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SHARE-BASED AWARDS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
SHARE-BASED AWARDS  
SHARE-BASED AWARDS

10.          SHARE-BASED AWARDS

 

2007 Incentive Compensation Plan: The 2007 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2007 Plan”) serves as a successor to the 1998 Stock Option/Stock Incentive Plan, the 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, the Restricted Stock Bonus Plan and the Non-Employee Director Stock Retainer Plan (the “Predecessor Plans”). Under the 2007 Plan, 2,215,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved for issuance. As of December 31, 2012, 6.2 million shares of its common stock were reserved for future issuance of share-based awards under the 2007 Plan. On January 28, 2010, the Board of Directors adopted an amended and restated 2007 Plan, which, among other things, authorized the issuance of an additional 2,200,000 shares of stock under the 2007 Plan. Shareholders approved the amended 2007 Plan at the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

In connection with the Separation, on June 29, 2012, each stock option held by a Matson employee was converted into an adjusted Matson stock option. The exercise prices of the adjusted Matson stock options and the number of shares subject to each such stock option reflects a mechanism that was intended to preserve the intrinsic value of the original stock option. The modification of the awards did not result in any additional stock compensation expense to be recorded upon Separation.  The resulting Matson stock options are subject to substantially the same terms, vesting conditions and other restrictions, if any, that were applicable to the Former Parent Company stock options immediately prior to the Separation.

 

Also, in connection with the Separation, any unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted to Matson employees were converted into Matson RSUs. The RSU grants were converted in a manner that was intended to preserve the fair market value of the awards. The resulting Matson RSU grants are subject to substantially the same terms, vesting conditions and other restrictions, if any, that were applicable to the grants immediately prior to the Separation.

 

The 2007 Plan consists of four separate incentive compensation programs: (i) the discretionary grant program, (ii) the stock issuance program, (iii) the incentive bonus program and (iv) the automatic grant program for the non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors. Share-based compensation is generally awarded under three of the four programs, as more fully described below.

 

Discretionary Grant Program — Under the Discretionary Grant Program, stock options may be granted with an exercise price no less than 100 percent of the fair market value (defined as the closing market price) of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. Options generally become exercisable ratably over three years and have a maximum contractual term of 10 years. The Company estimates the grant-date fair value of its stock options using a Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model.

 

Stock Issuance Program — Under the Stock Issuance Program, shares of common stock or restricted stock units may be granted. Time-based equity awards vest ratably over three years. Provided certain performance targets are achieved, performance-based equity awards vest over three years.

 

Automatic Grant Program — The Automatic Grant Program supersedes and replaces the Company’s 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan and the Non-Employee Director Stock Retainer Plan. At each annual shareholder meeting, non-employee directors will receive an award of restricted stock units that entitle the holder to an equivalent number of shares of common stock upon vesting. Awards of restricted stock units granted under the program generally vest ratably over three years.

 

The shares of common stock authorized to be issued under the 2007 Plan may be drawn from shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued common stock or from shares of its common stock that the Company acquires, including shares purchased on the open market or in private transactions.

 

Predecessor Plans: Adopted in 1998, the Company’s 1998 Stock Option/Stock Incentive Plan (“1998 Plan”) provided for the issuance of non-qualified stock options and common stock to employees of the Company. Under the 1998 Plan, option prices could not be less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the dates of grant and the options became exercisable over periods determined, at the dates of grant, by the Compensation Committee of the Former Parent Company Board of Directors that administers the plan. Generally, options vested ratably over three years and expired ten years from the date of grant. Payments for options exercised may be made in cash or in shares of the Company’s stock. If an option to purchase shares is exercised within five years of the date of grant and if payment is made in shares of the Company’s stock, the option holder may receive, under a reload feature, a new stock option grant for such number of shares as is equal to the number surrendered, with an option price not less than the greater of the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of exercise or one and one-half times the original option price. The 1998 Plan also permitted the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock. Generally, grants of time-based, non-vested stock vests ratably over three years and performance-based, non-vested stock vests in one year, provided that certain performance targets are achieved. The 1998 Plan was superseded by the 2007 Plan and no further grants will be made under the 1998 Plan.

 

Director Stock Option Plans:  The 1998 Director Stock Option Plan (“1998 Director Plan”) was superseded by the 2007 Plan. Under the 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, each non-employee Director of the Company, elected at an Annual Meeting of Shareholders, was automatically granted, on the date of each such Annual Meeting, an option to purchase 8,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. Each option to purchase shares generally became exercisable ratably over three years following the date granted.

 

The Company estimates the grant-date fair value of its stock options using a Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The weighted average grant-date fair values, prior to the Separation, of the options granted during 2012, 2011, and 2010 were $10.74, $8.92,  and $6.59, respectively, per option.  No options were granted after the Separation, therefore all weighted average assumptions provided in the table below are prior to the Separation:

 

 

 

2012

 

2011

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected volatility

 

31.8

%

29.2

%

28.8

%

Expected term (in years)

 

6.1

 

6.0

 

5.8

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

1.2

%

2.3

%

2.7

%

Dividend yield

 

2.7

%

3.1

%

3.8

%

 

·                  Expected volatility was primarily determined using the historical volatility of Matson common stock over the expected term, but the Company may also consider future events and other factors that it reasonably concludes marketplace participants might consider.

 

·                  The expected term of the awards represents expectations of future employee exercise and post-vesting termination behavior and was primarily based on historical experience. The Company analyzed various groups of employees and considers expected or unusual trends that would likely affect this assumption.

 

·                  The risk free interest rate was based on U.S. Government treasury yields for periods equal to the expected term of the option on the grant date.

 

·                  The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s current and historical dividend policy.

 

Application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different estimates of the fair value of share-based compensation and, consequently, significantly affect the related amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

 

Activity in the Company’s stock option plans for the year ended December 31, 2012, exclusive of 2.9 million options cancelled in connection with the Separation, was as follows (in thousands, except weighted average exercise price and weighted average contractual life):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

Weighted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1998

 

 

 

Average

 

Average

 

Aggregate

 

 

 

2007

 

1998

 

Director

 

Total

 

Exercise

 

Contractual

 

Intrinsic

 

 

 

Plan

 

Plan

 

Plan

 

Shares

 

Price

 

Life

 

Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, January 1, 2012

 

1,329

 

572

 

195

 

2,096

 

$

20.11

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

111

 

 

 

111

 

$

23.74

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(448

)

(190

)

(49

)

(687

)

$

17.57

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited and expired

 

(38

)

(129

)

 

(167

)

$

24.62

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2012

 

954

 

253

 

146

 

1,353

 

$

21.15

 

5.6

 

$

4,794

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercisable, December 31, 2012

 

512

 

253

 

146

 

911

 

$

21.40

 

4.5

 

$

3,071

 

 

The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock unit activity through December 31, 2012, exclusive of 0.3 million non-vested restricted stock units cancelled in connection with the Separation, (in thousands, except weighted average grant-date fair value amounts):

 

 

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

Plan

 

Weighted

 

 

 

Restricted

 

Average

 

 

 

Stock

 

Grant-Date

 

 

 

Units

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, January 1, 2012

 

394

 

$

18.45

 

Granted

 

226

 

$

17.46

 

Vested

 

(155

)

$

16.58

 

Canceled

 

(109

)

$

20.62

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2012

 

356

 

$

17.97

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, the number of shares remaining available for future issuance under all equity compensation plans (excluding 1.4 million shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights) is 6.2 million.

 

A summary of compensation cost related to share-based payments, exclusive of A&B related compensation prior to the Separation, is as follows (in millions):

 

 

 

2012

 

2011

 

2010

 

Share-based expense (net of estimated forfeitures):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options

 

$

0.9

 

$

0.8

 

$

0.7

 

Non-vested stock and restricted stock units

 

3.1

 

1.9

 

1.8

 

Total share-based expense

 

$

4.0

 

$

2.7

 

$

2.5

 

Total recognized tax benefit

 

(1.6

)

(0.9

)

(0.8

)

Share-based expense (net of tax)

 

$

2.4

 

$

1.8

 

$

1.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash received by Matson upon option exercise

 

$

3.5

 

$

2.0

 

$

0.4

 

Intrinsic value of options exercised

 

$

5.2

 

$

1.1

 

$

0.2

 

Tax benefit realized upon option exercise

 

$

1.5

 

$

0.4

 

$

0.1

 

Fair value of stock vested

 

$

3.8

 

$

2.5

 

$

1.2

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, there was $0.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.3 years. As of December 31, 2012, unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units was $7.0 million. The unrecognized cost for non-vested stock and restricted stock units is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.