SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION

SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION

The Registrants adopted ASU 2023-07 and applied the guidance retrospectively effective for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2024. See Note 1 under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" for additional information.

The CODM at Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas is the chairman, president, and chief executive officer of such Registrant. Southern Power's CODM consists of the chairman and chief executive officer and the president. The CODMs assess segment performance using net income that is reflected on the Registrants'

respective statements of income as net income attributable to the registrant or net income, as applicable. The CODMs use net income in the annual budget and forecasting process and consider budget versus actual results on a monthly basis when making decisions about the allocation of resources. Asset information by segment is not utilized by the CODMs for purposes of assessing performance or allocating resources.

Southern Company

Southern Company's reportable business segments are the sale of electricity by the traditional electric operating companies, the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market by Southern Power, and the distribution of natural gas and other complementary products and services by Southern Company Gas. While the traditional electric operating companies represent three separate operating segments, they are vertically integrated utilities providing electric service to retail customers, as well as wholesale customers, in the Southeast and have been aggregated into one reportable segment. The "All Other" presentation includes the Southern Company parent entity, which does not allocate operating expenses to business segments, and operating segments below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure. These operating segments include providing distributed energy and resilience solutions and deploying microgrids for commercial, industrial, governmental, and utility customers, as well as investments in telecommunications. Revenues from sales by Southern Power to the traditional electric operating companies were $437 million, $371 million, and $537 million in 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. All other inter-segment revenues were immaterial for all periods presented.

Southern Company's CODM utilizes segment net income, including variances to budget and forecasts, to assess performance and is not provided with segment expense information. To achieve the consolidated net income goal, Southern Company's CODM sets net income expectations for each operating segment, which is expected to monitor its expenses in order to achieve its assigned net income target. Therefore, Southern Company has no reportable significant segment expenses.

Financial data for business segments and products and services for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was as follows:

	Electric Utilities
	Traditional Electric Operating Companies		Southern Power		Eliminations		Total		Southern Company Gas		Total Reportable Segments		All Other		Eliminations		Consolidated
	(in millions)
2025
Operating revenues	$	22,056	$	2,198	$	(477)	$	23,777	$	5,044	$	28,821	$	893	$	(161)	$	29,553
Other segment items(a)(b)(c)	11,157		1,187		(477)		11,867		3,172		15,039		872		(154)		15,757
Depreciation and amortization(d)	3,882		843		—		4,725		708		5,433		68		—		5,501
Earnings from equity method investments	6		—		—		6		127		133		(21)		—		112
Interest expense(e)	1,341		104		—		1,445		377		1,822		1,416		—		3,238
Income taxes (benefit)	1,100		(61)		—		1,039		182		1,221		(393)		—		828
Segment net income (loss)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)	$	4,582	$	125	$	—	$	4,707	$	732	$	5,439	$	(1,091)	$	(7)	$	4,341
At December 31, 2025
Goodwill	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2	$	5,015	$	5,017	$	144	$	—	$	5,161
Total assets	114,287		12,657		(915)		126,029		27,387		153,416		2,829		(525)		155,720

	Electric Utilities
	Traditional Electric Operating Companies		Southern Power		Eliminations		Total		Southern Company Gas		Total Reportable Segments		All Other		Eliminations		Consolidated
	(in millions)
2024
Operating revenues	$	19,977	$	2,014	$	(388)	$	21,603	$	4,456	$	26,059	$	843	$	(178)	$	26,724
Other segment items(a)(b)(g)(h)	10,057		1,060		(388)		10,729		2,613		13,342		802		(149)		13,995
Depreciation and amortization(d)	3,512		522		—		4,034		650		4,684		71		—		4,755
Earnings from equity method investments	8		—		—		8		146		154		(17)		2		139
Interest expense	1,255		117		—		1,372		341		1,713		1,030		—		2,743
Income taxes (benefit)	1,016		(13)		—		1,003		258		1,261		(292)		—		969
Segment net income (loss)(b)(d)(f)(g)(h)	$	4,145	$	328	$	—	$	4,473	$	740	$	5,213	$	(785)	$	(27)	$	4,401
At December 31, 2024
Goodwill	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2	$	5,015	$	5,017	$	144	$	—	$	5,161
Total assets	105,577		12,653		(1,025)		117,205		26,177		143,382		2,371		(573)		145,180
2023
Operating revenues	$	18,358	$	2,189	$	(549)	$	19,998	$	4,702	$	24,700	$	718	$	(165)	$	25,253
Other segment items(a)(b)(c)(i)	9,643		1,187		(549)		10,281		3,124		13,405		699		(150)		13,954
Depreciation and amortization	3,361		504		—		3,865		582		4,447		78		—		4,525
Earnings from equity method investments	(1)		—		—		(1)		140		139		5		—		144
Interest expense	1,145		129		—		1,274		310		1,584		879		(17)		2,446
Income taxes (benefit)	571		12		—		583		211		794		(298)		—		496
Segment net income (loss)(b)(c)(f)(i)	$	3,637	$	357	$	—	$	3,994	$	615	$	4,609	$	(635)	$	2	$	3,976
At December 31, 2023
Goodwill	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2	$	5,015	$	5,017	$	144	$	—	$	5,161
Total assets	100,429		12,761		(545)		112,645		25,083		137,728		2,446		(843)		139,331

(a)Primarily consists of fuel, purchased power, cost of natural gas, cost of other sales, other operations and maintenance (including credits to income for estimated probable losses, regulatory disallowances, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, and impairment charges), taxes other than income taxes, AFUDC equity, non-service cost-related retirement benefits income, and net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.

(b)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes pre-tax credits to income at Georgia Power for the estimated probable loss associated with the construction and completion of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 of $60 million ($45 million after tax) in 2025, $21 million ($16 million after tax) in 2024, and $68 million ($50 million after tax) in 2023. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" for additional information.

(c)For Southern Company Gas, includes pre-tax charges associated with the disallowance of certain capital investments at Nicor Gas totaling approximately $63 million ($47 million after tax) in 2025 and $96 million ($72 million after tax) in 2023. See Note 2 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.

(d)For Southern Power, includes accelerated depreciation related to the repowering of multiple wind facilities of $307 million ($221 million after tax, net of noncontrolling interest impacts) in 2025 and $9 million ($7 million after tax, net of noncontrolling interest impacts) in 2024. See Note 15 under "Southern Power –Wind Repowering Projects" for additional information.

(e)For All Other, includes a pre-tax loss of $252 million ($189 million after tax) associated with the extinguishment of debt at the parent company. See Note 8 under "Convertible Senior Notes" for additional information.

(f)Attributable to Southern Company.

(g)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes a pre-tax impairment loss at Alabama Power of $36 million ($27 million after tax) related to Alabama Power discontinuing the development of a multi-use commercial facility. See Note 1 under "Impairment of Long-Lived Assets" for additional information.

(h)For the traditional electric operating companies, includes a pre-tax gain at Georgia power of approximately $114 million ($84 million after tax) related to the sale of transmission line assets under the integrated transmission system agreement. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Transmission Asset Sales" for additional information.

(i)For Southern Power, includes an $18 million pre-tax loss recovery ($9 million after tax and partnership allocations) related to an arbitration award and a $16 million pre-tax gain ($12 million after tax) on the sale of spare parts.

Products and Services

Electric Utilities' Revenues
Year	Retail		Wholesale		Other		Total
	(in millions)
2025	$	19,331	$	2,940	$	1,506	$	23,777
2024	17,790		2,431		1,382		21,603
2023	16,343		2,467		1,188		19,998

Southern Company Gas' Revenues
Year	Gas Distribution Operations		Gas Marketing Services		Other		Total
	(in millions)
2025	$	4,428	$	582	$	34	$	5,044
2024	3,899		516		41		4,456
2023	4,090		548		64		4,702

Traditional Electric Operating Companies

Each of the traditional electric operating companies' single reportable business segment is the sale of electricity. Revenues from products and services of the traditional electric operating companies are segregated into retail, wholesale, and other as reflected on their statements of income.

Alabama Power and Georgia Power have identified utility operations and maintenance expenses as significant segment expenses provided to their CODMs. Utility operations and maintenance expenses is calculated as other operations and maintenance, as reflected on the statements of income, less expenses from unregulated products and services, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, impairment charges, amortization of cloud software, and, for Georgia Power, charges (credits) for estimated loss on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Alabama Power's utility operations and maintenance expenses are disaggregated into expenses related to Rate RSE and Rate CNP Compliance. See Note 2 under "Alabama Power" for additional information.

During the third and fourth quarters of 2025, Mississippi Power updated the information provided to its CODM. As a result, Mississippi Power has identified certain operational and environmental compliance expenses as significant segment expenses and has recast prior period information to conform to the current period presentation.

Financial data for significant segment expenses and other segment information for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was as follows:

	2025		2024		2023
	(in millions)
Alabama Power
Operating revenues	$	8,235	$	7,554	$	7,050
Utility operations and maintenance
Rate RSE expenses	1,636		1,480		1,421
Rate CNP Compliance expenses	292		279		254
Total utility operations and maintenance	1,928		1,759		1,675
Other segment items(a)(b)	2,391		2,125		2,098
Depreciation and amortization	1,510		1,459		1,401
Interest expense	465		448		425
Income taxes	425		360		81
Segment net income(b)	$	1,516	$	1,403	$	1,370
Capital expenditures	$	2,508	$	2,114	$	2,159

	2025		2024		2023
	(in millions)
Georgia Power
Operating revenues	$	12,631	$	11,331	$	10,118
Utility operations and maintenance	2,339		2,210		1,901
Other segment items(a)(c)(d)	3,972		3,476		3,382
Depreciation and amortization	2,074		1,774		1,681
Interest expense	793		725		626
Income taxes	602		603		448
Segment net income(c)(d)	$	2,851	$	2,543	$	2,080
Capital expenditures	$	8,140	$	5,355	$	5,394
Mississippi Power
Operating revenues	$	1,695	$	1,463	$	1,474
Operational expenses(e)	264		254		265
Environmental compliance expenses(f)	16		12		10
Other segment items(a)	845		681		714
Depreciation and amortization	211		193		190
Interest expense	79		77		71
Income taxes	65		47		36
Segment net income	$	215	$	199	$	188
Capital expenditures	$	320	$	357	$	342

(a)Primarily consists of fuel, purchased power, expenses from unregulated products and services, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, amortization of cloud software, taxes other than income taxes, AFUDC equity, and non-service cost-related retirement benefits income. For Alabama Power, includes impairment charges. For Georgia Power, includes credits for estimated loss on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. For Mississippi Power, includes employee benefit expenses. Also includes earnings from equity method investments, which were immaterial for all periods presented.

(b)For 2024, includes a pre-tax impairment loss of $36 million ($27 million after tax) related to Alabama Power discontinuing the development of a multi-use commercial facility. See Note 1 under "Impairment of Long-Lived Assets" for additional information.

(c)Includes pre-tax credits to income for the estimated probable loss associated with the construction and completion of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 of $60 million ($45 million after tax) in 2025, $21 million ($16 million after tax) in 2024, and $68 million ($50 million after tax) in 2023. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" for additional information.

(d)For 2024, includes a pre-tax gain of approximately $114 million ($84 million after tax) related to the sale of transmission line assets under the integrated transmission system agreement. See Note 2 under "Georgia Power – Transmission Asset Sales" for additional information.

(e)Consists of certain operations and maintenance expenses related to PEP and the MRA tariff, including labor costs, materials, contract services, and other normal operational costs. See Note 2 under "Mississippi Power" for additional information regarding PEP and the MRA tariff.

(f)Consists of environmental compliance expenses related to ECO Plan and the MRA tariff. See Note 2 under "Mississippi Power" for additional information regarding ECO Plan and the MRA tariff.

Southern Power

Southern Power's single reportable business segment is the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market. Substantially all of Southern Power's revenues from products and services are reflected as wholesale on its consolidated statements of income. Southern Power's CODM utilizes segment expense information in the form of variances to budget to assess performance; therefore, Southern Power has no reportable significant segment expenses.

Financial data for segment information for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was as follows:

	2025		2024		2023
	(in millions)
Operating revenues	$	2,198	$	2,014	$	2,189
Other segment items(a)(b)	1,187		1,060		1,187
Depreciation and amortization(c)	843		522		504
Interest expense	104		117		129
Income taxes (benefit)	(61)		(13)		12
Segment net income(b)(c)(d)	$	125	$	328	$	357

(a)Primarily consists of fuel, purchased power, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, losses (gains) on asset dispositions, and net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.

(b)For 2023, includes an $18 million pre-tax loss recovery ($9 million after tax and partnership allocations) related to an arbitration award and a $16 million pre-tax gain ($12 million after tax) on the sale of spare parts.

(c)Includes accelerated depreciation of $307 million ($221 million after tax, net of noncontrolling interest impacts) in 2025 and $9 million ($7 million after tax, net of noncontrolling interest impacts) in 2024 related to the repowering of multiple wind facilities. See Note 15 under "Southern Power –Wind Repowering Projects" for additional information.

(d)Southern Power had no earnings from equity method investments for any period presented.

Southern Company Gas

Southern Company Gas manages its business through three reportable segments – gas distribution operations, gas pipeline investments, and gas marketing services. The non-reportable segments are combined and presented as "All Other."

The gas distribution operations segment is the largest component of Southern Company Gas' business and includes natural gas local distribution utilities that construct, manage, and maintain intrastate natural gas pipelines and gas distribution facilities in four states.

The gas pipeline investments segment consists of joint ventures in natural gas pipeline investments including a 50% interest in SNG and a 50% joint ownership interest in the Dalton Pipeline. These natural gas pipelines enable the provision of diverse sources of natural gas supplies to the customers of Southern Company Gas. See Notes 5 and 7 for additional information.

The gas marketing services segment provides natural gas marketing to end-use customers primarily in Georgia through SouthStar.

The "All Other" presentation includes operating segments and subsidiaries that fall below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure.

Southern Company Gas' CODM utilizes segment expense information in the form of variances to budget to assess performance; therefore, Southern Company Gas has no reportable significant segment expenses.

Financial data for business segments for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was as follows:

	Gas Distribution Operations		Gas Pipeline Investments		Gas Marketing Services		Total Reportable Segments		All Other		Eliminations		Consolidated
	(in millions)
2025
Operating revenues	$	4,428	$	32	$	582	$	5,042	$	12	$	(10)	$	5,044
Other segment items(a)(b)	2,721		5		444		3,170		12		(10)		3,172
Depreciation and amortization	687		5		14		706		2		—		708
Earnings from equity method investments	—		127		—		127		—		—		127
Interest expense	342		36		3		381		(4)		—		377
Income taxes	109		28		34		171		11		—		182
Segment net income (loss)(b)	$	569	$	85	$	87	$	741	$	(9)	$	—	$	732
Total assets at December 31, 2025	$	25,391	$	1,475	$	1,749	$	28,615	$	10,643	$	(11,871)	$	27,387

	Gas Distribution Operations		Gas Pipeline Investments		Gas Marketing Services		Total Reportable Segments		All Other		Eliminations		Consolidated
	(in millions)
2024
Operating revenues	$	3,899	$	32	$	516	$	4,447	$	23	$	(14)	$	4,456
Other segment items(a)	2,236		6		356		2,598		29		(14)		2,613
Depreciation and amortization	630		5		14		649		1		—		650
Earnings from equity method investments	—		146		—		146		—		—		146
Interest expense	311		35		3		349		(8)		—		341
Income taxes	172		31		41		244		14		—		258
Segment net income (loss)	$	550	$	101	$	102	$	753	$	(13)	$	—	$	740
Total assets at December 31, 2024	$	24,067	$	1,573	$	1,696	$	27,336	$	10,047	$	(11,206)	$	26,177
2023
Operating revenues	$	4,105	$	32	$	548	$	4,685	$	36	$	(19)	$	4,702
Other segment items(a)(b)	2,702		5		402		3,109		34		(19)		3,124
Depreciation and amortization	561		5		15		581		1		—		582
Earnings from equity method investments	—		140		—		140		—		—		140
Interest expense	275		32		3		310		—		—		310
Income taxes	126		32		37		195		16		—		211
Segment net income (loss)(b)	$	441	$	98	$	91	$	630	$	(15)	$	—	$	615
Total assets at December 31, 2023	$	22,906	$	1,534	$	1,615	$	26,055	$	9,675	$	(10,647)	$	25,083

(a)Primarily consists of cost of natural gas, other operations and maintenance, taxes other than income taxes, estimated loss on regulatory disallowance, AFUDC equity, and non-service cost-related retirement benefits income.

(b)For gas distribution operations, includes pre-tax charges associated with the disallowance of certain capital investments at Nicor Gas totaling approximately $63 million ($47 million after tax) in 2025 and $96 million ($72 million after tax) in 2023. See Note 2 under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.