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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