10-Q

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from__________ to __________

Commission File No.: 000-09881

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

VIRGINIA	54-1162807
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

500 Shentel Way, Edinburg, Virginia    22824

(Address of principal executive offices)  (Zip Code)

(540) 984-4141

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes  ☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☑	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company☐	Emerging growth company☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐    No  ☑

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding on April 26, 2017 was 49,109,626. 

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY

INDEX

		Page Numbers
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016	4	-	5
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	6
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and the Year Ended December 31, 2016	7
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	8	-	9
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10	-	17
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18	-	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	32
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	34
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34
Item 6.	Exhibits	34
	Signatures	36
	Exhibit Index	37

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

ASSETS	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	39,927	$	36,193
Accounts receivable, net	68,709		69,789
Inventory, net	24,855		39,043
Prepaid expenses and other	16,989		16,440
Total current assets	150,480		161,465
Investments, including $3,058 and $2,907 carried at fair value	10,607		10,276
Property, plant and equipment, net	689,948		698,122
Other Assets
Intangible assets, net	443,308		454,532
Goodwill	144,001		145,256
Deferred charges and other assets, net	14,645		14,756
Total assets	$	1,452,989	$	1,484,407

(Continued)

4

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Current Liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	38,124	$	32,041
Accounts payable	25,390		72,810
Advanced billings and customer deposits	21,029		20,427
Accrued compensation	3,678		9,465
Income taxes payable	3,958		435
Accrued liabilities and other	18,174		29,085
Total current liabilities	110,353		164,263
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	810,873		797,224
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Deferred income taxes	149,763		151,837
Deferred lease payable	19,230		18,042
Asset retirement obligations	19,386		15,666
Retirement plan obligations	17,892		17,738
Other liabilities	26,057		23,743
Total other long-term liabilities	232,328		227,026
Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock	46,083		45,482
Retained earnings	245,965		243,624
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes	7,387		6,788
Total shareholders’ equity	299,435		295,894
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	1,452,989	$	1,484,407

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Operating revenues	$	153,880		$	92,571
Operating expenses:
Cost of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	53,761			31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	40,153			21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	4,489			332
Depreciation and amortization	44,804			17,739
Total operating expenses	143,207			71,259
Operating income	10,673			21,312
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(9,100		)	(1,619		)
Gain on investments, net	120			88
Non-operating income, net	1,255			468
Income before income taxes	2,948			20,249
Income tax expense	607			6,368
Net income	2,341			13,881
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate hedge, net of tax	599			(1,048		)
Comprehensive income	$	2,940		$	12,833
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.05		$	0.29
Diluted	$	0.05		$	0.28
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic	49,050			48,563
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted	49,834			49,249

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

	Shares		Common Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax		Total
Balance, December 31, 2015	48,475		$	32,776		$	256,747		$	415	$	289,938
Net loss	—		—			(895		)	—		(895		)
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax	—		—			—			6,373		6,373
Dividends declared ($0.25 per share)	—		—			(12,228		)	—		(12,228		)
Dividends reinvested in common stock	19		524			—			—		524
Stock based compensation	—		3,506			—			—		3,506
Stock options exercised	371		3,359			—			—		3,359
Common stock issued for share awards	190		—			—			—		—
Common stock issued	2		14			—			—		14
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos	76		10,400			—			—		10,400
Common stock repurchased	(198	)	(5,097		)	—			—		(5,097		)
Balance, December 31, 2016	48,935		$	45,482		$	243,624		$	6,788	$	295,894
Net income	—		—			2,341			—		2,341
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax	—		—			—			599		599
Stock based compensation	—		1,822			—			—		1,822
Common stock issued for share awards	129		—			—			—		—
Common stock issued	1		5			—			—		5
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos	76		—			—			—		—
Common stock repurchased	(43	)	(1,226		)	—			—		(1,226		)
Balance, March 31, 2017	49,098		$	46,083		$	245,965		$	7,387	$	299,435

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net income	$	2,341		$	13,881
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	37,878			17,454
Amortization reflected as operating expense	6,926			285
Amortization reflected as contra revenue	4,978			—
Amortization reflected as rent expense	258			—
Provision for bad debt	420			345
Straight line adjustment to management fee revenue	4,206			—
Stock based compensation expense	1,566			1,048
Deferred income taxes	(2,910		)	(1,489		)
Net gain on disposal of equipment	(28		)	(15		)
Unrealized gain on investments	(120		)	(16		)
Net gains from patronage and equity investments	(200		)	(210		)
Amortization of long term debt issuance costs	1,202			132
Other	—			3,039
Changes in assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in:
Accounts receivable	1,629			2,470
Inventory, net	14,188			(267		)
Other assets	(190		)	988
Increase (decrease) in:
Accounts payable	(39,399		)	1,895
Income taxes payable	3,523			6,981
Deferred lease payable	1,331			208
Other deferrals and accruals	(13,101		)	(3,559		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	24,498			43,170
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	(38,587		)	(20,537		)
Proceeds from sale of equipment	117			145
Cash distributions from investments	3			45
Additional contributions to investments	(14		)	—
Cash disbursed for acquisition	—			(2,480		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(38,481		)	(22,827		)

(Continued)

8

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Principal payments on long-term debt	$	(6,062	)	$	(5,750	)
Amounts borrowed under debt agreements	25,000			—
Cash paid for debt issuance costs	—			(1,528		)
Repurchases of common stock	(1,226		)	(3,526		)
Proceeds from issuances of common stock	5			2,809
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	17,717			(7,995		)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	3,734			12,348
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning	36,193			76,812
Ending	$	39,927		$	89,160
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash payments for:
Interest, net of capitalized interest of $577 and $146, respectively	$	8,380		$	1,632
Income taxes paid, net of refunds received	$	—		$	876

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

At March 31, 2017 and 2016, accounts payable included approximately $6.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, associated with capital expenditures. Cash flows for accounts payable and acquisition of property, plant and equipment exclude this activity.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded an increase in the fair value of interest rate swaps of $972 thousand, an increase in deferred tax liabilities of $373 thousand, and an increase to accumulated other comprehensive income of $599 thousand.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

9

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Basis of Presentation

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Shenandoah Telecommunications Company and Subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are unaudited.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the interim results have been reflected therein.  All such adjustments were of a normal and recurring nature.  Prior year amounts have been reclassified in some cases to conform to the current year presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The accompanying balance sheet information at December 31, 2016 was derived from the audited December 31, 2016 consolidated balance sheet. Operating revenues and income (loss) from operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year.

2. Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint

On May 6, 2016, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. (“nTelos”) for $667.8 million, net of cash acquired.  The acquisition was entered into to improve shareholder value through the expansion of the Company's Wireless service area and customer base while strengthening our relationship with Sprint Corporation ("Sprint"). The purchase price was financed by a credit facility arranged by CoBank, ACB, Royal Bank of Canada, Fifth Third Bank, Bank of America, N.A., Capital One, National Association, Citizens Bank N.A., and Toronto Dominion (Texas) LLC.  The Company has accounted for the acquisition of nTelos under the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, “Business Combinations”, and has accounted for measurement period adjustments under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-16, “Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement Period Adjustments”.  Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values.

The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon management’s preliminary valuation of the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed of nTelos, with the excess recorded as goodwill. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company made adjustments to the preliminary estimates of fair value resulting in immaterial changes to previously estimated fair values of fixed assets, asset retirement obligation liabilities, accounts receivable and deferred taxes. These adjustments resulted in a $1.3 million reduction to goodwill as shown in the table below. The Company continues to review certain tax positions acquired in the nTelos acquisition.

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2017 are shown below (in thousands):

	December 31, 2016		Purchase Accounting Adjustments			March 31, 2017
Goodwill - Wireline segment	$	10	$	—		$	10
Goodwill - Cable segment	104		—			104
Goodwill - Wireless segment	145,142		(1,255		)	143,887
Goodwill as of March 31, 2017	$	145,256	$	(1,255	)	$	144,001

Following are the unaudited pro forma results of the Company for the period ended March 31, 2016, as if the acquisition of nTelos had occurred at the beginning of the period. (in thousands)

	March 31, 2016
Operating revenues	$	173,248
Income before income taxes	$	16,905

In connection with these transactions, the Company incurs costs which include the nTelos back office staff and support functions until the nTelos legacy customers are migrated to the Sprint billing platform; costs of the handsets to be provided to

10

nTelos legacy customers as they migrate to the Sprint billing platform; severance costs for back office and other former nTelos employees who will not be retained permanently; and costs to shut down certain cell sites and related backhaul contracts. We have incurred $7.1 million of these costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017, including $0.1 million reflected in cost of goods and services and $2.5 million reflected in selling, general and administrative costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017.

3. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Plant in service	$	1,124,446	$	1,085,318
Plant under construction	61,980		73,759
	1,186,426		1,159,077
Less accumulated amortization and depreciation	496,478		460,955
Net property, plant and equipment	$	689,948	$	698,122

4. Earnings per share

Basic net income per share was computed on the weighted average number of shares outstanding.  Diluted net income per share was computed under the treasury stock method, assuming the conversion as of the beginning of the period, for all dilutive stock options.  Of 913 thousand and 991 thousand shares and options outstanding at March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, 125 thousand and 136 thousand were anti-dilutive, respectively.  These shares and options have been excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share for their respective period. There were no adjustments to net income for either period.

5. Investments

Investments include $3.1 million and $2.9 million of investments carried at fair value as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, consisting of equity, bond and money market mutual funds.  Investments carried at fair value were acquired under a rabbi trust arrangement related to the Company’s nonqualified Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP”). The Company purchases investments in the trust to mirror the investment elections of participants in the SERP; gains and losses on the investments in the trust are reflected as increases or decreases in the liability owed to the participants. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized $32 thousand in dividend and interest income from investments, and recorded net unrealized gains of $120 thousand on these investments. Fair values for these investments held under the rabbi trust were determined by Level 1 quoted market prices for the underlying mutual funds.

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, other investments, comprised of equity securities which do not have readily determinable fair values, consist of the following:

	3/31/2017		12/31/2016
Cost method:	(in thousands)
CoBank	$	6,296	$	6,177
Other – Equity in other telecommunications partners	740		742
	7,036		6,919
Equity method:
Other	513		450
Total other investments	$	7,549	$	7,369

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6. Financial Instruments

Financial instruments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets that approximate fair value include:  cash and cash equivalents, receivables, investments carried at fair value, payables, accrued liabilities, interest rate swaps and variable rate long-term debt.

7. Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activitiesand Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to cash flows and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps (both those designated as cash flow hedges as well as those not designated as cash flow hedges) involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

The Company entered into a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap of $174.6 million of notional principal in September 2012.  This interest rate swap was designated as a cash flow hedge.  The outstanding notional amount of this cash flow hedge was $131.0 million as of March 31, 2017.  The outstanding notional amount decreases based upon scheduled principal payments on the 2012 debt.

In May 2016, the Company entered into a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap of $256.6 million of notional principal with three counterparties.   This interest rate swap was designated as a cash flow hedge.  The outstanding notional amount of this cash flow hedge was $302.4 million as of March 31, 2017.  The outstanding notional amount increases based upon draws expected to be made under a portion of the Company's Term Loan A-2 debt and as the 2012 interest rate swap's notional principal decreases, and will decrease as the Company makes scheduled principal payments on the 2016 debt.  In combination with the swap entered into in 2012 described above, the Company is hedging approximately 50% of the expected outstanding debt.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The Company uses its derivatives to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings through interest expense. No hedge ineffectiveness was recognized during any of the periods presented.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the interest rate swaps designated and qualified as a cash flow hedge, are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. As of March 31, 2017, the Company estimates that $237 thousand will be reclassified as a reduction of interest expense during the next twelve months.

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instrument as well as its classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands): 

	Derivatives
		Fair Value as of
	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap
	Prepaid expenses and other	$	237	$	—
	Deferred charges and other assets, net	11,958		12,118
	Accrued liabilities and other	—		(895		)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments		$	12,195	$	11,223

The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market (level 2 fair value inputs).

12

The table below presents change in accumulated other comprehensive income by component for the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

	Gains on Cash Flow  Hedges		Income Tax  Expense			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	11,223	$	(4,435	)	$	6,788
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	541		(208		)	333
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	431		(165		)	266
Net current period other comprehensive income	972		(373		)	599
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	12,195	$	(4,808	)	$	7,387

8. Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets consist of the following at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	March 31, 2017							December 31, 2016
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Non-amortizing intangibles:
Cable franchise rights	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334
Railroad crossing rights	97		—			97		97		—			97
	64,431		—			64,431		64,431		—			64,431
Finite-lived intangibles:
Affiliate contract expansion	284,102		(19,008		)	265,094		284,102		(14,030		)	270,072
Acquired subscribers – wireless	120,855		(25,387		)	95,468		120,855		(18,738		)	102,117
Favorable leases - wireless	16,950		(1,531		)	15,419		16,950		(1,130		)	15,820
Acquired subscribers – cable	25,265		(24,802		)	463		25,265		(24,631		)	634
Other intangibles	3,230		(797		)	2,433		2,212		(754		)	1,458
Total finite-lived intangibles	450,402		(71,525		)	378,877		449,384		(59,283		)	390,101
Total intangible assets	$	514,833	$	(71,525	)	$	443,308	$	513,815	$	(59,283	)	$	454,532

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9. Accrued and Other liabilities

Accrued liabilities and other includes the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Sales and property taxes payable	$	4,742	$	6,628
Severance accrual, current portion	3,553		4,267
Asset retirement obligations, current portion	884		5,841
Other current liabilities	8,995		12,349
Accrued liabilities and other	$	18,174	$	29,085

Other liabilities include the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Non-current portion of deferred revenues	$	7,735	$	8,933
Straight-line management fee waiver	16,180		11,974
Other	2,142		2,836
Other liabilities	$	26,057	$	23,743

10. Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit

Total debt at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consists of the following:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Term loan A-1	$	466,813	$	472,875
Term loan A-2	400,000		375,000
	866,813		847,875
Less: unamortized loan fees	17,816		18,610
Total debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	848,997	$	829,265
Current maturities of long term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	38,124	$	32,041
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	$	810,873	$	797,224

As of March 31, 2017, our indebtedness totaled $866.8 million in term loans with an annualized effective interest rate of approximately 3.91% after considering the impact of the interest rate swap contract and unamortized loan costs.  The balance consists of the $466.8 million Term Loan A-1 at a variable rate (3.73% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.75%, and the $400 million Term Loan A-2 at a variable rate (3.98% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 3.00%.  The Term Loan A-1 requires quarterly principal repayments of $6.1 million through June 30, 2017, then increasing to $12.1 million quarterly through June 30, 2020, with further increases at that time through maturity in June 30, 2021.  The Term Loan A-2 requires quarterly principal repayments of $10.0 million beginning on September 30, 2018 through March 31, 2023, with the remaining balance due June 30, 2023.

The Company is subject to certain financial covenants to be measured on a trailing twelve month basis each calendar quarter unless otherwise specified.  These covenants include:

• a limitation on the Company’s total leverage ratio, defined as indebtedness divided by earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, of less than or equal to 3.75 to 1.00 from the closing date through December 30, 2018, then 3.25 to 1.00 through December 30, 2019, and 3.00 to 1.00 thereafter;

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• a minimum debt service coverage ratio, defined as EBITDA minus certain cash taxes divided by the sum of all scheduled principal payments on the Term Loans and scheduled principal payments on other indebtedness plus cash interest expense, greater than 2.00 to 1.00;

• the Company must maintain a minimum liquidity balance, defined as availability under the revolver facility plus unrestricted cash and cash equivalents on deposit in a deposit account for which a control agreement has been delivered to the administrative agent under the 2016 credit agreement, of greater than $25 million at all times.

These ratios are generally less restrictive than the covenant ratios the Company had been required to comply with under its previously existing debt arrangements.  As shown below, as of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants in its credit agreements.

	Actual	Covenant Requirement
Total Leverage Ratio	2.88	3.75 or Lower
Debt Service Coverage Ratio	4.56	2.00 or Higher
Minimum Liquidity Balance	$113 million	$25 million or Higher

11. Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker.  The Company has three reportable segments, which the Company operates and manages as strategic business units organized by lines of business: (1) Wireless, (2) Cable, and (3) Wireline.   A fourth segment, Other, primarily includes Shenandoah Telecommunications Company, the parent holding company.

Prior to the recent acquisition of nTelos, the Wireless segment had provided digital wireless service to a portion of a four-state area covering the region from Harrisburg, York and Altoona, Pennsylvania, to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as a Sprint PCS Affiliate. With the recent acquisition, the Company's wireless service has expanded to include south-central and western Virginia, West Virginia, and small portions of Kentucky and Ohio. This segment also owns cell site towers built on leased land, and leases space on these towers to both affiliates and non-affiliated service providers.

The Cable segment provides video, internet and voice services in Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout southern Virginia and West Virginia. It does not include video, internet and voice services provided to customers in Shenandoah County, Virginia.

The Wireline segment provides regulated and unregulated voice services, DSL internet access, and long distance access services throughout Shenandoah County and portions of Rockingham, Frederick, Warren and Augusta counties, Virginia. The segment also provides video and cable modem services in portions of Shenandoah County, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, northern Virginia and adjacent areas along the Interstate 81 corridor through West Virginia, Maryland and portions of central and southern Pennsylvania.

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Three months ended March 31, 2017

(in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	108,186	$	26,411	$	5,048	$	—		$	—		$	139,645
Other	6,042		2,035		6,158		—			—			14,235
Total external revenues	114,228		28,446		11,206		—			—			153,880
Internal revenues	1,235		567		7,948		—			(9,750		)	—
Total operating revenues	115,463		29,013		19,154		—			(9,750		)	153,880
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	38,318		15,228		9,273		—			(9,058		)	53,761
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	28,464		4,858		1,676		5,847			(692		)	40,153
Integration and acquisition expenses	3,792		—		—		697			—			4,489
Depreciation and amortization	35,752		5,788		3,132		132			—			44,804
Total operating expenses	106,326		25,874		14,081		6,676			(9,750		)	143,207
Operating income (loss)	$	9,137	$	3,139	$	5,073	$	(6,676	)	$	—		$	10,673

Three months ended March 31, 2016

 (in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	52,179	$	24,340	$	4,960	$	—		$	—		$	81,479
Other	3,203		1,846		6,043		—						11,092
Total external revenues	55,382		26,186		11,003		—			—			92,571
Internal revenues	1,136		260		7,376					(8,772		)	—
Total operating revenues	56,518		26,446		18,379		—			(8,772		)	92,571
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	16,578		14,647		8,643		—			(8,106		)	31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	11,514		5,108		1,605		3,865			(666		)	21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	—		—		—		332			—			332
Depreciation and amortization	8,494		6,095		3,033		117			—			17,739
Total operating expenses	36,586		25,850		13,281		4,314			(8,772		)	71,259
Operating income (loss)	$	19,932	$	596	$	5,098	$	(4,314	)	$	—		$	21,312

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A reconciliation of the total of the reportable segments’ operating income (loss) to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Total consolidated operating income	$	10,673		$	21,312
Interest expense	(9,100		)	(1,619		)
Non-operating income, net	1,375			556
Income before income taxes	$	2,948		$	20,249

The Company’s assets by segment are as follows:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Wireless	$	1,039,211		$	1,101,716
Cable	220,519			218,471
Wireline	116,390			115,282
Other	1,070,204			1,059,898
Combined totals	2,446,324			2,495,367
Inter-segment eliminations	(993,335		)	(1,010,960		)
Consolidated totals	$	1,452,989		$	1,484,407

12. Income Taxes

The Company files U.S. federal income tax returns and various state and local income tax returns.  With few exceptions, years prior to 2013 are no longer subject to examination; net operating losses acquired in the nTelos acquisition are open to examination from 2002 forward. The Company is not subject to any state or federal income tax audits as of March 31, 2017.

13. Adoption of New Accounting Principles

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company adopted one new accounting principle: Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2015-11, "Inventory: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory". This ASU changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to lower of cost and net realizable value. The ASU also eliminates the requirement for entities to consider replacement cost or net realizable value less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. The adoption of this ASU did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

14. Subsequent Events

On March 9, 2017, the Company and Sprint entered into Addendum XX to the Sprint PCS Management Agreement. Addendum XX provides for (i) an expansion of the Company’s “Service Area” (as defined in the Sprint PCS Management Agreement) to include certain areas in Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio and West Virginia (the “Expansion Area”), (ii) certain network build out requirements in the Expansion Area over the next three years, (iii) the Company’s provision of prepaid field sales support to Sprint and its affiliates in the Service Area, (iv) Sprint’s provision of spectrum use to the Company in the Expansion Area, (v) the addition of Horizon Personal Communications, LLC, as a party to the Sprint PCS Management Agreement and the Sprint PCS Services Agreement (collectively, the “Affiliate Agreements”) and (vi) certain other amendments to the Affiliate Agreements.

In connection with the execution of Addendum XX, on March 9, 2017, the Company and certain affiliates of Sprint entered into an agreement to, among other things, transfer to Sprint certain customers in the Expansion Area and the underlying customer agreements, and to transition the provision of network coverage in the Expansion Area from Sprint to the Company. The expanded territory includes approximately 500 thousand market POPs and approximately 21 thousand Sprint customers.

The Company and Sprint closed on this transaction on April 6, 2017.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This management’s discussion and analysis includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  When used in this report, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan” and similar expressions as they relate to Shenandoah Telecommunications Company or its management are intended to identify these forward-looking statements.  All statements regarding Shenandoah Telecommunications Company’s expected future financial position and operating results, business strategy, financing plans, forecasted trends relating to the markets in which Shenandoah Telecommunications Company operates and similar matters are forward-looking statements.  We cannot assure you that the Company’s expectations expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements will turn out to be correct.  The Company’s actual results could be materially different from its expectations because of various factors, including those discussed below and under the caption “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.  The following management’s discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, including the financial statements and related notes included therein.

General

Overview: Shenandoah Telecommunications Company is a diversified telecommunications company providing both regulated and unregulated telecommunications services through its wholly owned subsidiaries.  These subsidiaries provide wireless personal communications services (as a Sprint PCS affiliate), local exchange telephone services, video, internet and data services, long distance services, fiber optics facilities, and leased tower facilities. We have three reportable segments, which we operate and manage as strategic business units organized by lines of business: (1) Wireless, (2) Cable, and (3) Wireline.

* The Wireless segment has historically provided digital wireless service as a Sprint PCS Affiliate to a portion of a four-state area covering the region from Harrisburg, York and Altoona, Pennsylvania, to Harrisonburg, Virginia.  Following the acquisition of nTelos on May 6, 2016, the Company’s wireless service area expanded to include south-central and western Virginia, West Virginia, and small portions of Kentucky and Ohio.  In these areas, we are the exclusive provider of Sprint-branded wireless mobility communications network products and services on the 800 MHz, 1900 MHz and 2.5 GHz bands.  This segment also owns cell site towers built on leased land, and leases space on these towers to both affiliates and non-affiliated service providers.

* The Cable segment provides video, internet and voice services in franchise areas in portions of Virginia, West Virginia and western Maryland, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout its service area. It does not include video, internet and voice services provided to customers in Shenandoah County, Virginia.

* The Wireline segment provides regulated and unregulated voice services, DSL internet access, and long distance access services throughout Shenandoah County and portions of Rockingham, Frederick, Warren and Augusta counties, Virginia. The segment also provides video and cable modem internet access services in portions of Shenandoah County, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, northern Virginia and adjacent areas along the Interstate 81 corridor through West Virginia, Maryland and portions of central and southern Pennsylvania.

A fourth segment, Other, primarily includes Shenandoah Telecommunications Company, the parent holding company, and includes corporate costs of executive management, information technology, legal, finance, and human resources. This segment also includes certain acquisition and integration costs primarily consisting of severance accruals for short-term nTelos employees to be separated as integration activities wind down and transaction related expenses such as investment advisor, legal and other professional fees.

Acquisition of nTelos and Exchange with Sprint: On May 6, 2016, we completed our previously announced acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. (“nTelos”) for $667.8 million, net of cash acquired.  The purchase price was financed by a credit facility arranged by CoBank, ACB.  We have included the operations of nTelos for financial reporting purposes for periods subsequent to the acquisition.

The Company expects to incur approximately $23 million of integration and acquisition expenses associated with this transaction in 2017, in addition to the $54.7 million of such costs incurred during 2016.  We have incurred $7.1 million of these costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017. These costs include $0.1 million reflected in cost of goods and services and $2.5 million reflected in selling, general and administrative costs in the three month period ended March 31, 2017. In addition to the approximately $78 million of incurred and expected expenses described above, the Company also incurred

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approximately $23 million of debt issuance costs in 2015 and 2016 relating to this transaction, for a total expected cost of $101 million.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

Our consolidated results for the first quarter of 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Change
(in thousands)	2017			2016			$			%
Operating revenues	$	153,880		$	92,571		$	61,309		66.2
Operating expenses	143,207			71,259			71,948			101.0
Operating income	10,673			21,312			(10,639		)	(49.9	)
Interest expense	(9,100		)	(1,619		)	(7,481		)	462.1
Other income, net	1,375			556			819			147.3
Income before taxes	2,948			20,249			(17,301		)	(85.4	)
Income tax expense	607			6,368			(5,761		)	(90.5	)
Net income	$	2,341		$	13,881		$	(11,540	)	(83.1	)

Operating revenues

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, operating revenues increased $61.3 million, or 66.2%. Wireless segment revenues increased $58.9 million compared to the first quarter of 2016; nearly all of this increase was a result of the acquisition of nTelos on May 6, 2016. Cable segment revenues grew $2.6 million primarily as a result of 2.2% growth in average subscriber counts and an increase in revenue per subscriber.  Wireline segment revenues increased $0.8 million, primarily due to increases in fiber sales.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were $143.2 million in the first quarter of 2017 compared to $71.3 million in the prior year period.  Operating expenses in the first quarter of 2017 included $4.5 million of integration and acquisition costs associated with the nTelos acquisition, including $3.8 million on the Wireless segment and $0.7 million in the Other segment.  Selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of goods and services in the Wireless segment included an additional $2.6 million of nTelos-related customer care and other back office costs related to supporting the nTelos legacy customers until the migration of these customers is completed. Wireless segment operating expenses increased $63.3 million (excluding the $6.4 million of customer care, integration and acquisition expenses described above), primarily due to on-going costs associated with the acquired nTelos operations including $27.3 million of incremental depreciation and amortization expenses.  All other operating expenses increased $2.2 million, net of eliminations of intersegment activities.

Acquisition and integration costs on the Other segment primarily consisted of transaction related expenses such as legal and other professional fees.  On the Wireless segment, such costs included handsets provided to nTelos subscribers who needed a new phone to transition to the Sprint billing platform, costs associated with terminating duplicative cell site leases and backhaul circuits, and personnel costs associated with short-term nTelos employees required to migrate former nTelos customers to the Sprint back-office.

Interest expense

Interest expense has increased primarily as a result of the incremental borrowings associated with closing the nTelos acquisition and the effect of two interest rate increases implemented by the Federal Reserve in late 2016 and early 2017. The impact of the interest rate increases has been offset by a swap that covers 50% of the outstanding principal under the new debt. Other changes include increased debt cost amortization reflecting the incremental costs of entering into the new debt, partially offset by increased capitalization of interest to capital projects.

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Income tax expense

The Company's actual effective income tax rate decreased from 31.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 to 20.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2017.  The difference for both periods between the actual effective income tax rate and the statutory income tax rate results primarily from excess tax deductions on share grant vestings and certain stock option exercises, which are recognized as incurred. The Company recognized $1.7 million in excess deductions in the three months ended March 2017 compared to $4.5 million in excess deductions in the same period of 2016; however, the March 31, 2017 excess deductions represented a larger share of pre-tax income, reducing the effective rate more in in the three months ended March 31, 2017 than the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Net income

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, net income decreased $11.5 million, or 83.1% over March 31, 2016, primarily reflecting increased depreciation and amortization, straight-lining of certain Sprint fee credits, and higher interest on the increased balance of outstanding debt as a result of the nTelos acquisition, net of taxes.

Wireless

Our Wireless segment historically provided digital wireless service to a portion of a four-state area covering the region from Harrisburg, York and Altoona, Pennsylvania, to Harrisonburg, Virginia, through Shenandoah Personal Communications, LLC (“PCS”), a Sprint PCS Affiliate.  Following the acquisition of nTelos in May 2016, our wireless service territory expanded to include south-central and western Virginia, West Virginia, and small portions of Kentucky and Ohio.  Through Shenandoah Mobile, LLC (“Mobile”), this segment also leases land on which it builds Company-owned cell towers, which it leases to affiliates and non-affiliated wireless service providers, throughout the same multi-state area described above.

PCS receives revenues from Sprint for subscribers that obtain service in PCS’s network coverage area.  PCS relies on Sprint to provide timely, accurate and complete information to record the appropriate revenue for each financial period.  Postpaid revenues received from Sprint are recorded net of certain fees retained by Sprint.  Since January 1, 2016, the fees retained by Sprint are 16.6%, and certain revenue and expense items previously included in these fees became separately settled.

We also offer prepaid wireless products and services in our PCS network coverage area.  Sprint retains a Management Fee equal to 6% of prepaid customer billings.  Prepaid revenues received from Sprint are reported net of the cost of this fee.  Other fees charged on a per unit basis are separately recorded as expenses according to the nature of the expense.  We pay handset subsidies to Sprint for the difference between the selling price of prepaid handsets and their cost, recorded as a net cost in cost of goods sold.  The revenue and expense components reported to us by Sprint are based on Sprint’s national averages for prepaid services, rather than being specifically determined by customers assigned to our geographic service areas.

The following tables show selected operating statistics of the Wireless segment as of the dates shown:

	March 31, 2017	December 31, 2016	March 31, 2016	December 31, 2015
Retail PCS Subscribers – Postpaid	717,150	722,562	315,231	312,512
Retail PCS Subscribers – Prepaid	243,557	236,138	142,539	142,840
PCS Market POPS (000) (1)	5,536	5,536	2,437	2,433
PCS Covered POPS (000) (1)	4,836	4,807	2,230	2,224
CDMA Base Stations (sites)	1,476	1,467	556	552
Towers Owned	196	196	157	158
Non-affiliate Cell Site Leases	206	202	202	202

The changes from March 31, 2016 to December 31, 2016 shown above include the effects of the nTelos acquisition and the exchange with Sprint on May 6, 2016.

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	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016
Gross PCS Subscriber Additions – Postpaid	38,701		17,356
Net PCS Subscriber Additions (Losses) – Postpaid	(5,412	)	2,719
Gross PCS Subscriber Additions – Prepaid	42,168		21,231
Net PCS Subscriber Additions (Losses) – Prepaid	7,419		(301	)
PCS Average Monthly Retail Churn % - Postpaid (2)	2.05	%	1.56	%
PCS Average Monthly Retail Churn % - Prepaid (2)	4.86	%	5.05	%

1) POPS refers to the estimated population of a given geographic area and is based on information purchased from third party sources.  Market POPS are those within a market area which we are authorized to serve under our Sprint PCS affiliate agreements, and Covered POPS are those covered by our network.

2) PCS Average Monthly Retail Churn is the average of the monthly subscriber turnover, or churn, calculations for the period.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change
	2017		2016		$			%
Segment operating revenues
Wireless service revenue	$	108,186	$	52,179	$	56,007		107.3
Tower lease revenue	2,882		2,750		132			4.8
Equipment revenue	3,145		1,454		1,691			116.3
Other revenue	1,250		135		1,115			NM
Total segment operating revenues	115,463		56,518		58,945			104.3
Segment operating expenses
Cost of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	38,318		16,578		21,740			131.1
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	28,464		11,514		16,950			147.2
Integration and acquisition expenses	3,792		—		3,792			NM
Depreciation and amortization	35,752		8,494		27,258			320.9
Total segment operating expenses	106,326		36,586		69,740			190.6
Segment operating income	$	9,137	$	19,932	$	(10,795	)	(54.2	)

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Service Revenues

Wireless service revenue increased $56.0 million, or 107.3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to the March 31, 2016, period. See table below.

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31,						Change
Service Revenues	2017			2016			$			%
Postpaid net billings (1)	$	92,989		$	45,638		$	47,351		103.8
Sprint fees
Management fee	(7,383		)	(3,651		)	(3,732		)	102.2
Net service fee	(7,200		)	(3,934		)	(3,266		)	83.0
Waiver of management fee	7,383			—			7,383			NM
	(7,200		)	(7,585		)	385			(5.1	)
Prepaid net billings
Gross billings	25,945			13,083			12,862			98.3
Sprint management fee	(1,557		)	(785		)	(772		)	98.3
Waiver of management fee	1,557			—			1,557			NM
	25,945			12,298			13,647			111.0
Travel and other revenues	5,636			1,828			3,808			208.3
Accounting adjustments
Amortization of expanded affiliate agreement	(4,978		)	—			(4,978		)	NM
Straight-line adjustment - management fee waiver	(4,206		)	—			(4,206		)	NM
	(9,184		)	—			(9,184		)	NM
Total Service Revenues	$	108,186		$	52,179		$	56,007		107.3

(1) Postpaid net billings are defined under the terms of the affiliate contract with Sprint to be the gross billings to customers within our service territory less billing credits and adjustments and allocated write-offs of uncollectible accounts.

Operating revenues

The changes in Wireless segment service revenues shown in the table above are almost exclusively a result of the nTelos acquisition in May 2016. Postpaid subscribers have increased by 402 thousand from March 31, 2016 to March 31, 2017 with 387 thousand of them in the former nTelos service area as of March 31, 2017. Prepaid subscribers have increased by 101 thousand over the same time period. There were 110 thousand prepaid subscribers in the former nTelos service area as of March 31, 2017.

In addition to the subscribers acquired as a result of the acquisition, we recorded an asset related to the changes to the Sprint affiliate agreement, including the right to serve new subscribers in the nTelos footprint, as previously described.  That asset is being amortized through the expiration of the current initial term of that contract in 2029 and, as a result, we recorded $5.0 million in amortization in the first quarter of 2017.   Sprint agreed to waive certain management fees that they would otherwise be entitled to under the affiliate agreement in exchange for our commitment to buy nTelos, upgrade its network and support the former nTelos and Sprint customers.  The fees waived are being recognized on a straight-line basis over the remainder of the initial term of the contract through 2029 and, as a result, we recorded an adjustment of $4.2 million in the first quarter of 2017.

Other operating revenues

The increases in equipment revenue and other revenue also resulted primarily from the nTelos acquisition, with the increase in other revenue primarily representing regulatory recovery revenues related to billings to customers before migration to the Sprint billing system, whereas Sprint retains the billing and related expenses and liabilities under our affiliate agreement.

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Cost of goods and services

Cost of goods and services increased $21.7 million, or 131.1%, in 2017 from the first quarter of 2016. The increase results primarily from increases in cell site rent, power, maintenance and backhaul costs for the incremental 868 cell sites in the nTelos territory of $19.3 million, as well as the related growth in the cost of network technicians to service and maintain these sites of $1.1 million.   Cost of goods and services also included $0.1 million of costs to support nTelos legacy billing operations until customers migrate to Sprint’s back office systems.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative costs increased $16.9 million, or 147.2%, in the first quarter of 2017 from the comparable 2016 period, again primarily due to the acquisition of nTelos in May 2016.  Increases include $3.2 million of incremental separately settled national channel commissions, $4.7 million related to incremental stores acquired as a result of the nTelos acquisition, $0.9 million in incremental sales and marketing efforts to communicate with and migrate the remaining nTelos legacy customers over to the Sprint platforms, and $1.3 million in other administrative costs related to the acquired operations. Costs associated with prepaid wireless offerings increased $4.3 million.  Selling, general and administrative costs also included $2.5 million of costs to support nTelos legacy billing operations until customers migrate to Sprint’s back office systems.

Integration and acquisition

Integration and acquisition expenses of $3.8 million in the first quarter of 2017 include approximately $3.7 million for replacement handsets issued to former nTelos subscribers migrated to the Sprint billing platform and $0.7 million in other expenses, partially offset by $0.6 million in reductions of previously estimated costs to terminate duplicative cell site leases and backhaul contracts.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased $27.3 million, or 321%, in the first quarter of 2017 over the comparable 2016 period, due primarily to $20.0 million in incremental depreciation largely on the acquired fixed assets, and $6.7 million in amortization of customer based intangibles recorded in the acquisition. 

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Cable

The Cable segment provides video, internet and voice services in franchise areas in portions of Virginia, West Virginia and western Maryland, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout its service area. It does not include video, internet and voice services provided to customers in Shenandoah County, Virginia, which are included in the Wireline segment. Increases in homes passed, available homes and video customers between December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016, resulted from the Colane acquisition on January 1, 2016.

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Homes Passed (1)	184,819		184,710		181,375		172,538
Customer Relationships (2)
Video customers	47,160		48,512		50,195		48,184
Non-video customers	30,765		28,854		26,895		24,550
Total customer relationships	77,925		77,366		77,090		72,734
Video
Customers (3)	49,384		50,618		52,468		50,215
Penetration (4)	26.7	%	27.4	%	28.9	%	29.1	%
Digital video penetration (5)	77.1	%	77.4	%	74.8	%	77.9	%
High-speed Internet
Available Homes (6)	183,935		183,826		180,814		172,538
Customers (3)	61,815		60,495		58,273		55,131
Penetration (4)	33.6	%	32.9	%	32.2	%	32.0	%
Voice
Available Homes (6)	181,198		181,089		178,077		169,801
Customers (3)	21,647		21,352		20,786		20,166
Penetration (4)	11.9	%	11.8	%	11.7	%	11.9	%
Total Revenue Generating Units (7)	132,846		132,465		131,527		125,512
Fiber Route Miles	3,233		3,137		2,955		2,844
Total Fiber Miles (8)	100,799		92,615		80,727		76,949
Average Revenue Generating Units	132,419		131,218		129,604		124,054

1) Homes and businesses are considered passed (“homes passed”) if we can connect them to our distribution system without further extending the transmission lines.  Homes passed is an estimate based upon the best available information.

2) Customer relationships represent the number of customers who receive at least one of our services.

3) Generally, a dwelling or commercial unit with one or more television sets connected to our distribution system counts as one video customer.  Where services are provided on a bulk basis, such as to hotels and some multi-dwelling units, the revenue charged to the customer is divided by the rate for comparable service in the local market to determine the number of customer equivalents included in the customer counts shown above. 

4) Penetration is calculated by dividing the number of customers by the number of homes passed or available homes, as appropriate.

5) Digital video penetration is calculated by dividing the number of digital video customers by total video customers.  Digital video customers are video customers who receive any level of video service via digital transmission.  A dwelling with one or more digital set-top boxes or digital adapters counts as one digital video customer.

6) Homes and businesses are considered available (“available homes”) if we can connect them to our distribution system without further extending the transmission lines and if we offer the service in that area.

7) Revenue generating units are the sum of video, voice and high-speed internet customers.

8) Fiber miles are measured by taking the number of fiber strands in a cable and multiplying that number by the route distance.  For example, a 10 mile route with 144 fiber strands would equal 1,440 fiber miles.

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change
	2017		2016		$			%
Segment operating revenues
Service revenue	$	26,411	$	24,340	$	2,071		8.5
Other revenue	2,602		2,106		496			23.6
Total segment operating revenues	29,013		26,446		2,567			9.7
Segment operating expenses
Cost of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	15,228		14,647		581			4.0
Selling, general, and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	4,858		5,108		(250		)	(4.9	)
Depreciation and amortization	5,788		6,095		(307		)	(5.0	)
Total segment operating expenses	25,874		25,850		24			0.1
Segment operating income	$	3,139	$	596	$	2,543		426.7

Operating revenues

Cable segment service revenues increased $2.1 million, or 8.5%, due to a 2.2% increase in average revenue generating units, video rate increases in January 2017 to offset increases in programming costs, and new and existing customers selecting higher-speed data (HSD) access packages.

Other revenue grew $0.5 million, primarily due to new fiber contracts to towers, schools and libraries.

Operating expenses

Cable segment cost of goods and services increased $0.6 million, or 4.0%, in the first quarter of 2017 over the comparable 2016 period. The increase resulted from higher network and maintenance costs.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.3 million against the prior year quarter due to lower advertising costs.

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Wireline

The Wireline segment provides regulated and unregulated voice services, DSL internet access, and long distance access services throughout Shenandoah County and portions of Rockingham, Frederick, Warren and Augusta counties, Virginia. The segment also provides video and cable modem internet access services in portions of Shenandoah County, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, northern Virginia and adjacent areas along the Interstate 81 corridor through West Virginia, Maryland and portions of Pennsylvania.

	March 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	March 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Telephone Access Lines (1)	18,160	18,443	19,682	20,252
Long Distance Subscribers	9,134	9,149	9,377	9,476
Video Customers (2)	5,201	5,264	5,232	5,356
DSL and Cable Modem Subscribers (1)	14,527	14,314	14,200	13,890
Fiber Route Miles	1,997	1,971	1,744	1,736
Total Fiber Miles (3)	145,060	142,230	125,559	123,891

1) Effective October 1, 2015, we launched cable modem services on our cable plant, and ceased the requirement that a customer have a telephone access line to purchase internet service. As of March 31, 2017, 1,226 customers have purchased cable modem service received via the coaxial cable network.

2) The Wireline segment’s video service passes approximately 16,500 homes.

3) Fiber miles are measured by taking the number of fiber strands in a cable and multiplying that number by the route distance.  For example, a 10 mile route with 144 fiber strands would equal 1,440 fiber miles.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change
(in thousands)	2017		2016		$			%
Segment operating revenues
Service revenue	$	5,602	$	5,537	$	65		1.2
Carrier access and fiber revenues	12,665		11,969		696			5.8
Other revenue	887		873		14			1.6
Total segment operating revenues	19,154		18,379		775			4.2
Segment operating expenses
Cost of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	9,273		8,643		630			7.3
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	1,676		1,605		71			4.4
Depreciation and amortization	3,132		3,033		99			3.3
Total segment operating expenses	14,081		13,281		800			6.0
Segment operating income	$	5,073	$	5,098	$	(25	)	(0.5	)

Operating revenues

Total operating revenues in the quarter ended March 31, 2017 increased $0.8 million, or 4.2%, against the comparable 2016 period, as a result of increases in fiber and access contracts.

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Operating expenses

Operating expenses overall increased $0.8 million, or 6.0%, in the quarter ended March 31, 2017, compared to the 2016 quarter. The $0.6 million increase in cost of goods and services primarily resulted from costs to support the increase in carrier access and fiber revenues shown above.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In managing our business and assessing our financial performance, management supplements the information provided by financial statement measures prepared in accordance with GAAP with Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA, which are considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under SEC rules.

Adjusted OIBDA is defined by us as operating income (loss) before depreciation and amortization, adjusted to exclude the effects of:  certain non-recurring transactions, impairment of assets, gains and losses on asset sales, straight-line adjustments for the waived management fee by Sprint, amortization of the affiliate contract expansion intangible reflected as a contra revenue, actuarial gains and losses on pension and other post-retirement benefit plans, and share-based compensation expense.  Adjusted OIBDA should not be construed as an alternative to operating income as determined in accordance with GAAP as a measure of operating performance.  Continuing OIBDA is defined by us as Adjusted OIBDA, less the benefit received from the waived management fee by Sprint over the next approximately six-year period, showing Sprint's support for our acquisition and our commitments to enhance the network.

In a capital-intensive industry such as telecommunications, management believes that Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA and the associated percentage margin calculations are meaningful measures of our operating performance.  We use Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA as supplemental performance measures because management believes they facilitate comparisons of our operating performance from period to period and comparisons of our operating performance to that of other companies by excluding potential differences caused by the age and book depreciation of fixed assets (affecting relative depreciation expenses) as well as the other items described above for which additional adjustments were made.  In the future, management expects that the Company may again report Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA excluding these items and may incur expenses similar to these excluded items.  Accordingly, the exclusion of these and other similar items from our non-GAAP presentation should not be interpreted as implying these items are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual.

While depreciation and amortization are considered operating costs under generally accepted accounting principles, these expenses primarily represent the current period allocation of costs associated with long-lived assets acquired or constructed in prior periods, and accordingly may obscure underlying operating trends for some purposes.  By isolating the effects of these expenses and other items that vary from period to period without any correlation to our underlying performance, or that vary widely among similar companies, management believes Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance, which are used by management for business planning purposes, and also facilitates comparisons of our performance relative to that of our competitors.  In addition, we believe that Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA and similar measures are widely used by investors and financial analysts as measures of our financial performance over time, and to compare our financial performance with that of other companies in our industry.

Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA have limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.  These limitations include the following:

• they do not reflect capital expenditures;

• many of the assets being depreciated and amortized will have to be replaced in the future and Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA do not reflect cash requirements for such replacements;

• they do not reflect costs associated with share-based awards exchanged for employee services;

• they do not reflect interest expense necessary to service interest or principal payments on indebtedness;

• they do not reflect gains, losses or dividends on investments;

• they do not reflect expenses incurred for the payment of income taxes; and

• other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted and Continuing OIBDA differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

In light of these limitations, management considers Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA as a financial performance measure that supplements but does not replace the information reflected in our GAAP results.

The following table shows Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

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	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017		2016
Adjusted OIBDA	$	73,541	$	40,416
Continuing OIBDA	$	64,601	$	40,416

The following table reconciles Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA to operating income, which we consider to be the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

Consolidated:	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Operating income	$	10,673		$	21,312
Plus depreciation and amortization	44,804			17,739
Plus (gain) loss on asset sales	(28		)	(15		)
Plus share based compensation expense	1,566			1,048
Plus straight line adjustment to management fee waiver	4,206			—
Plus amortization of intangible netted in revenue	4,978			—
Plus amortization of intangible netted in rent expense	258			—
Plus temporary back office costs to support the billing operations through migration (1)	2,595			—
Plus integration and acquisition related expenses	4,489			332
Adjusted OIBDA	$	73,541		$	40,416
Less waived management fee	(8,940		)	—
Continuing OIBDA	$	64,601		$	40,416

(1) Once former nTelos customers migrate to the Sprint back office, the Company incurs certain postpaid fees retained by Sprint that would offset a portion of these savings. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, these offsets were estimated at $0.8 million.

The following tables reconcile adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA to operating income by major segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

Wireless Segment:	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Operating income	$	9,137		$	19,932
Plus depreciation and amortization	35,752			8,494
Plus (gain) loss on asset sales	(24		)	13
Plus share based compensation expense	725			271
Plus straight line adjustment to management fee waiver	4,206			—
Plus amortization of intangible netted in revenue	4,978			—
Plus amortization of intangible netted in rent expense	258			—
Plus temporary back office costs to support the billing operations through migration	2,593			—
Plus integration and acquisition related expenses	3,792			—
Adjusted OIBDA	$	61,417		$	28,710
Less waived management fee	(8,940		)	—
Continuing OIBDA	$	52,477		$	28,710

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Cable Segment:	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Operating income	$	3,139		$	597
Plus depreciation and amortization	5,788			6,095
Less gain on asset sales	(23		)	(13		)
Plus share based compensation expense	364			358
Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA	$	9,268		$	7,037

Wireline Segment:	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017		2016
Operating income	$	5,073	$	5,098
Plus depreciation and amortization	3,132		3,033
Plus loss on asset sales	30		—
Plus share based compensation expense	146		169
Adjusted OIBDA and Continuing OIBDA	$	8,381	$	8,300

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have three principal sources of funds available to meet the financing needs of our operations, capital projects, debt service, and potential dividends.  These sources include cash flows from operations, existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, the liquidation of investments and borrowings.  Management routinely considers the alternatives available to determine what mix of sources are best suited for the long-term benefit of the Company.

Sources and Uses of Cash. We generated $24.5 million of net cash from operations in the first three months of 2017, compared to $43.2 million in the first three months of 2016. The primary change included the timing of cash disbursements in early 2017 for inventories acquired in late 2016.

Indebtedness.  As of March 31, 2017, our indebtedness totaled $866.8 million in term loans with an annualized effective interest rate of approximately 3.91% after considering the impact of the interest rate swap contract and unamortized loan costs.  The balance consists of the $466.8 million Term Loan A-1 at a variable rate (3.73% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.75%, and the $400 million Term Loan A-2 at a variable rate (3.98% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 3.00%.  The Term Loan A-1 requires quarterly principal repayments of $6.1 million through June 30, 2017, then increasing to $12.1 million quarterly through June 30, 2020, with further increases at that time through maturity in June 30, 2021.  The Term Loan A-2 requires quarterly principal repayments of $10.0 million beginning on September 30, 2018 through March 31, 2023, with the remaining balance due June 30, 2023.

We are bound by certain financial covenants under the 2016 credit agreement. Noncompliance with any one or more of the debt covenants may have an adverse effect on our financial condition or liquidity in the event such noncompliance cannot be cured or should we be unable to obtain a waiver from the lenders. As of March 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all debt covenants, and ratios at March 31, 2017 were as follows:

	Actual	Covenant Requirement at March 31, 2017
Total Leverage Ratio	2.88	3.75 or Lower
Debt Service Coverage Ratio	4.56	2.00 or Higher
Minimum Liquidity Balance	$113 million	$25 million or Higher

In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the total leverage and debt service coverage ratios noted above are based on consolidated EBITDA, cash taxes, scheduled principal payments and cash interest expense for the nine month period ending

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March 31, 2017, divided by three and multiplied by four, all as defined under the Credit Agreement. In addition to the covenants above, we are required to supply the lenders with quarterly financial statements and other reports as defined by the 2016 credit agreement. We were in compliance with all reporting requirements at March 31, 2017.

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements (other than operating leases) and have not entered into any transactions involving unconsolidated, limited purpose entities or commodity contracts.

Capital Commitments. The Company budgeted $152.3 million in capital expenditures for 2017, including $86.4 million in the Wireless segment for upgrades and expansion of the nTelos wireless network; $28.1 million for network expansion including new fiber routes, new cell towers, and cable market expansion; $27.0 million for additional network capacity; and $10.8 million for information technology upgrades, new and renovated buildings and other projects. 

For the first three months of 2017, we spent $38.6 million on capital projects, compared to $20.5 million in the comparable 2016 period.  Spending related to Wireless projects accounted for $25.3 million in the first three months of 2017, primarily for upgrades of former nTelos sites and additional cell sites to expand coverage in the former nTelos territory. Cable capital spending of $5.2 million related to network and cable market expansion. Wireline capital projects cost $7.6 million, driven primarily by fiber builds.  Other projects totaled $0.5 million, largely related to information technology projects.

We believe that cash on hand, cash flow from operations and borrowings expected to be available under our existing credit facilities will provide sufficient cash to enable us to fund planned capital expenditures, make scheduled principal and interest payments, meet our other cash requirements and maintain compliance with the terms of our financing agreements for at least the next twelve months.  Thereafter, capital expenditures will likely continue to be required to continue planned capital upgrades to the acquired wireless network and provide increased capacity to meet our expected growth in demand for our products and services. The actual amount and timing of our future capital requirements may differ materially from our estimate depending on the demand for our products and new market developments and opportunities.

Our cash flows from operations could be adversely affected by events outside our control, including, without limitation, changes in overall economic conditions, regulatory requirements, changes in technologies, demand for our products, availability of labor resources and capital, changes in our relationship with Sprint, and other conditions.  The Wireless segment’s operations are dependent upon Sprint’s ability to execute certain functions such as billing, customer care, and collections; our ability to develop and implement successful marketing programs and new products and services; and our ability to effectively and economically manage other operating activities under our agreements with Sprint.  Our ability to attract and maintain a sufficient customer base, particularly in the acquired cable markets, is also critical to our ability to maintain a positive cash flow from operations.  The foregoing events individually or collectively could affect our results.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, also known as Topic 606, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective.  In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, delaying the effective date of ASU 2014-09.  Three other amendments have been issued during 2016 modifying the original ASU. As amended, the new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, using either a retrospective basis or a modified retrospective basis with early adoption permitted, but not earlier than the original effective date beginning after December 15, 2016. We have formed a project team to evaluate and implement the new standard. As part of our work to date, we have begun documentation and are nearing completion of contract review. We currently plan to adopt this guidance using the modified retrospective transition approach, which would result in an adjustment to retained earnings for the cumulative effect, if any, of applying this standard. Additionally, this guidance requires us to provide additional disclosures of the amount by which each financial statement line item is affected in the current reporting period during 2018 as compared to the guidance that was in effect before the change. We continue to assess the impact this new standard will have on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases”, also known as Topic 842, which requires the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous generally accepted accounting principles.  This change will result in an increase to recorded assets and liabilities on lessees’ financial statements, as well as changes in the categorization of rental costs, from rent expense to interest and depreciation expense.  Other effects may occur depending on the types of leases and the specific terms of them utilized by particular lessees.  The ASU is effective for us on January 1, 2019, and early application is permitted.  Modified retrospective application is required.  We are currently evaluating the ASU, but expect that it will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s market risks relate primarily to changes in interest rates on instruments held for other than trading purposes.  The Company’s interest rate risk generally involves three components.  The first component is outstanding debt with variable rates.  As of March 31, 2017, the Company had $866.8 million of variable rate debt outstanding (excluding unamortized loan fees and costs of $17.8 million), bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 3.85% as determined on a monthly basis. An increase in market interest rates of 1.00% would add approximately $8.7 million to annual interest expense, excluding the effect of the interest rate swap.  In May 2016, the Company entered into a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap with three counterparties totaling $256.6 of notional principal (subject to change based upon expected draws under the delayed draw term loan and principal payments due under our debt agreements).  This swap, combined with the swap purchased in 2012, cover notional principal equal to approximately 50% of the expected outstanding variable rate debt through maturity in 2023. The Company is required to pay a combined fixed rate of approximately 1.16% and receive a variable rate based on one month LIBOR (0.98% as of March 31, 2017), to manage a portion of its interest rate risk. Changes in the net interest paid or received under the swaps would offset approximately 50% of the change in interest expense on the variable rate debt outstanding. The swap agreements currently add approximately $0.8 million to annual interest expense, based on the spread between the fixed rate and the variable rate currently in effect on our debt.

The second component of interest rate risk consists of temporary excess cash, which can be invested in various short-term investment vehicles such as overnight repurchase agreements and Treasury bills with a maturity of less than 90 days. As of March 31, 2017, the cash is invested in a commercial checking account that has limited interest rate risk. Management continually evaluates the most beneficial use of these funds.

The third component of interest rate risk is marked increases in interest rates that may adversely affect the rate at which the Company may borrow funds for growth in the future.  If the Company should borrow additional funds under any Incremental Term Loan Facility to fund its capital investment needs, repayment provisions would be agreed to at the time of each draw under the Incremental Term Loan Facility.  If the interest rate margin on any draw exceeds by more than 0.25% the applicable interest rate margin on the Term Loan Facility, the applicable interest rate margin on the Term Loan Facility shall be increased to equal the interest rate margin on the Incremental Term Loan Facility.  If interest rates increase generally, or if the rate applied under the Company’s Incremental Term Loan Facility causes the Company’s outstanding debt to be repriced, the Company’s future interest costs could increase.

Management views market risk as having a potentially significant impact on the Company's results of operations, as future results could be adversely affected if interest rates were to increase significantly for an extended period, or if the Company’s need for additional external financing resulted in increases to the interest rates applied to all of its new and existing debt.  As of March 31, 2017, the Company has $433.4 million of variable rate debt with no interest rate protection.  The Company’s investments in publicly traded stock and bond mutual funds under the rabbi trust, which are subject to market risks and could experience significant swings in market values, are offset by corresponding changes in the liabilities owed to participants in the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan.  General economic conditions affected by regulatory changes, competition or other external influences may pose a higher risk to the Company’s overall results.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer, who is the principal executive officer, and the Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer, who is the principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

As disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, we identified material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting. The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. As remediation has not yet been completed our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures continued to be ineffective as of March 31, 2017.

Notwithstanding the material weaknesses, management has concluded that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly state, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

Remediation Efforts

In response to the material weaknesses identified in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, we expect to:

• Seek, train and retain individuals that have the appropriate skills and experience related to financial reporting and internal control related to (i) complex, significant non-routine transactions; (ii) the preparation of the consolidated statements of cash flows; and (iii) the Company’s internal audit function.

• Evaluate and develop where necessary policies and procedures to ensure our personnel are sufficiently knowledgeable about the design, operation and documentation of internal controls over financial reporting related to (i) complex, significant non-routine transactions; (ii) accounting for income taxes; and (iii) the preparation of the consolidated statements of cash flows.

• Enhance the design of existing control activities and implement additional control activities to ensure management review controls and other controls (including controls that validate the completeness and accuracy of information, data and assumptions) related to complex, significant non-routine transactions and accounting for income taxes, are properly designed and documented.

• Evaluate and enhance the Company’s policies, procedures and control activities over communicating with the Company’s third party experts to ensure complete and accurate information is communicated.

• Evaluate and enhance the Company’s monitoring activities to ensure the components of internal control are present and functioning related to (i) complex, significant non-routine transactions; (ii) accounting for income taxes; and (iii) the preparation of the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The acquisition of nTelos was completed on May 6, 2016. Our Company’s management has extended its oversight and monitoring processes that support internal control over financial reporting to include the operations of nTelos. Our management is continuing to integrate the acquired operations into our overall internal control financial reporting process, expected to be complete in 2017.

Except as noted above, there has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to material affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Other Matters Relating to Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Under the Company’s agreements with Sprint, Sprint provides the Company with billing, collections, customer care, certain network operations and other back-office services for the PCS operation. As a result, Sprint remits to the Company a substantial portion of the Company’s total operating revenues, which will increase as legacy nTelos subscribers migrate to the Sprint billing platform in the future. Due to this relationship, the Company necessarily relies on Sprint to provide accurate, timely and sufficient data and information to properly record the Company’s revenues and accounts receivable, which underlie a substantial portion of the Company’s periodic financial statements and other financial disclosures.

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Information provided by Sprint includes reports regarding the subscriber accounts receivable in the Company’s markets. Sprint provides the Company with monthly accounts receivable, billing and cash receipts, average national costs to acquire and support a prepaid customer, certain national channel commission and handset subsidy costs, and travel revenue information on a market level, rather than a subscriber level. The Company reviews these various reports to identify discrepancies or errors. Under the Company’s agreements with Sprint, the Company is entitled to only a portion of the receipts, net of items such as taxes, government surcharges, certain allocable write-offs and the 16.6% of postpaid and 6% of prepaid revenue currently retained by Sprint (before the effect of fee waivers). Sprint reports directly billed costs and revenues to the Company. Because of the Company’s reliance on Sprint for financial information, the Company must depend on Sprint to design adequate internal controls with respect to the processes established to provide this data and information to the Company and Sprint’s other Sprint PCS affiliate network partners. To address this issue, Sprint engages an independent registered public accounting firm to perform a periodic evaluation of these controls and to provide a “Report on Controls Placed in Operation and Tests of Operating Effectiveness” under guidance provided in Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements No. 16 (“SSAE 16”). The report is provided to the Company on an annual basis and covers a nine-month period. The most recent report covered the period from January 1, 2016 to September 30, 2016. The most recent report indicated there were no material issues which would adversely affect the information used to support the recording of the revenues provided by Sprint related to the Company’s relationship with them.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

We discuss in our Annual Report on Form 10-K various risks that may materially affect our business. We use this section to update this discussion to reflect material developments since our Form 10-K was filed. As of March 31, 2017, the Company has not identified any needed updates to the risk factors included in our most recent Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The Company maintains a dividend reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”) for the benefit of its shareholders.  When shareholders remove shares from the DRIP, the Company issues a certificate for whole shares, pays out cash for any fractional shares, and cancels the fractional shares purchased.  In conjunction with exercises of stock options and distributions of vested share awards, the Company periodically repurchases shares from recipients to satisfy some of the exercise price of the options being exercised or taxes payable associated with the distribution of shares.  The following table provides information about the Company’s repurchases of shares during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

	Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share
January 1 to January 31	43,044	$	28.48
February 1 to February 28	—	$	—
March 1 to March 31	—	$	—
Total	43,044	$	28.48

ITEM 6.  Exhibits

(a) The following exhibits are filed with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:

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10.54	Addendum XX to Sprint PCS Management Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2017, by and among Shenandoah Personal Communications, LLC, Sprint Spectrum L.P., Sprint Communications Company, L.P., SprintCom, Inc. and Horizon Personal Communications, LLC, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2017.
31.1	Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2	Certification of Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32	Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
(101)	Formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language)
	101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
	101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
	101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
	101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
	101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
	101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY

(Registrant)

/s/Adele M. Skolits

Adele M. Skolits

Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 4, 2017

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.	Exhibit
10.54	Addendum XX to Sprint PCS Management Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2017, by and among Shenandoah Personal Communications, LLC, Sprint Spectrum L.P., Sprint Communications Company, L.P., SprintCom, Inc. and Horizon Personal Communications, LLC, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2017.
31.1	Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2	Certification of Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32	Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
(101)	Formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language)
	101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
	101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
	101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
	101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
	101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
	101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Christopher E. French, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Shenandoah Telecommunications Company;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e))and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/S/ CHRISTOPHER E. FRENCH

Christopher E. French, President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 4, 2017

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Adele M. Skolits, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Shenandoah Telecommunications Company;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ADELE M. SKOLITS

Adele M. Skolits, Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 4, 2017

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32

Written Statement of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Each of the undersigned, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer, of Shenandoah Telecommunications Company (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, on the date hereof:

(1)          The quarterly report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2017 filed on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)          Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/S/CHRISTOPHER E. FRENCH

Christopher E. French

President and Chief Executive Officer

May 4, 2017

/S/ADELE M. SKOLITS

Adele M. Skolits

Vice President - Finance and

Chief Financial Officer

May 4, 2017

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.  This certification shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to liability under that section.  This certification shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act except to the extent this Exhibit 32 is expressly and specifically incorporated by reference in any such filing. 

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Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Apr. 26, 2017
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	SHENANDOAH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CO/VA/
Entity Central Index Key	0000354963
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		49,109,626

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 39,927	$ 36,193
Accounts receivable, net	68,709	69,789
Inventory, net	24,855	39,043
Prepaid expenses and other	16,989	16,440
Total current assets	150,480	161,465
Investments, including $3,058 and $2,907 carried at fair value	10,607	10,276
Property, plant and equipment, net	689,948	698,122
Other Assets
Intangible assets, net	443,308	454,532
Goodwill	144,001	145,256
Deferred charges and other assets, net	14,645	14,756
Total assets	1,452,989	1,484,407
Current Liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	38,124	32,041
Accounts payable	25,390	72,810
Advanced billings and customer deposits	21,029	20,427
Accrued compensation	3,678	9,465
Income taxes payable	3,958	435
Accrued liabilities and other	18,174	29,085
Total current liabilities	110,353	164,263
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	810,873	797,224
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Deferred income taxes	149,763	151,837
Deferred lease payable	19,230	18,042
Asset retirement obligations	19,386	15,666
Retirement plan obligations	17,892	17,738
Other liabilities	26,057	23,743
Total other long-term liabilities	232,328	227,026
Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock	46,083	45,482
Retained earnings	245,965	243,624
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes	7,387	6,788
Total shareholders’ equity	299,435	295,894
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$ 1,452,989	$ 1,484,407

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current Assets
Investments carried at fair value	$ 3,058	$ 2,907

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Operating revenues	$ 153,880	$ 92,571
Operating expenses:
Cost of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	53,761	31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	40,153	21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	4,489	332
Depreciation and amortization	44,804	17,739
Total operating expenses	143,207	71,259
Operating income	10,673	21,312
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(9,100)	(1,619)
Gain on investments, net	120	88
Non-operating income, net	1,255	468
Income before income taxes	2,948	20,249
Income tax expense	607	6,368
Net income	2,341	13,881
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate hedge, net of tax	599	(1,048)
Comprehensive income	$ 2,940	$ 12,833
Earnings per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.05	$ 0.29
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.05	$ 0.28
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic (in shares)	49,050	48,563
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted (in shares)	49,834	49,249

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 289,938	$ 32,776	$ 256,747	$ 415
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		48,475
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	(895)		(895)
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax	6,373			6,373
Dividends declared ($0.25 per share)	(12,228)		(12,228)
Dividends reinvested in common stock	524	$ 524
Dividends reinvested in common stock (in shares)		19
Stock based compensation	3,506	$ 3,506
Stock options exercised (in shares)		371
Stock options exercised	3,359	$ 3,359
Common stock issued for share awards	0
Common stock issued for share awards (in shares)		190
Common stock issued	14	$ 14
Common stock issued (in shares)		2
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos	10,400	$ 10,400
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos (in shares)		76
Common stock repurchased	(5,097)	$ (5,097)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)		(198)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2016	295,894	$ 45,482	243,624	6,788
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		48,935
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	2,341		2,341
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax	599			599
Stock based compensation	1,822	$ 1,822
Common stock issued for share awards (in shares)		129
Common stock issued	5	$ 5
Common stock issued (in shares)		1
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos	0	$ 0
Common stock issued to acquire non-controlling interests of nTelos (in shares)		76
Common stock repurchased	(1,226)	$ (1,226)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)		(43)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2017	$ 299,435	$ 46,083	$ 245,965	$ 7,387
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2017		49,098

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016 $ / shares
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends declared per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.25

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net income	$ 2,341	$ 13,881
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	37,878	17,454
Amortization reflected as operating expense	6,926	285
Amortization reflected as contra revenue	4,978	0
Amortization reflected as rent expense	258	0
Provision for bad debt	420	345
Straight line adjustment to management fee revenue	4,206	0
Stock based compensation expense	1,566	1,048
Deferred income taxes	(2,910)	(1,489)
Net gain on disposal of equipment	(28)	(15)
Unrealized gain on investments	(120)	(16)
Net gains from patronage and equity investments	(200)	(210)
Amortization of long term debt issuance costs	1,202	132
Other	0	3,039
(Increase) decrease in:
Accounts receivable	1,629	2,470
Inventory, net	14,188	(267)
Other assets	(190)	988
Increase (decrease) in:
Accounts payable	(39,399)	1,895
Income taxes payable	3,523	6,981
Deferred lease payable	1,331	208
Other deferrals and accruals	(13,101)	(3,559)
Net cash provided by operating activities	24,498	43,170
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	(38,587)	(20,537)
Proceeds from sale of equipment	117	145
Cash distributions from investments	3	45
Additional contributions to investments	(14)	0
Cash disbursed for acquisition	0	(2,480)
Net cash used in investing activities	(38,481)	(22,827)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Principal payments on long-term debt	(6,062)	(5,750)
Amounts borrowed under debt agreements	25,000	0
Cash paid for debt issuance costs	0	(1,528)
Repurchases of common stock	(1,226)	(3,526)
Proceeds from issuances of common stock	5	2,809
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	17,717	(7,995)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	3,734	12,348
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning	36,193	76,812
Ending	39,927	89,160
Cash payments for:
Interest, net of capitalized interest of $577 and $146, respectively	8,380	1,632
Income taxes paid, net of refunds received	$ 0	$ 876

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Other cash flow information:
Capital expenditures	$ 6,400	$ 1,200
Increase in interest rate swaps	972
Increase in deferred tax liability	373
Increase in accumulated other comprehensive income	599	(1,048)
Interest paid, capitalized	$ 577	$ 146

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Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Shenandoah Telecommunications Company and Subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are unaudited.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the interim results have been reflected therein.  All such adjustments were of a normal and recurring nature.  Prior year amounts have been reclassified in some cases to conform to the current year presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The accompanying balance sheet information at December 31, 2016 was derived from the audited December 31, 2016 consolidated balance sheet. Operating revenues and income (loss) from operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year.

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Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint

Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint

On May 6, 2016, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. (“nTelos”) for $667.8 million, net of cash acquired.  The acquisition was entered into to improve shareholder value through the expansion of the Company's Wireless service area and customer base while strengthening our relationship with Sprint Corporation ("Sprint"). The purchase price was financed by a credit facility arranged by CoBank, ACB, Royal Bank of Canada, Fifth Third Bank, Bank of America, N.A., Capital One, National Association, Citizens Bank N.A., and Toronto Dominion (Texas) LLC.  The Company has accounted for the acquisition of nTelos under the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, “Business Combinations”, and has accounted for measurement period adjustments under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-16, “Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement Period Adjustments”.  Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values.

The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon management’s preliminary valuation of the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed of nTelos, with the excess recorded as goodwill. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company made adjustments to the preliminary estimates of fair value resulting in immaterial changes to previously estimated fair values of fixed assets, asset retirement obligation liabilities, accounts receivable and deferred taxes. These adjustments resulted in a $1.3 million reduction to goodwill as shown in the table below. The Company continues to review certain tax positions acquired in the nTelos acquisition.

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2017 are shown below (in thousands):

	December 31, 2016		Purchase Accounting Adjustments			March 31, 2017
Goodwill - Wireline segment	$	10	$	—		$	10
Goodwill - Cable segment	104		—			104
Goodwill - Wireless segment	145,142		(1,255		)	143,887
Goodwill as of March 31, 2017	$	145,256	$	(1,255	)	$	144,001

Following are the unaudited pro forma results of the Company for the period ended March 31, 2016, as if the acquisition of nTelos had occurred at the beginning of the period. (in thousands)

	March 31, 2016
Operating revenues	$	173,248
Income before income taxes	$	16,905

In connection with these transactions, the Company incurs costs which include the nTelos back office staff and support functions until the nTelos legacy customers are migrated to the Sprint billing platform; costs of the handsets to be provided to nTelos legacy customers as they migrate to the Sprint billing platform; severance costs for back office and other former nTelos employees who will not be retained permanently; and costs to shut down certain cell sites and related backhaul contracts. We have incurred $7.1 million of these costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017, including $0.1 million reflected in cost of goods and services and $2.5 million reflected in selling, general and administrative costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017.

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Property, Plant and Equipment

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Plant in service	$	1,124,446	$	1,085,318
Plant under construction	61,980		73,759
	1,186,426		1,159,077
Less accumulated amortization and depreciation	496,478		460,955
Net property, plant and equipment	$	689,948	$	698,122

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Earnings per share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings per share

Earnings per share

Basic net income per share was computed on the weighted average number of shares outstanding.  Diluted net income per share was computed under the treasury stock method, assuming the conversion as of the beginning of the period, for all dilutive stock options.  Of 913 thousand and 991 thousand shares and options outstanding at March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, 125 thousand and 136 thousand were anti-dilutive, respectively.  These shares and options have been excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share for their respective period. There were no adjustments to net income for either period.

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Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Investments

Investments

Investments include $3.1 million and $2.9 million of investments carried at fair value as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, consisting of equity, bond and money market mutual funds.  Investments carried at fair value were acquired under a rabbi trust arrangement related to the Company’s nonqualified Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP”). The Company purchases investments in the trust to mirror the investment elections of participants in the SERP; gains and losses on the investments in the trust are reflected as increases or decreases in the liability owed to the participants. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized $32 thousand in dividend and interest income from investments, and recorded net unrealized gains of $120 thousand on these investments. Fair values for these investments held under the rabbi trust were determined by Level 1 quoted market prices for the underlying mutual funds.

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, other investments, comprised of equity securities which do not have readily determinable fair values, consist of the following:

	3/31/2017		12/31/2016
Cost method:	(in thousands)
CoBank	$	6,296	$	6,177
Other – Equity in other telecommunications partners	740		742
	7,036		6,919
Equity method:
Other	513		450
Total other investments	$	7,549	$	7,369

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Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

Financial instruments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets that approximate fair value include:  cash and cash equivalents, receivables, investments carried at fair value, payables, accrued liabilities, interest rate swaps and variable rate long-term debt.

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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activitiesand Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to cash flows and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps (both those designated as cash flow hedges as well as those not designated as cash flow hedges) involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

The Company entered into a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap of $174.6 million of notional principal in September 2012.  This interest rate swap was designated as a cash flow hedge.  The outstanding notional amount of this cash flow hedge was $131.0 million as of March 31, 2017.  The outstanding notional amount decreases based upon scheduled principal payments on the 2012 debt.

In May 2016, the Company entered into a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap of $256.6 million of notional principal with three counterparties.   This interest rate swap was designated as a cash flow hedge.  The outstanding notional amount of this cash flow hedge was $302.4 million as of March 31, 2017.  The outstanding notional amount increases based upon draws expected to be made under a portion of the Company's Term Loan A-2 debt and as the 2012 interest rate swap's notional principal decreases, and will decrease as the Company makes scheduled principal payments on the 2016 debt.  In combination with the swap entered into in 2012 described above, the Company is hedging approximately 50% of the expected outstanding debt.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The Company uses its derivatives to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings through interest expense. No hedge ineffectiveness was recognized during any of the periods presented.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the interest rate swaps designated and qualified as a cash flow hedge, are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. As of March 31, 2017, the Company estimates that $237 thousand will be reclassified as a reduction of interest expense during the next twelve months.

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instrument as well as its classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands): 

	Derivatives
		Fair Value as of
	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap
	Prepaid expenses and other	$	237	$	—
	Deferred charges and other assets, net	11,958		12,118
	Accrued liabilities and other	—		(895		)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments		$	12,195	$	11,223

The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market (level 2 fair value inputs).

The table below presents change in accumulated other comprehensive income by component for the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

	Gains on Cash Flow  Hedges		Income Tax  Expense			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	11,223	$	(4,435	)	$	6,788
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	541		(208		)	333
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	431		(165		)	266
Net current period other comprehensive income	972		(373		)	599
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	12,195	$	(4,808	)	$	7,387

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Intangible Assets, Net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets consist of the following at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	March 31, 2017							December 31, 2016
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Non-amortizing intangibles:
Cable franchise rights	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334
Railroad crossing rights	97		—			97		97		—			97
	64,431		—			64,431		64,431		—			64,431
Finite-lived intangibles:
Affiliate contract expansion	284,102		(19,008		)	265,094		284,102		(14,030		)	270,072
Acquired subscribers – wireless	120,855		(25,387		)	95,468		120,855		(18,738		)	102,117
Favorable leases - wireless	16,950		(1,531		)	15,419		16,950		(1,130		)	15,820
Acquired subscribers – cable	25,265		(24,802		)	463		25,265		(24,631		)	634
Other intangibles	3,230		(797		)	2,433		2,212		(754		)	1,458
Total finite-lived intangibles	450,402		(71,525		)	378,877		449,384		(59,283		)	390,101
Total intangible assets	$	514,833	$	(71,525	)	$	443,308	$	513,815	$	(59,283	)	$	454,532

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Accrued and Other Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Accrued and Other Liabilities

Accrued and Other liabilities

Accrued liabilities and other includes the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Sales and property taxes payable	$	4,742	$	6,628
Severance accrual, current portion	3,553		4,267
Asset retirement obligations, current portion	884		5,841
Other current liabilities	8,995		12,349
Accrued liabilities and other	$	18,174	$	29,085

Other liabilities include the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Non-current portion of deferred revenues	$	7,735	$	8,933
Straight-line management fee waiver	16,180		11,974
Other	2,142		2,836
Other liabilities	$	26,057	$	23,743

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Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit

Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit

Total debt at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consists of the following:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Term loan A-1	$	466,813	$	472,875
Term loan A-2	400,000		375,000
	866,813		847,875
Less: unamortized loan fees	17,816		18,610
Total debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	848,997	$	829,265
Current maturities of long term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	38,124	$	32,041
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	$	810,873	$	797,224

As of March 31, 2017, our indebtedness totaled $866.8 million in term loans with an annualized effective interest rate of approximately 3.91% after considering the impact of the interest rate swap contract and unamortized loan costs.  The balance consists of the $466.8 million Term Loan A-1 at a variable rate (3.73% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.75%, and the $400 million Term Loan A-2 at a variable rate (3.98% as of March 31, 2017) that resets monthly based on one month LIBOR plus a margin of 3.00%.  The Term Loan A-1 requires quarterly principal repayments of $6.1 million through June 30, 2017, then increasing to $12.1 million quarterly through June 30, 2020, with further increases at that time through maturity in June 30, 2021.  The Term Loan A-2 requires quarterly principal repayments of $10.0 million beginning on September 30, 2018 through March 31, 2023, with the remaining balance due June 30, 2023.

The Company is subject to certain financial covenants to be measured on a trailing twelve month basis each calendar quarter unless otherwise specified.  These covenants include:

• a limitation on the Company’s total leverage ratio, defined as indebtedness divided by earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, of less than or equal to 3.75 to 1.00 from the closing date through December 30, 2018, then 3.25 to 1.00 through December 30, 2019, and 3.00 to 1.00 thereafter;

• a minimum debt service coverage ratio, defined as EBITDA minus certain cash taxes divided by the sum of all scheduled principal payments on the Term Loans and scheduled principal payments on other indebtedness plus cash interest expense, greater than 2.00 to 1.00;

• the Company must maintain a minimum liquidity balance, defined as availability under the revolver facility plus unrestricted cash and cash equivalents on deposit in a deposit account for which a control agreement has been delivered to the administrative agent under the 2016 credit agreement, of greater than $25 million at all times.

These ratios are generally less restrictive than the covenant ratios the Company had been required to comply with under its previously existing debt arrangements.  As shown below, as of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants in its credit agreements.

	Actual	Covenant Requirement
Total Leverage Ratio	2.88	3.75 or Lower
Debt Service Coverage Ratio	4.56	2.00 or Higher
Minimum Liquidity Balance	$113 million	$25 million or Higher

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Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker.  The Company has three reportable segments, which the Company operates and manages as strategic business units organized by lines of business: (1) Wireless, (2) Cable, and (3) Wireline.   A fourth segment, Other, primarily includes Shenandoah Telecommunications Company, the parent holding company.

Prior to the recent acquisition of nTelos, the Wireless segment had provided digital wireless service to a portion of a four-state area covering the region from Harrisburg, York and Altoona, Pennsylvania, to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as a Sprint PCS Affiliate. With the recent acquisition, the Company's wireless service has expanded to include south-central and western Virginia, West Virginia, and small portions of Kentucky and Ohio. This segment also owns cell site towers built on leased land, and leases space on these towers to both affiliates and non-affiliated service providers.

The Cable segment provides video, internet and voice services in Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout southern Virginia and West Virginia. It does not include video, internet and voice services provided to customers in Shenandoah County, Virginia.

The Wireline segment provides regulated and unregulated voice services, DSL internet access, and long distance access services throughout Shenandoah County and portions of Rockingham, Frederick, Warren and Augusta counties, Virginia. The segment also provides video and cable modem services in portions of Shenandoah County, and leases fiber optic facilities throughout the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, northern Virginia and adjacent areas along the Interstate 81 corridor through West Virginia, Maryland and portions of central and southern Pennsylvania.

Three months ended March 31, 2017

(in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	108,186	$	26,411	$	5,048	$	—		$	—		$	139,645
Other	6,042		2,035		6,158		—			—			14,235
Total external revenues	114,228		28,446		11,206		—			—			153,880
Internal revenues	1,235		567		7,948		—			(9,750		)	—
Total operating revenues	115,463		29,013		19,154		—			(9,750		)	153,880
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	38,318		15,228		9,273		—			(9,058		)	53,761
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	28,464		4,858		1,676		5,847			(692		)	40,153
Integration and acquisition expenses	3,792		—		—		697			—			4,489
Depreciation and amortization	35,752		5,788		3,132		132			—			44,804
Total operating expenses	106,326		25,874		14,081		6,676			(9,750		)	143,207
Operating income (loss)	$	9,137	$	3,139	$	5,073	$	(6,676	)	$	—		$	10,673

Three months ended March 31, 2016

 (in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	52,179	$	24,340	$	4,960	$	—		$	—		$	81,479
Other	3,203		1,846		6,043		—						11,092
Total external revenues	55,382		26,186		11,003		—			—			92,571
Internal revenues	1,136		260		7,376					(8,772		)	—
Total operating revenues	56,518		26,446		18,379		—			(8,772		)	92,571
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	16,578		14,647		8,643		—			(8,106		)	31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	11,514		5,108		1,605		3,865			(666		)	21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	—		—		—		332			—			332
Depreciation and amortization	8,494		6,095		3,033		117			—			17,739
Total operating expenses	36,586		25,850		13,281		4,314			(8,772		)	71,259
Operating income (loss)	$	19,932	$	596	$	5,098	$	(4,314	)	$	—		$	21,312

A reconciliation of the total of the reportable segments’ operating income (loss) to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Total consolidated operating income	$	10,673		$	21,312
Interest expense	(9,100		)	(1,619		)
Non-operating income, net	1,375			556
Income before income taxes	$	2,948		$	20,249

The Company’s assets by segment are as follows:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Wireless	$	1,039,211		$	1,101,716
Cable	220,519			218,471
Wireline	116,390			115,282
Other	1,070,204			1,059,898
Combined totals	2,446,324			2,495,367
Inter-segment eliminations	(993,335		)	(1,010,960		)
Consolidated totals	$	1,452,989		$	1,484,407

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company files U.S. federal income tax returns and various state and local income tax returns.  With few exceptions, years prior to 2013 are no longer subject to examination; net operating losses acquired in the nTelos acquisition are open to examination from 2002 forward. The Company is not subject to any state or federal income tax audits as of March 31, 2017.

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Adoption of New Accounting Principles

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

Adoption of New Accounting Principles

Adoption of New Accounting Principles

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company adopted one new accounting principle: Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2015-11, "Inventory: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory". This ASU changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to lower of cost and net realizable value. The ASU also eliminates the requirement for entities to consider replacement cost or net realizable value less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. The adoption of this ASU did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

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Subsequent Events

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

On March 9, 2017, the Company and Sprint entered into Addendum XX to the Sprint PCS Management Agreement. Addendum XX provides for (i) an expansion of the Company’s “Service Area” (as defined in the Sprint PCS Management Agreement) to include certain areas in Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio and West Virginia (the “Expansion Area”), (ii) certain network build out requirements in the Expansion Area over the next three years, (iii) the Company’s provision of prepaid field sales support to Sprint and its affiliates in the Service Area, (iv) Sprint’s provision of spectrum use to the Company in the Expansion Area, (v) the addition of Horizon Personal Communications, LLC, as a party to the Sprint PCS Management Agreement and the Sprint PCS Services Agreement (collectively, the “Affiliate Agreements”) and (vi) certain other amendments to the Affiliate Agreements.

In connection with the execution of Addendum XX, on March 9, 2017, the Company and certain affiliates of Sprint entered into an agreement to, among other things, transfer to Sprint certain customers in the Expansion Area and the underlying customer agreements, and to transition the provision of network coverage in the Expansion Area from Sprint to the Company. The expanded territory includes approximately 500 thousand market POPs and approximately 21 thousand Sprint customers.

The Company and Sprint closed on this transaction on April 6, 2017.

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Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Changes in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2017 are shown below (in thousands):

	December 31, 2016		Purchase Accounting Adjustments			March 31, 2017
Goodwill - Wireline segment	$	10	$	—		$	10
Goodwill - Cable segment	104		—			104
Goodwill - Wireless segment	145,142		(1,255		)	143,887
Goodwill as of March 31, 2017	$	145,256	$	(1,255	)	$	144,001

Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information

Following are the unaudited pro forma results of the Company for the period ended March 31, 2016, as if the acquisition of nTelos had occurred at the beginning of the period. (in thousands)

	March 31, 2016
Operating revenues	$	173,248
Income before income taxes	$	16,905

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Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Plant in service	$	1,124,446	$	1,085,318
Plant under construction	61,980		73,759
	1,186,426		1,159,077
Less accumulated amortization and depreciation	496,478		460,955
Net property, plant and equipment	$	689,948	$	698,122

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Investments Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of other investments which do not have readily determinable fair values

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, other investments, comprised of equity securities which do not have readily determinable fair values, consist of the following:

	3/31/2017		12/31/2016
Cost method:	(in thousands)
CoBank	$	6,296	$	6,177
Other – Equity in other telecommunications partners	740		742
	7,036		6,919
Equity method:
Other	513		450
Total other investments	$	7,549	$	7,369

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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Derivative Financial Instrument as Well as its Classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instrument as well as its classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands): 

	Derivatives
		Fair Value as of
	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap
	Prepaid expenses and other	$	237	$	—
	Deferred charges and other assets, net	11,958		12,118
	Accrued liabilities and other	—		(895		)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments		$	12,195	$	11,223

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The table below presents change in accumulated other comprehensive income by component for the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

	Gains on Cash Flow  Hedges		Income Tax  Expense			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	11,223	$	(4,435	)	$	6,788
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	541		(208		)	333
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	431		(165		)	266
Net current period other comprehensive income	972		(373		)	599
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	12,195	$	(4,808	)	$	7,387

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Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	March 31, 2017							December 31, 2016
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Non-amortizing intangibles:
Cable franchise rights	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334	$	64,334	$	—		$	64,334
Railroad crossing rights	97		—			97		97		—			97
	64,431		—			64,431		64,431		—			64,431
Finite-lived intangibles:
Affiliate contract expansion	284,102		(19,008		)	265,094		284,102		(14,030		)	270,072
Acquired subscribers – wireless	120,855		(25,387		)	95,468		120,855		(18,738		)	102,117
Favorable leases - wireless	16,950		(1,531		)	15,419		16,950		(1,130		)	15,820
Acquired subscribers – cable	25,265		(24,802		)	463		25,265		(24,631		)	634
Other intangibles	3,230		(797		)	2,433		2,212		(754		)	1,458
Total finite-lived intangibles	450,402		(71,525		)	378,877		449,384		(59,283		)	390,101
Total intangible assets	$	514,833	$	(71,525	)	$	443,308	$	513,815	$	(59,283	)	$	454,532

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Accrued and Other Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Accrued Liabilities and Other

Accrued liabilities and other includes the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Sales and property taxes payable	$	4,742	$	6,628
Severance accrual, current portion	3,553		4,267
Asset retirement obligations, current portion	884		5,841
Other current liabilities	8,995		12,349
Accrued liabilities and other	$	18,174	$	29,085

Summary of Other Liabilities

Other liabilities include the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Non-current portion of deferred revenues	$	7,735	$	8,933
Straight-line management fee waiver	16,180		11,974
Other	2,142		2,836
Other liabilities	$	26,057	$	23,743

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Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of long term debt

Total debt at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consists of the following:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Term loan A-1	$	466,813	$	472,875
Term loan A-2	400,000		375,000
	866,813		847,875
Less: unamortized loan fees	17,816		18,610
Total debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	848,997	$	829,265
Current maturities of long term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	$	38,124	$	32,041
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	$	810,873	$	797,224

Financial covenants in credit agreements

As shown below, as of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants in its credit agreements.

	Actual	Covenant Requirement
Total Leverage Ratio	2.88	3.75 or Lower
Debt Service Coverage Ratio	4.56	2.00 or Higher
Minimum Liquidity Balance	$113 million	$25 million or Higher

As shown below, as of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants in its credit agreements.

	Actual	Covenant Requirement
Total Leverage Ratio	2.88	3.75 or Lower
Debt Service Coverage Ratio	4.56	2.00 or Higher
Minimum Liquidity Balance	$113 million	$25 million or Higher

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Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Selected Financial Data for Segments

Three months ended March 31, 2017

(in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	108,186	$	26,411	$	5,048	$	—		$	—		$	139,645
Other	6,042		2,035		6,158		—			—			14,235
Total external revenues	114,228		28,446		11,206		—			—			153,880
Internal revenues	1,235		567		7,948		—			(9,750		)	—
Total operating revenues	115,463		29,013		19,154		—			(9,750		)	153,880
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	38,318		15,228		9,273		—			(9,058		)	53,761
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	28,464		4,858		1,676		5,847			(692		)	40,153
Integration and acquisition expenses	3,792		—		—		697			—			4,489
Depreciation and amortization	35,752		5,788		3,132		132			—			44,804
Total operating expenses	106,326		25,874		14,081		6,676			(9,750		)	143,207
Operating income (loss)	$	9,137	$	3,139	$	5,073	$	(6,676	)	$	—		$	10,673

Three months ended March 31, 2016

 (in thousands)

	Wireless		Cable		Wireline		Other			Eliminations			Consolidated Totals
External revenues
Service revenues	$	52,179	$	24,340	$	4,960	$	—		$	—		$	81,479
Other	3,203		1,846		6,043		—						11,092
Total external revenues	55,382		26,186		11,003		—			—			92,571
Internal revenues	1,136		260		7,376					(8,772		)	—
Total operating revenues	56,518		26,446		18,379		—			(8,772		)	92,571
Operating expenses
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	16,578		14,647		8,643		—			(8,106		)	31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	11,514		5,108		1,605		3,865			(666		)	21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	—		—		—		332			—			332
Depreciation and amortization	8,494		6,095		3,033		117			—			17,739
Total operating expenses	36,586		25,850		13,281		4,314			(8,772		)	71,259
Operating income (loss)	$	19,932	$	596	$	5,098	$	(4,314	)	$	—		$	21,312

Reconciliation of Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations from Segments to Consolidated

A reconciliation of the total of the reportable segments’ operating income (loss) to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2017			2016
Total consolidated operating income	$	10,673		$	21,312
Interest expense	(9,100		)	(1,619		)
Non-operating income, net	1,375			556
Income before income taxes	$	2,948		$	20,249

Assets by Segment

The Company’s assets by segment are as follows:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Wireless	$	1,039,211		$	1,101,716
Cable	220,519			218,471
Wireline	116,390			115,282
Other	1,070,204			1,059,898
Combined totals	2,446,324			2,495,367
Inter-segment eliminations	(993,335		)	(1,010,960		)
Consolidated totals	$	1,452,989		$	1,484,407

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Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint - Narrative (Details) - Ntelos Holding, Corp - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	May 06, 2016
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration transferred, net of cash		$ 667,800
Purchase Accounting Adjustments	$ (1,255)
Integration related costs	7,100
Cost of Sales
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Integration related costs	100
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Integration related costs	$ 2,500

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Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint - Schedule of Goodwill Activity (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 144,001
Ending balance	145,256
Ntelos Holding, Corp
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	144,001
Purchase Accounting Adjustments	(1,255)
Ending balance	145,256
Wireline | Ntelos Holding, Corp
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	10
Purchase Accounting Adjustments	0
Ending balance	10
Cable | Ntelos Holding, Corp
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	104
Purchase Accounting Adjustments	0
Ending balance	104
Wireless | Ntelos Holding, Corp
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	143,887
Purchase Accounting Adjustments	(1,255)
Ending balance	$ 145,142

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Acquisition of NTELOS Holdings Corp. and Exchange with Sprint - Schedule of Pro Froma Results (Details) - Ntelos Holding, Corp $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 173,248
Income before income taxes	$ 16,905

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Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract]
Total property, plant and equipment	$ 1,186,426	$ 1,159,077
Less accumulated amortization and depreciation	496,478	460,955
Net property, plant and equipment	689,948	698,122
Plant in service
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract]
Total property, plant and equipment	1,124,446	1,085,318
Plant under construction
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract]
Total property, plant and equipment	$ 61,980	$ 73,759

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Earnings per share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Shares and options outstanding (in shares)	913	991
Options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	125	136

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Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Investments carried at fair value	$ 3,058		$ 2,907
Dividend and interest income from investments	32
Net unrealized gains recognized	$ 120	$ 16

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Investments - Other Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Investment [Line Items]
Cost method investments	$ 7,036	$ 6,919
Total other investments	7,549	7,369
Other Equity Investments
Investment [Line Items]
Other	513	450
CoBank
Investment [Line Items]
Cost method investments	6,296	6,177
Other Equity Investments
Investment [Line Items]
Cost method investments	$ 740	$ 742

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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	May 31, 2016 USD ($) counterparty	Sep. 30, 2012 USD ($)
Derivative [Line Items]
Percentage of expected outstanding debt	50.00%
Interest rate swap | Cash Flow Hedge
Derivative [Line Items]
Amount of notional principal interest rate swap			$ 174,600,000
Notional amount of cash flow hedges	$ 131,000,000.0
Interest rate swap | Cash Flow Hedge | Three Counterparties
Derivative [Line Items]
Amount of notional principal interest rate swap		$ 256,600,000
Notional amount of cash flow hedges	302,400,000.0
Number of counterparties | counterparty		3
Interest Expense
Derivative [Line Items]
Amount reclassified as a reduction to interest expense during next twelve months	$ 237,000

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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Schedule of Derivative Financial Instrument as Well as its Classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - Interest rate swap - Derivatives designated as hedging instruments - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative Assets (Liabilities), at Fair Value, Net, by Balance Sheet Classification [Abstract]
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$ 12,195	$ 11,223
Prepaid expenses and other
Derivative Assets (Liabilities), at Fair Value, Net, by Balance Sheet Classification [Abstract]
Derivative assets, fair value	237	0
Deferred charges and other assets, net
Derivative Assets (Liabilities), at Fair Value, Net, by Balance Sheet Classification [Abstract]
Derivative assets, fair value	11,958	12,118
Accrued liabilities and other
Derivative Assets (Liabilities), at Fair Value, Net, by Balance Sheet Classification [Abstract]
Derivatives liabilities, fair value	$ 0	$ (895)

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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Before Tax [Roll Forward]
December 31, 2016	$ 11,223
March 31, 2017	12,195
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Tax [Roll Forward]
December 31, 2016	(4,435)
March 31, 2017	(4,808)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
December 31, 2016	6,788
March 31, 2017	7,387
Gains on Cash Flow Hedges
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Before Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	541
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	431
Net current period other comprehensive income	972
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	(208)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	(165)
Net current period other comprehensive income	(373)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	333
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (to interest expense)	266
Net current period other comprehensive income	$ 599

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Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Non-amortizing intangibles:	$ 64,431	$ 64,431
Gross Carrying Amount	450,402	449,384
Accumulated Amortization	(71,525)	(59,283)
Net	378,877	390,101
Total intangible assets, gross	514,833	513,815
Intangible assets, net	443,308	454,532
Affiliate contract expansion
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	284,102	284,102
Accumulated Amortization	(19,008)	(14,030)
Net	265,094	270,072
Acquired subscribers – wireless
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	120,855	120,855
Accumulated Amortization	(25,387)	(18,738)
Net	95,468	102,117
Favorable leases - wireless
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	16,950	16,950
Accumulated Amortization	(1,531)	(1,130)
Net	15,419	15,820
Acquired subscribers – cable
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	25,265	25,265
Accumulated Amortization	(24,802)	(24,631)
Net	463	634
Other intangibles
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	3,230	2,212
Accumulated Amortization	(797)	(754)
Net	2,433	1,458
Cable franchise rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Non-amortizing intangibles:	64,334	64,334
Railroad crossing rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Non-amortizing intangibles:	$ 97	$ 97

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Accrued and Other Liabilities - Accrued Liabilities and Other (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Sales and property taxes payable	$ 4,742	$ 6,628
Severance accrual, current portion	3,553	4,267
Asset retirement obligations, current portion	884	5,841
Other current liabilities	8,995	12,349
Accrued liabilities and other	$ 18,174	$ 29,085

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- Other Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Non-current portion of deferred revenues	$ 7,735	$ 8,933
Straight-line management fee waiver	16,180	11,974
Other	2,142	2,836
Other liabilities	$ 26,057	$ 23,743

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Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit - Schedule of Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 866,813	$ 847,875
Less: unamortized loan fees	17,816	18,610
Total debt, net of unamortized loan fees	848,997	829,265
Current maturities of long term debt, net of unamortized loan fees	38,124	32,041
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of unamortized loan fees	810,873	797,224
Term loan A-1
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	466,813	472,875
Term loan A-2
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 400,000	$ 375,000

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Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total indebtedness	$ 866,800,000
Effective interest rate	3.91%
Long-term debt	$ 866,813,000	$ 847,875,000
Leverage ratio two	3.25
Leverage ratio three	3.00
Debt service coverage ratio, actual	4.56
Debt instrument covenants minimum liquidity amount	$ 25,000,000
Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Leverage ratio one	3.75
Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt service coverage ratio, actual	2.00
Term loan A-1
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rate	3.73%
Long-term debt	$ 466,813,000	472,875,000
Periodic payment of principal	6,100,000
Periodic payment principal, period two	$ 12,100,000
Term loan A-1 | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable interest rate	2.75%
Term loan A-2
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rate	3.98%
Long-term debt	$ 400,000,000	$ 375,000,000
Periodic payment of principal	$ 10,000,000
Term loan A-2 | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable interest rate	3.00%

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Long-Term Debt and Revolving Lines of Credit - Schedule of Financial Covenants (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Covenant requirement, total leverage ratio	3.75
Leverage ratio, actual	2.88
Debt service coverage ratio, actual	4.56
Minimum debt service coverage ratio	2.00
Debt instrument covenants minimum liquidity amount	$ 25,000,000
Covenant, liquidity balance, actual	$ 113,000,000

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Segment Information - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 state segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments | segment	3
Non Sprint operations, number of states | state	4

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Segment Information - Selected Financial Data for Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	$ 139,645	$ 81,479
Other	14,235	11,092
Total external revenues	153,880	92,571
Internal revenues	0	0
Total operating revenues	153,880	92,571
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	53,761	31,762
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	40,153	21,426
Integration and acquisition expenses	4,489	332
Depreciation and amortization	44,804	17,739
Total operating expenses	143,207	71,259
Operating income	10,673	21,312
Operating Segments | Wireless
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	108,186	52,179
Other	6,042	3,203
Total external revenues	114,228	55,382
Internal revenues	1,235	1,136
Total operating revenues	115,463	56,518
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	38,318	16,578
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	28,464	11,514
Integration and acquisition expenses	3,792	0
Depreciation and amortization	35,752	8,494
Total operating expenses	106,326	36,586
Operating income	9,137	19,932
Operating Segments | Cable
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	26,411	24,340
Other	2,035	1,846
Total external revenues	28,446	26,186
Internal revenues	567	260
Total operating revenues	29,013	26,446
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	15,228	14,647
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	4,858	5,108
Integration and acquisition expenses	0	0
Depreciation and amortization	5,788	6,095
Total operating expenses	25,874	25,850
Operating income	3,139	596
Operating Segments | Wireline
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	5,048	4,960
Other	6,158	6,043
Total external revenues	11,206	11,003
Internal revenues	7,948	7,376
Total operating revenues	19,154	18,379
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	9,273	8,643
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	1,676	1,605
Integration and acquisition expenses	0	0
Depreciation and amortization	3,132	3,033
Total operating expenses	14,081	13,281
Operating income	5,073	5,098
Operating Segments | Other Segments
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	0	0
Other	0	0
Total external revenues	0	0
Internal revenues	0
Total operating revenues	0	0
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	0	0
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	5,847	3,865
Integration and acquisition expenses	697	332
Depreciation and amortization	132	117
Total operating expenses	6,676	4,314
Operating income	(6,676)	(4,314)
Intersegment Eliminations
External revenues [Abstract]
Service revenues	0	0
Other	0
Total external revenues	0	0
Internal revenues	(9,750)	(8,772)
Total operating revenues	(9,750)	(8,772)
Operating expenses:
Costs of goods and services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	(9,058)	(8,106)
Selling, general and administrative, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below	(692)	(666)
Integration and acquisition expenses	0	0
Depreciation and amortization	0	0
Total operating expenses	(9,750)	(8,772)
Operating income	$ 0	$ 0

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Segment Information - Reconciliation of Operating Profit (Loss) from Segments to Consolidated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Reconciliation of income from continuing operations from segments to consolidated [Abstract]
Total consolidated operating income	$ 10,673	$ 21,312
Interest expense	(9,100)	(1,619)
Non-operating income, net	1,375	556
Income before income taxes	$ 2,948	$ 20,249

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Segment Information - Assets by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	$ 1,452,989	$ 1,484,407
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	2,446,324	2,495,367
Operating Segments | Wireless
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	1,039,211	1,101,716
Operating Segments | Cable
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	220,519	218,471
Operating Segments | Wireline
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	116,390	115,282
Operating Segments | Other Segments
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	1,070,204	1,059,898
Intersegment Eliminations
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Assets	$ (993,335)	$ (1,010,960)

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Subsequent Events (Details) - Sprint and Affiliates - Addendum XX to Sprint PCS Management Agreement - Subsequent Event individual_people in Thousands, customer in Thousands	Apr. 06, 2017 customer individual_people
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Market population | individual_people	500
Number of customers | customer	21