Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2018

The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of NIKE, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) and reflect all normal adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations for the interim period. The year-end Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet data as of May 31, 2018 was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The interim financial information and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the Company’s latest Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the entire year.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), that replaces existing revenue recognition guidance. The new standard requires companies to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, Topic 606 requires disclosures of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The Company adopted this standard using a modified retrospective approach in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard recognized in Retained earnings at June 1, 2018. Comparative prior period information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported in accordance with previous revenue recognition guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 605 — Revenue Recognition. The Company has applied the new standard to all contracts at adoption.

The Company’s adoption of Topic 606 resulted in a change to the timing of revenue recognition. The satisfaction of the Company’s performance obligation is based upon transfer of control over a product to a customer, which results in sales being recognized upon shipment rather than upon delivery for certain wholesale transactions and substantially all digital commerce sales. A customer is considered to have control once they are able to direct the use and receive substantially all of the benefits of the product. This resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment, which increased Retained earnings by $23 million at June 1, 2018. The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material effect on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

Additionally, the Company’s reserve balances for returns, post-invoice sales discounts and miscellaneous claims for wholesale transactions were previously reported net of the estimated cost of inventory for product returns, and as a reduction to Accounts receivable, net on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under Topic 606, an asset for the estimated cost of inventory expected to be returned is now recognized separately from the liability for sales-related reserves. This resulted in an increase to Accounts receivable, net, an increase in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and an increase in Accrued liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at August 31, 2018. Sales-related reserves for the Company’s direct to consumer operations continue to be recognized in Accrued liabilities, but are now recorded separately from an asset for the estimated cost of inventory for expected product returns, which is recognized in Prepaid expenses and other current assets. The following table presents the related effect of the adoption of Topic 606 on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at August 31, 2018:



	As of August 31, 2018
(In millions)	As Reported		Effect of Adoption		Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
Accounts receivable, net	$	4,330	$	662	$	3,668
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,675		367		1,308
Total current assets	15,501		1,029		14,472
TOTAL ASSETS	22,483		1,029		21,454
Accrued liabilities	4,174		1,029		3,145
Total current liabilities	6,708		1,029		5,679
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	22,483	$	1,029	$	21,454

Other impacts from the adoption of Topic 606 on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were immaterial. Refer to Note 11 — Revenues for further discussion.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. The updated guidance requires companies to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of inventory will continue to be deferred until the inventory has been sold to a third party. The Company adopted the standard on June 1, 2018, using a modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative effect of applying the new standard recognized in Retained earnings at the date of adoption. The adoption resulted in reductions to Retained earnings, Deferred income taxes and other assets, and Prepaid expenses and other current assets of $507 million, $422 million and $45 million, respectively, and an increase in Deferred income taxes and other liabilities of $40 million.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The Company elected to early adopt the ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and the adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments — Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated guidance enhances the reporting model for financial instruments, which includes amendments to address aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure. The Company adopted the ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and the adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which replaces existing lease accounting guidance. The new standard is intended to provide enhanced transparency and comparability by requiring lessees to record right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet. The new guidance will require the Company to continue to classify leases as either operating or financing, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, which provides entities with an additional transition method to adopt Topic 842. Under the new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date, versus at the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company expects to elect this transition method at the adoption date of June 1, 2019. The Company continues to assess the effect the guidance will have on its existing accounting policies and the Consolidated Financial Statements, and expects there will be an increase in assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at adoption due to the recording of right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities, which is expected to be material. Refer to Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018 for information about the Company’s lease obligations.

Revenue Recognition in Accordance with ASC 606



	As of August 31, 2018
(In millions)	As Reported		Effect of Adoption		Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
Accounts receivable, net	$	4,330	$	662	$	3,668
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,675		367		1,308
Total current assets	15,501		1,029		14,472
TOTAL ASSETS	22,483		1,029		21,454
Accrued liabilities	4,174		1,029		3,145
Total current liabilities	6,708		1,029		5,679
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	22,483	$	1,029	$	21,454

Other impacts from the adoption of Topic 606 on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were immaterial. Refer to Note 11 — Revenues for further discussion.

Nature of Revenues

Revenue transactions associated with the sale of NIKE Brand footwear, apparel and equipment, as well as Converse products, comprise a single performance obligation, which consists of the sale of products to customers either through wholesale or direct to consumer channels. The Company satisfies the performance obligationand records revenues when transfer of control has passed to the customer, based on the terms of sale. A customer is considered to have control once they’re able to direct the use and receive substantially all of the benefits of the product. Transfer of control passes to wholesale customers upon shipment or upon receipt depending on the country of the sale and the agreement with the customer. Control passes to retail store customers at the time of sale and to digital commerce customers upon shipment. The transaction price is determined based upon the invoiced sales price, less anticipated sales returns, discounts and miscellaneous claims from customers. Payment terms for wholesale transactions depend on the country of sale or agreement with the customer, and payment is generally required within 90 days or less of shipment or receipt by the wholesale customer. Payment is due at the time of sale for retail store and digital commerce transactions. At August 31, 2018, the Company did not have any contract assets and had an immaterial amount of contract liabilities recorded in Accrued liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Consideration for trademark licensing contracts is earned through sales-based or usage-based royalty arrangements and the associated revenues are recognized over the license period. Licensing revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 were immaterial and are included in the results for the NIKE Brand geographic operating segments, Global Brand Divisions and Converse.

Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, and are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from Revenues and Cost of sales in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost as incurred, and are included in Cost of sales.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including derivatives and available-for-sale securities. Fair value is the price the Company would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction with a market participant at the measurement date. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy established by the FASB that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach and cost approach).

The levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:


•	Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.


•	Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; these include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.


•	Level 3: Unobservable inputs with little or no market data available, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the most conservative level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Pricing vendors are utilized for a majority of Level 1 and Level 2 investments. These vendors either provide a quoted market price in an active market or use observable inputs without applying significant adjustments in their pricing. Observable inputs include broker quotes, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities and credit risks. The fair value of derivative contracts is determined using observable market inputs such as the daily market foreign currency rates, forward pricing curves, currency volatilities, currency correlations and interest rates, and considers non-performance risk of the Company and its counterparties.

The Company’s fair value measurement process includes comparing fair values to another independent pricing vendor to ensure appropriate fair values are recorded.

Hedging Derivatives

The Company elects to record the gross assets and liabilities of its derivative financial instruments on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are subject to master netting arrangements that allow for the offset of assets and liabilities in the event of default or early termination of the contract. Any amounts of cash collateral received related to these instruments associated with the Company’s credit-related contingent features are recorded in Cash and equivalents and Accrued liabilities, the latter of which would further offset against the Company’s derivative asset balance. Any amounts of cash collateral posted related to these instruments associated with the Company’s credit-related contingent features are recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets, which would further offset against the Company’s derivative liability balance. Cash collateral received or posted related to the Company’s credit-related contingent features is presented in the Cash provided by operations component of the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Any amounts of non-cash collateral received, such as securities, are not recorded on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets pursuant to U.S. GAAP. For further information related to credit risk, refer to Note 9 — Risk Management and Derivatives.

Net Investment Hedges

The Company has, in the past, hedged and may, in the future, hedge the risk of variability in foreign currency-denominated net investments in wholly-owned international operations. All changes in fair value of the derivatives designated as net investment hedges, are reported in Accumulated other comprehensive income along with the foreign currency translation adjustments on those investments.

Cash Flow Hedges

All changes in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income until Net income is affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged transaction. Effective hedge results are classified in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the same manner as the underlying exposure. Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges must be discontinued when it is no longer probable the forecasted hedged transaction will occur in the initially identified time period. The gains and losses associated with discontinued derivative instruments in Accumulated other comprehensive income will be recognized immediately in Other expense (income), net, if it is probable the forecasted hedged transaction will not occur by the end of the initially identified time period or within an additional two-month period thereafter. In all situations in which hedge accounting is discontinued and the derivative remains outstanding, the Company will account for the derivative as an undesignated instrument as discussed below.

The purpose of the Company’s foreign exchange risk management program is to lessen both the positive and negative effects of currency fluctuations on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows. Foreign currency exposures the Company may elect to hedge in this manner include product cost exposures, non-functional currency denominated external and intercompany revenues, demand creation expenses, investments in U.S. Dollar-denominated available-for-sale debt securities and certain other intercompany transactions.

Product cost exposures are primarily generated through non-functional currency denominated product purchases and the foreign currency adjustment program described below. NIKE entities primarily purchase product in two ways: (1) Certain NIKE entities purchase product from the NIKE Trading Company (NTC), a wholly owned sourcing hub that buys NIKE branded product from third party factories, predominantly in U.S. Dollars. The NTC, whose functional currency is the U.S. Dollar, then sells the product to NIKE entities in their respective functional currencies. NTC sales to a NIKE entity with a different functional currency result in a foreign currency exposure for the NTC. (2) Other NIKE entities purchase product directly from third party factories in U.S. Dollars. These purchases generate a foreign currency exposure for those NIKE entities with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar.

The Company operates a foreign currency adjustment program with certain factories. The program is designed to more effectively manage foreign currency risk by assuming certain of the factories’ foreign currency exposures, some of which are natural offsets to the Company’s existing foreign currency exposures. Under this program, the Company’s payments to these factories are adjusted for rate fluctuations in the basket of currencies (“factory currency exposure index”) in which the labor, materials and overhead costs incurred by the factories in the production of NIKE branded products (“factory input costs”) are denominated. For the portion of the indices denominated in the local or functional currency of the factory, the Company may elect to place formally designated cash flow hedges. For all currencies within the indices, excluding the U.S. Dollar and the local or functional currency of the factory, an embedded derivative contract is created upon the factory’s acceptance of NIKE’s purchase order. Embedded derivative contracts are separated from the related purchase order, as further described within the Embedded Derivatives section below.

The Company’s policy permits the utilization of derivatives to reduce its foreign currency exposures where internal netting or other strategies cannot be effectively employed. Typically, the Company may enter into hedge contracts starting up to 12 to 24 months in advance of the forecasted transaction and may place incremental hedges up to 100% of the exposure by the time the forecasted transaction occurs.

Fair Value Hedges

The Company has, in the past, been exposed to the risk of changes in the fair value of certain fixed-rate debt attributable to changes in interest rates. Derivatives used by the Company to hedge this risk are receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps. All interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges of the related long-term debt meet the shortcut method requirements under U.S. GAAP. Accordingly, changes in the fair values of the interest rate swaps are considered to exactly offset changes in the fair value of the underlying long-term debt.

Undesignated Derivative Instruments

The Company may elect to enter into foreign exchange forwards to mitigate the change in fair value of specific assets and liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and/or embedded derivative contracts. These undesignated instruments are recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with their corresponding change in fair value recognized in Other expense (income), net, together with the re-measurement gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position and/or embedded derivative contract.

Embedded Derivatives

As part of the foreign currency adjustment program described above, an embedded derivative contract is created upon the factory’s acceptance of NIKE’s purchase order for currencies within the factory currency exposure indices that are neither the U.S. Dollar nor the local or functional currency of the factory. In addition, embedded derivative contracts are created when the Company enters into certain other contractual agreements which have payments that are indexed to currencies that are not the functional currency of either substantial party to the contracts. Embedded derivative contracts are treated as foreign currency forward contracts that are bifurcated from the related contract and recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with their corresponding change in fair value recognized in Other expense (income), net, through the date the foreign currency fluctuations cease to exist.