Debt

Convertible Senior Notes

In December 2014, the Company issued $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of its Convertible Senior Notes. Debt issuance costs of approximately $5.1 million were primarily comprised of underwriters fees, legal, accounting and other professional fees, of which $4.2 million were recorded as a reduction to long-term debt and are being amortized using the effective interest method to interest expense over the six-year term of the Convertible Senior Notes. The remaining $0.9 million of debt issuance costs were allocated as a component of equity in additional paid-in capital. The implied interest rate of the Convertible Senior Notes was 6.9%, assuming no conversion option. The Convertible Senior Notes mature on December 15, 2020.

The Convertible Senior Notes are convertible into cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 31.1891 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes (which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $32.06 per share). The conversion will occur in the following circumstances and to the following extent: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2015, if the last reported sales price of the Company’s common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price of the notes in effect on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five consecutive business day period following any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified events described in the indenture for the Convertible Senior Notes. On or after September 15, 2020 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, holders may surrender their notes for conversion at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. If a fundamental change, as defined in the indenture for the Convertible Senior Notes, such as an acquisition, merger or liquidation of the Company, occurs prior to the maturity date, subject to certain limitations, holders of the Convertible Senior Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their Convertible Senior Notes for cash at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

During the third quarter of 2018, the last reported sales price of the Company’s common stock was greater than 130% of the Convertible Senior Notes conversion price for 20 or more of the 30 consecutive trading days preceding the quarter-end. Consequently, the Convertible Senior Notes were convertible as of September 30, 2018. If the Convertible Senior Notes were converted as of September 30, 2018, the if-converted amount would exceed the principal by $2.2 million. The Convertible Senior Notes may be settled at the Company's option in cash or a combination of cash and shares of common stock. Because the settlement could be in cash, the Convertible Senior Notes have been classified as short-term debt as of September 30, 2018.

During the first and second quarters of 2018, the Company entered into separate, privately negotiated exchange agreements with certain holders of the notes. During the third quarter of 2018, certain note holders requested conversion and the Company elected to issue shares of common stock in exchange for the notes. To measure the resulting loss as of the settlement dates, the applicable interest rates were estimated using Level 2 observable inputs and applied to the converted notes using the same methodology as in the issuance date valuation. The following table summarizes information about the settlement of the Convertible Senior Notes (in thousands).



	Three month ended September 30, 2018		Nine months ended September 30, 2018
Principal amount settled	$	35	$	108,808
Number of shares of common stock issued	1		3,699
Loss on extinguishment of debt	$	—	$	2,303

The Company pays 3.25% interest per annum on the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes semi-annually in arrears in cash on June 15 and December 15 of each year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded total interest expense of $5.2 million related to the Convertible Senior Notes, of which $2.7 million related to the amortization of the debt discount and issuance costs and $2.5 million related to the coupon due semi-annually. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded total interest expense of $8.2 million related to the Convertible Senior Notes of which $4.1 million related to the amortization of the debt discount and issuance costs and $4.1 million related to the coupon due semi-annually.

The following table summarizes information about the equity and liability components of the Convertible Senior Notes (dollars in thousands). The fair values of the respective notes outstanding were measured based on quoted market price and is a Level 2 measurement.



	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Principal amount outstanding	$	58,506		$	167,314
Unamortized discount of liability component	(4,075		)	(15,356		)
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(546		)	(2,090		)
Net carrying amount of liability component	53,885			149,868
Less: current portion	(53,885		)	—
Long-term debt	$	—		$	149,868
Carrying value of equity component, net of issuance costs	$	10,093		$	29,211
Fair value of outstanding Convertible Senior Notes	$	118,767		$	257,245
Remaining amortization period of discount on the liability component	2.3 years			3.0 years

Senior Credit Agreement

On October 6, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which provided the Company with a $245.0 million senior secured term loan facility (the “Term Loan”) and a $25.0 million Revolving Credit Facility ("Revolving Credit Facility") together (the “Senior Credit Facility”). On the closing date of the Credit Agreement, the Company borrowed the entire amount of the Term Loan and $10.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company used cash on hand of $161.8 million to pay down a portion of the existing Term Loan. Separately, the Company also repaid the entire outstanding $10.0 million balance on its Revolving Credit Facility under the Credit Agreement.

On August 31, 2018, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") to replace the prior Credit Agreement. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides the Company with a $175.0 million Revolving Credit Facility. In connection with the closing of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Company borrowed $83.2 million under the Revolving Credit Facility to settle the outstanding Term Loan principal of $83.2 million.

Due to the early payments on the Term Loan and the modification of the Credit Facility, the Company recorded losses on extinguishment of debt of $1.3 million and $6.0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement does not include any term loan component and matures on August 31, 2023. Loans will bear interest at a rate equal to (i) the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus the “applicable rate” or (ii) the “base rate” (defined as the highest of (a) the Bank of America prime rate, (b) the Federal Funds rate plus one-half of one percent and (c) LIBOR plus one percent) plus the “applicable rate.” The initial applicable rate was 1.00% per annum for base rate loans and 2.00% per annum for LIBOR rate loans, and thereafter will be determined in accordance with a pricing grid based on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) ranging from 1.75% to 2.50% per annum for LIBOR rate loans and from 0.75% to 1.50% per annum for base rate loans. In addition, the Company pays a commitment fee on the unused portion of the Credit Agreement based on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio ranging from 0.15% to 0.30% per annum.

The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain material domestic subsidiaries of the Company (the “Guarantors”) and is secured by liens on substantially all of the assets of the Company and the Guarantors, excluding real property and certain other types of excluded assets, and contains affirmative and negative covenants that are customary for credit agreements of this nature. The negative covenants include, among other things, limitations on asset sales, mergers, indebtedness, liens, dividends and other distributions, investments and transactions with affiliates. The Credit Agreement contains two financial covenants: (i) maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of 3.50 to 1.00, which ratio may be increased to 4.50 to 1.00 in case of certain qualifying acquisitions; and (ii) a minimum Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 1.25 to 1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter for the most recently completed four fiscal quarters. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 30, 2018.

Interest expense recognized on the Senior Credit Agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 totaled $1.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively, for the stated interest and commitment fee. Amortization of debt issuance costs associated with the Senior Credit Agreement was $0.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, and was recorded to interest expense in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.