Basis of Presentation and New Significant Accounting Policy (Policies)	6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Basis of Presentation and New Significant Accounting Policy
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company and reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods presented. All adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, have been omitted. Accordingly, the Company believes that although the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.
Presentation - sales whose payment terms exceed one year	Presentation - sales whose payment terms exceed one year Effective in fiscal year 2024 sales whose payment terms exceed one year is now presented as “Financing receivables, net of allowances” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets rather than being combined with Accounts receivable, net of allowances. The financial statement line item Long-term receivable is now labeled as “Financing receivables due after one year, net of allowances.” These changes are reflected retrospectively as of September 30, 2023. This change was made to provide more detail on the balance sheet related to these receivables and align with our notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Presentation - two-for-one stock split	Presentation – two-for-one stock split On February 21, 2024, the Board of Directors of CSP Inc. approved an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Organization to increase the total number of its authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01, from 7,500,000 shares to 9,753,900 shares (the “Amendment”). No shareholder approval was required under the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act with respect to the Amendment. The Amendment became effective upon filing with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on February 21, 2024. On February 21, 2024, the Company announced its Board of Directors approved and declared a two-for-one stock split to be effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend. The stock dividend was paid on March 20, 2024 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 6, 2024. In accordance with ASC 505 Equity, we have determined this had a material effect on reducing share market value and therefore was treated this event as a stock split for accounting purposes. All common shares and per share amounts contained in these condensed interim financial statements and notes have been retrospectively restated to reflect this two-for-one stock split in the form a 100% dividend in accordance with ASC 260 Earnings Per Share, specifically ASC 260-10-55-12.
Use of Estimates	Use of estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions are related to the allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable and financing receivables, reserves for inventory obsolescence, the impairment assessment of intangible assets, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and the calculation of standalone selling price for revenue recognition, the calculation of liabilities related to deferred compensation and retirement plans and the calculation of income tax liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Significant Accounting Policies Except for the change in certain accounting policies upon adoption of the accounting standard described below, there have been no significant changes to the Company's significant accounting policies described in PART II, Item 8, Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting standards update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), an amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Additional updates were issued in 2018-2020. The amended guidance replaces the current incurred loss impairment methodology for measurement of credit losses on financial instruments with a methodology (the “current expected credit losses model,” or “CECL model”) that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under the CECL model, the allowance for losses on financial assets, measured at amortized cost, reflects management’s estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of such assets. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 (the “new CECL standard”) as of October 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of Shareholders’ equity as of October 1, 2023. The adoption primarily impacted the estimation of our Allowance for credit losses for Accounts receivable and Financing receivables. Additionally, it affected allowance for credit losses of contract assets with effects being immaterial. The total impact recorded on our initial adoption of ASU 2016-13 as of October 1, 2023 included an increase of Accounts receivable, net of $67k and a decrease of Financing receivables, net in the amount of $82k with the total adjustment decreasing retained earnings of $15k. For the accounting policies adopted and details of impacts from adoption refer to Note 4 - Accounts receivable, net and Note 5 - Financing receivables, net. Recently Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07), which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on its disclosures.

Basis of Presentation and New Significant Accounting Policy (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Basis of Presentation and New Significant Accounting Policy

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company and reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods presented. All adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, have been omitted.

Accordingly, the Company believes that although the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.

Presentation - sales whose payment terms exceed one year

Effective in fiscal year 2024 sales whose payment terms exceed one year is now presented as “Financing receivables, net of allowances” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets rather than being combined with Accounts receivable, net of allowances. The financial statement line item Long-term receivable is now labeled as “Financing receivables due after one year, net of allowances.” These changes are reflected retrospectively as of September 30, 2023. This change was made to provide more detail on the balance sheet related to these receivables and align with our notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Presentation - two-for-one stock split

Presentation – two-for-one stock split

On February 21, 2024, the Board of Directors of CSP Inc. approved an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Organization to increase the total number of its authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01, from 7,500,000 shares to 9,753,900 shares (the “Amendment”). No shareholder approval was required under the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act with respect to the Amendment. The Amendment became effective upon filing with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on February 21, 2024.

On February 21, 2024, the Company announced its Board of Directors approved and declared a two-for-one stock split to be effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend. The stock dividend was paid on March 20, 2024 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 6, 2024. In accordance with ASC 505 Equity, we have determined this had a material effect on reducing share market value and therefore was treated this event as a stock split for accounting purposes.

All common shares and per share amounts contained in these condensed interim financial statements and notes have been retrospectively restated to reflect this two-for-one stock split in the form a 100% dividend in accordance with ASC 260 Earnings Per Share, specifically ASC 260-10-55-12.

Use of Estimates

Use of estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions are related to the allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable and financing receivables, reserves for inventory obsolescence, the impairment assessment of intangible assets, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and the calculation of standalone selling price for revenue recognition, the calculation of liabilities related to deferred compensation and retirement plans and the calculation of income tax liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Significant Accounting Policies

Except for the change in certain accounting policies upon adoption of the accounting standard described below, there have been no significant changes to the Company's significant accounting policies described in PART II, Item 8, Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting standards update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), an amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Additional updates were issued in 2018-2020. The amended guidance replaces the current incurred loss impairment methodology for measurement of credit losses on financial instruments with a methodology (the “current expected credit losses model,” or “CECL model”) that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under the CECL model, the allowance for losses on financial assets, measured at amortized cost, reflects management’s estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of such assets.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 (the “new CECL standard”) as of October 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of Shareholders’ equity as of October 1, 2023. The adoption primarily impacted the estimation of our Allowance for credit losses for Accounts receivable and Financing receivables. Additionally, it affected allowance for credit losses of contract assets with effects being immaterial. The total impact recorded on our initial adoption of ASU 2016-13 as of October 1, 2023 included an increase of Accounts receivable, net of $67k and a decrease of Financing receivables, net in the amount of $82k with the total adjustment decreasing retained earnings of $15k. For the accounting policies adopted and details of impacts from adoption refer to Note 4 - Accounts receivable, net and Note 5 - Financing receivables, net.

Recently Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07), which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this pronouncement on its disclosures.