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Risk Management and Derivatives:
9 Months Ended
Feb. 29, 2012
Risk Management and Derivatives:

NOTE 11—Risk Management and Derivatives:

The Company is exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, and uses derivatives to manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business. The Company does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes.

The Company formally documents all relationships between designated hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives designated as hedges to either specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions.

The majority of derivatives outstanding as of February 29, 2012 are designated as cash flow, fair value or net investment hedges. All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value and classified based on the instrument’s maturity date. The total notional amount of outstanding derivatives as of February 29, 2012 was approximately $8 billion, which is primarily comprised of cash flow hedges for Euro/U.S. Dollar, British Pound/Euro, and Japanese Yen/U.S. Dollar currency pairs.

 

The following table presents the fair values of derivative instruments included within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of February 29, 2012 and May 31, 2011:

 

    Asset Derivatives     Liability Derivatives  
    Balance Sheet Location   February 29,
2012
    May 31,
2011
    Balance Sheet Location   February 29,
2012
    May 31,
2011
 
    (in millions)  

Derivatives formally designated as hedging instruments:

           

Foreign exchange forwards and options

  Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
    93        22      Accrued liabilities     40        170   

Interest rate swap contracts

  Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
    1        0      Accrued liabilities     0        0   

Foreign exchange forwards and options

  Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term assets
    22        7      Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term liabilities
    0        10   

Interest rate swap contracts

  Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term assets
    15        15      Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term liabilities
    0        0   
   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivatives formally designated as hedging instruments

      131        44          40        180   
   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivatives not formally designated as hedging instruments:

           

Foreign exchange forwards and options

  Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
    26        9      Accrued liabilities     34        16   

Foreign exchange forwards and options

  Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term assets
    0        0      Deferred income
taxes and other long-
term liabilities
    1        1   
   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivatives not formally designated as hedging instruments

      26        9          35        17   
   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 
Total derivatives       157        53          75        197   
   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following tables present the amounts affecting the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011:

 

    Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income on
Derivatives(1)
   

Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified From Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income into Income(1)

 

Derivatives designated as hedges

  Three Months
Ended
February 29,
2012
    Nine Months
Ended
February 29,
2012
   

Location of Gain (Loss)
Reclassified From Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income(1)

  Three Months
Ended
February 29,
2012
    Nine Months
Ended
February 29,
2012
 
    (in millions)         (in millions)  

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

         

Foreign exchange forwards and options

    (12     5      Revenue     0        14   

Foreign exchange forwards and options

    3        146      Cost of sales     (1     (74

Foreign exchange forwards and options

    0        0      Selling and administrative expense     (1     (3

Foreign exchange forwards and options

    (3     8      Other (income) expense, net     4        (14
 

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total designated cash flow hedges

    (12     159          2        (77

Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:

         

Foreign exchange forwards and options

    (2     35      Other (income) expense, net     0        0   

 

(1) 

For the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012, the Company recognized an immaterial amount of ineffectiveness from cash flow hedges.

 

     Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income on
Derivatives (1)
    Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified From Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income into Income (1)
 

Derivatives designated as hedges

   Three Months
Ended
February 28,
2011
    Nine Months
Ended
February 28,
2011
    Location of Gain (Loss)
Reclassified From Accumulated
Other Comprehensive  Income (1)
   Three Months
Ended
February 28,
2011
    Nine Months
Ended
February 28,
2011
 
     (in millions)          (in millions)  

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

           

Foreign exchange forwards and options

     (52     (48   Revenue      (7     (30

Foreign exchange forwards and options

     (45     (131   Cost of sales      14        101   

Foreign exchange forwards and options

     (2     (3   Selling and administrative
  expense
     0        1   

Foreign exchange forwards and options

     (17     (47   Other (income) expense, net      4        42   
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total designated cash flow hedges

     (116     (229        11        114   

Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:

           

Foreign exchange forwards and options

     (34     (58   Other (income) expense, net      0        0   

 

(1) 

For the three and nine month periods ended February 28, 2011, the Company recognized an immaterial amount of ineffectiveness from cash flow hedges.

 

     Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on  Derivatives     Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income  on
Derivatives
     Three Months Ended
February 29 and 28,
     Nine Months Ended
February 29 and 28,
   
     2012     2011      2012     2011    
     (in millions)      

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:

           

Interest rate swaps (1)

   $ 1      $ 2       $ 5      $ 5      Interest (income) expense, net

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

           

Foreign exchange forwards and options

   $ (17   $ 3       $ (14   $ (28   Other (income) expense, net

 

(1) 

All interest rate swap agreements meet the shortcut method requirements under the accounting standards for derivatives and hedging. Accordingly, changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap agreements are considered to exactly offset changes in the fair value of the underlying long-term debt. Refer to section “Fair Value Hedges” below for additional detail.

Refer to Note 4—Accrued Liabilities for derivative instruments recorded in accrued liabilities, Note 5—Fair Value Measurements for a description of how the above financial instruments are valued, and Note 8—Comprehensive Income for additional information on changes in other comprehensive income for the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011.

Cash Flow Hedges

The purpose of the Company’s foreign currency hedging activities is to protect the Company from the risk that the eventual cash flows resulting from transactions in foreign currencies will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. Foreign currency exposures that the Company may elect to hedge in this manner include product cost exposures, non-functional currency denominated external revenues, selling and administrative expenses, investments in U.S. dollar-denominated available-for-sale debt securities and certain intercompany transactions.

Product cost exposures are primarily generated through non-functional currency denominated product purchases and the foreign currency adjustment program described below. NIKE entities primarily purchase products in two ways: 1) Certain NIKE entities purchase from the NIKE Trading Company (“NTC”), a wholly-owned centralized sourcing hub that buys NIKE branded products in predominately U.S. dollars from external factories. The NTC, whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar, sells the products to NIKE entities in their respective functional currencies, resulting in a foreign currency exposure for the NTC when selling to a NIKE entity with a different functional currency; 2) Other NIKE entities purchase product directly from external factories in U.S. dollars. These purchases generate a foreign currency exposure for those NIKE entities with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar.

In January 2012, the Company implemented a foreign currency adjustment program with certain factories. The program is designed to more efficiently manage foreign currency risk by assuming certain currency exposures from the factories that are natural offsets to the Company’s existing foreign currency exposures. Under this program, the Company’s payments to these factories are adjusted for rate fluctuations in the basket of currencies in which the labor, materials and overhead costs incurred by the factories in the production of NIKE branded products (“factory input costs”) are denominated (“factory currency exposure index”). For the portion of the indices denominated in the local or functional currency of the factory, which varies by factory, the Company may elect to place formally designated cash flow hedges. For all currencies within the indices, excluding the U.S. dollar and the local or functional currency of the factory, an embedded derivative is created upon the factory’s acceptance of NIKE’s purchase order. Embedded derivatives are separated from the related purchase order and their treatment is described further below.

 

The Company’s policy permits the utilization of derivatives to reduce these foreign currency exposures where internal netting or other strategies cannot be effectively employed. Hedged transactions are denominated primarily in Euros, British Pounds and Japanese Yen. The Company enters into hedge contracts typically starting 12 to 18 months in advance of the forecasted transaction and may place incremental hedges up to 100% by the time the forecasted transaction occurs.

All changes in fair values of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, excluding any ineffective portion, are recorded in other comprehensive income until net income is affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged transaction. In most cases, amounts recorded in other comprehensive income will be released to net income some time after the maturity of the related derivative. Effective hedge results are classified within the consolidated statement of income in the same manner as the underlying exposure, with the results of hedges of non-functional currency denominated external revenues and product cost exposures, excluding embedded derivatives as described below, recorded in revenues and cost of sales, respectively, when the underlying hedged transaction affects consolidated net income. Results of hedges of selling and administrative expense are recorded together with those costs when the related expense is recorded. Results of hedges of anticipated purchases and sales of U.S. dollar-denominated available-for-sale securities are recorded in other (income) expense, net when the securities are sold. Results of hedges of certain anticipated intercompany transactions are recorded in other (income) expense, net when the transaction occurs. The Company classifies the cash flows at settlement from these designated cash flow hedge derivatives in the same category as the cash flows from the related hedged items, generally within the cash provided by operations component of the cash flow statement.

Premiums paid on options are initially recorded as deferred charges. The Company assesses the effectiveness of options based on the total cash flows method and records total changes in the options’ fair value to other comprehensive income to the degree they are effective.

As of February 29, 2012, $63 million of deferred net gains (net of tax) on both outstanding and matured derivatives accumulated in other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified to net income during the next 12 months as a result of underlying hedged transactions also being recorded in net income. Actual amounts ultimately reclassified to net income are dependent on the exchange rates in effect when derivative contracts that are currently outstanding mature. As of February 29, 2012, the maximum term over which the Company is hedging exposures to the variability of cash flows for its forecasted transactions is 27 months.

The Company formally assesses, both at a hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in the hedging transaction have been highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of hedged items and whether those derivatives may be expected to remain highly effective in future periods. Effectiveness for cash flow hedges is assessed based on forward rates.

The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when (1) it determines that the derivative is no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of a hedged item (including hedged items such as firm commitments or forecasted transactions); (2) the derivative expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised; (3) it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur; or (4) management determines that designating the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate.

When the Company discontinues hedge accounting because it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur in the originally expected period, but is expected to occur within an additional two-month period of time thereafter, the gain or loss on the derivative remains in accumulated other comprehensive income and is reclassified to net income when the forecasted transaction affects consolidated net income. However, if it is probable that a forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time thereafter, the gains and losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income will be recognized immediately in net income. In all situations in which hedge accounting is discontinued and the derivative remains outstanding, the Company will carry the derivative at its fair value on the balance sheet, recognizing future changes in the fair value in other (income) expense, net. Ineffectiveness was not material for the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011.

Fair Value Hedges

The Company is also exposed to the risk of changes in the fair value of certain fixed-rate debt attributable to changes in interest rates. Derivatives currently used by the Company to hedge this risk are receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps. As of February 29, 2012, all interest rate swap agreements are designated as fair value hedges of the related long-term debt and meet the shortcut method requirements under the accounting standards for derivatives and hedging. Accordingly, changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap agreements are considered to exactly offset changes in the fair value of the underlying long-term debt. The cash flows associated with the Company’s fair value hedges are periodic interest payments while the swaps are outstanding, which are reflected in net income within the cash provided by operations component of the cash flow statement. The Company recorded no ineffectiveness from its interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges for the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011.

 

Net Investment Hedges

The Company also hedges the risk of variability in foreign-currency-denominated net investments in wholly-owned international operations. All changes in fair value of the derivatives designated as net investment hedges, except ineffective portions, are reported in the cumulative translation adjustment component of other comprehensive income along with the foreign currency translation adjustments on those investments. The Company classifies the cash flows at settlement of its net investment hedges within the cash used by investing component of the cash flow statement. The Company assesses hedge effectiveness based on changes in forward rates. The Company recorded no ineffectiveness from its net investment hedges for the three and nine month periods ended February 29, 2012 and February 28, 2011.

Embedded Derivatives

As described above, for currencies within the factory currency exposure indices that are neither the U.S. dollar nor the local or functional currency of the factory, an embedded derivative is created upon the factory’s acceptance of NIKE’s purchase order. Embedded derivatives are treated as foreign currency forward contracts that are bifurcated from the related purchase order and recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability on the balance sheet with their corresponding change in fair value recognized in other (income) expense, net from the date a purchase order is accepted by a factory through the date the purchase price is no longer subject to foreign currency fluctuations. At February 29, 2012, the notional amount of embedded derivatives was approximately $75 million. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2012, embedded derivatives had an immaterial impact within other (income) expense, net.

Undesignated Derivative Instruments

The Company may elect to enter into foreign exchange forwards to mitigate the change in fair value of specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and/or the embedded derivative contracts explained above. These forwards are not designated as hedging instruments under the accounting standards for derivatives and hedging. Accordingly, these undesignated instruments are recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability on the balance sheet with their corresponding change in fair value recognized in other (income) expense, net, together with the re-measurement gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position or embedded derivative contract. The Company classifies the cash flows at settlement from undesignated instruments in the same category as the cash flows from the related hedged items, generally within the cash provided by operations component of the cash flow statement.

Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to hedging instruments. The counterparties to all derivative transactions are major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings. However, this does not eliminate the Company’s exposure to credit risk with these institutions. This credit risk is limited to the unrealized gains in such contracts should any of these counterparties fail to perform as contracted. To manage this risk, the Company has established strict counterparty credit guidelines that are continually monitored and managed according to prescribed guidelines. The Company also utilizes a portfolio of financial institutions either headquartered or operating in the same countries in which the Company conducts its business.

The Company’s derivative contracts contain credit risk related contingent features aiming to protect against significant deterioration in counterparties’ creditworthiness and their ultimate ability to settle outstanding derivative contracts in the normal course of business. The Company’s bilateral credit related contingent features require the owing entity, either the Company or the derivative counterparty, to post collateral for the portion of the fair value in excess of $50 million should the fair value of outstanding derivatives per counterparty be greater than $50 million. Additionally, a certain level of decline in credit rating of either the Company or the counterparty could also trigger collateral requirements. As of February 29, 2012, the Company was in compliance with all such credit risk related contingent features. The aggregate fair value of derivative instruments with credit risk related contingent features that are in a net liability position at February 29, 2012 was $10 million. As of February 29, 2012, neither the Company nor its counterparties were required to post any collateral as a result of these contingent features. As a result of the above considerations, the Company considers the impact of the risk of counterparty default to be immaterial.