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Loans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans

Total noncovered and covered loans outstanding as of March 31, 2012December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2011
Commercial
$
5,220,051

 
$
5,107,747

 
$
4,565,376

Residential mortgage
428,950

 
413,664

 
399,380

Installment
1,259,930

 
1,263,665

 
1,282,170

Home equity
739,548

 
743,982

 
736,947

Credit card
140,618

 
146,356

 
141,864

Leases
74,112

 
73,530

 
60,487

Total noncovered loans (a)
7,863,209

 
7,748,944

 
7,186,224

Allowance for noncovered loan losses
(103,849
)
 
(107,699
)
 
(114,690
)
Net noncovered loans
7,759,360

 
7,641,245

 
7,071,534

Covered loans (b)
1,378,150

 
1,497,140

 
1,870,255

Allowance for covered loan losses
(41,070
)
 
(36,417
)
 
(28,405
)
Net covered loans
1,337,080

 
1,460,723

 
1,841,850

Net loans
$
9,096,440

 
$
9,101,968

 
$
8,913,384

 
(a)
Includes acquired, noncovered loans of $99.2 million, $113.2 million, and $196.3 million as of March 31, 2012,
December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively.
(b)
Includes loss share receivable of $171.1 million, $205.7 million, and $266.0 million as of March 31, 2012December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively.

Originated loans are presented net of deferred loan origination fees and costs which amounted to $6.6 million, $6.0 million, and $4.0 million at March 31, 2012December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively. Acquired loans, including covered loans, are recorded at fair value as of the date of purchase with no allowance for loan loss. As discussed in Note 2 (Business Combinations), the Bank acquired loans with a fair value of $275.6 million on February 19, 2010 in its acquisition of the First Bank branches, and $177.8 million on February 19, 2010 and $1.8 billion on May 14, 2010 in conjunction with the FDIC-assisted acquisitions of George Washington and Midwest, respectively. The loans that were acquired in these FDIC-assisted transactions are covered by loss sharing agreements which afford the Bank significant loss protection. Loans covered under loss sharing agreements, including the amounts of expected reimbursements from the FDIC under these agreements, are reported as covered loans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the loss share receivable associated with covered loans for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
Three months ended
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
Balance at beginning of period
$
205,664

 
$
288,605

Accretion
(9,657
)
 
(11,630
)
Increase due to impairment
4,899

 
15,179

FDIC reimbursement
(27,430
)
 
(25,631
)
Covered loans paid in full
(2,340
)
 
(542
)
Balance at end of the period
$
171,136

 
$
265,981

 
 
 
 





Acquired Loans

The Corporation evaluates acquired loans for impairment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (“ASC 310-30”). Acquired loans are considered impaired if there is evidence of credit deterioration since origination and if it is probable that not all contractually required payments will be collected. Acquired impaired loans are not classified as nonperforming assets as the loans are considered to be performing under ASC 310-30.

All loans acquired in the First Bank acquisition were performing as of the date of acquisition. The difference between the fair value and the outstanding principal balance of the First Bank acquired loans is being accreted to interest income over the remaining term of the loans.

The Corporation has elected to account for all loans acquired in the George Washington and Midwest acquisitions under ASC 310-30 (“Acquired Impaired Loans”) except for $162.6 million of acquired loans with revolving privileges, which are outside the scope of this guidance, and which are being accounted for in accordance with ASC 310 (“Acquired Non-Impaired Loans”). The outstanding balance, including contractual principal, interest, fees and penalties, of all covered loans accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 was $1.5 billion, $1.6 billion and $2.0 billion as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively.

Over the life of the loans acquired and considered to be impaired under ASC 310-30, the Corporation evaluates the remaining contractual required payments receivable and estimates cash flows expected to be collected, considering the impact of prepayments. The excess of an acquired impaired loan's contractually required payments over the amount of its undiscounted cash flows expected to be collected is referred to as the nonaccretable difference. The nonaccretable difference, which is neither accreted into income nor recorded on our consolidated balance sheet, reflects estimated future credit losses and uncollectible contractual interest expected to be incurred over the life of the acquired impaired loan. The excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the carrying amount of the acquired impaired loans is referred to as the accretable yield. This amount is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the acquired impaired loans or pools using the level yield method. The accretable yield is affected by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans, changes in prepayment speed assumptions and changes in expected principal and interest payments over the estimated lives of the acquired impaired loans.

The contractually required payments receivable represents the total undiscounted amount of all uncollected principal and interest payments. Contractually required payments receivable may increase or decrease for a variety of reasons, for example, when the contractual terms of the loan agreement are modified, when interest rates on variable rate loans change, or when principal and/or interest payments are received.

Cash flows expected to be collected on acquired impaired loans are estimated by incorporating several key assumptions similar to the initial estimate of fair value. These key assumptions include probability of default, loss given default, and the amount of actual prepayments after the acquisition dates. Prepayments affect the estimated life of loans and could change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal, expected to be collected. In reforecasting future estimated cash flows, credit loss expectations are adjusted as necessary. These adjustments are based, in part, on actual loss severities recognized for each loan type, as well as changes in the probability of default. For periods in which estimated cash flows are not reforecasted, the prior reporting period's estimated cash flows are adjusted to reflect the actual cash received and credit events which transpired during the current reporting period.
 
Changes in the carrying amount and accretable yield for Acquired Impaired Loans were as follows for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
Three months ended
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
  
Accretable
Yield
 
Carrying
Amount 
of
Loans
 
Accretable
Yield
 
Carrying
Amount
 of
Loans
Balance at beginning of period
$
176,736

 
$
1,128,978

 
$
227,652

 
$
1,512,817

Accretion
(26,442
)
 
26,442

 
(35,887
)
 
35,887

Net Reclassifications from non-accretable to accretable
11,813

 

 
21,246

 

Payments, received, net

 
(111,901
)
 

 
(122,946
)
Disposals
(815
)
 

 
(565
)
 

Balance at end of period
$
161,292

 
$
1,043,519

 
$
212,446

 
$
1,425,758



A reconciliation of the contractual required payments receivable to the carrying amount of Acquired Impaired Loans for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
Three months ended
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
Contractual required payments receivable
$
1,515,024

 
$
1,954,383

Nonaccretable difference
(310,213
)
 
(316,179
)
Expected cash flows
1,204,811

 
1,638,204

Accretable yield
(161,292
)
 
(212,446
)
Carrying balance
$
1,043,519

 
$
1,425,758

 
 
 
 

Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the acquisition are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loans or pools over its remaining life, while decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment through a provision for loan loss and an increase in the allowance for covered loan losses. The most recent quarterly evaluation of the remaining contractual required payments receivable and cash flows expected to be collected resulted in an overall improvement in the cash flow expectations as a result of positive changes in risk ratings, improvements in the underlying value of collateral dependent loans and actual cash flows received higher than expected. There were no significant changes from prior periods to key assumptions used in the most recent quarterly evaluation of cash flows expected to be collected. The overall improvement in the cash flow expectations resulted in the reclassification from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield of $11.8 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2012. These reclassifications resulted in yield adjustments on these loans and pools on a prospective basis to interest income. Improved cash flow expectations for loans or pools that were impaired during prior periods were recorded first as a reversal of previously recorded impairment and then as an increase in prospective yield when all previously recorded impairment has been recaptured. Additionally, the FDIC loss share receivable was prospectively reduced by the guaranteed portion of the additional cash flows expected to be received, with a corresponding reduction to interest income. The most recent quarterly evaluation of the remaining contractual required payments receivable and cash flows expected to be collected also resulted in the decline in the cash flow expectations of certain loans and pools during the quarter ended March 31, 2012. The decline in expected cash flows was recorded as provision expense of $10.8 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2012 with a related increase of $4.9 million in the loss share receivable for the portion of the losses recoverable under the loss share agreements with the FDIC. This decrease in cash flows resulted in a net increase to the allowance for covered loan losses of $5.9 million as of March 31, 2012. Further detail on impairment and provision expense related to acquired impaired loans can be found in the Note 5 (Allowance for Loan Losses).
    

Credit Quality Disclosures

The quality of the Corporation’s loan portfolios is assessed as a function of net credit losses, levels of nonperforming assets and delinquencies, and credit quality ratings as defined by the Corporation. These credit quality ratings are an important part of the Corporation’s overall credit risk management process and evaluation of the allowance for credit losses. See Note 5 (Allowance for Loan Losses) for further information.

Generally, loans, except for certain commercial, credit card and mortgage loans, and leases on which payments are past due for 90 days are placed on nonaccrual status, unless those loans are in the process of collection and, in Management’s opinion, are fully secured. Credit card loans on which payments are past due for 120 days are placed on nonaccrual status. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, interest deemed uncollectible which had been accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for loan losses and interest deemed uncollectible accrued in the current year is reversed against interest income. Interest on mortgage loans is accrued until Management deems it uncollectible based upon the specific identification method. Payments subsequently received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable. This generally requires timely principal and interest payments for a minimum of six consecutive payment cycles. Loans are generally written off when deemed uncollectible or when they reach a predetermined number of days past due depending upon loan product, terms, and other factors.

The following tables provide a summary of loans by portfolio type, including the delinquency status of those loans that continue to accrue interest and those loans that are nonaccrual.


As of March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing (a)
 
 
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$
9,683

 
$
598

 
$
4,464

 
$
14,745

 
$
2,858,427

 
$
2,873,172

 
$
260

 
$
5,450

CRE
7,066

 
2,270

 
23,439

 
32,775

 
1,951,798

 
1,984,573

 
614

 
32,145

Construction
279

 

 
5,309

 
5,588

 
280,127

 
285,715

 

 
5,451

Leases
775

 

 

 
775

 
73,337

 
74,112

 

 

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment
7,979

 
2,226

 
4,380

 
14,585

 
1,243,165

 
1,257,750

 
4,141

 
434

Home Equity Lines
2,229

 
469

 
1,126

 
3,824

 
717,013

 
720,837

 
556

 
1,113

Credit Cards
913

 
476

 
809

 
2,198

 
138,420

 
140,618

 
309

 
522

Residential Mortgages
8,269

 
2,444

 
10,029

 
20,742

 
406,540

 
427,282

 
3,381

 
6,648

Total
$
37,193

 
$
8,483

 
$
49,556

 
$
95,232

 
$
7,668,827

 
$
7,764,059

 
$
9,261

 
$
51,763

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past  Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
  
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$

 
$

 
$
65

 
$
65

 
$
17,488

 
$
17,553

 
$

 
$
70

CRE
818

 

 
706

 
1,524

 
57,514

 
59,038

 

 
1,430

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Installment

 
14

 

 
14

 
2,166

 
2,180

 

 

Home Equity Lines
220

 
25

 

 
245

 
18,466

 
18,711

 

 

Residential Mortgages

 

 

 

 
1,668

 
1,668

 

 

Total
$
1,038

 
$
39

 
$
771

 
$
1,848

 
$
97,302

 
$
99,150

 
$

 
$
1,500

 
Covered Loans (b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing(c)
 
  
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
Nonaccrual
Loans (c)
  
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
C&I
$
3,736

 
$
105

 
$
28,654

 
$
32,495

 
$
149,471

 
$
181,966

 
n/a
 
n/a
CRE
29,417

 
3,318

 
162,963

 
195,698

 
530,405

 
726,103

 
n/a
 
n/a
Construction
1,695

 
11,688

 
57,628

 
71,011

 
12,208

 
83,219

 
n/a
 
n/a
Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
  
Installment
23

 

 
22

 
45

 
9,163

 
9,208

 
n/a
 
n/a
Home Equity Lines
1,093

 
1,141

 
260

 
2,494

 
134,003

 
136,497

 
n/a
 
n/a
Residential Mortgages
11,995

 
2,197

 
14,532

 
28,724

 
41,297

 
70,021

 
n/a
 
n/a
Total
$
47,959

 
$
18,449

 
$
264,059

 
$
330,467

 
$
876,547

 
$
1,207,014

 
n/a
 
n/a
(a)
Installment loans 90 days or more past due and accruing include $3.3 million of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government as of March 31, 2012.
(b)
Excludes loss share receivable of $171.1 million as of March 31, 2012.
(c)
Acquired impaired loans were not classified as nonperforming assets at March 31, 2012 as the loans are considered to be performing under ASC 310-30. As a result interest income, through the accretion of the difference between the carrying amount of the loans and the expected cash flows, is being recognized on all acquired impaired loans. These asset quality disclosures are, therefore, not applicable to acquired impaired loans.
 
As of December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing (a)
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Days Past Due
 
 
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$
1,521

 
$
940

 
$
5,490

 
$
7,951

 
$
2,740,751

 
$
2,748,702

 
$
465

 
$
9,266

CRE
6,187

 
4,819

 
29,976

 
40,982

 
1,951,211

 
1,992,193

 
984

 
36,025

Construction
39

 

 
7,837

 
7,876

 
269,459

 
277,335

 
609

 
7,575

Leases

 

 

 

 
73,530

 
73,530

 

 

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment
11,531

 
3,388

 
5,167

 
20,086

 
1,241,059

 
1,261,145

 
4,864

 
624

Home Equity Lines
2,627

 
778

 
1,241

 
4,646

 
720,045

 
724,691

 
796

 
1,102

Credit Cards
1,090

 
707

 
1,019

 
2,816

 
143,540

 
146,356

 
403

 
622

Residential Mortgages
11,778

 
2,059

 
9,719

 
23,556

 
388,268

 
411,824

 
3,252

 
6,468

Total
$
34,773

 
$
12,691

 
$
60,449

 
$
107,913

 
$
7,527,863

 
$
7,635,776

 
$
11,373

 
$
61,682

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Days Past Due
 
 
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$

 
$

 
$
66

 
$
66

 
$
26,708

 
$
26,774

 
$

 
$
69

CRE

 
452

 
1,675

 
2,127

 
60,616

 
62,743

 

 
2,880

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment

 

 
1

 
1

 
2,519

 
2,520

 
1

 

Home Equity Lines
67

 

 
1

 
68

 
19,223

 
19,291

 
2

 

Residential Mortgages

 

 

 

 
1,840

 
1,840

 

 

Total
$
67

 
$
452

 
$
1,743

 
$
2,262

 
$
110,906

 
$
113,168

 
$
3

 
$
2,949

 
Covered Loans (b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing (c)
 
Nonaccrual
Loans (c)
  
Days Past Due
 
  
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$
7,451

 
$
2,137

 
$
25,801

 
$
35,389

 
$
162,150

 
$
197,539

 
n/a
 
n/a
CRE
20,379

 
12,895

 
170,795

 
204,069

 
573,779

 
777,848

 
n/a
 
n/a
Construction
4,206

 
1,674

 
57,978

 
63,858

 
26,051

 
89,909

 
n/a
 
n/a
Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment
24

 
25

 
60

 
109

 
10,013

 
10,122

 
n/a
 
n/a
Home Equity Lines
2,656

 
1,094

 
1,088

 
4,838

 
136,710

 
141,548

 
n/a
 
n/a
Residential Mortgages
14,106

 
164

 
14,254

 
28,524

 
45,986

 
74,510

 
n/a
 
n/a
Total
$
48,822

 
$
17,989

 
$
269,976

 
$
336,787

 
$
954,689

 
$
1,291,476

 
n/a
 
n/a
(a)
Installment loans 90 days or more past due and accruing include $3.0 million of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government as of December 31, 2011.
(a)
Excludes loss share receivable of $205.7 million as of December 31, 2011.
(b)
Acquired impaired loans were not classified as nonperforming assets at December 31, 2011 as the loans are considered to be performing under ASC 310-30. As a result interest income, through the accretion of the difference between the carrying amount of the loans and the expected cash flows, is being recognized on all acquired impaired loans. These asset quality disclosures are, therefore, not applicable to acquired impaired loans.


As of March 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing
 
 
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$
17,096

 
$
1,679

 
$
5,700

 
$
24,475

 
$
2,110,808

 
$
2,135,283

 
$

 
$
6,090

CRE
15,644

 
3,836

 
46,562

 
66,042

 
1,935,381

 
2,001,423

 
963

 
52,657

Construction
6,882

 
3,899

 
11,562

 
22,343

 
236,675

 
259,018

 

 
12,392

Leases

 

 

 

 
60,487

 
60,487

 

 

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment
10,214

 
2,779

 
6,128

 
19,121

 
1,260,046

 
1,279,167

 
3,523

 
1,149

Home Equity Lines
3,116

 
1,385

 
353

 
4,854

 
710,045

 
714,899

 
353

 
1,438

Credit Cards
1,085

 
831

 
1,224

 
3,140

 
138,724

 
141,864

 
461

 
1,089

Residential Mortgages
9,507

 
1,991

 
8,472

 
19,970

 
377,862

 
397,832

 
2,693

 
7,784

Total
$
63,544

 
$
16,400

 
$
80,001

 
$
159,945

 
$
6,830,028

 
$
6,989,973

 
$
7,993

 
$
82,599

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing
 
 
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past  Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
  
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C&I
$
215

 
$

 
$
81

 
$
296

 
$
55,163

 
$
55,459

 
$
10

 
$
72

CRE
4,063

 
1,376

 
35

 
5,474

 
108,719

 
114,193

 

 
35

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Installment
3

 
12

 
16

 
31

 
2,972

 
3,003

 
16

 

Home Equity Lines
23

 
50

 

 
73

 
21,975

 
22,048

 

 

Residential Mortgages
65

 

 

 
65

 
1,483

 
1,548

 

 

Total
$
4,369

 
$
1,438

 
$
132

 
$
5,939

 
$
190,312

 
$
196,251

 
$
26

 
$
107

Covered Loans (b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
≥ 90 Days
Past Due 
and
Accruing(c)
 
  
  
Days Past Due
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
Nonaccrual
Loans (c)
  
30-59
 
60-89
 
≥ 90
 
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
C&I
$
6,720

 
$
8,942

 
$
57,060

 
$
72,722

 
$
185,405

 
$
258,127

 
n/a
 
n/a
CRE
33,923

 
19,262

 
204,726

 
257,911

 
718,706

 
976,617

 
n/a
 
n/a
Construction
4,170

 
4,441

 
71,386

 
79,997

 
30,050

 
110,047

 
n/a
 
n/a
Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Installment
205

 
9

 
1,084

 
1,298

 
11,149

 
12,447

 
n/a
 
n/a
Home Equity Lines
1,072

 
1,456

 
1,350

 
3,878

 
151,674

 
155,552

 
n/a
 
n/a
Residential Mortgages
18,369

 
676

 
12,161

 
31,206

 
60,278

 
91,484

 
n/a
 
n/a
Total
$
64,459

 
$
34,786

 
$
347,767

 
$
447,012

 
$
1,157,262

 
$
1,604,274

 
n/a
 
n/a
(a)
Installment loans 90 days or more past due and accruing include $2.3 million of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government as of March 31, 2011.
(b)
Excludes loss share receivable of $266.0 million as of March 31, 2011.
(a)
Acquired impaired loans were not classified as nonperforming assets at March 31, 2011 as the loans are considered to be performing under ASC 310-30. As a result interest income, through the accretion of the difference between the carrying amount of the loans and the expected cash flows, is being recognized on all acquired impaired loans. These asset quality disclosures are, therefore, not applicable to acquired impaired loans.

Individual commercial loans are assigned credit risk grades based on an internal assessment of conditions that affect a borrower’s ability to meet its contractual obligation under the loan agreement. The assessment process includes reviewing a borrower’s current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and other information specific to each borrower. Commercial loans are reviewed on an annual, quarterly or rotational basis or as Management becomes aware of information during a borrower’s ability to fulfill its obligation.

The credit-risk grading process for commercial loans is summarized as follows:

“Pass” Loans (Grades 1, 2, 3, 4) are not considered a greater than normal credit risk. Generally, the borrowers have the apparent ability to satisfy obligations to the bank, and the Corporation anticipates insignificant uncollectible amounts based on its individual loan review.

“Special-Mention” Loans (Grade 5) are commercial loans that have identified potential weaknesses that deserve Management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in noticeable deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position.

“Substandard” Loans (Grade 6) are inadequately protected by the current financial condition and paying capacity of the obligor or by any collateral pledged. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that may jeopardize the liquidation of the debt pursuant to the contractual principal and interest terms. Such loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation may sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

“Doubtful” Loans (Grade 7) have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that existing facts, conditions, and values make collection or liquidation in full highly improbable. Such loans are currently managed separately to determine the highest recovery alternatives.

“Loss” Loans (Grade 8) are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. These loans are charged off when loss is identified.

The following tables provide a summary of loans by portfolio type and the Corporation’s internal credit quality rating:
As of March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
40,605

 
$

 
$

 
$
10,706

Grade 2
97,078

 
6,210

 
610

 

Grade 3
521,791

 
243,461

 
18,208

 
7,098

Grade 4
2,070,512

 
1,554,118

 
251,354

 
55,930

Grade 5
51,591

 
70,452

 
4,257

 

Grade 6
91,527

 
110,332

 
11,286

 
378

Grade 7
68

 

 

 

 
$
2,873,172

 
$
1,984,573

 
$
285,715

 
$
74,112

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2

 

 

 

Grade 3

 

 

 

Grade 4
17,307

 
56,341

 

 

Grade 5

 

 

 

Grade 6
246

 
2,697

 

 

Grade 7

 

 

 

 
$
17,553

 
$
59,038

 
$

 
$

Covered Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
926

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2
1,384

 

 

 

Grade 3
523

 
495

 

 

Grade 4
98,347

 
272,278

 
487

 

Grade 5
7,913

 
90,901

 
1,613

 

Grade 6
67,000

 
349,702

 
72,675

 

Grade 7
5,873

 
12,727

 
8,444

 

 
$
181,966

 
$
726,103

 
$
83,219

 
$

 

As of December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
37,607

 
$

 
$

 
$
10,636

Grade 2
122,124

 
4,218

 
615

 

Grade 3
479,119

 
249,382

 
16,752

 
5,868

Grade 4
1,973,671

 
1,548,420

 
241,302

 
57,026

Grade 5
50,789

 
58,942

 
4,583

 

Grade 6
85,392

 
130,968

 
14,083

 

Grade 7

 
263

 

 

 
$
2,748,702

 
$
1,992,193

 
$
277,335

 
$
73,530

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2

 

 

 

Grade 3

 
1,871

 

 

Grade 4
26,036

 
55,129

 

 

Grade 5

 

 

 

Grade 6
738

 
5,743

 

 

Grade 7

 

 

 

 
$
26,774

 
$
62,743

 
$

 
$

Covered Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
948

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2
1,376

 

 

 

Grade 3

 
516

 

 

Grade 4
109,360

 
303,231

 
487

 

Grade 5
9,661

 
103,919

 
1,567

 

Grade 6
69,330

 
344,445

 
80,009

 

Grade 7
6,864

 
25,737

 
7,846

 

 
$
197,539

 
$
777,848

 
$
89,909

 
$

 
As of March 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Legacy Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
45,658

 
$
11,062

 
$
1,353

 
$
7,732

Grade 2
91,210

 
3,377

 
2,843

 

Grade 3
322,185

 
248,224

 
40,705

 
4,097

Grade 4
1,572,599

 
1,504,267

 
182,071

 
48,322

Grade 5
55,624

 
96,440

 
7,261

 
187

Grade 6
47,859

 
137,740

 
24,785

 
149

Grade 7
148

 
313

 

 

 
$
2,135,283

 
$
2,001,423

 
$
259,018

 
$
60,487

Acquired Loans (Noncovered)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
753

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2

 

 

 

Grade 3
150

 
3,696

 

 

Grade 4
54,164

 
108,500

 

 

Grade 5

 

 

 

Grade 6
392

 
1,997

 

 

Grade 7

 

 

 

 
$
55,459

 
$
114,193

 
$

 
$

Covered Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Commercial
 
C&I
 
CRE
 
Construction
 
Leases
Grade 1
$
794

 
$

 
$

 
$

Grade 2

 

 

 

Grade 3
3,964

 
5,584

 

 

Grade 4
107,152

 
408,683

 
4,521

 

Grade 5
57,338

 
209,800

 
3,408

 

Grade 6
76,113

 
308,729

 
64,968

 

Grade 7
12,766

 
43,821

 
37,150

 

 
$
258,127

 
$
976,617

 
$
110,047

 
$