Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 1

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accounting and reporting policies of Southwest Georgia Financial Corporation (the “Corporation”) and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Southwest Georgia Bank (the “Bank”), conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and to general practices within the banking industry. The following is a description of the more significant of those policies.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its direct and indirect subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.

Nature of Operations

The Corporation offers comprehensive financial services to consumer, business, and governmental entity customers through its banking offices in southwest Georgia. Its primary deposit products are money market, NOW, savings and certificates of deposit, and its primary lending products are consumer and commercial mortgage loans. In addition to conventional banking services, the Corporation provides investment planning and management, trust management, and commercial and individual insurance products. Insurance products and advice are provided by the Bank’s Southwest Georgia Insurance Services Division.

The Corporation’s primary business is providing banking services through the Bank to individuals and businesses principally in the counties of Colquitt, Baker, Worth, Lowndes, Tift and the surrounding counties of southwest Georgia. The Bank operates six branch offices in its trade area. In Valdosta, Georgia, lending services are offered at our Commercial Banking Center at 3520 N Valdosta Road, located next door to the branch. Trust and retail brokerage services are offered at an office building located at 25 2nd Avenue SW in Moultrie.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses and the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans. In connection with these evaluations, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.

A substantial portion of the Corporation’s loans are secured by real estate located primarily in Georgia. Accordingly, the ultimate collection of these loans is susceptible to changes in the real estate market conditions of this market area

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Statement of Cash Flows

For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Corporation considers cash and cash equivalents to include all cash on hand, deposit amounts due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, and federal funds sold. The Corporation maintains its cash balances in several financial institutions. Accounts at the financial institutions are secured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) up to $250,000. There were no uninsured deposits at June 30, 2019.

Investment Securities

Investment securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to maturity” and recorded at amortized cost. Securities not classified as held to maturity or trading are classified as available for sale and recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses (net of tax effect) reported in other comprehensive income.

Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Declines in the fair value of held to maturity and available for sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired are reflected in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Corporation to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation has been calculated primarily using the straight-line method for buildings and building improvements over the assets estimated useful lives. Equipment and furniture are depreciated using the modified accelerated recovery system method over the assets estimated useful lives for financial reporting and income tax purposes for assets purchased on or before December 31, 2003. For assets acquired after 2003, the Corporation used the straight-line method of depreciation. The following estimated useful lives are used for financial statement purposes:

Land improvements	5 – 31 years
Building and improvements	10 – 40 years
Machinery and equipment	5 – 10 years
Computer equipment	3 – 5 years
Office furniture and fixtures	5 – 10 years

All of the Corporation’s leases are operating leases and are not capitalized as assets for financial reporting purposes. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense and betterments are capitalized.

Long-lived assets are evaluated regularly for other-than-temporary impairment. If circumstances suggest that their value may be impaired and the write-down would be material, an assessment of recoverability is performed prior to any write-down of the asset. Impairment on intangibles is evaluated at each balance sheet date or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount should be assessed. Impairment, if any, is recognized through a valuation allowance with a corresponding charge recorded in the income statement.

During second quarter 2019, the Corporation sold a parcel of vacant land in Moultrie, Georgia, for $387,938 and recorded a gain on the sale in the amount of $266,224.

Bank Property Held for Sale

In 2016, the Bank’s former branch in Pavo, Georgia, was transferred from premises to bank property held for sale and depreciation was discontinued. The property was booked at the lower of cost or market value based on the current appraisal of $211,500. On November 30, 2018, the Corporation sold this property and recorded a loss in the amount of $96,750.

Loans and Allowances for Loan Losses

Loans are stated at principal amounts outstanding less unearned income and the allowance for loan losses. Interest income is credited to income based on the principal amount outstanding at the respective rate of interest except for interest on certain installment loans made on a discount basis which is recognized in a manner that results in a level-yield on the principal outstanding.

Accrual of interest income is discontinued on loans when, in the opinion of management, collection of such interest income becomes doubtful. Accrual of interest on such loans is resumed when, in management’s judgment, the collection of interest and principal becomes probable.

Fees on loans and costs incurred in origination of most loans are recognized at the time the loan is placed on the books. Because loan fees are not significant, the results on operations are not materially different from the results which would be obtained by accounting for loan fees and costs as amortized over the term of the loan as an adjustment of the yield.

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Corporation does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures.

The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Loans are charged against the allowance for loan losses when management believes the collection of the principal is unlikely. The allowance is an amount which management believes will be adequate to absorb estimated losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible based on evaluation of the collectability of loans and prior loss experience. This evaluation takes into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolios, current economic conditions that may affect the borrowers’ ability to pay, overall portfolio quality, and review of specific problem loans.

Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based upon changes in economic conditions. Also, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Corporation to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Foreclosed Assets

In accordance with policy guidelines and regulations, properties acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at the fair market value less costs to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. A valuation allowance is established to record market value changes in foreclosed assets. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in net expenses from foreclosed assets. There was no valuation allowance for foreclosed asset losses at June 30, 2019. Foreclosed assets totaled $37,605 at June 30, 2019 and $127,605 at December 31, 2018.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are amortized over a determined useful life using the straight-line basis. These assets are evaluated annually as to the recoverability of the carrying value. All intangibles were fully amortized as of June 30, 2019.

Credit Related Financial Instruments

In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under credit card arrangements, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Retirement Plans

The Corporation and its direct and indirect subsidiaries have post-retirement plans covering substantially all employees. The Corporation makes annual contributions to the plans in amounts not exceeding the regulatory requirements.

Bank Owned Life Insurance

The Bank owns life insurance policies on a group of employees. Banking laws and regulations allow the Bank to purchase life insurance policies on certain employees in order to help offset the Bank’s overall employee compensation costs. The beneficial aspects of these life insurance policies are tax-free earnings and a tax-free death benefit, which are realized by the Bank as the owner of the policies. The cash surrender value of these policies is included as an asset on the balance sheet, and any increases in cash surrender value are recorded as noninterest income on the statement of income. At June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the policies had a value of $6,846,072 and $6,779,242, respectively, and were 14.5% and 15.5%, respectively, of shareholders’ equity. These values are within regulatory guidelines.

Income Taxes

The Corporation and its direct and indirect subsidiaries file a consolidated income tax return. Each subsidiary computes its income tax expense as if it filed an individual return except that it does not receive any portion of the surtax allocation. Any benefits or disadvantages of the consolidation are absorbed by the parent company.  Each subsidiary pays its allocation of federal income taxes to the parent company or receives payment from the parent company to the extent that tax benefits are realized.

The Corporation reports income under the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, Income Taxes, which requires recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Recognition of deferred tax assets is based on management’s belief that it is more likely than not that the tax benefit associated with certain temporary differences and tax credits will be realized.

The Corporation will recognize a tax position as a benefit only if it is more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with an examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of a tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized on examination. No benefit is recorded for tax positions that do not meet the more than likely than not test.

The Corporation recognizes penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.  The Corporation is subject to U.S. federal and Georgia state income tax audit for returns for the tax period ending December 31, 2016 and subsequent years. 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in shareholders’ equity during a period, except those resulting from transactions with shareholders. Besides net income, other components of the Corporation’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes the after tax effect of changes in the net unrealized gain/loss on securities available for sale and the unrealized gain/loss on pension plan benefits.

Trust Department

Trust income is included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements on the cash basis in accordance with established industry practices. Reporting of such fees on the accrual basis would have no material effect on reported income.

Advertising Costs

It is the policy of the Corporation to expense advertising costs as they are incurred. The Corporation does not engage in any direct-response advertising and accordingly has no advertising costs reported as assets on its balance sheet. Costs expensed were $81,036 and $156,786 for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Recent Market and Regulatory Developments

The Corporation and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Corporation and the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Corporation and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items, as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the federal banking agencies about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Corporation and the Bank to maintain minimum Tier 1 leverage, Tier 1 risk-based capital and Total risk-based capital ratios. In July 2013, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System published the Basel III Capital Rules. These rules establish a comprehensive capital framework applicable to all depository institutions, certain bank holding companies with total consolidated assets below a certain threshold and all and savings and loan holding companies except for those that are substantially engaged in insurance underwriting or commercial activities. These rules implement higher minimum capital requirements for banks and certain bank holding companies, include a new common equity Tier 1 capital requirement and establish criteria that instruments must meet to be considered common equity Tier 1 capital, additional Tier 1 capital or Tier 2 capital.

The Basel III Capital Rules became effective for the Bank on January 1, 2015, subject to a phase-in period, but are not applicable to bank holding companies, like the Corporation, with less than $1 billion in total consolidated assets that meet certain criteria.

The minimum capital level requirements applicable to the Bank under the Basel III Capital Rules are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6% (increased from 4%); (iii) a Total risk-based capital ratio of 8% (unchanged from the rules effective for the year ended December 31, 2014); and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions. Common equity Tier 1 capital will consist of retained earnings and common stock instruments, subject to certain adjustments.

The Basel III Capital Rules set forth changes in the methods of calculating certain risk-weighted assets, which in turn affect the calculation of risk-based ratios. The new risk weightings are more punitive for assets held by banks that are deemed to be of higher risk. These changes were also effective beginning January 1, 2015.

The Basel III Capital Rules also introduce a “capital conservation buffer”, which is in addition to each capital ratio and is phased-in over a three-year period beginning in January 2016.

As of June 30, 2019, the Bank is considered to be well-capitalized under the Basel III Capital Rules. There have been no conditions or events since June 30, 2019, that management believes has changed the Bank’s status as “well-capitalized.” The capital ratios of the Corporation and Bank are presented in Management Discussion and Analysis of the Corporation’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In March 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118. The purpose of this ASU is to codify the SEC's guidance issued in Staff Accounting Bulletin 118. The amendments in this update were effective upon issuance. The adoption of ASU 2018-05 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-04, Investment - Debt Securities (Topic 320) and Regulated Operations (Topic 980): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 117 and SEC Release No. 33-9273. The purpose of this ASU is to codify the SEC's guidance issued in Staff Accounting Bulletin 117. The amendments in this update were effective upon issuance. The adoption of ASU 2018-04 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10). This Update clarifies certain aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-01 including (i) an entity measuring an equity security using the measurement alternative may make an irrevocable election to change its measurement approach to a fair value method under Topic 820 for that security and any identical or similar investments of the same issuer, (ii) fair value adjustments under the measurement alternative should be as of the date the observable transaction for a similar security occurred, (iii) requiring the remeasurement of the entire value of forward contracts and purchased options when observable transactions occur on the underlying equity securities, (iv) financial liabilities for which the fair value option is elected should follow the guidance in paragraph 825-10-45-5, (v) changes in the fair value of financial liabilities for which the fair value option is elected relating to the instrument-specific credit risk should first be measured in the currency of denomination and then both components of the change in fair value should be remeasured into the reporting entity's functional currency using end-of-period spot rates, and (vi) the prospective transition approach should only be applied for instances in which the measurement alternative is applied. The guidance was effective for interim periods beginning after June 15, 2018 and may be early adopted provided ASU 2016-01 was adopted. The Company adopted the amendments in this ASU effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-03 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. ASU 2018-02 provides guidance on accounting for the effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted in December, 2017. The guidance allows reclassification of the tax effects that were stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a result of the tax rate change from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-02 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, “Stock Compensation, Scope of Modification Accounting.” This ASU clarifies when changes to the terms of conditions of a share-based payment award must be accounted for as modifications. Companies will apply the modification accounting guidance if the value, vesting conditions or classification of the award changes. The new guidance should reduce diversity in practice and result in fewer changes to the terms of an award being accounted for as modifications, as the guidance will allow companies to make certain non-substantive changes to awards without accounting for them as modifications. It does not change the accounting for modifications. ASU No. 2017-09 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017; early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Topic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This ASU shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. The premium on individual callable debt securities shall be amortized to the earliest call date. This guidance does not apply to securities for which prepayments are estimated on a large number of similar loans where prepayments are probable and reasonable estimable. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update should be adopted on a modified retrospective basis with a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings on the date of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2017-08 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost on the income statement by requiring service cost to be presented with other employee compensation costs and other components of net periodic pension cost to be presented outside of any subtotal of operating income. This ASU also stipulates that only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805), which provides a new framework for determining whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption will be permitted and should apply it to transactions that have not been reported in financial statements that have been issued or made available for issuance. The adoption of ASU 2017-01 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this ASU (i) requires equity investments, with certain exceptions, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (ii) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, (iii) eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, (iv) requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, (v) requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (vi) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements and (vii) clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets. The accounting guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Corporation adopted the amendments in this ASU effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of 2016-01 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB began issuing guidance to change the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. The last guidance was issued in February 2017. The standards issued during this time are as follows: ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), ASU 2015-14 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, ASU 2016-08 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), ASU 2016-10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, ASU 2016-11 Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting, ASU 2016-12 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, ASU 2016-20 Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and ASU 2017-05 Other Income - Gains and losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20) - Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. This new guidance, which does not apply to financial instruments, provides that revenue should be recognized for the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount equal to the consideration it receives or expects to receive. The guidance also includes expanded disclosure requirements that provide comprehensive information about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Corporation adopted the amendments in this ASU effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. Since there was no change to net income upon adoption of the new guidance, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not necessary. See below for additional information related to revenue generated from contracts with customers.

In 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 – Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 amends the existing standards for lease accounting effectively requiring most leases be carried on the balance sheets of the related lessees by requiring them to recognize a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability. ASU 2016-02 includes qualitative and quantitative disclosure requirements intended to provide greater insight into the nature of an entity’s leasing activities. The standard must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition with a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the period in which it is adopted. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 had no material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Corporation adopted ASC Topic 606, using the modified retrospective method. Disclosures of revenue from contracts with customers for periods beginning after January 1, 2018, are presented under ASC Topic 606 and have not materially changed from the prior year amounts. Noninterest income, within the scope of this guidance, is recognized as services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the considerations expected to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The Corporation's revenue streams that were in scope include service charges on deposit accounts, income from insurance services, income from trust services, Automated Teller Machine (“ATM”) surcharge and other noninterest income.

Services Charges on Deposit Accounts - Service charges on deposit accounts primarily consist of monthly maintenance charges, analysis charges and Non-sufficient funds (“NSF”) charges. The NSF charges and certain service charges are fixed and the performance obligation is typically satisfied at the time of the related transaction. The consideration for analysis charges and monthly maintenance charges are variable as the fee can be reduced if the customer meets certain qualifying metrics. The Corporation's performance obligations are satisfied either at the time of the transaction or over the course of a month.

Income from Insurance Services – Income from insurance services consists primarily of property and casualty insurance, life, health, and disability insurance. Property and casualty, life, health, and disability insurance includes the brokerage of both personal and commercial coverages. The placement of the policy is completion of the Corporation's performance obligation and revenue is recognized at that time. The Corporation's commission is primarily a percentage of the premium.

Income from Trust Services – Income from Trust services consists of revenue generated from services provided for corporate, pension, and personal trusts, trustee services, and administrative services for employee benefit plans. The Corporation’s performance obligation and revenue is recognized once the service has been performed.

ATM Surcharge - ATM surcharge represents revenues earned from certain terminal activity. ATM surcharges primarily consist of charges assessed to our customers for using a non-Bank ATM or a non-Bank customer using our ATM. Such surcharges generally are recognized concurrently with the delivery of services on a daily basis.

Other - Other noninterest income primarily consists of transaction based revenue where the performance obligation is satisfied concurrent with the revenue recognition.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which is essentially the final rule on use of the CECL model, or current expected credit losses. Among other things, the amendments in this ASU require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. For SEC filers, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with later effective dates for non-SEC registrant public companies and other organizations. Early adoption will be permitted for all organizations for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 is being reviewed for any material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.