(3) Investment Securities

(a) Securities available for sale

The amortized cost and fair value of the securities available for sale are as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	119,887		-		2,621		117,266
State and political subdivisions		873		13		-		886
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		378,068		123		5,883		372,308
Corporate bonds		40,956		-		251		40,705
Small Business Administration-guaranteed participation securities		81,026		-		2,527		78,499
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial		10,130		-		119		10,011
Other		650		-		-		650
Total debt securities		631,590		136		11,401		620,325
Equity securities		35		-		-		35
Total securities available for sale	$	631,625		136		11,401		620,360

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	86,899		19		181		86,737
State and political subdivisions		1,270		20		-		1,290
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		416,625		430		5,326		411,729
Small Business Administration-guaranteed participation securities		92,620		-		2,204		90,416
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial		10,422		-		242		10,180
Other		650		-		-		650
Total debt securities		608,486		469		7,953		601,002
Equity securities		35		-		-		35
Total securities available for sale	$	608,521		469		7,953		601,037

The following table distributes the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities included in the available for sale portfolio as of December 31, 2016, based on the securities’ final maturity. Actual maturities may differ because of securities prepayments and the right of certain issuers to call or prepay their obligations without penalty. Securities not due at a single maturity are shown separately:

(dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	5,008		4,998
Due in one year through five years		142,292		139,946
Due after five years through ten years		15,066		14,563
Due after ten years		-		-
Mortgage backed securities and
collateralized mortgage
obligations - residential		378,068		372,308
Small Business Administration- guaranteed participation securities		81,026		78,499
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial		10,130		10,011
	$	631,590		620,325

Gross unrealized losses on securities available for sale and the related fair values aggregated by the length of time that individual securities have been in an unrealized loss position, were as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2016
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss
U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	102,266		2,621		-		-		102,266		2,621
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		359,622		5,766		4,713		117		364,335		5,883
Corporate bonds		40,705		251		-		-		40,705		251
Small Business Administration- guaranteed participation securities		64,560		1,960		13,940		567		78,500		2,527
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial		10,011		119		-		-		10,011		119

Total	$	577,164		10,717		18,653		684		595,817		11,401

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2015
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unreal. Loss
U.S. government sponsored enterprises	$	41,786		113		9,932		68		51,718		181
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		187,605		2,147		167,549		3,179		355,153		5,326
Small Business Administration- guaranteed participation securities		7,529		111		82,888		2,093		90,417		2,204
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial		5,553		130		4,627		112		10,180		242

Total	$	242,473		2,501		264,996		5,452		507,468		7,953

The proceeds from sales and calls of securities available for sale, gross realized gains and gross realized losses from sales and calls during 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	Year ended December 31,
	2016		2015		2014

Proceeds from sales	$	44,829		22,945		69,147
Proceeds from calls		201,100		232,010		251,927
Gross realized gains		668		251		720
Gross realized losses		-		-		3

Tax expense recognized on net gains on sales of securities available for sale were approximately $267 thousand, $100 thousand, and $287 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, 2014, respectively.

The amount of securities that have been pledged to secure short-term borrowings and for other purposes amounted to $264.8 million and $277.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(b) Held to maturity securities

The amortized cost and fair value of the held to maturity securities are as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrecognized Gains		Gross Unrecognized Losses		Fair Value

Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential	$	35,500		1,736		-		37,236
Corporate bonds		9,990		300		-		10,290
Total held to maturity	$	45,490		2,036		-		47,526

(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrecognized Gains		Gross Unrecognized Losses		Fair Value

Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential	$	46,490		2,308		-		48,798
Corporate bonds		9,975		666		-		10,641
Total held to maturity	$	56,465		2,974		-		59,439

The following table distributes the debt securities included in the held to maturity portfolio as of December 31, 2016, based on the securities’ final maturity. Actual maturities may differ because of securities prepayments and the right of certain issuers to call or prepay their obligations without penalty. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

(dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	9,990		10,290
Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential		35,500		37,236
	$	45,490		47,526

There were no held to maturity securities with gross unrecognized losses as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. There were no sales or transfers of held to maturity securities during 2016 and 2015.

The Company has the following balances of securities held in the available for sale and held to maturity portfolios as of December 31, 2016 that represent greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity:

(dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	$	121,584		119,577
Federal National Mortgage Association		306,452		302,052
Government National Mortgage Association		44,842		46,012
Small Business Administration		81,026		78,499

(d) Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. The investment securities portfolio is evaluated for OTTI by segregating the portfolio by type and applying the appropriate OTTI model. Investment securities classified as available for sale or held-to-maturity are generally evaluated for OTTI under ASC 320 “Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.”

In determining OTTI under the FASB ASC 320 model, management considers many factors, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether any other-than-temporary decline exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

When OTTI occurs, the amount of the OTTI recognized in earnings depends on whether management intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If management intends to sell or it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the OTTI shall be recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date. If management does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the OTTI on debt securities shall be separated into the amount representing the credit loss and the amount related to all other factors. The amount of the total OTTI related to the credit loss is determined based on the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total OTTI related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. The previous amortized cost basis less the OTTI recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.

As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s security portfolio included certain securities which were in an unrealized loss position, and are discussed below.

U.S. government sponsored enterprises

In the case of unrealized losses on U.S. government sponsored enterprises, because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality, and because the Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.

Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - residential

At December 31, 2016, all mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations held by the Company were issued by U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies, primarily Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, institutions which the government has affirmed its commitment to support. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality, and because the Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.

Corporate Bonds

At December 31, 2016, corporate bonds held by the Company are investment grade quality. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality, and because the Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.

Small Business Administration (SBA) - guaranteed participation securities

At December 31, 2016, all of the SBA securities held by the Company were issued and guaranteed by U.S. Small Business Administration. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality, and because the Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.

Mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations - commercial

As of December 31, 2016, all of the mortgage backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations held by the Company were issued by U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies, are current as to the payment of interest and principal and the Company expects to collect the full amount of the principal and interest payments. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality, and because the Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.

As a result of the above analysis, for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment losses for credit or any other reason.