Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Developments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Recent Developments and Going Concern

On March 24, 2022, we completed a refinancing transaction ("the Refinancing") which terminated our existing credit facility with East West Bank which had an outstanding principal balance of approximately $13.8 million. Pursuant to the pay-off letter dated as of March 18, 2022 by among the Company, certain wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company and East West Bank, in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligations under the East West Bank 2017 Credit Facility, the Company paid East West Bank $8.4 million in cash and agreed to pay East West Bank five percent of the net proceeds that the Company receives under the Receivables Financing (as defined above), up to a maximum of $1.0 million.

Our financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, which contemplates the continuity of normal business activities and the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we incurred net losses of approximately $8.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, we had total current liabilities of approximately $12.5 million, which exceeded our total current assets of approximately $5.6 million, or a working capital deficit of approximately $6.9 million. As a result of the initial review of the accounting treatment for the Refinancing (as defined in Note 5 - Debt), and in accordance with ASC 470-10-45, the Company classified approximately $5.4 million of its outstanding Credit Facility with East West Bank as a long-term liability versus a current liability as of December 31, 2021. Current liability treatment was based on the maturity date being within one year of the balance sheet date of December 31, 2021, however, the provisions of ASC 470-10-45 allow for long-term classification as of such date when considering the factors surrounding the Refinancing. As of December 31, 2020, we had total current assets of approximately $4.9 million and total current liabilities of approximately $4.6 million, or working capital of $306,000. During 2020, Company management underwent a thorough analysis of costs incurred by the Company including payroll and related costs, capital expenditures and profitability of our segments. As such, hiring practices and headcount were significantly modified and reduced, and unprofitable locations were closed. Due to the recent developments and the improvements to our financial position noted above, especially as it relates to the Refinancing, the Company believes there is not substantial doubt over our ability to continue as a going concern from one-year after the date of issuance of this Annual Report. See Note 5 - Debt for a description of the Refinancing.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of, the financial institutions with which it invests. The Company maintains its excess cash in various financial institutions, where deposits may exceed federally insured amounts at times.

Accounts Receivable 

Accounts receivable are stated at the amounts billed to customers, net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The Company provides an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on a review of outstanding receivables, historical collection information and existing economic conditions. The allowance for uncollectible amounts is continually reviewed and adjusted to maintain the allowance at a level considered adequate to cover future losses. The allowance is management's best estimate of uncollectible amounts and is determined based on historical collection experience related to accounts receivable coupled with a review of the current status of existing receivables. The losses ultimately incurred could differ materially in the near term from the amounts estimated in determining the allowance. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $482,000 and $322,000, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $268,000 and $140,000, respectively, to bad debt expense.

Concentrations

As of December 31, 2021, two customers represented more than 10% of the Company's accounts receivable balance at 31% and 14%, respectively. Revenues from one customer represented approximately 13% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021. These concentrations were enhanced by the merger of three customers we service during 2021. As of December 31, 2020, one customer represented more than 10% of the Company's accounts receivable balance at 26%. Revenues from one customer represented approximately 14% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Inventories

Inventory consists primarily of propane, diesel fuel and chemicals that are used in the servicing of oil wells and is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value in accordance with the first in, first out method of accounting ("FIFO"). The Company periodically reviews the value of items in inventory and provides write-downs or write-offs of inventory based on its assessment of market conditions. Write-downs and write-offs are charged to cost of goods sold. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized write-offs of $0 and $18,000, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consists of (i) trucks, trailers and pickups; (ii) water transfer pumps, pipe, lay flat hose, trailers, and other support equipment; (iii) real property which includes land and buildings used for office and shop facilities and wells used for the disposal of water; (iv) other equipment such as tools used for maintaining and repairing vehicles; and (v) office furniture and fixtures and computer equipment. Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company capitalizes interest on certain qualifying assets that are undergoing activities to prepare them for their intended use.  Interest costs incurred during the fabrication period are capitalized and amortized over the life of the assets. The Company charges repairs and maintenance against income when incurred and capitalizes renewals and betterments, which extend the remaining useful life, expand the capacity or efficiency of the assets. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives ranging from 5 to 30 years.

Any difference between net book value of the property and equipment and the proceeds of an assets’ sale, or settlement of an insurance claim, is recorded as a gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Leases

The Company assesses whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. We have elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all assets. Operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities are calculated based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the lease start date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease start date in determining the present value of future payments. The operating lease asset is increased by any lease payments made at or before the lease start date and reduced by lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. The lease term includes options to renew or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. The depreciable life of lease assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the lease term. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company conducts a major part of its operations from leased facilities. Each of these leases is accounted for as an operating lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. Operating lease liabilities represent the present value of lease payments not yet paid. Operating lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset and are based upon the operating lease liabilities adjusted for prepayments or accrued lease payments, initial direct costs, lease incentives, and impairment of operating lease assets.

The Company amortizes leasehold improvements over the shorter of the life of the lease or the life of the improvements. 

The Company leases trucks and equipment in the normal course of business, which may be recorded as operating or finance leases, depending on the term of the lease. The Company records rental expense on equipment under operating leases over the lease term as it becomes payable; there are no rent escalation terms associated with these equipment leases. The Company records amortization expense on equipment under finance leases on a straight-line basis as well as interest expense based on our implicit borrowing rate at the date of the lease inception. The equipment leases contain purchase options that allow the Company to purchase the leased equipment at the end of the lease term, based on the market price of the equipment at the time of the lease termination.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recovered. The Company reviews both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the business during the analysis of impairment. During the first quarter of 2020, the combination of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions taken by the OPEC+ countries caused oil and gas commodity demand to decrease significantly. The continuing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the current regulatory environment, depressed oil and gas commodity price and demand and the resulting 30% decrease in average active United States oil rig count during the first quarter of 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020, which is historically our largest revenue quarter, led to a slight decrease in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. In addition, the Company incurred a loss from operations of approximately $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company determined that these were triggering events which could indicate impairment of its long-lived assets during the fourth quarter of 2021 as revenue didn't rebound as expediently as expected. The Company reviewed both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the business during the analysis of impairment. During the quantitative review, the Company reviewed its undiscounted future cash flows in its assessment of whether long-lived assets were impaired. The Company determined that there was no impairment of its long-lived assets held and used for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. For a description of impairment losses recorded during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 on Assets Held for Sale, see below.

Assets Held for Sale

The Company classifies long-lived assets to be sold as held for sale in the period in which all the following criteria are met: (i) management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset or disposal group; (ii) the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets; (iii) an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the asset or disposal group have been initiated; (iv) the sale of the asset or disposal group is probable, and transfer of the asset or disposal group is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year, except if events or circumstances beyond our control extend the period of time required to sell the asset or disposal group beyond one year; (v) the asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and (vi) actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

We initially measure a long-lived asset or disposal group that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized in the period in which the held-for-sale criteria are met. Conversely, gains are not recognized on the sale of a long-lived asset or disposal group until the date of sale. We assess the fair value of a long-lived asset or disposal group (less any costs to sell) each reporting period that it remains classified as held for sale and report any subsequent changes as an adjustment to the carrying value of the asset or disposal group, as long as the new carrying value does not exceed the carrying value of the asset at the time it was initially classified as held for sale. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $128,000 and $733,000, respectively.

Upon determining that a long-lived asset or disposal group meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, the Company ceases depreciation and reports long-lived assets and/or the assets and liabilities of the disposal group, if material, in the line item "Assets held for sale" in our consolidated balance sheets.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets received attributable to business acquisitions and combinations. Goodwill and other intangible assets are measured for impairment at least annually and/or whenever events and circumstances arise that indicate impairment may exist, such as a significant adverse change in the business climate. In assessing the value of goodwill, assets and liabilities are assigned to the reporting units and the appropriate valuation methodologies are used to determine fair value at the reporting unit level. Identified intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.

The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2021. The Company tests for impairment by comparing the fair value of our reporting units (which for the Company is our reporting segments) to the carrying value of the reporting units. If the carrying value of any reporting unit exceeds the fair value calculated, an impairment loss is recorded for the difference in fair value and carrying value, up to the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting units. Our fair value is estimated using a combination of the income and market approaches.

As a result of performing the annual test of impairment, the Company recognized no impairment loss for its goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue Recognition

The Company evaluates revenue when we can identify the contract with the customer, the performance obligations in the contract, the transaction price, and we are certain that the performance obligations have been met. Revenue is recognized when the service has been provided to the customer. The vast majority of the Company's services and product offerings are short-term in nature. The time between invoicing and when payment is due under these arrangements is generally thirty to sixty days. Revenue is not generated from contractual arrangements that include multiple performance obligations.

The Company’s agreements with its customers are often referred to as "price sheets" and sometimes provide pricing for multiple services. However, these agreements generally do not authorize the performance of specific services or provide for guaranteed throughput amounts. As customers are free to choose which services, if any, to use based on the Company’s price sheet, the Company prices its separate services on the basis of their standalone selling prices. Customer agreements generally do not provide for performance, cancellation, termination, or refund type provisions. Services based on price sheets with customers are generally performed under separately issued "work orders" or "field tickets" as services are requested.

Revenue is recognized for certain projects that take more than one day as projects over time based on the number of days during the reporting period and the agreed upon price as work progresses on each project.

Disaggregation of Revenue

See Note 10 - Segment Reporting for disaggregation of revenue.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (Loss) per Common Share - Basic is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Earnings (Loss) per Common Share - Diluted is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period is computed using the treasury stock method for common stock that may be issued for outstanding stock options, restricted stock and warrants.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were outstanding stock options, unvested restricted stock awards and warrants to acquire an aggregate of 1,374,640 and 1,079,629 shares of Company common stock, respectively, which have a potentially dilutive impact on earnings (loss) per share. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, these outstanding stock options, unvested restricted stock awards and warrants had no aggregate intrinsic value (the difference between the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock on December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money instruments). Dilution is not permitted if there are net losses during the period. As such, the Company does not show diluted earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Offering Costs

The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") Topic 5A, Expenses of Offering. Offering costs consist principally of commissions and fees associated with the sale of the offered securities, as well as professional and other fees associated with the negotiation and filing of the Public Offering, that were incurred through the balance sheet date and were charged to stockholders' equity upon the completion and continuing sale of the Public Offering. As of  December 31, 2021 and 2020, offering costs totaling $815,000 and $296,000, respectively, have been charged to stockholders' equity.

Employee Retention Tax Credits

The Employee Retention Credits program, a provision of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act"), was extended through December 31, 2021 through the American Rescue Plan Act. On November 15, 2021, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act was signed into law and retroactively ended the Employee Retention Credits on September 30, 2021. For 2021, the Employee Retention Credits are up to $7,000 per employee per quarter on qualified wages for the first three quarters of 2021. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded $1.8 million to other income in the consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years (see Note 6 - Income Taxes). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities will be recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A deferred tax asset or liability that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting is classified according to the expected reversal date. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that it believes is more likely than not expected to be realized.

The Company accounts for any uncertainty in income taxes by recognizing the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if, in the Company's opinion, it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company measures the tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous. As such, the Company is required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding income tax exposures. Interpretations of and guidance surrounding income tax law and regulations change over time and may result in changes to the Company’s subjective assumptions and judgments which can materially affect amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations. The result of the reassessment of the Company’s tax positions did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Penalties and interest associated with tax positions are recorded in the period assessed within the line item "Other income" in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company files income tax returns in the United States and in the states in which it conducts its business operations. The Company’s United States federal income tax filings for tax years 2018 through 2021 remain open to examination. In general, the Company’s various state tax filings remain open for tax years 2017 through 2021.

Fair Value

The Company follows authoritative guidance that applies to all financial assets and liabilities required to be measured and reported on a fair value basis. The Company also applies the guidance to non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including non-competition agreements and goodwill. The guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability ("exit price") in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available.

Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Beginning in 2017, the Company valued its warrants using the Binomial Lattice model ("Lattice"). The Company did not have any transfers between hierarchy levels during the years ended December 31, 2021 or 2020. The financial and non-financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities that are observable for the asset or liability; or

Level 3: Unobservable pricing inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the date of grant, based on the calculated fair value of the award as described below, and is recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the equity grant.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model as a method for determining the estimated grant date fair value for all stock options awarded to employees, independent contractors, officers and directors. The expected term of the options is based upon evaluation of historical and expected exercise behavior. The risk-free interest rate is based upon United States Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life of the grant. Volatility is determined upon historical volatility of our stock and adjusted if future volatility is expected to vary from historical experience. The dividend yield is assumed to be none as we have not paid dividends nor do we anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.

The Company uses a Lattice model to determine the fair value of certain warrants. The expected term used was the remaining contractual term. Expected volatility is based upon historical volatility over a term consistent with the remaining term. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the yield on zero-coupon United States government securities with a remaining term equal to the contractual term of the warrants. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero.

The Company used the market value of Company stock to determine the fair value of the performance-based restricted stock awarded in 2021. The fair value is updated quarterly based on actual forfeitures.

The Company used a Lattice model to determine the fair value of market-based restricted stock awarded in 2021 and 2020.

Management Estimates 

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the realization of accounts receivable, evaluation of impairment of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation expense, provision for income taxes, and the valuation of warrant liabilities and deferred taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Contingent Liabilities

From time-to-time, the Company will have contingent liabilities that arise in the course of business, usually as it pertains to certain lawsuits in which the Company is involved. When a future contingent liability becomes both probable and estimable, the Company will record a liability for the estimated amount, as well as any offsetting receivables in the event the claim is probable to be covered by an insurance policy. In the event there is a range of outcomes and no amount is determined to be most probable, the Company will record a liability and, if applicable due to likelihood of insurance coverage, a receivable for the low end of the range. In the event the Company makes a firm offer in order to settle a lawsuit, the Company will record a liability for the amount of the offer at that time.

Classification and Valuation of Warrants

The Company analyzes warrant instruments under ASC 480-10, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, to determine the classification of the warrants. More specifically, the Company determines if the warrant contains any special redemption features subject to derivative accounting rules. None of the Company's issued warrants meet any of these criteria and are all classified as permanent equity.

The Company uses a Lattice model to determine the fair value of certain warrants. The expected term used was the remaining contractual term. Expected volatility is based upon historical volatility over a term consistent with the remaining term. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the yield on zero-coupon United States government securities with a remaining term equal to the contractual term of the warrants. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero.

Going Concern

The Company utilizes a cash forecast model to evaluate the ability of future cash flows to fund continuing operations. The Company analyzes projected cash flows to determine if they are sufficient to fund the operations and obligations of the Company for a period of time that extends twelve months or more from the date of the applicable filing.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the current presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.

Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04). The standard simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by removing the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to compute the implied fair value of goodwill to measure impairment. Instead, goodwill impairment is measured as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and the carrying value of the reporting unit. The standard also clarifies the treatment of the income tax effect of tax-deductible goodwill when measuring goodwill impairment loss. This standard is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment test in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 on January 1, 2020 and performed its annual goodwill impairment test pursuant to the requirements of ASU 2017-04.

Recently Issued

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Statements - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires companies to measure credit losses utilizing a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires a consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to ascertain credit loss estimates. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.