Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Components of income tax expense/(benefit) are as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Current
Federal	$	195,862		$	352,433		$	368,957
Foreign		13,699			10,625			8,513
State		37,555			37,421			42,166
		247,116			400,479			419,636
Deferred
Federal		(6,216	)		(36,998	)		(12,092	)
Foreign		(666	)		24			2,463
State		(3,592	)		192			(820	)
		(10,474	)		(36,782	)		(10,449	)
Total	$	236,642		$	363,697		$	409,187

Reconciliation Between Federal Statutory Rate and Effective Tax Rate

A reconciliation between the federal statutory rate and the effective tax rate is as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Federal statutory rate		21.0	%		35.0	%		35.0	%
State taxes, net of federal income tax benefit		2.6	%		2.2	%		2.4	%
Tax effects of foreign operations		-0.5	%		-1.2	%		-0.8	%
Tax benefit from settlement of employee equity awards		-0.1	%		-1.9	%		0.0	%
Enactment of the TCJA-17		-0.6	%		-1.7	%		0.0	%
Other items		0.9	%		0.2	%		0.2	%
Impact of income attributable to noncontrolling interests		-0.4	%		-0.6	%		-1.4	%
Effective tax rate		22.9	%		32.0	%		35.4	%

Components of Deferred Taxes

The components of deferred taxes are as follows (amounts in thousands):

		Year Ended December 31,
		2018							2017
		Assets				Liabilities			Assets				Liabilities
Self-insurance reserves	$		68,402		$			$		64,181		$
Compensation accruals			74,124							63,021
Doubtful accounts and other reserves			27,184							20,809
Other currently non-deductible accrued liabilities			35,253							19,759
Depreciable and amortizable assets							257,896							226,389
State and foreign net operating loss carryforwards and other state and foreign deferred tax assets			86,315							76,439
Net pension liabilities – OCI only			4,475							2,825
Other combined items – OCI only							929							550
Other liabilities							2,045							1,824
	$		295,753		$		260,870	$		247,034		$		228,763
Valuation Allowance			(79,264	)			0			(70,227	)			0
Total deferred income taxes	$		216,489		$		260,870	$		176,807		$		228,763

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The tabular reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows (amounts in thousands):

	As of  December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Balance at January 1,	$	1,096		$	1,259		$	1,982
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year		500			500			50
Additions for tax positions of prior years		62			47			74
Reductions for tax positions of prior years		0			0			(94	)
Settlements		(105	)		(710	)		(753	)
Balance at December 31,	$	1,553		$	1,096		$	1,259