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Significant Accounting Policies and General Matters
12 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies and General Matters

(1)Significant Accounting Policies and General Matters

Nature of Operations. Ennis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are principally engaged in the production of and sale of business forms and other business products to customers primarily located in the United States.

Basis of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company’s last three fiscal years ended on the following days: February 28, 2018, February 28, 2017 and February 29, 2016 (fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively).

Accounts Receivable. Trade receivables are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment generally within 30 days from the invoice date. The Company’s allowance for doubtful receivables reserve is based on an analysis that estimates the amount of its total customer receivable balance that is not collectible. This analysis includes assessing a default probability to customers’ receivable balances, which is influenced by several factors including (i) current market conditions, (ii) periodic review of customer credit worthiness, and (iii) review of customer receivable aging and payment trends.

Inventories. With the exception of approximately 12.9% and 12.8% of its inventories valued at the lower of last-in, first-out (LIFO) for fiscal years 2018 and 2017, respectively, the Company values its inventories at the lower of first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost or net realizable value.  The Company regularly reviews inventories on hand, using specific aging categories, and writes down the carrying value of its inventories for excess and potentially obsolete inventories based on historical usage and estimated future usage.  In assessing the ultimate realization of its inventories, the Company is required to make judgments as to future demand requirements.  As actual future demand or market conditions may vary from those projected by the Company, adjustments to inventories may be required.  The Company provides reserves for excess and obsolete inventory when necessary based upon analysis of quantities on hand, recent sales volumes and reference to market prices. Reserves for excess and obsolete inventory at fiscal years ended 2018 and 2017 were $0.8 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Property, Plant and Equipment. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over a period considered adequate to amortize the total cost over the useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 11 years for machinery and equipment and 10 to 33 years for buildings and improvements. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the specific property unit. The Company capitalizes all leases that are in substance acquisitions of property.  As of February 28, 2018, the Company had building and improvements of approximately $0.1 million classified as assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price paid over the value of net assets of businesses acquired and is not amortized. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.  Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, using a fair-value-based test that compares the fair value of the related business unit to its carrying value.

Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is based upon the fair value of assets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivables, and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short maturity and/or variable rates associated with these instruments.  Long-term debt as of fiscal years ended 2018 and 2017 approximates its fair value as the interest rate is tied to market rates.  

Treasury Stock. The Company accounts for repurchases of common stock using the cost method with common stock in treasury classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a reduction of shareholders’ equity.

Deferred Finance Charges. Deferred finance charges in connection with the Company’s revolving credit facility are amortized to interest expense over the term of the facility using the straight-line method. If the facility is extinguished before the end of the term, the remaining balance of the deferred finance charges will be amortized fully in such year.

Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenues from product sales upon shipment to the customer if the terms of the sale are freight on board (“FOB”) shipping point (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon shipping) or, to a lesser extent, upon delivery to the customer if the terms of the sale are FOB destination (and therefore title and all risks of ownership, including risk of loss, passes to the customer upon delivery).  Net sales represent gross sales invoiced to customers, less certain related charges, including sales tax, discounts, returns and other allowances. Returns, discounts and other allowances have historically been insignificant. In some cases and upon customer request, the Company prints and stores custom print product for customer specified future delivery, generally within twelve months. In this case, risk of loss passes to the customer, the customer is invoiced under normal credit terms, and revenue is recognized when manufacturing is complete. Approximately $9.7 million, $10.7 million and $12.9 million of revenue was recognized under these arrangements during fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Advertising Expenses. The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Catalog and brochure preparation and printing costs, which are considered direct response advertising, are amortized to expense over the life of the catalog, which typically ranges from three to twelve months. Advertising expense was approximately $0.9 million, $0.6 million and $0.6 million during the fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Included in this advertising expense is amortization related to direct response advertising of approximately $0.2 million, $0.1 million, and $0.2 million for the fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Unamortized direct advertising costs included in prepaid expenses at fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016 were approximately $0.1 million, $0.2 million, and $0.3 million, respectively.

Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, and then adding the number of additional shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive securities had been issued.  This is calculated using the treasury stock method.  At year-end 2017 and 2016, there were 42,500 and 145,243 options, respectively, not included in the diluted earnings per share computation because their effect was anti-dilutive.  For fiscal year 2018, all options were included in the diluted earnings per share computation because the average fair market value of the Company’s stock exceeded the exercise price of the options.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity resulting from transactions from non-owner sources.  Other comprehensive income consisted of changes in the following:  changes in the funded status of the Company’s pension plan and the election to reclassify the stranded income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”).

Foreign Currency Translation. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations in other expense, net as incurred. Transaction losses totaled approximately $7,000, $22,000, and $7,000 for fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Shipping and Handling Costs. The Company records amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs in net sales and related costs are included in cost of goods sold.

Stock Based Compensation. The Company recognizes stock based compensation expense net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period of the individual grants, which generally equals the vesting period.  Estimated forfeiture rates are derived from our historical forfeitures of similar awards.  The fair value of all share based awards is estimated on the date of grant.  

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”), which permits the reclassification of tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”).  ASU 2018-02 is effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, however, early adoption is permitted for annual periods, including the reporting period in which the Tax Act was enacted.  The Company early adopted this standard in fiscal year 2018, which resulted in $2.8 million reclassified from other comprehensive income to retained earnings.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”).  The update requires the service cost component of net benefit costs to be reported in the same line of the income statement as other compensation costs and the other components of net benefit costs (non-service costs) to be presented separately from the service cost component, outside a subtotal of operating income.  Additionally, only the service cost component of net benefit costs will be eligible for capitalization.  The update is required to be adopted the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and is required to be retrospectively adopted.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2017-07 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”), which simplifies how an entity is required to measure goodwill impairment.  The amendments in ASU 2017-04 require that goodwill impairment will be measured using the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the reporting unit and the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.  The amendments in ASU 2017-04 should be applied on a prospective basis and are effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019.  The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 on June 1, 2017, which had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements at the time of adoption.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) (“ASU 2016-09”), which makes several modifications to the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the requirement to recognize the income tax effects of awards that vest or settle as income tax expense.  The amendments in ASU 2016-09 also clarify the presentation of certain components of share-based awards in the statement of cash flows.  ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016.  The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 in fiscal year 2018 beginning in March of 2017.  The adoption of ASU 2016-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which requires lessees to put most leases on the balance sheet but recognize expense on the income statement in a manner similar to current accounting.  For lessors, ASU 2016-02 also modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases.  The standard requires a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements and is effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020.  Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 is permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”), which institutes a number of modifications to the reporting of financial assets and liabilities. These modifications include: (i) measurement of non-equity method assets and liabilities at fair value, with changes to fair value recognized through net income, (ii) performance of qualitative impairment assessments of equity investments without readily determinable fair values at each reporting period, (iii) elimination of the requirement to disclose methods and significant assumptions used in calculating the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost, (iv) measurement of the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost using the exit price notion consistent with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, (v) separate presentation in other comprehensive income of the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk, (vi) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and (vii) evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  The standard will be effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.  The Company has completed its evaluation of the impact of this standard and has concluded that it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements on the date of adoption, nor is it expected to going forward given the Company’s sales contracts.  The Company adopted the standard on March 1, 2018 and applied the modified retrospective approach.  The adoption of the guidance will result in additional disclosures regarding the Company’s revenue recognition policies beginning with the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2018.