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DERIVATIVE ACTIVITIES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
DERIVATIVE ACTIVITIES

(11) DERIVATIVE ACTIVITIES

We use commodity-based derivative contracts to manage exposure to commodity price fluctuations. We do not enter into these arrangements for speculative or trading purposes. We do not utilize complex derivatives as we typically utilize commodity swaps or collars to (1) reduce the effect of price volatility of the commodities we produce and sell and (2) support our annual capital budget and expenditure plans. In 2011, we sold NGLs derivative swap contracts (“sold swaps”) for the natural gasoline (or C5) component of natural gas liquids and in 2012, we entered into purchased derivative swaps (“re-purchased swaps”) for C5 volumes. These re-purchased swaps were, in some cases, with the same counterparties as our sold swaps. We entered into these re-purchased swaps to lock in certain natural gasoline derivative gains. In second quarter 2012, we also entered into NGL derivative swap contracts for the propane (or C3) component of NGLs. At March 31, 2013, we had open swap contracts covering 77.7 Bcf of natural gas at prices averaging $3.71 per mcf, 4.5 million barrels of oil at prices averaging $94.62 per barrel, 1.8 million net barrels of NGLs (the C5 component of NGLs) at prices averaging $92.72 per barrel and 2.3 million barrels of NGLs (the C3 component of NGLs) at prices averaging $37.00 per barrel. At March 31, 2013, we also had collars covering 258.6 Bcf of natural gas at weighted average floor and cap prices of $4.08 to $4.64 per mcf and 1.6 million barrels of oil at weighted average floor and cap prices of $88.23 to $100.00 per barrel. The fair value of these contracts, represented by the estimated amount that would be realized upon termination, based on a comparison of the contract price and a reference price, generally the New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”), approximated a net unrealized pre-tax loss of $593,000 at March 31, 2013. These contracts expire monthly through December 2015. The following table sets forth our derivative volumes by year as of March 31, 2013.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Period

Contract Type

Volume Hedged

Weighted

Average Hedge Price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Gas

 

 

 

2013

Collars

280,000 Mmbtu/day

$ 4.59–$ 5.05

2014

Collars

402,500 Mmbtu/day

$ 3.81–$ 4.47

2015

Collars

95,000 Mmbtu/day

$ 4.06–$ 4.48

2013

Swaps

256,127 Mmbtu/day

$ 3.67

2014

Swaps

20,000 Mmbtu/day

$ 4.08

 

 

 

 

Crude Oil

 

 

 

2013

Collars

3,000 bbls/day

$ 90.60–$ 100.00

2014

Collars

2,000 bbls/day

$ 85.55–$ 100.00

2013

Swaps

5,829 bbls/day

$ 96.73

2014

Swaps

6,000 bbls/day

$ 94.54

2015

Swaps

2,000 bbls day

$ 90.20

 

 

 

 

NGLs (Natural Gasoline)

 

 

 

2013

Sold Swaps

8,000 bbls/day

$ 89.64

2013

Re-purchased Swaps

1,500 bbls/day

$ 76.30

 

 

 

 

NGLs (Propane)

 

 

 

2013

Swaps

7,000 bbls/day

$ 36.38

2014

Swaps

1,000 bbls/day

$ 40.32

Every derivative instrument is required to be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or a liability measured at its fair value. Fair value is determined based on the difference between the fixed contract price and the underlying market price at the determination date. Changes in the fair value of our derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded as a component of AOCI in the stockholders’ equity section of the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, which is later transferred to natural gas, NGLs and oil sales when the underlying physical transaction occurs and the hedging contract is settled. As of March 31, 2013, an unrealized pre-tax derivative gain of $91.9 million was recorded in AOCI. See additional discussion below regarding the discontinuance of hedge accounting. If the derivative does not qualify as a hedge or is not designated as a hedge, changes in fair value of these non-hedge derivatives are recognized in earnings in derivative fair value income or loss.

For those derivative instruments that qualify or are designated for hedge accounting, settled transaction gains and losses are determined monthly, and are included as increases or decreases to natural gas, NGLs and oil sales in the period the hedged production is sold. Through February 28, 2013, we have elected to designate our commodity derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting as cash flow hedges. Natural gas, NGLs and oil sales include $36.5 million of gains in first quarter 2013 compared to gains of $57.6 million in the same period of 2012 related to settled hedging transactions. Any ineffectiveness associated with these hedge derivatives is reflected in derivative fair value loss in the accompanying statements of operations. The ineffective portion is generally calculated as the difference between the changes in fair value of the derivative and the estimated change in future cash flows from the item hedged. Derivative fair value loss for the three months ended March 31, 2013 includes ineffective losses (unrealized and realized) of $2.9 million compared to a gain of $237,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012. During first quarter 2013, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $2.3 million as a result of the discontinuance of hedge accounting where we determined the transaction was probable not to occur due to the sale of our properties in New Mexico.

Discontinuance of Hedge Accounting

Effective March 1, 2013, we elected to de-designate all commodity contracts that were previously designated as cash flow hedges and elected to discontinue hedge accounting prospectively. AOCI included $103.6 million ($63.2 million after tax) of unrealized net gains, representing the marked-to-market value of the effective portion of our cash flow hedges as of February 28, 2013. As a result of discontinuing hedge accounting, the marked-to-market values included in AOCI as of the de-designation date were frozen and will be reclassified into earnings in future periods as the underlying hedged transactions occur. As of March 31, 2013, we expect to reclassify into earnings $80.9 million of unrealized net gains in the remaining months of 2013 and $10.9 million of unrealized net gains in 2014 from AOCI.

With the election to de-designate hedging instruments, all of our derivative instruments continue to be recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized immediately in earnings rather than in AOCI. These marked-to-market adjustments will produce a degree of earnings volatility that can be significant from period to period, but such adjustments will have no cash flow impact relative to changes in market prices. The impact to cash flow occurs upon settlement of the underlying contract.

Derivative fair value loss

The following table presents information about the components of derivative fair value loss for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2013

2012

 

 

 

Change in fair value of derivatives that do not qualify or are not designated for hedge accounting (a)              

(96,802)

$              (52,056              )

Realized gain on settlement–natural gas (a) (b)             

815

                           

Realized loss on settlement–oil (a) (b)             

(102)

              (4,622              )

Realized loss on settlement–NGLs (a) (b)             

 (895)

              (4,392              )

Hedge ineffectiveness–realized             

 564

              1,185             

–unrealized             

(3,455)

              (948              )

 

 

 

Derivative fair value loss             

(99,875)

$              (60,833              )

 

 

 

(a)              Derivatives that do not qualify or are not designated for hedge accounting.

(b)These amounts represent the realized gains and losses on settled derivatives that do not qualify or are not designated for hedge accounting, which before settlement are included in the category in this same table referred to as change in fair value of derivatives that do not qualify or are not designated for hedge accounting.

Derivative assets and liabilities

The combined fair value of derivatives included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 is summarized below. As of March 31, 2013, we are conducting derivative activities with fifteen financial institutions, of which all but two are secured lenders in our bank credit facility. We believe all of these institutions are acceptable credit risks. At times, such risks may be concentrated with certain counterparties. The credit worthiness of our counterparties is subject to periodic review. The assets and liabilities are netted where derivatives with both gain and loss positions are held by a single counterparty and we have master netting arrangements (in thousands).

 

 

 

 

 

March 31,
2013

December 31,
2012

 

 

 

Derivative assets:

 

 

Natural gas–swaps

$  (12,701)

$     7,504

–collars

33,552

122,255

–basis swaps

993

Crude oil–swaps

1,769

9,650

–collars

(59)

2,222

NGLs–C5 swaps

4,844

10,643

–C3 swaps             

34

 

 

 

 

$  27,439

$ 153,267

 

 

 

Derivative (liabilities):

 

 

Natural gas–swaps

$ (19,918)

$         

–collars             

(6,206)

(3,463)

Crude oil – swaps             

2,929

NGLs–C5 swaps             

3,467

2,275

–C3 swaps             

(8,204)

(6,746)

 

 

 

 

$ (28,032)

$   (7,934)

 

 

 

 

The table below provides data about the fair value of our derivative contracts. Derivative assets and liabilities shown below are presented as gross assets and liabilities, without regard to master netting arrangements, which are considered in the presentation of derivative assets and liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets (in thousands).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31, 2013

December 31, 2012

 

 

 

 

Assets

(Liabilities)

 

Assets

(Liabilities)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

Carrying
Value

Net
Carrying
Value

Carrying
Value

Carrying
Value

Net
Carrying
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives that qualify for cash flow hedge accounting :

 

 

 

 

 

 

Swaps (a)

$              15,431             

$              (6,640)

$              8,791

$              22,236             

$              (3,242)

$              18,994             

Collars (a)

              91,591

              (10,356)

              81,235

              129,878             

              (9,721)

              120,157             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$              107,022             

$              (16,996)             

$              90,026             

$              152,114             

$              (12,963)

$              139,151             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting :

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sold swaps (a)

$              6,702             

$              (48,132)             

$              (41,430)             

$              7,316             

$              (8,904)

$              (1,588)

Re-purchased swaps (a)

              4,759

                

              4,759

              5,920             

                             

              5,920

Collars (a)

              162             

              (54,110)

              (53,948)

              857             

                             

              857

Basis swaps (a)             

                             

              

               

              993             

                             

              993             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$              11,623             

$              (102,242)             

$              (90,619)             

$              15,086             

$              (8,904)

$              6,182             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(a) Included in unrealized derivative gain or loss in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.


The effects of our cash flow hedges (or those derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting) on accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is summarized below (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

Change in Hedge
Derivative Fair Value

Realized Gain (Loss)

Reclassified from OCI

into Revenue (a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

2013

2012

2013

2012

 

 

 

 

 

Swaps

$              (2,154)             

$              36,172

$              5,768

$              19,313             

Put options

              

              (1,562)

                

               

Collars

              (7,015)             

              96,471

               30,732

              38,316

Income taxes

              3,576

              (52,107)

               (14,235)

              (22,187)

 

 

 

 

 

 

$              (5,593)             

$              78,974

$              22,265             

$              35,442

 

 

 

 

 

 

(a) For realized gains upon derivative contract settlement, the reduction in AOCI is offset by an increase in natural gas, NGLs and oil sales. For realized

     losses upon derivative contract settlement, the increase in AOCI is offset by a decrease in natural gas, NGLs and oil sales.

The effects of our non-hedge derivatives (or those derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting) and the ineffective portion of our hedge derivatives on our consolidated statements of operations is summarized below (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

Gain (Loss)
Recognized in
Income (Non-hedge
Derivatives)

Gain (Loss)
Recognized in
Income
(Ineffective
Portion)

Derivative Fair Value
Income (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

2013

 

2012

 

2013

 

2012

 

2013

 

2012

 

Swaps

(43,076)

$              (52,985)             

$               (1,995)

$              159             

$               (45,071)             

$              (52,826)             

Re-purchased swaps

1,185

                             

                             

                             

              1,185             

                             

Collars

(55,003)

              (2,502)             

               (896)

              78             

              (55,899)             

              (2,424)             

Call options

(90)

              (5,583)             

                             

                             

              (90)             

              (5,583)             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

$  (96,984)

$              (61,070)             

$                (2,891)

$              237             

$              (99,875)             

$               (60,833)             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Offsetting of Derivative Assets and Derivative Liabilities

The tables below provide additional information related to our master netting arrangements with our derivative counterparties (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31, 2013

 

 

 

Gross Amounts of
Recognized Assets

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts of
Assets Presented in the
Balance Sheet

 

 

 

 

Derivative assets:

               

                          

                          

              Natural gas – swaps

$             

$              (12,701)

$              (12,701)

                                 – collars

              42,866

              (9,314)

              33,552

              Crude oil   – swaps

              2,360

              (591)

              1,769

                               collars

              444

              (503)

              (59)

              NGLs        – C5 swaps

              5,084

              (240)

              4,844

                                – C3 swaps

              34

             

              34

 

 

 

 

 

$              50,788

$              (23,349)             

$              27,439             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross Amounts of
Recognized (Liabilities)

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts of
(Liabilities) Presented in the
Balance Sheet

 

 

 

 

Derivative (liabilities):

               

                          

                          

              Natural gas swaps

$              (19,918)

$             

$              (19,918)

                     – collars

              (16,475)

              10,269

              (6,206)

              Crude oil  – swaps

              (690)

              3,520

              2,830

              NGLs       C5 swaps

              (877)

              4,343

              3,466

                               C3 swaps

              (8,204)

             

              (8,204)

 

 

 

 

 

$              (46,164)             

$              18,132             

$              (28,032)             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2012

 

 

 

Gross Amounts of
Recognized Assets

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts of
Assets Presented in the
Balance Sheet

 

 

 

 

Derivative assets:

               

                          

                          

              Natural gas – swaps

$              10,746

$              (3,242)

$              7,504

                                 – collars

              127,991

              (5,736)

              122,255

                                 – basis swaps

              993

             

              993

              Crude oil – swaps

              9,650

             

              9,650

                           – collars

              2,222

             

              2,222

              NGLs     – C5 swaps

              10,674

              (31)

              10,643

 

 

 

 

 

$              162,276             

$              (9,009)             

$              153,267             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross Amounts of
Recognized (Liabilities)

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts of
(Liabilities) Presented in the
Balance Sheet

 

 

 

 

Derivative (liabilities):

               

                          

                          

              Natural gas – collars

$              (3,883)

$              420

$              (3,463)

              NGLs       – C5 swaps

              (106)

              2,381

              2,275

                              – C3 swaps

              (6,746)

             

              (6,746)

 

 

 

 

 

$              (10,735)             

$              2,801             

$              (7,934)