Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	(10) Income Taxes Our effective income tax rates were 23.7% and 34.0% during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 23.3% and 34.4% during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The decreases in the effective tax rates during the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, as compared to the comparable periods in 2017, were primarily due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “TCJA-17”), which reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. Partially offsetting the favorable impact of the TCJA-17 during the 2018 periods, as compared to the comparable 2017 periods, were unfavorable changes of $1 million during the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 and $8 million during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018, resulting from our January 1, 2017 adoption of ASU 2016-09 “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 resulted in less than $1 million impact to our provision for income taxes during the third quarter of 2018 and 2017, and decreased our provision for income taxes by $1 million during the first nine months of 2018 as compared to a $9 million decrease during the first nine months of 2017. The TCJA-17 enacted on December 22, 2017 makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; (4) requiring a current inclusion in U.S. federal taxable income of certain earnings of controlled foreign corporations through the implementation of a territorial tax system; and (5) creating a new limitation on deductible interest expense. Due to the complexities involved in accounting for the TCJA-17, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which allows a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the TCJA-17 to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts. We applied the guidance in SAB 118 and at December 31, 2017, recorded provisional estimates to re-measure our deferred taxes using the new 21% rate ($30 million tax benefit) and to record an estimated transition tax ($11.3 million expense). During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we have not made any additional measurement period adjustments related to the provisional estimates recorded at December 31, 2017. However, we are continuing to gather additional information to complete our accounting for these items and expect to complete our accounting within the prescribed measurement period. The global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions from the TCJA-17 require the inclusion of the earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries in excess of an acceptable rate of return on certain assets of the respective subsidiaries in our U.S. tax return for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017. We recorded an estimate in our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Due to the complexities around the calculation we have not recorded any provisional deferred tax effects related to the GILTI tax and will not make an accounting policy election at this time with respect to deferred tax effects of GILTI for our consolidated financial statements nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of January 1, 2018, our unrecognized tax benefits were approximately $1 million. The amount, if recognized, that would favorably affect the effective tax rate is approximately $1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, changes to the estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions (including accrued interest) relating to tax positions taken during prior and current periods did not have a material impact on our financial statements. We recognize accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of the tax provision. As of September 30, 2018, we have less than $1 million of accrued interest and penalties. The U.S. federal statute of limitations remains open for 2015 and subsequent years. Foreign and U.S. state and local jurisdictions have statutes of limitations generally ranging from 3 to 4 years. The statute of limitations on certain jurisdictions could expire within the next twelve months. It is reasonably possible that the amount of uncertain tax benefits will change during the next 12 months, however, it is anticipated that any such change, if it were to occur, would not have a material impact on our results of operations. We operate in multiple jurisdictions with varying tax laws. We are subject to audits by any of these taxing authorities. Our tax returns have been examined by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) through the year ended December 31, 2006. We believe that adequate accruals have been provided for federal, foreign and state taxes.

(10) Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rates were 23.7% and 34.0% during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 23.3% and 34.4% during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The decreases in the effective tax rates during the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, as compared to the comparable periods in 2017, were primarily due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “TCJA-17”), which reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. Partially offsetting the favorable impact of the TCJA-17 during the 2018 periods, as compared to the comparable 2017 periods, were unfavorable changes of $1 million during the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 and $8 million during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018, resulting from our January 1, 2017 adoption of ASU 2016-09 “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 resulted in less than $1 million impact to our provision for income taxes during the third quarter of 2018 and 2017, and decreased our provision for income taxes by $1 million during the first nine months of 2018 as compared to a $9 million decrease during the first nine months of 2017.

The TCJA-17 enacted on December 22, 2017 makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; (4) requiring a current inclusion in U.S. federal taxable income of certain earnings of controlled foreign corporations through the implementation of a territorial tax system; and (5) creating a new limitation on deductible interest expense. Due to the complexities involved in accounting for the TCJA-17, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which allows a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the TCJA-17 to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts. We applied the guidance in SAB 118 and at December 31, 2017, recorded provisional estimates to re-measure our deferred taxes using the new 21% rate ($30 million tax benefit) and to record an estimated transition tax ($11.3 million expense). During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we have not made any additional measurement period adjustments related to the provisional estimates recorded at December 31, 2017. However, we are continuing to gather additional information to complete our accounting for these items and expect to complete our accounting within the prescribed measurement period.

The global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions from the TCJA-17 require the inclusion of the earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries in excess of an acceptable rate of return on certain assets of the respective subsidiaries in our U.S. tax return for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017. We recorded an estimate in our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Due to the complexities around the calculation we have not recorded any provisional deferred tax effects related to the GILTI tax and will not make an accounting policy election at this time with respect to deferred tax effects of GILTI for our consolidated financial statements nine months ended September 30, 2018.

As of January 1, 2018, our unrecognized tax benefits were approximately $1 million. The amount, if recognized, that would favorably affect the effective tax rate is approximately $1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, changes to the estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions (including accrued interest) relating to tax positions taken during prior and current periods did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

We recognize accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of the tax provision. As of September 30, 2018, we have less than $1 million of accrued interest and penalties. The U.S. federal statute of limitations remains open for 2015 and subsequent years. Foreign and U.S. state and local jurisdictions have statutes of limitations generally ranging from 3 to 4 years. The statute of limitations on certain jurisdictions could expire within the next twelve months. It is reasonably possible that the amount of uncertain tax benefits will change during the next 12 months, however, it is anticipated that any such change, if it were to occur, would not have a material impact on our results of operations.

We operate in multiple jurisdictions with varying tax laws. We are subject to audits by any of these taxing authorities. Our tax returns have been examined by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) through the year ended December 31, 2006. We believe that adequate accruals have been provided for federal, foreign and state taxes.