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Fair Value

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

(13)	Fair Value

Fair value measurements (ASC 820) defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity can access as of the measurement date.

Level 2 – Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices or similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 – Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the value that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities:

Securities Available for Sale: The fair value of securities available for sale are determined utilizing an independent pricing service for identical assets or significantly similar securities. The pricing service uses a variety of techniques to arrive at fair value including market maker bids, quotes and pricing models. Inputs to the pricing models include recent trades, benchmark interest rates, spreads and actual and projected cash flows. This results in a Level 2 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Interest and dividend income is recorded on the accrual method and included in the income statement in the respective investment class under total interest income. The Company does not have any securities that would be designated as level 3.

Other Real Estate Owned: Assets acquired through loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. This results in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Individually Evaluated Loans: Loans individually evaluated carried at fair value generally have had a charge-off through the allowance for credit losses on loans. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments may be significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. When obtained, non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Loans individually evaluated are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value under ASC 820 on a recurring basis are summarized below:

	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Using:
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Securities available for sale:
U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	118,187	$	-	$	118,187	$	-
State and political subdivisions		34		-		34		-
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		260,316		-		260,316		-
Corporate bonds		81,346		-		81,346		-
Small Business Administration - guaranteed participation securities		20,977		-		20,977		-
Other		653		-		653		-

Total securities available for sale	$	481,513	$	-	$	481,513	$	-

	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 Using:
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Securities available for sale:
U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	59,179	$	-	$	59,179	$	-
State and political subdivisions		41		-		41		-
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		270,798		-		270,798		-
Corporate bonds		45,337		-		45,337		-
Small Business Administration - guaranteed participation securities		31,674		-		31,674		-
Other		684		-		684		-

Total securities available for sale	$	407,713	$	-	$	407,713	$	-

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 in 2022 and 2021.

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below:

	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Using:
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Valuation technique	Unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted Average)

Other real estate owned	$	2,061	$	-	$	-	$	2,061	Sales comparison approach	Adjustments for differences between comparable sales		2% - 47% (18	%)

Individually evaluated loans:
Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family		-		-		-		-	Sales comparison approach	Adjustments for differences between comparable sales		N/A

	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 Using:
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Valuation technique	Unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted Average)

Other real estate owned	$	362	$	-	$	-	$	362	Sales comparison approach	Adjustments for differences between comparable sales		1% - 14% (6	%)

Impaired loans:
Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family		-		-		-		-	Sales comparison approach	Adjustments for differences between comparable sales		N/A

Other real estate owned, which is carried at fair value less costs to sell, was approximately $2.1 million at December 31, 2022, and consisted of only residential real estate properties. A valuation charge of $68 thousand is included in earnings for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Of the total individually evaluated loans of $25.7 million at December 31, 2022, there are no loans that were collateral dependent and are carried at fair value measured on a non-recurring basis. Due to the sufficiency of charge-offs taken on these loans and the adequacy of the underlying collateral, there were no specific valuation allowances for these loans at December 31, 2022. There were no gross charge-offs related to residential impaired loans included in the table above.

Other real estate owned, which is carried at fair value less costs to sell, was approximately $362 thousand at December 31, 2021, and consisted of only residential real estate properties. A valuation charge of $121 thousand is included in earnings for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Of the total impaired loans of $18.5 million at December 31, 2021, there are no impairments that were collateral dependent and are carried at fair value measured on a non-recurring basis. Due to the sufficiency of charge-offs taken on these loans and the adequacy of the underlying collateral, there were no specific valuation allowances for these loans at December 31, 2021. There were no gross charge-offs related to residential impaired loans included in the table above.

In accordance with ASC 825, the carrying amounts and estimated fair values (exit price) of financial instruments at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Using:
	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	650,599		650,599		-		-		650,599
Securities available for sale		481,513		-		481,513		-		481,513
Held to maturity securities		7,707		-		7,580		-		7,580
Federal Reserve Bank and
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		5,797		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Net loans		4,687,169		-		-		4,328,508		4,328,508
Accrued interest receivable		11,492		189		1,866		9,437		11,492
Financial liabilities:
Demand deposits		838,147		838,147		-		-		838,147
Interest bearing deposits		4,354,663		3,325,900		1,012,528		-		4,338,428
Short-term borrowings		122,700		-		122,700		-		122,700
Accrued interest payable		602		60		542		-		602

(dollars in thousands)	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 Using:
	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,219,470		1,219,470		-		-		1,219,470
Securities available for sale		407,713		-		407,713		-		407,713
Held to maturity securities		9,923		-		10,695		-		10,695
Federal Reserve Bank and
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		5,604		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Net loans		4,394,512		-		-		4,451,031		4,451,031
Accrued interest receivable		9,099		10		1,235		7,854		9,099
Financial liabilities:
Demand deposits		794,878		794,878		-		-		794,878
Interest bearing deposits		4,473,251		3,477,937		993,676		-		4,471,613
Short-term borrowings		244,686		-		244,686		-		244,686
Accrued interest payable		163		34		129		-		163

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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