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Reinsurance
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]  
Reinsurance Reinsurance
The effects of reinsurance on premiums and contract charges are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
180

 
$
184

 
$
548

 
$
553

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
58

 
60

 
174

 
181

Non-affiliate
172

 
184

 
524

 
558

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
(12
)
 
(13
)
 
(37
)
 
(38
)
Non-affiliate
(65
)
 
(71
)
 
(189
)
 
(209
)
Premiums and contract charges, net of reinsurance
$
333

 
$
344

 
$
1,020

 
$
1,045


The effects of reinsurance on contract benefits are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
278

 
$
253

 
$
739

 
$
776

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
37

 
44

 
99

 
112

Non-affiliate
127

 
101

 
377

 
358

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
(8
)
 
(7
)
 
(27
)
 
(27
)
Non-affiliate
(68
)
 
(29
)
 
(84
)
 
(130
)
Contract benefits, net of reinsurance
$
366

 
$
362

 
$
1,104

 
$
1,089


The effects of reinsurance on interest credited to contractholder funds are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
123

 
$
119

 
$
353

 
$
378

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
2

 
2

 
6

 
6

Non-affiliate
41

 
38

 
116

 
96

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
(5
)
 
(5
)
 
(15
)
 
(15
)
Non-affiliate
(7
)
 
(4
)
 
(15
)
 
(15
)
Interest credited to contractholder funds, net of reinsurance
$
154

 
$
150

 
$
445

 
$
450


Reinsurance Recoverables As of September 30, 2019, the Company had $2.48 billion of reinsurance recoverables. Of the $2.48 billion, the Company had $64 million of reinsurance recoverables, net of an allowance for estimated uncollectible amounts, related to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. On December 14, 2018, the Delaware Insurance Commissioner placed Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. under regulatory supervision.  On March 6, 2019, the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware entered a Rehabilitation and Injunction Order (the “Rehabilitation Order”) in response to a petition filed by the Insurance Commissioner (the “Petition”).  Pursuant to the Petition, it is expected that Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. will submit a Plan of Rehabilitation. The Company joined in a joint motion filed on behalf of several affected parties asking the court to allow a specified amount of offsetting claim payments and losses against premiums remitted to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc.  The Company also filed a separate motion related to the reimbursement of claim payments where Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. is also acting as administrator. The Court has not yet ruled on either of these motions. In the interim, the Company and several other affected parties have been permitted to exercise certain setoff rights while the parties address any potential disputes.
The Company continues to monitor Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. for future developments and will reevaluate its allowance for uncollectible amounts as new information becomes available.