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STATUTORY INFORMATION AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
STATUTORY INFORMATION AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS [Abstract]  
STATUTORY INFORMATION AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
STATUTORY INFORMATION AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
The Company’s insurance subsidiaries are required to file financial statements with state regulatory authorities.  The accounting principles used to prepare these statutory financial statements follow prescribed or permitted accounting practices that differ from GAAP.  Prescribed statutory accounting principles include state laws, regulations and general administrative rules issued by the state of domicile, as well as a variety of publications and manuals of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC).  Permitted accounting practices encompass all accounting practices not prescribed, but allowed by the state of domicile.  The Company’s insurance subsidiaries had no permitted accounting practices during 2018, 2017 or 2016.
Statutory surplus of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries was $527.1 million and $560.1 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Statutory net income of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries was $10.8 million, $30.1 million and $48.3 million in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The NAIC utilizes a risk-based capital model to help state regulators assess the capital adequacy of insurance companies and identify insurers that are in, or are perceived as approaching, financial difficulty.  This model establishes minimum capital needs based on the risks applicable to the operations of the individual insurer.  The risk-based capital requirements for property and casualty insurance companies measure three major areas of risk:  asset risk, credit risk and underwriting risk.  Companies having less statutory surplus than required by the risk-based capital requirements are subject to varying degrees of regulatory scrutiny and intervention, depending on the severity of the inadequacy.  At December 31, 2018, the Company’s insurance subsidiaries had total adjusted statutory capital of $527.1 million, which exceeds the minimum risk-based capital requirement of $101.9 million.
The amount of dividends available for distribution to the Company by its insurance subsidiaries is limited by law to a percentage of the statutory unassigned surplus of each of the subsidiaries as of the previous December 31, as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities of the state of domicile of each subsidiary. Under Iowa law, the maximum dividend that may be paid within a 12 month period without prior regulatory approval is restricted to the greater of 10 percent of statutory surplus as regards policyholders as of the preceding December 31, or net income of the preceding calendar year on a statutory basis, not greater than earned statutory surplus. North Dakota, the state of domicile of Dakota Fire Insurance Company, imposes similar restrictions, except that the maximum dividend is limited to the lesser of 10 percent of statutory surplus as regards policyholders as of the preceding December 31, or net income excluding capital gains of the preceding calendar year on a statutory basis, not greater than earned statutory surplus.  At December 31, 2018, $48.0 million was available for distribution to the Company in 2019 without prior approval.