SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE A – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements follows.

Business

General Overview

Sparta Commercial Services, Inc. (“Sparta,” “we,” “us,” or the “Company”) is a Nevada corporation with headquarters in New York City. We are a multi-disciplined parent corporation operating across three business sectors – Financial Services, E-Commerce & Mobile Technology, and Health and Wellness.

Sparta’s roots are in the Powersports industry. The Company provided retail installment loans and leases through authorized motorcycle dealerships in 33 states, with financing lines of credit provided by institutional lenders. In 2007, the Company introduced a Municipal Financing program which has financed over 100 jurisdictions to date.

Vehicle History Reports are a staple of Sparta’s E-Commerce Technology subsidiary iMobile Solutions, Inc. Whether a vehicle is intended for business or recreational use, Sparta’s Vehicle History Reports are highly regarded for accuracy and completeness and have been sold across all 50 states and in 62 countries worldwide.

With iMobile App, the Company provides mobile technology services, including web and mobile application creation, development and management, text messaging services, CRM (Customer Relationship Management) tools, and custom kitchen ordering systems for a wide range of businesses to increase revenue, build brand recognition, and improve customer engagement.

Sparta’s subsidiary, New World Health Brands, Inc., offers high quality dietary supplements

Sparta’s subsidiary, Sparta Crypto, Inc., is in the process of completing a proprietary state-of-the-art platform designed to connect users of widely adopted digital currencies with sellers of various goods and services; and has completed and tested a cryptocurrency payment gateway called SpartaPayIQ. Agoge Global USA, Inc. (“Agoge”). Agoge was formed as a subsidiary of Sparta Crypto, Inc. in December 2022 and entered in to a Joint Venture Agreement with WeDev Group of Brazil to facilitate cross-border transactions between importers and exporters of goods from the U.S. and Brazil.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of July 31, 2023 and for the three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022 have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Form 10-Q and Regulation S-K. The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly present the operating results for the respective periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally present in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Company believes that the disclosures provided are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and explanatory notes for the year ended April 30, 2023 as disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for that year as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2023. The results of operations for the three months ended July 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or the full year ending April 30, 2023.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The third-party ownership of the Company’s subsidiary is accounted for as non-controlling interest in the consolidated financial statements. Changes in the non-controlling interest are reported in the statement of changes in deficit.

Estimates

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in United States of America which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and the disclosures of revenues and expenses for the reported period. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The standard requires an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company acts as a principal in its revenue transactions as the Company is the primary obligor in the transactions.

Revenues from mobile app products and New World Health Brands products are generally recognized upon delivery. Revenues from History Reports are generally recognized upon delivery / download. Prepayments received from customers before delivery (if any) are recognized as deferred revenue and recognized upon delivery. The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable.

Cash Equivalents

For the purpose of the accompanying financial statements, all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company has adopted ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”).” ASC 820 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets the lowest priority to unobservable inputs to fair value measurements of certain assets and Liabilities. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described below:

● Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded in an active exchange market, as well as certain securities that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

● Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.

● Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value measurements. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques based on significant unobservable inputs, as well as management judgments or estimates that are significant to valuation.

This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. For some products or in certain market conditions, observable inputs may not always be available.

Income Taxes

We utilize ASC 740 “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at year-end based on enacted laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.

The Company recognizes the impact of a tax position in the financial statements only if that position is more likely than not of being sustained upon examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. Our practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Stock Based Compensation

We account for our stock-based compensation under ASC 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation” using the fair value based method. Under this method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. This guidance establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges it equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.

We use the fair value method for equity instruments granted to non-employees and use the Black-Scholes model for measuring the fair value of options. The stock based fair value compensation is determined as of the date of the grant or the date at which the performance of the services is completed (measurement date) and is recognized over the vesting periods.

Inventories

The Company’s inventories represent finished goods, consist of products available for sale and are accounted for using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method and valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory consists of finished goods for the Company’s New World Health business.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Minor additions and renewals are expensed in the year incurred. Major additions and renewals are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives. Estimated useful lives of major depreciable assets are as follows:

Leasehold improvements	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years
Website costs	3 years
Computer Equipment	5 years

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments and related items, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and receivables. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments with high credit quality institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of the FDIC insurance limit.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company uses ASC 260-10, “Earnings Per Share” for calculating the basic and diluted loss per share. The Company computes basic loss per share by dividing net loss and net loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Common equivalent shares are excluded from the computation of net loss per share if their effect is anti-dilutive.

As of July 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 4,200,000 potential shares (including 1,979,157 shares to be issued on the balance sheet), respectively, were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would reduce net loss per share.

Derivative Liabilities

The Company assessed the classification of its derivative financial instruments as of July 31, 2023 and April 30, 2023, which consist of convertible instruments and rights to shares of the Company’s common stock and determined that such derivatives meet the criteria for liability classification under ASC 815.

ASC 815 generally provides three criteria that, if met, require companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as freestanding derivative financial instruments. These three criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument subject to the requirements of ASC 815. ASC 815 also provides an exception to this rule when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional, as described.

Convertible Instruments

The Company evaluates and accounts for conversion options embedded in its convertible instruments in accordance with professional standards for “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”.

The Company accounts for convertible instruments (when it has determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments) in accordance with professional standards when “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features,” as those professional standards pertain to “Certain Convertible Instruments.” Accordingly, the Company records, when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their earliest date of redemption. The Company also records when necessary deemed dividends for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in preferred shares based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. ASC 815-40 provides that, among other things, generally, if an event is not within the entity’s control could or require net cash settlement, then the contract shall be classified as an asset or a liability.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to conform to prior periods’ data to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported losses.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

No recent pronouncements have been made or adopted in the quarter ended July 31, 2023. All of the pronouncements that affect our business have been adopted.