NOTE 4 – LOANS

The Company engages in a full complement of lending activities, including real estate-related loans, agriculture-related loans, commercial and financial loans and consumer installment loans within select markets in Georgia, Alabama, Florida and South Carolina. Ameris concentrates the majority of its lending activities in real estate loans. While risk of loss in the Company’s portfolio is primarily tied to the credit quality of the various borrowers, risk of loss may increase due to factors beyond the Company’s control, such as local, regional and/or national economic downturns. General conditions in the real estate market may also impact the relative risk in the real estate portfolio.

Commercial, financial and agricultural loans include both secured and unsecured loans for working capital, expansion, crop production, and other business purposes. Short-term working capital loans are secured by non-real estate collateral such as accounts receivable, crops, inventory and equipment. The Company evaluates the financial strength, cash flow, management, credit history of the borrower and the quality of the collateral securing the loan. The Bank often requires personal guarantees and secondary sources of repayment on commercial, financial and agricultural loans.

Real estate loans include construction and development loans, commercial and farmland loans and residential loans. Construction and development loans include loans for the development of residential neighborhoods, construction of one-to-four family residential construction loans to builders and consumers, and commercial real estate construction loans, primarily for owner-occupied properties. The Company limits its construction lending risk through adherence to established underwriting procedures. Commercial real estate loans include loans secured by owner-occupied commercial buildings for office, storage, retail, farmland and warehouse space. They also include non-owner occupied commercial buildings such as leased retail and office space. Commercial real estate loans may be larger in size and may involve a greater degree of risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans. Payments on such loans are often dependent on successful operation or management of the properties. The Company’s residential loans represent permanent mortgage financing and are secured by residential properties located within the Bank’s market areas.

Consumer installment loans and other loans include automobile loans, boat and recreational vehicle financing, and both secured and unsecured personal loans. Consumer loans carry greater risks than other loans, as the collateral can consist of rapidly depreciating assets such as automobiles and equipment that may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the loan in the case of default.

Loans are stated at unpaid balances, net of unearned income and deferred loan fees. Balances within the major loans receivable categories are presented in the following table:


(Dollars in Thousands)	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	244,991	$	174,217	$	189,374
Real estate – construction and development		132,277		114,199		125,315
Real estate – commercial and farmland		799,149		732,322		713,240
Real estate – residential		355,920		346,480		343,332
Consumer installment		36,303		40,178		43,441
Other		20,627		43,239		25,160

	$	1,589,267	$	1,450,635	$	1,439,862

Covered loans are defined as loans that were acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions that are covered by a loss-sharing agreement with the FDIC. Covered loans totaling $417.6 million, $507.7 million and $546.2 million at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012, respectively, are not included in the above schedule.

Covered loans are shown below according to loan type as of the end of the periods shown:


(Dollars in Thousands)	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	27,768	$	32,606	$	37,167
Real estate – construction and development		50,702		70,184		73,356
Real estate – commercial and farmland		237,086		278,506		298,903
Real estate – residential		101,146		125,056		135,154
Consumer installment		947		1,360		1,654

	$	417,649	$	507,712	$	546,234

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when, in management’s judgment, the collection of the interest income appears doubtful. Interest receivable that has been accrued and is subsequently determined to have doubtful collectability is charged to interest income. Interest on loans that are classified as non-accrual is recognized when received. Past due loans are loans whose principal or interest is past due 90 days or more. In some cases, where borrowers are experiencing financial difficulties, loans may be restructured to provide terms significantly different from the original contractual terms.

The following table presents an analysis of non-covered loans accounted for on a nonaccrual basis:


(Dollars in Thousands)	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	4,198	$	4,138	$	4,285
Real estate – construction and development		4,229		9,281		8,201
Real estate – commercial and farmland		9,548		11,962		11,408
Real estate – residential		13,303		12,595		13,236
Consumer installment		442		909		1,095

	$	31,720	$	38,885	$	38,225

The following table presents an analysis of covered loans accounted for on a nonaccrual basis:


(Dollars in Thousands)	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	7,872	$	10,765	$	11,938
Real estate – construction and development		16,582		20,027		21,971
Real estate – commercial and farmland		37,079		55,946		58,377
Real estate – residential		13,028		28,672		31,189
Consumer installment		350		302		426

	$	74,911	$	115,712	$	123,901

The following table presents an aging analysis of non-covered loans as of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012.


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2013:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	623	$	297	$	4,107	$	5,027	$	239,964	$	244,991	$	—
Real estate – construction & development		1,200		794		4,229		6,223		126,054		132,277		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland		3,883		2,458		9,523		15,864		783,285		799,149		—
Real estate – residential		5,515		3,531		11,818		20,864		335,056		355,920		—
Consumer installment loans		497		255		327		1,079		35,224		36,303		—
Other		—		—		—		—		20,627		20,627		—

Total	$	11,718	$	7,335	$	30,004	$	49,057	$	1,540,210	$	1,589,267	$	—


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of December 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	258	$	312	$	3,969	$	4,539	$	169,678	$	174,217	$	—
Real estate – construction & development		347		332		8,969		9,648		104,551		114,199		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland		2,867		2,296		9,544		14,707		717,615		732,322		—
Real estate – residential		7,651		2,766		10,990		21,407		325,073		346,480		—
Consumer installment loans		702		391		815		1,908		38,270		40,178		—
Other		—		—		—		—		43,239		43,239		—

Total	$	11,825	$	6,097	$	34,287	$	52,209	$	1,398,426	$	1,450,635	$	—


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	1,192	$	639	$	3,786	$	5,617	$	183,757	$	189,374	$	—
Real estate – construction & development		518		152		8,180		8,850		116,465		125,315		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland		3,507		812		11,402		15,721		697,519		713,240		—
Real estate – residential		7,200		2,346		12,372		21,918		321,414		343,332		—
Consumer installment loans		687		284		993		1,964		41,477		43,441		—
Other		—		—		—		—		25,160		25,160		—

Total	$	13,104	$	4,233	$	36,733	$	54,070	$	1,385,792	$	1,439,862	$	—

The following table presents an aging analysis of covered loans as of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012.


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2013:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	319	$	50	$	6,695	$	7,064	$	20,704	$	27,768	$	—
Real estate – construction & development		2,831		658		15,781		19,270		31,432		50,702		266
Real estate – commercial & farmland		7,365		5,350		30,503		43,218		193,868		237,086		568
Real estate – residential		2,980		1,727		11,078		15,785		85,361		101,146		823
Consumer installment loans		49		—		311		360		587		947		—

Total	$	13,544	$	7,785	$	64,368	$	85,697	$	331,952	$	417,649	$	1,657


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of December 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	2,390	$	1,105	$	10,612	$	14,107	$	18,499	$	32,606	$	98
Real estate – construction & development		1,584		2,592		19,656		23,832		46,352		70,184		1,077
Real estate – commercial & farmland		11,451		7,373		52,570		71,394		207,112		278,506		1,347
Real estate – residential		6,066		3,396		24,976		34,438		90,618		125,056		779
Consumer installment loans		45		13		258		316		1,044		1,360		—

Total	$	21,536	$	14,479	$	108,072	$	144,087	$	363,625	$	507,712	$	3,301


	Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Loans 90 or More Days Past Due		Total Loans Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	1,384	$	788	$	11,315	$	13,487	$	23,680	$	37,167	$	—
Real estate – construction & development		3,611		1,663		22,194		27,468		45,888		73,356		2,312
Real estate – commercial & farmland		7,072		6,559		51,382		65,013		233,890		298,903		808
Real estate – residential		4,702		3,349		28,559		36,610		98,544		135,154		1,018
Consumer installment loans		56		92		255		403		1,251		1,654		—

Total	$	16,825	$	12,451	$	113,705	$	142,981	$	403,253	$	546,234	$	4,138

Impaired Loans

Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreements. When determining if the Company will be unable to collect all principal and interest payments due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, the Company considers the borrower’s capacity to pay, which includes such factors as the borrower’s current financial statements, an analysis of global cash flow sufficient to pay all debt obligations and an evaluation of secondary sources of repayment, such as guarantor support and collateral value. Impaired loans include loans on nonaccrual status and troubled debt restructurings. The Company individually assesses for impairment all nonaccrual loans greater than $200,000 and rated substandard or worse and all troubled debt restructurings greater than $100,000. If a loan is deemed impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis.

The following is a summary of information pertaining to non-covered impaired loans:


	As of and For the Period Ended
	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Nonaccrual loans	$	31,720	$	38,885	$	38,225
Troubled debt restructurings not included above		17,024		18,744		19,893

Total impaired loans	$	48,744	$	57,629	$	58,118


Impaired loans not requiring a related allowance	$	—	$	—	$	—

Impaired loans requiring a related allowance	$	48,744	$	57,629	$	58,118

Allowance related to impaired loans	$	5,180	$	5,115	$	7,681

Average investment in impaired loans	$	53,047	$	70,209	$	73,353

Interest income recognized on impaired loans	$	468	$	495	$	376

Foregone interest income on impaired loans	$	388	$	718	$	491

The following table presents an analysis of information pertaining to non-covered impaired loans as of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012.


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2013:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	7,401	$	—	$	4,719	$	4,719	$	820	$	4,900
Real estate – construction & development		14,299		—		6,155		6,155		821		8,960
Real estate – commercial & farmland		18,628		—		16,241		16,241		1,999		18,079
Real estate – residential		24,701		—		21,174		21,174		1,530		20,427
Consumer installment loans		565		—		455		455		10		681

Total	$	65,594	$	—	$	48,744	$	48,744	$	5,180	$	53,047


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of December 31, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	8,024	$	—	$	4,940	$	4,940	$	743	$	4,968
Real estate – construction & development		20,316		—		11,016		11,016		910		11,706
Real estate – commercial & farmland		25,076		—		20,910		20,910		2,191		30,638
Real estate – residential		24,155		—		19,848		19,848		1,246		21,813
Consumer installment loans		1,187		—		915		915		25		1,084

Total	$	78,758	$	—	$	57,629	$	57,629	$	5,115	$	70,209


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	8,261	$	—	$	5,089	$	5,089	$	876	$	4,974
Real estate – construction & development		19,583		—		9,682		9,682		1,253		11,879
Real estate – commercial & farmland		25,346		—		20,948		20,948		2,907		33,070
Real estate – residential		24,993		—		21,304		21,304		2,616		22,303
Consumer installment loans		1,220		—		1,095		1,095		29		1,127

Total	$	79,403	$	—	$	58,118	$	58,118	$	7,681	$	73,353

The following is a summary of information pertaining to covered impaired loans:


	As of and For the Period Ended
	September 30, 2013		December 31, 2012		September 30, 2012
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Nonaccrual loans	$	74,911	$	115,712	$	123,901
Troubled debt restructurings not included above		21,184		19,194		25,926

Total impaired loans	$	96,095	$	134,906	$	149,827


Impaired loans not requiring a related allowance	$	96,095	$	134,906	$	149,827

Impaired loans requiring a related allowance	$	—	$	—	$	—

Allowance related to impaired loans	$	—	$	—	$	—

Average investment in impaired loans	$	115,689	$	163,825	$	171,055

Interest income recognized on impaired loans	$	793	$	849	$	1,319

Foregone interest income on impaired loans	$	286	$	491	$	554

The following table presents an analysis of information pertaining to impaired covered loans as of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012.


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2013:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	10,645	$	7,884	$	—	$	7,884	$	—	$	9,052
Real estate – construction & development		25,401		20,890		—		20,890		—		22,734
Real estate – commercial & farmland		51,105		43,279		—		43,279		—		54,292
Real estate – residential		28,078		23,692		—		23,692		—		29,316
Consumer installment loans		404		350		—		350		—		295

Total	$	115,633	$	96,095	$	—	$	96,095	$	—	$	115,689


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of December 31, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	27,060	$	10,802	$	—	$	10,802	$	—	$	12,506
Real estate – construction & development		85,279		23,236		—		23,236		—		29,970
Real estate – commercial & farmland		159,493		64,231		—		64,231		—		78,790
Real estate – residential		63,559		36,335		—		36,335		—		42,061
Consumer installment loans		393		302		—		302		—		498

Total	$	335,784	$	134,906	$	—	$	134,906	$	—	$	163,825


	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
As of September 30, 2012:
Commercial, financial & agricultural	$	17,833	$	11,976	$	—	$	11,976	$	—	$	12,932
Real estate – construction & development		34,787		23,833		—		23,833		—		31,653
Real estate – commercial & farmland		98,909		72,802		—		72,802		—		82,430
Real estate – residential		54,020		40,790		—		40,790		—		43,492
Consumer installment loans		890		426		—		426		—		548

Total	$	206,439	$	149,827	$	—	$	149,827	$	—	$	171,055

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company uses a nine category risk grading system to assign a risk grade to each loan in the portfolio. Following is a description of the general characteristics of the grades:

Grade 10 – Prime Credit – This grade represents loans to the Company’s most creditworthy borrowers or loans that are secured by cash or cash equivalents.

Grade 15 – Good Credit – This grade includes loans that exhibit one or more characteristics better than that of a Satisfactory Credit. Generally, debt service coverage and borrower’s liquidity is materially better than required by the Company’s loan policy.

Grade 20 – Satisfactory Credit – This grade is assigned to loans to borrowers who exhibit satisfactory credit histories, contain acceptable loan structures and demonstrate ability to repay.

Grade 23 – Performing, Under-Collateralized Credit – This grade is assigned to loans that are currently performing and supported by adequate financial information that reflects repayment capacity but exhibits a loan-to-value ratio greater than 110%, based on a documented collateral valuation.

Grade 25 – Minimum Acceptable Credit – This grade includes loans which exhibit all the characteristics of a Satisfactory Credit, but warrant more than normal level of banker supervision due to (i) circumstances which elevate the risks of performance (such as start-up operations, untested management, heavy leverage, interim losses); (ii) adverse, extraordinary events that have affected, or could affect, the borrower’s cash flow, financial condition, ability to continue operating profitability or refinancing (such as death of principal, fire, divorce); (iii) loans that require more than the normal servicing requirements (such as any type of construction financing, acquisition and development loans, accounts receivable or inventory loans and floor plan loans); (iv) existing technical exceptions which raise some doubts about the Bank’s perfection in its collateral position or the continued financial capacity of the borrower; or (v) improvements in formerly criticized borrowers, which may warrant banker supervision.

Grade 30 – Other Asset Especially Mentioned – This grade includes loans that exhibit potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Company’s credit position at some future date.

Grade 40 – Substandard – This grade represents loans which are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. These assets exhibit a well-defined weakness or are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These weaknesses may be characterized by past due performance, operating losses or questionable collateral values.

Grade 50 – Doubtful – This grade includes loans which exhibit all of the characteristics of a substandard loan with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable or improbable.

Grade 60 – Loss – This grade is assigned to loans which are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as active assets of the Bank is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loss has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing it off.

The following table presents the non-covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of September 30, 2013.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	65,033	$	—	$	278	$	420	$	7,028	$	—	$	72,759
15		20,668		5,080		147,355		56,464		1,243		—		230,810
20		89,216		37,765		421,669		142,186		19,691		20,627		731,154
23		97		7,085		10,054		13,275		218		—		30,729
25		60,407		72,942		183,371		109,604		7,034		—		433,358
30		3,019		2,264		12,089		11,427		153		—		28,952
40		6,326		7,141		24,333		22,534		936		—		61,270
50		225		—		—		10		—		—		235
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	244,991	$	132,277	$	799,149	$	355,920	$	36,303	$	20,627	$	1,589,267

The following table presents the non-covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of December 31, 2012.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	24,623	$	—	$	309	$	464	$	7,597	$	—	$	32,993
15		11,316		4,373		147,966		71,254		1,591		—		236,500
20		79,522		31,413		351,997		114,418		21,361		43,239		641,950
23		42		8,521		9,012		13,788		70		—		31,433
25		49,071		52,577		176,395		113,591		7,576		—		399,210
30		2,343		3,394		19,401		9,672		488		—		35,298
40		7,200		13,765		27,242		23,292		1,495		—		72,994
50		100		156		—		1		—		—		257
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	174,217	$	114,199	$	732,322	$	346,480	$	40,178	$	43,239	$	1,450,635

The following table presents the non-covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of September 30, 2012.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	26,291	$	—	$	220	$	411	$	7,887	$	—	$	34,809
15		11,816		4,532		152,678		74,040		1,400		—		244,466
20		80,681		33,603		324,270		105,531		23,038		25,160		592,283
23		5		7,667		8,773		13,650		81		—		30,176
25		62,377		59,013		184,146		113,560		8,502		—		427,598
30		1,508		7,948		14,742		10,535		745		—		35,478
40		6,436		12,396		28,411		25,583		1,780		—		74,606
50		260		156		—		22		8		—		446
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	189,374	$	125,315	$	713,240	$	343,332	$	43,441	$	25,160	$	1,439,862

The following table presents the covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of September 30, 2013.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
15		—		22		1,098		641		—		—		1,761
20		2,697		11,347		34,252		22,545		208		—		71,049
23		135		1,080		16,708		2,902		51		—		20,876
25		7,609		7,360		108,886		39,632		250		—		163,737
30		1,485		5,505		24,790		9,196		14		—		40,990
40		15,842		25,388		51,352		26,230		424		—		119,236
50		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	27,768	$	50,702	$	237,086	$	101,146	$	947	$	—	$	417,649

The following table presents the covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of December 31, 2012.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
15		—		39		1,640		644		—		—		2,323
20		3,997		12,194		37,098		31,337		292		—		84,918
23		28		1,174		9,576		2,052		—		—		12,830
25		10,013		19,216		114,849		40,194		558		—		184,830
30		4,294		7,214		38,665		11,883		50		—		62,106
40		14,274		30,347		76,678		38,946		460		—		160,705
50		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	32,606	$	70,184	$	278,506	$	125,056	$	1,360	$	—	$	507,712

The following table presents the covered loan portfolio by risk grade as of September 30, 2012.


Risk Grade	Commercial, financial & agricultural		Real estate - construction & development		Real estate - commercial & farmland		Real estate - residential		Consumer installment loans		Other		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
10	$	—	$	8	$	—	$	853	$	—	$	—	$	861
15		91		44		1,673		708		—		—		2,516
20		4,970		13,950		40,912		34,397		319		—		94,548
23		30		1,226		4,638		1,889		—		—		7,783
25		11,986		18,921		130,155		44,999		721		—		206,782
30		4,063		7,494		35,764		9,016		64		—		56,401
40		16,027		31,713		85,761		43,292		550		—		177,343
50		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
60		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	37,167	$	73,356	$	298,903	$	135,154	$	1,654	$	—	$	546,234

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The restructuring of a loan is considered a “troubled debt restructuring” if both (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (ii) the Company has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions to below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses. The Company has exhibited the greatest success for rehabilitation of the loan by a reduction in the rate alone (maintaining the amortization of the debt) or a combination of a rate reduction and the forbearance of previously past due interest or principal. This has most typically been evidenced in certain commercial real estate loans whereby a disruption in the borrower’s cash flow resulted in an extended past due status, of which the borrower was unable to catch up completely as the cash flow of the property ultimately stabilized at a level lower than its original level. A reduction in rate, coupled with a forbearance of unpaid principal and/or interest, allowed the net cash flows to service the debt under the modified terms.

The Company’s policy requires a restructure request to be supported by a current, well-documented credit evaluation of the borrower’s financial condition and a collateral evaluation that is no older than six months from the date of the restructure. Key factors of that evaluation include the documentation of current, recurring cash flows, support provided by the guarantor(s) and the current valuation of the collateral. If the appraisal in file is older than six months, an evaluation must be made as to the continued reasonableness of the valuation. For certain income-producing properties, current rent rolls and/or other income information can be utilized to support the appraisal valuation, when coupled with documented cap rates within our markets and a physical inspection of the collateral to validate the current condition.

The Company’s policy states in the event a loan has been identified as a troubled debt restructuring, it should be assigned a grade of substandard and placed on nonaccrual status until such time that the borrower has demonstrated the ability to service the loan payments based on the restructured terms – generally defined as six months of satisfactory payment history. Missed payments under the original loan terms are not considered under the new structure; however, subsequent missed payments are considered non-performance and are not considered toward the six month required term of satisfactory payment history. The Company’s loan policy states that a nonaccrual loan may be returned to accrual status when (i) none of its principal and interest is due and unpaid, and the Company expects repayment of the remaining contractual principal and interest, or (ii) it otherwise becomes well secured and in the process of collection. Restoration to accrual status on any given loan must be supported by a well-documented credit evaluation of the borrower’s financial condition and the prospects for full repayment, approved by the Company’s Senior Credit Officer.

In the normal course of business, the Company renews loans with a modification of the interest rate or terms that are not deemed as troubled debt restructurings because the borrower is not experiencing financial difficulty. The Company modified loans in the first nine months of 2013 totaling $17.0 million and loans in the first nine months of 2012 totaling $23.5 million under such parameters. In addition, the Company offers consumer loan customers an annual skip-a-pay program that is based on certain qualifying parameters and not based on financial difficulties. The Company does not treat these as troubled debt restructurings.

The following table presents the amount of troubled debt restructurings by loan class, classified separately as accrual and non-accrual at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012:


As of September 30, 2013	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	4	$	521	3	$	533
Real estate – construction & development	8		1,926	1		29
Real estate – commercial & farmland	16		6,693	3		1,858
Real estate – residential	35		7,871	7		704
Consumer installment	1		13	2		26

Total	64	$	17,024	16	$	3,150


As of December 31, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	5	$	802	—	$	—
Real estate – construction & development	5		1,735	—		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland	16		8,947	3		4,149
Real estate – residential	28		7,254	2		1,022
Consumer installment	1		6	—		—

Total	55	$	18,744	5	$	5,171


As of September 30, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	5	$	804	—	$	—
Real estate – construction & development	4		1,481	—		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland	15		9,540	1		2,770
Real estate – residential	27		8,068	2		620

Total	51	$	19,893	3	$	3,390

The following table presents the amount of troubled debt restructurings by loan class, classified separately as those currently paying under restructured terms and those that have defaulted under restructured terms at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012:


As of September 30, 2013	Loans Currently Paying Under Restructured Terms			Loans that have Defaulted Under Restructured Terms
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	3	$	508	4	$	546
Real estate – construction & development	6		1,881	3		74
Real estate – commercial & farmland	14		6,550	5		2,001
Real estate – residential	31		7,282	11		1,293
Consumer installment	2		37	1		2

Total	56	$	16,258	24	$	3,916


As of December 31, 2012	Loans Currently Paying Under Restructured Terms			Loans that have Defaulted Under Restructured Terms
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	5	$	802	—	$	—
Real estate – construction & development	5		1,735	—		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland	16		8,947	3		4,149
Real estate – residential	28		7,254	2		1,022
Consumer installment	—		—	1		6

Total	54	$	18,738	6	$	5,177


As of September 30, 2012	Loans Currently Paying Under Restructured Terms			Loans that have Defaulted Under Restructured Terms
		Balance			Balance
Loan class:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Commercial, financial & agricultural	5	$	804	—	$	—
Real estate – construction & development	4		1,481	—		—
Real estate – commercial & farmland	15		9,540	1		2,770
Real estate – residential	26		8,068	3		620

Total	50	$	19,893	4	$	3,390

The following table presents the amount of troubled debt restructurings by types of concessions made, classified separately as accrual and non-accrual at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012:


As of September 30, 2013	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Type of concession:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Forbearance of interest	9	$	2,135	2	$	101
Forgiveness of principal	3		1,479	1		145
Payment modification only	2		370	—		—
Rate reduction only	14		7,146	2		496
Rate reduction, forbearance of interest	18		2,878	10		2,379
Rate reduction, forbearance of principal	18		3,016	—		—
Rate reduction, payment modification	—		—	1		29

Total	64	$	17,024	16	$	3,150


As of December 31, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Type of concession:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Forbearance of interest	2	$	1,873	—	$	—
Forgiveness of principal	3		1,518	1		372
Payment modification only	2		376	—		—
Rate reduction only	11		7,075	1		177
Rate reduction, forbearance of interest	18		4,061	2		3,420
Rate reduction, forbearance of principal	18		3,798	—		—
Rate reduction, payment modification	1		43	1		1,202

Total	55	$	18,744	5	$	5,171


As of September 30, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Type of concession:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Forbearance of interest	2	$	1,902	—	$	—
Forgiveness of principal	3		1,516	1		369
Payment modification only	2		1,292	1		251
Rate reduction only	10		5,889	—		—
Rate reduction, forbearance of interest	15		4,371	1		2,770
Rate reduction, forbearance of principal	18		4,874	—		—
Rate reduction, payment modification	1		49	—		—

Total	51	$	19,893	3	$	3,390

The following table presents the amount of troubled debt restructurings by collateral types, classified separately as accrual and non-accrual at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012:


As of September 30, 2013	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Collateral type:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Warehouse	3	$	1,065	1	$	176
Raw land	3		1,337	1		29
Agricultural land	2		380	—		—
Hotel & motel	3		2,219	—		—
Office	4		1,924	—		—
Retail, including strip centers	4		1,105	2		1,682
1-4 family residential	40		8,460	7		704
Life insurance policy	1		250	—		—
Automobile/equipment/inventory	3		36	4		509
Unsecured	1		248	1		50

Total	64	$	17,024	16	$	3,150


As of December 31, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Collateral type:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Warehouse	3	$	1,692	1	$	177
Raw land	2		1,337	—		—
Hotel & motel	3		2,318	—		—
Office	4		2,105	1		2,770
Retail, including strip centers	6		2,833	1		1,202
1-4 family residential	31		7,651	2		1,022
Life insurance policy	1		250	—		—
Automobile/equipment/inventory	4		508	—		—
Unsecured	1		50	—		—

Total	55	$	18,744	5	$	5,171


As of September 30, 2012	Accruing Loans			Non-Accruing Loans
		Balance			Balance
Collateral type:	#	*(in thousands)*		#	*(in thousands)*
Warehouse	3	$	1,621	—	$	—
Raw land	2		1,349	—		—
Hotel & motel	3		2,362	—		—
Office	2		1,503	1		2,770
Retail, including strip centers	7		4,054	—		—
1-4 family residential	30		8,216	2		620
Inventory	1		450	—		—
Equipment	1		38	—		—
Unsecured	2		300	—		—

Total	51	$	19,893	3	$	3,390

As of September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012, the Company had a balance of $20.2 million, $23.9 million and $23.3 million, respectively, in troubled debt restructurings. The Company has recorded $2.1 million, $1.9 million and $2.1 million in previous charge-offs on such loans at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012, respectively. The Company’s balance in the allowance for loan losses allocated to such troubled debt restructurings was $412,000, $640,000 and $676,000 at September 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012, respectively. At September 30, 2013, the Company did not have any commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose terms have been modified in troubled restructurings.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents a reserve for inherent losses in the loan portfolio. The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is evaluated periodically based on a review of all significant loans, with a particular emphasis on non-accruing, past due and other loans that management believes might be potentially impaired or warrant additional attention. The Company segregates the loan portfolio by type of loan and utilizes this segregation in evaluating exposure to risks within the portfolio. In addition, based on internal reviews and external reviews performed by independent auditors and regulatory authorities, the Company further segregates the loan portfolio by loan grades based on an assessment of risk for a particular loan or group of loans. Certain reviewed loans are assigned specific allowances when a review of relevant data determines that a general allocation is not sufficient or when the review affords management the opportunity to adjust the amount of exposure in a given credit. In establishing allowances, management considers historical loan loss experience but adjusts this data with a significant emphasis on data such as current loan quality trends, current economic conditions and other factors in the markets where the Company operates. Factors considered include, among others, current valuations of real estate in their markets, unemployment rates, the effect of weather conditions on agricultural related entities and other significant local economic events.

The Company has developed a methodology for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses which is monitored by the Company’s Chief Credit Officer. Procedures provide for the assignment of a risk rating for every loan included in the total loan portfolio, with the exception of credit card receivables and overdraft protection loans which are treated as pools for risk rating purposes. The risk rating schedule provides nine ratings of which five ratings are classified as pass ratings and four ratings are classified as criticized ratings. Each risk rating is assigned a percentage factor to be applied to the loan balance to determine the adequate amount of reserve. Many of the larger loans require an annual review by an independent loan officer or an independent third party loan review firm. As a result of these loan reviews, certain loans may be assigned specific reserve allocations. Other loans that surface as problem loans may also be assigned specific reserves. Past due loans are assigned risk ratings based on the number of days past due. The calculation of the allowance for loan losses, including underlying data and assumptions, is reviewed regularly by the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and the Director of Internal Audit.

Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the collection of a loan’s principal is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries are credited to the allowance. Consumer loans are charged-off in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s (“FFIEC”) Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy. Commercial loans are charged-off when they are deemed uncollectible, which usually involves a triggering event within the collection effort. If the loan is collateral dependent, the loss is more easily identified and is charged-off when it is identified, usually based upon receipt of an appraisal. However, when a loan has guarantor support, the Company may carry the estimated loss as a reserve against the loan while collection efforts with the guarantor are pursued. If, after collection efforts with the guarantor are complete, the deficiency is still considered uncollectible, the loss is charged-off and any further collections are treated as recoveries. In all situations, when a loan is downgraded to an Asset Quality Rating of 60 (Loss per the regulatory guidance), the uncollectible portion is charged-off.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the year ended December 31, 2012 and the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company recorded provision for loan loss expense of $1.3 million, $2.6 million and $2.3 million, respectively, to account for losses where the initial estimate of cash flows was found to be excessive on loans acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions. These amounts are excluded from the rollforwards below but are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income.

The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the year ended December 31, 2012 and the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.


	Commercial, financial & agricultural			Real estate - construction & development			Real estate - commercial & farmland			Real estate - residential			Consumer installment loans and Other			Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2013	$	2,439		$	5,343		$	9,157		$	5,898		$	756		$	23,593
Provision for loan losses		1,011			2,127			2,632			2,966			11			8,747
Loans charged off		(1,216	)		(1,598	)		(2,873	)		(3,430	)		(576	)		(9,693	)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off		340			88			18			520			241			1,207

Balance, September 30, 2013	$	2,574		$	5,960		$	8,934		$	5,954		$	432		$	23,854


Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	741		$	682		$	1,997		$	1,429		$	—		$	4,849
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		1,833			5,278			6,937			4,525			432			19,005

Ending balance	$	2,574		$	5,960		$	8,934		$	5,954		$	432		$	23,854


Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,657		$	3,524		$	14,605		$	16,919		$	—		$	38,705
Collectively evaluated for impairment		241,334			128,753			784,544			339,001			56,930			1,550,562

Ending balance	$	244,991		$	132,277		$	799,149		$	355,920		$	56,930		$	1,589,267


	Commercial, financial & agricultural			Real estate - construction & development			Real estate - commercial & farmland			Real estate - residential			Consumer installment loans and Other			Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2012	$	2,918		$	9,438		$	14,226		$	8,128		$	446		$	35,156
Provision for loan losses		815			5,245			15,000			6,267			1,124			28,451
Loans charged off		(1,451	)		(9,380	)		(20,551	)		(8,722	)		(1,059	)		(41,163	)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off		157			40			482			225			245			1,149

Balance, December 31, 2012	$	2,439		$	5,343		$	9,157		$	5,898		$	756		$	23,593


Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	659		$	611		$	2,228		$	1,056		$	—		$	4,554
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		1,780			4,732			6,929			4,842			756			19,039

Ending balance	$	2,439		$	5,343		$	9,157		$	5,898		$	756		$	23,593


Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,351		$	7,617		$	21,332		$	13,020		$	—		$	45,320
Collectively evaluated for impairment		170,866			106,582			710,990			333,460			83,417			1,405,315

Ending balance	$	174,217		$	114,199		$	732,322		$	346,480		$	83,417		$	1,450,635


	Commercial, financial & agricultural			Real estate - construction & development			Real estate - commercial & farmland			Real estate - residential			Consumer installment loans and Other			Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2012	$	2,918		$	9,438		$	14,226		$	8,128		$	446		$	35,156
Provision for loan losses		677			4,954			13,087			4,936			706			24,360
Loans charged off		(889	)		(7,819	)		(18,199	)		(6,642	)		(618	)		(34,167	)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off		101			23			32			199			197			552

Balance, September 30, 2012	$	2,807		$	6,596		$	9,146		$	6,621		$	731		$	25,901


Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	610		$	526		$	2,315		$	2,105		$	—		$	5,556
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		2,197			6,070			6,831			4,516			731			20,345

Ending balance	$	2,807		$	6,596		$	9,146		$	6,621		$	731		$	25,901


Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	2,748		$	5,510		$	21,552		$	15,178		$	—		$	44,988
Collectively evaluated for impairment		186,626			119,805			691,688			328,154			68,601			1,394,874

Ending balance	$	189,374		$	125,315		$	713,240		$	343,332		$	68,601		$	1,439,862