Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Pretax Earnings from Continuing Operations

Pretax earnings from continuing operations consist of the following:

	2021		2022	2023
United States	$	675	1,345	1,352
Non-U.S.	1,087		1,087	1,374
Total pretax earnings	$	1,762	2,432	2,726

Schedule of Principal Components of Income Tax Expense

The principal components of income tax expense follow:

	2021		2022	2023
Current:
U.S. federal	$	17	315	465
State and local	14		36	47
Non-U.S.	258		306	369
Deferred:
U.S. federal	84		(92)	(198)
State and local	(2)		(13)	(23)
Non-U.S.	(25)		(3)	(61)
Income tax expense	$	346	549	599

Schedule of Reconciliations of U.S. Federal Statutory Tax Rate

Reconciliations of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate follow.

	2021		2022		2023
U.S. federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State and local taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit	0.5		0.7		0.7
Non-U.S. rate differential	2.6		1.2		0.8
Non-U.S. tax holidays	(1.2)		(1.1)		(0.9)
Research and development credits	(0.9)		(0.5)		(0.5)
Foreign derived intangible income	(1.6)		(2.0)		(2.8)
Subsidiary restructuring	(0.8)		0.8		—
Russia business exit	—		2.0		0.2
Other	—		0.5		3.5
Effective income tax rate	19.6	%	22.6	%	22.0	%

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

	2022		2023
Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning	$	209	167
Additions for current year tax positions	24		78
Additions for prior year tax positions	9		13
Reductions for prior year tax positions	(65)		(10)
Acquisitions and divestitures	1		—
Reductions for settlements with tax authorities	—		(5)
Reductions for expiration of statutes of limitations	(11)		(8)
Unrecognized tax benefits, ending	$	167	235

Schedule of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

The principal items that gave rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities follow:

	2022		2023
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses, capital losses and tax credits	$	209	253
Accrued liabilities	213		163
Postretirement and postemployment benefits	21		17
Employee compensation and benefits	122		103
Other	125		158
Total	$	690	694
Valuation allowances	$	(171)	(164)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangibles	$	(1,622)	(1,387)
Pensions	(126)		(151)
Property, plant and equipment	(207)		(148)
Undistributed non-U.S. earnings	(37)		(32)
Deferred gains	(10)		(596)
Other	(146)		(75)
Total	$	(2,148)	(2,389)
Net deferred income tax liability	$	(1,629)	(1,859)