EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2024

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

7.     EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

We have defined contribution plans that include a majority of our U.S. employees, under which our matching contributions are primarily discretionary. The purpose of these plans is generally to provide additional financial security during retirement by providing employees with an incentive to save throughout their employment. Our contributions and related expense totaled $1.2 million, $1.4 million, and $1.3 million, for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.