Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets:
Cash	$ 76,576	$ 21,605
Restricted cash	950,223	1,410,102
Short-term receivables	476	394
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	337,522	467,081
Total Current Assets	1,364,797	1,899,182
Equipment and furnishings, less accumulated depreciation of $110,994 and $102,073, respectively	12,020	20,941
Operating lease right-of-use asset	72,026	117,123
Total Assets	1,448,843	2,037,246
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,675,891	2,094,258
Unearned grant revenue	953,248	1,510,958
Other accrued expenses	3,240,436	2,404,012
Accrued interest	22,600	30,844
Accrued interest - related parties	123,828	40,992
Notes payable	277,815	239,394
Convertible notes payable	800,000	625,000
Operating lease liability, current portion	48,077	44,422
Total Current Liabilities	9,016,895	8,192,380
Operating lease liability, non-current portion	25,299	73,376
Total Liabilities	9,042,194	8,265,756
Commitments, contingencies, and litigations (Note 16)
Stockholders’ Deficit:
Common stock; par value $0.001 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 419,522,119 and 419,447,119 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively	419,522	419,497
Additional paid-in capital	244,714,967	242,954,193
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(60,165)	(35,679)
Accumulated deficit	(252,690,409)	(249,588,641)
Total Stockholders’ Deficit	(7,593,351)	(6,228,510)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit	1,448,843	2,037,246
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ Deficit:
Preferred stock, value	12,373	12,373
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ Deficit:
Preferred stock, value	10,361	9,747
Related Party [Member]
Current Liabilities:
Convertible notes payable - related parties	$ 1,875,000	$ 1,202,500