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REVENUE (Tables)
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Performance Obligation, Recognition Period
Below is a listing of performance obligations that arise from contracts with customers, along with details on the satisfaction of each performance obligation, the significant payment terms and the nature of the goods and services being transferred, by reporting segment and other business operations:
Revenue Recognized Over Time:
Segment/
Operations		Performance ObligationDescription
NJNGNatural gas utility sales
NJNG's performance obligation is to provide natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers as demanded, based on regulated tariff rates, which are established by the BPU. Revenues from the sale of natural gas are recognized in the period that natural gas is delivered and consumed by customers, including an estimate for quantities consumed but not billed during the period. Payment is due each month for the previous month's deliveries. Natural gas sales to individual customers are based on meter readings, which are performed on a systematic basis throughout the billing period. The unbilled revenue estimates are based on estimated customer usage by customer type, weather effects and the most current tariff rates. NJNG is entitled to be compensated for performance completed until service is terminated.

Customers may elect to purchase the natural gas commodity from NJNG or may contract separately to purchase natural gas directly from third-party suppliers. As NJNG is acting as an agent on behalf of the third-party supplier, revenue is recorded for the delivery of natural gas to the customer.
CEVCommercial solar electricity
CEV operates wholly-owned solar projects that recognize revenue as electricity is generated and transferred to the customer. The performance obligation is to provide electricity to the customer in accordance with contract terms or the interconnection agreement and is satisfied upon transfer of electricity generated.

Revenue is recognized as invoiced and the payment is due each month for the previous month's services.
Revenue Recognized Over Time (continued):
Segment/
Operations		Performance ObligationDescription
CEVResidential solar electricity
CEV provides access to residential rooftop and ground-mount solar equipment to customers who then pay the Company a monthly fee. The performance obligation is to provide electricity to the customer based on generation from the underlying residential solar asset and is satisfied upon transfer of electricity generated.

Revenue is derived from the contract terms and is recognized as invoiced, with the payment due each month for the previous month's services.
CEVRenewable energy certificates
Certain CEV projects generate TRECs and SREC IIs under the established Administratively Determined Incentive Program. A TREC or SREC II is created for every MWh of electricity produced by a solar generator. The performance obligation of CEV is to generate electricity. TRECs and SREC IIs under the Administratively Determined Incentive Program are purchased monthly by a REC Administrator.

Revenue is recognized upon generation.
ESNatural gas services
The performance obligation of ES is to provide the customer transportation, storage and asset management services on an as-needed basis. ES generates revenue through management fees, demand charges, reservation fees and transportation charges centered around the buying and selling of the natural gas commodity, representing one series of distinct performance obligations.

Revenue is recognized based upon the underlying natural gas quantities physically delivered and the customer obtaining control. ES invoices customers in line with the terms of the contract and based on the services provided. Payment is due upon receipt of the invoice. For temporary releases of pipeline capacity, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the agreed upon term.
S&T
Natural gas services
The performance obligation of S&T is to provide the customer with storage and transportation services. S&T generates revenues from firm storage contracts and transportation contracts, injection and withdrawal at the storage facility and the delivery of natural gas to customers. Revenue is recognized over time as customers receive the benefits of its service as it is performed on their behalf using an output method based on actual deliveries.

Demand fees are recognized as revenue over the term of the related agreement.
HSOService contracts
Home Services enters into service contracts with homeowners to provide maintenance and replacement services of applicable heating, cooling or ventilation equipment. NJR Retail enters into warranty contracts with homeowners for various appliances. All services provided relate to a distinct performance obligation which is to provide services for the specific equipment over the term of the contract.

Revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract and payment is due upon receipt of the invoice.
Revenue Recognized at a Point in Time:
ESNatural gas services
For a permanent release of pipeline capacity, the performance obligation of ES is the release of the pipeline capacity associated with certain natural gas transportation contracts and the transfer of the underlying contractual rights to the counterparty.

Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of the underlying contractual rights.
S&T
Natural gas services
The performance obligation of S&T is to provide the customer with storage and transportation services. S&T generates revenues from usage fees and hub services for the use of storage space, injection and withdrawal from the storage facility. Hub services include park and loan transactions and wheeling.

Usage fees and hub services revenues are recognized as services are performed.
HSOInstallationsHome Services installs appliances, including but not limited to, furnaces, air conditioning units, boilers and generators for customers. The distinct performance obligation is the installation of the contracted appliance, which is satisfied at the point in time the item is installed.

The transaction price for each installation differs accordingly. Revenue is recognized at a point in time upon completion of the installation, which is when the customer is billed.
Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue
Disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers by product line and by reporting segment and other business operations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:

(Thousands)NJNGCEVESS&THSOTotal
2024
Natural gas utility sales (1)
$371,019 — — — — $371,019 
Natural gas services— — 16,145 23,042 — 39,187 
Service contracts— — — — 9,071 9,071 
Installations and maintenance— — — — 5,834 5,834 
Renewable energy certificates— 2,672 — — — 2,672 
Electricity sales— 6,553 — — — 6,553 
Eliminations (2)
(338)— — (673)(153)(1,164)
Revenues from contracts with customers370,681 9,225 16,145 22,369 14,752 433,172 
Alternative revenue programs (3)
7,382 — — — — 7,382 
Derivative instruments84,800 100 (4)128,717 — — 213,617 
Eliminations (2)
— — 3,742 — — 3,742 
Revenues out of scope92,182 100 132,459 — — 224,741 
Total operating revenues$462,863 9,325 148,604 22,369 14,752 $657,913 
2023
Natural gas utility sales (1)
$327,198 — — — — $327,198 
Natural gas services— — 16,836 20,887 — 37,723 
Service contracts— — — — 8,739 8,739 
Installations and maintenance— — — — 4,709 4,709 
Renewable energy certificates— 2,085 — — — 2,085 
Electricity sales— 6,084 — — — 6,084 
Eliminations (2)
(338)— — (1,584)(183)(2,105)
Revenues from contracts with customers326,860 8,169 16,836 19,303 13,265 384,433 
Alternative revenue programs (3)
27,270 — — — — 27,270 
Derivative instruments46,370 6,237 (4)179,894 — — 232,501 
Eliminations (2)
— — (177)— — (177)
Revenues out of scope73,640 6,237 179,717 — — 259,594 
Total operating revenues$400,500 14,406 196,553 19,303 13,265 $644,027 
(1)Includes building rent related to the Wall headquarters, which is eliminated in consolidation.
(2)Consists of transactions between subsidiaries that are eliminated in consolidation.
(3)Includes CIP revenue.
(4)Includes SREC revenue.
Disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers by product line and by reporting segment and other business operations during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:

(Thousands)NJNGCEVESS&THSOTotal
2024
Natural gas utility sales (1)
$628,894 — — — — $628,894 
Natural gas services— — 32,413 46,904 — 79,317 
Service contracts— — — — 18,011 18,011 
Installations and maintenance— — — — 11,728 11,728 
Renewable energy certificates— 5,322 — — — 5,322 
Electricity sales— 13,267 — — — 13,267 
Eliminations (2)
(675)— — (1,348)(153)(2,176)
Revenues from contracts with customers628,219 18,589 32,413 45,556 29,586 754,363 
Alternative revenue programs (3)
4,845 — — — — 4,845 
Derivative instruments122,892 26,031 (4)212,117 — — 361,040 
Eliminations (2)
— — 4,875 — — 4,875 
Revenues out of scope127,737 26,031 216,992 — — 370,760 
Total operating revenues$755,956 44,620 249,405 45,556 29,586 $1,125,123 
2023
Natural gas utility sales (1)
$615,365 — — — — $615,365 
Natural gas services— — 44,684 47,725 — 92,409 
Service contracts— — — — 17,400 17,400 
Installations and maintenance— — — — 10,314 10,314 
Renewable energy certificates— 3,287 — — — 3,287 
Electricity sales— 13,788 — — — 13,788 
Eliminations (2)
(675)— — (2,708)(196)(3,579)
Revenues from contracts with customers614,690 17,075 44,684 45,017 27,518 748,984 
Alternative revenue programs (3)
23,805 — — — — 23,805 
Derivative instruments119,414 10,123 (4)473,828 — — 603,365 
Eliminations (2)
— — (8,560)— — (8,560)
Revenues out of scope143,219 10,123 465,268 — — 618,610 
Total operating revenues$757,909 27,198 509,952 45,017 27,518 $1,367,594 
(1)Includes building rent related to the Wall headquarters, which is eliminated in consolidation.
(2)Consists of transactions between subsidiaries that are eliminated in consolidation.
(3)Includes CIP revenue.
(4)Includes SREC revenue.
Disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers by customer type and by reporting segment and other business operations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:
(Thousands)NJNGCEVESS&THSOTotal
2024
Residential$287,824 3,229 — — 14,684 $305,737 
Commercial and industrial50,362 5,996 16,145 22,369 68 94,940 
Firm transportation30,680 — — — — 30,680 
Interruptible, off-tariff and other1,815 — — — — 1,815 
Revenues out of scope92,182 100 132,459 — — 224,741 
Total operating revenues$462,863 9,325 148,604 22,369 14,752 $657,913 
2023
Residential$247,623 3,204 — — 13,089 $263,916 
Commercial and industrial49,105 4,965 16,836 19,303 176 90,385 
Firm transportation29,368 — — — — 29,368 
Interruptible, off-tariff and other764 — — — — 764 
Revenues out of scope73,640 6,237 179,717 — — 259,594 
Total operating revenues$400,500 14,406 196,553 19,303 13,265 $644,027 

Disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers by customer type and by reporting segment and other business operations during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:
(Thousands)NJNGCEVESS&THSOTotal
2024
Residential$483,447 6,615 — — 29,487 $519,549 
Commercial and industrial86,121 11,974 32,413 45,556 99 176,163 
Firm transportation55,115 — — — — 55,115 
Interruptible, off-tariff and other3,536 — — — — 3,536 
Revenues out of scope127,737 26,031 216,992 — — 370,760 
Total operating revenues$755,956 44,620 249,405 45,556 29,586 $1,125,123 
2023
Residential$464,561 6,497 — — 27,269 $498,327 
Commercial and industrial92,900 10,578 44,684 45,017 249 193,428 
Firm transportation55,567 — — — — 55,567 
Interruptible, off-tariff and other1,662 — — — — 1,662 
Revenues out of scope143,219 10,123 465,268 — — 618,610 
Total operating revenues$757,909 27,198 509,952 45,017 27,518 $1,367,594 
Schedule of Expected Timing of Performance
The timing of revenue recognition, customer billings and cash collections resulting in accounts receivables, billed and unbilled, and customers’ credit balances and deposits on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:
Customer Accounts ReceivableCustomers' Credit
(Thousands)BilledUnbilledBalances and Deposits
Balance as of September 30, 2023$97,540 $19,100 $44,910 
Increase (decrease)87,529 55,356 (20,032)
Balance as of March 31, 2024$185,069 $74,456 $24,878 
Balance as of September 30, 2022$222,297 $13,769 $33,246 
(Decrease) increase(27,844)32,271 (7,725)
Balance as of March 31, 2023$194,453 $46,040 $25,521 
Schedule of Performance Obligation, in Excess of Billings
The following table provides information about receivables, which are included within accounts receivable, billed and unbilled, and customers’ credit balances and deposits, respectively, on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023:
(Thousands)NJNGCEVESS&THSOTotal
March 31, 2024
Customer accounts receivable
Billed$142,088 7,273 25,241 7,749 2,718 $185,069 
Unbilled69,904 4,552 — — — 74,456 
Customers' credit balances and deposits(24,860)— — (18)— (24,878)
Total$187,132 11,825 25,241 7,731 2,718 $234,647 
September 30, 2023
Customer accounts receivable
Billed$55,234 9,962 23,716 6,577 2,051 $97,540 
Unbilled10,784 8,316 — — — 19,100 
Customers' credit balances and deposits(44,898)— — (12)— (44,910)
Total$21,120 18,278 23,716 6,565 2,051 $71,730