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Restructuring and Cost Reduction Programs
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Cost Reduction Programs Restructuring and Cost Reduction Programs
Our restructuring and cost reduction programs have been developed with the objective of realigning the business and lowering our cost structure. Total restructuring charges resulting from these activities were $14.4 million in 2021, $17.4 million in 2020, and $11.0 million in 2019, which are reported in Restructuring and impairment charges in our consolidated statement of operations. As discussed in Note 4, our Tile Coatings business was classified as held-for-sale. As such, the restructuring costs pertaining to the Tile Coatings business of $0.3 million in 2021, $2.3 million in 2020, and $1.9 million in 2019 are reported in Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes.
Organizational Optimization Plan
In conjunction with the pending sale of the Tile Coatings business, discussed in Note 4, we developed our Organizational Optimization Plan and initiated a program across the organization with the objective of realigning the business and lowering our cost structure in anticipation of the pending sale. The remaining activities of the program are expected to be recognized throughout 2022.
Americas Manufacturing Optimization Plan
In the second quarter of 2020, we developed our Americas Manufacturing Optimization Plan and initiated a program across the organization with the objective of realigning the business and lowering our cost structure. The Americas Manufacturing Optimization Plan is focused on the construction of a new manufacturing center of excellence located in Villagran, Mexico. The remaining activities of the program are expected to be recognized within the next 12 months.
Global Optimization Plan
The program involves our global operations and certain functions and initiatives to increase operational efficiencies, some of which is associated with integration of our acquisitions. Actions associated with the Global Optimization Plan were substantially completed during 2021, and as such, we do not anticipate further material charges related to this plan.
The charges associated with these restructuring programs are summarized by major type below:
(Dollars in thousands)Employee
Severance		Other CostsTotal
Expected restructuring charges:
Organizational Optimization Program$5,654 $— $5,654 
American Manufacturing Optimization Program— — — 
Global Optimization Program— — — 
Total expected restructuring charges$5,654 $— $5,654 
Restructuring charges incurred:
Global Optimization Program$7,163 $3,792 $10,955 
Charges incurred in 2019$7,163 $3,792 $10,955 
Organizational Optimization Program$2,980 $— $2,980 
American Manufacturing Optimization Program1,040 — 1,040 
Global Optimization Program5,670 7,735 13,405 
Charges incurred in 2020$9,690 $7,735 $17,425 
Organizational Optimization Program$6,834 $— $6,834 
American Manufacturing Optimization Program3,637 — 3,637 
Global Optimization Program— 3,939 3,939 
Charges incurred in 2021$10,471 $3,939 $14,410 
Cumulative restructuring charges incurred:
Organizational Optimization Program$9,814 $— $9,814 
American Manufacturing Optimization Program4,677 — 4,677 
Global Optimization Program12,833 15,466 28,299 
Cumulative restructuring charges incurred as of December 31, 2021$27,324 $15,466 $42,790 
The charges associated with the restructuring programs are summarized by segments below:
(Dollars in thousands)Total
Expected
Charges		202120202019Cumulative
Charges To
Date
Functional Coatings$169 $— $27 $(5)$22 
Color Solutions99 106 101 124 331 
Segment Total268 106 128 119 353 
Corporate Restructuring Charges5,386 14,304 17,297 10,836 42,437 
Total Restructuring Charges$5,654 $14,410 $17,425 $10,955 $42,790 
The activities and accruals related to our optimization programs are below:
(Dollars in thousands)Employee
Severance		Other CostsTotal
Balance at December 31, 2018$1,011 $832 $1,843 
Restructuring charges7,163 3,792 10,955 
Cash payments(6,987)(1,831)(8,818)
Non-cash items(440)(1,301)(1,741)
Balance at December 31, 2019747 1,492 2,239 
Restructuring charges9,690 7,735 17,425 
Cash payments(4,363)(4,526)(8,889)
Non-cash items(564)(241)(805)
Balance at December 31, 20205,510 4,460 9,970 
Restructuring charges10,471 3,939 14,410 
Cash payments(7,626)(2,628)(10,254)
Non-cash items— (1,129)(1,129)
Balance at December 31, 2021$8,355 $4,642 $12,997 
We expect to make cash payments to settle the remaining liability for employee severance benefits and other costs over the next twelve months, except where legal or contractual obligations would require it to extend beyond that period.