Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2012

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of, the financial institutions with which it invests.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at the amount billed to customers. The Company provides a reserve for doubtful accounts based on a review of outstanding receivables, historical collection information and existing economic conditions. The provision for uncollectible amounts is continually reviewed and adjusted to maintain the allowance at a level considered adequate to cover future losses. The allowance is management's best estimate of uncollectible amounts and is determined based on historical performance that is tracked by the Company on an ongoing basis. The losses ultimately incurred could differ materially in the near term from the amounts estimated in determining the allowance. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 the Company has recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts balance of $70,000 and $100,000, respectively. Also, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 the Company has recorded bad debt expense (recoveries) of $57,957 and $(84,691), respectively.

Concentrations

As of December 31, 2012, three customers each comprised more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance; at approximately 19%, 15%, and 12%, respectively. Revenues from these three customers represented 11%, 4%, and 11% of total revenues, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012. No other customers exceeded 7% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012.

As of December 31, 2011, one customer comprised 11% of the accounts receivable balance. Revenue from this customer represented 9% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2011. Revenues from another customer represented 12% of total revenues during the year ended December 31, 2011. Accounts receivable from this customer represented 7% of the total accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2011.

Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of diesel fuel and chemicals that are used in the servicing of oil wells and is carried at the lower of cost or market in accordance with the first in, first out method. The company periodically reviews the value of items in inventory and provides write-downs or write-offs of inventory based on its assessment of market conditions. Write-downs and write-offs are charged to cost of goods sold.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consists of (1) trucks, trailers and pickups; (2) trucks that are in various stages of fabrication; (3) real property which includes land and buildings used for office and shop facilities and wells used for the disposal of water; and (4) other equipment such as tools used for maintaining and repairing vehicles, office furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment. Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company charges repairs and maintenance against income when incurred and capitalizes renewals and betterments, which extend the remaining useful life or expand the capacity of the assets. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of 5 to 30 years.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company reassessed the estimated useful lives of its trucks and equipment (including its well servicing units and equipment, fluid services equipment, construction equipment, and other vehicles) as well as the estimated useful lives of its disposal wells. Through this assessment, the Company increased the useful lives of its trucks and equipment from 5-7 years to 10 years, and increased the useful lives of its disposal wells from 7-10 years to 15 years. The Company has determined that this adjustment to its useful lives is a change in accounting estimate and has accounted for the change prospectively; i.e. the accounting change impacts interim reporting periods within fiscal year 2012 and future periods. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, the change in accounting estimate decreased depreciation for the period by approximately $2.6 million (pre-tax difference), decreasing Loss from Operations and Net Loss by this amount, or by approximately $0.11 earnings per basic and diluted common share, respectively.

Leases

The Company conducts a major part of its operations from leased facilities. Each of these leases is accounted for as operating leases. Normally, the Company records rental expense on its operating leases over the lease term as it becomes payable. If rental payments are not made on a straight-line basis, per terms of the agreement, the Company records a deferred rent expense and recognizes the rental expense on a straight-line basis throughout the lease term. The majority of the Company’s facility leases contain renewal clauses and expire through November 2016. In most cases, management expects that in the normal course of business, leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases.

The Company has entered into several capital leases in order to acquire trucks and equipment. Each of these leases allow the Company to obtain title of the equipment leased through the lease agreements upon final payment of all principal and interest due. The Company records the assets and liabilities associated with these leases at the present value of the minimum lease payments per the lease agreement. The assets and associated liabilities are separately disclosed within Note 7. The assets are classified as Property and Equipment and the liabilities are classified as current and long-term liabilities based on the contractual terms of the agreements and their associated maturities.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recovered. The Company looks primarily to the undiscounted future cash flows in its assessment of whether or not long-lived assets have been impaired. No impairments were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2012 or 2011.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the diluted weighted average number of common shares. The diluted weighted average number of common shares is computed using the treasury stock method for common stock that may be issued for outstanding stock options and warrants.

As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had outstanding Stock-based Option Awards and Warrants to acquire an aggregate of 8,245,170 and 3,490,000 shares of Company common stock, respectively, which have a potentially dilutive impact on earnings per share. Due to the presentation of discontinued operations (see Note 3) throughout this report, in accordance with accounting guidance the Company presented earnings (loss) per common share from continuing and discontinued operations within its financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. For 2012, the Company reported Income From Continuing Operations., The incremental shares of the options and warrants to be included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share for Income From Continuing Operations during 2012 had a dilutive impact on the Company’s earnings per share of 927,718 shares. Dilution is not permitted if there are net losses during the period. As such, the Company does not show dilutive earnings per share for all other earnings (loss) per common share data presented within its financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

Intangible Assets

Non-Competition Agreements

The non-competition agreements with the sellers of Heat Waves and Dillco have finite lives and are being amortized over the five-year contractual periods (Note 4). Amortization expense is expected to be recognized through June 2013.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost over the fair value of net assets acquired, including identified intangible assets, recorded in connection with the acquisitions of Heat Waves. Goodwill is not amortized but is assessed for impairment at least annually. No impairment charge was recorded during the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

Impairment

The Company assesses goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis and between annual tests if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value below its carrying amount. Guidance allows a qualitative assessment of impairment to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the intangible asset is impaired. If it is determined that it is more-likely-than-not that and impairment exists, accounting guidance requires that the impairment test be performed through the application of a two-step fair value test. The Company utilizes this method and recognizes a goodwill impairment loss in the event that the fair value of the reporting unit does not exceed its carrying value. During fiscal years ending December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company performed the annual impairment test as of the date ending at each of these fiscal years and determined in both fiscal years that no impairment existed.

Marketable Securities

The Company determines the appropriate classification of its investments in debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at each balance sheet date. Equity securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Equity securities for which the Company does not have the intent or ability to hold to maturity are classified as available for sale. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded as either short term or long term on the Balance Sheet, based on contractual maturity date and are stated at amortized cost. Equity securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings. Equity securities not classified as held to maturity or as trading, are classified as available for sale, and are carried at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in the determination of comprehensive income and reported in stockholders’ equity.

The fair value of substantially all securities is determined by quoted market prices. The estimated fair value of securities for which there are no quoted market prices is based on similar types of securities that are traded in the market. See Note 11.

Deferred Rent Liability

The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the life of the rental agreement. Deferred rent liability is recognized as the difference between rent expense recorded and actual cash payments made and is recorded as a Long-Term Liability as a separate line item on the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 deferred rent liability totaled $20,860 and $22,044, respectively.

Derivative Instruments

The Company has swap agreements in place to hedge against changes in interest rates. The fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments is reflected as assets or liabilities on the balance sheets. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and are reclassified to income when the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recorded in earnings. The Company has not experienced any ineffectiveness in its hedging instruments. Transactions related to the Company’s derivative instruments accounted for as hedges are classified in the same category as the item hedged in the statement of cash flows. The Company does not hold derivative instruments for trading purposes.

The Company assesses the retrospective and prospective effectiveness of its derivative instruments on a quarterly basis to determine whether the hedging instruments have been highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value of the hedged items. The Company also assesses on a quarterly basis whether the hedging instruments are expected to be highly effective in the future. If a hedging instrument is not expected to be highly effective, the Company will stop hedge accounting prospectively. In those instances, the gains or losses remain in Accumulated other comprehensive loss until the hedged item affects earnings.

Income Taxes

Enservco LLC (which served as the holding company for the Company’s various operating entities until the time of the Merger Transaction in July 2010) and its subsidiaries, with the exception of Dillco (which is a C Corporation subject to federal and state income taxes), are limited liability companies and prior to January 1, 2010 were not subject to federal or state income taxes. On January 1, 2010 Enservco LLC elected to be taxed as a corporation. Therefore, prior to January 1, 2010 no provision or liability for income taxes has been included in the accompanying financial statements, except for income taxes relating to the financial statements of Dillco and Enservco (the current parent (or holding) company for the Company’s operations and assets).

The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets (Note 13) based on the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities will be recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income taxes are classified as a net current or non-current asset or liability based on the classification of the related asset or liability for financial reporting purposes.  A deferred tax asset or liability that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting is classified according to the expected reversal date.  The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that it believes is more likely than not expected to be realized.

The Company accounts for any uncertainty in income taxes by recognizing the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company measures the tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous.  As such, the Company is required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding income tax exposures. Interpretations of and guidance surrounding income tax law and regulations change over time and may result in changes to the Company’s subjective assumptions and judgments which can materially affect amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income. The result of the reassessment of the Company’s tax positions did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Interest and penalties associated with tax positions are recorded in the period assessed as general and administrative expenses. No interest or penalties have been assessed as of December 31, 2012 or 2011. The Company files income tax returns in the United States and in the states in which it conducts its business operations. The tax years 2009 through 2012 remain open to examination in the taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.

Fair Value

The Company follows authoritative guidance that applies to all financial assets and liabilities required to be measured and reported on a fair value basis. The Company also applies the guidance to non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including non-competition agreements and goodwill. The guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company did not change any of its valuation techniques, nor were there any transfers between hierarchy levels. The guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available.

Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. The financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities that are observable for the asset or liability; or

Level 3: Unobservable pricing inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company uses the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation, where Stock-based compensation costs are measured at fair value, determined using the stock price on the date of grant, and charged to expense over the requisite service period. The effect of this guidance is described in Note 15.

Loan Fees and Other Deferred Costs

In the normal course of business, the Company often enters into loan agreements with its primary lending institutions. The majority of these lending agreements require origination fees and other fees in the course of executing the agreements. For all costs associated with the execution of the lending agreements, the Company recognizes these as capitalized costs and defers the expensing of these costs over the term of the loan agreement using the effective interest method. These deferred costs are classified on the balance sheet as current or long-term assets based on the contractual terms of the loan agreements. See Note 8 for loan fees recorded in the current period.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is determinable, and services are provided and collection is reasonably assured.

Management Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the realization of accounts receivable, stock based compensation expense, income tax provisions and the valuation of deferred taxes, and the valuation of the Company’s interest rate swap. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued

In February 2013, FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” ASU 2013-02 improves the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income by requiring an entity to report their corresponding effect(s) on net income. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In January 2013, FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01, “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.” ASU 2013-01 states the intended scope of disclosures required by ASU No. 2011-11 “Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” apply to derivatives and hedging transactions. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after January 1, 2013. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.